新编英语教程综英第三版unit1

LANGUAGESTRUCTURESPRACTICEIExampleA:Ohdear!Mypupils’homeworkisfullofcarelessmistakes.B:Didyoutellthemtochecktheirhomeworkbeforetheyhanditin?A:No,Ididn’t.B:Ithinktheyshouldbetoldthattheirhomeworkhastobecheckedbeforetheyhanditin.PRACTICEIIExampleA:Lilian’sbeenworkingveryhard,Iwastold.B:Yes,soIheard.Sheoftenworksovertime.A:Isshepaidanythingextraforovertime?B:No,sheisn’t.PRACTICEIIIAExampleA:PoorTom!Lotsofpeoplemakefunofhim.B:Whydotheydothat?A:Becausehewalkswithalimp.B:Well,Idon’tthinkanybodyshouldbemadefunofbecauseofhisphysicalhandicap.PRACTICEIIIBExampleA:Howwastheexhibition?B:Verygood.A:Werebrochureshandedouttovisitors?B:Oh,yes,theywere.PRACTICEIVExampleA:Peoplesaythecityhasmappedoutaconstructionplanforthenextyear.B:Hasit?Doyouknowanyparticulars?A:Yes.Theysaythatthreeparkswillbeexpanded.B:Good.We’llhavemorespaceforenjoymentandrest.DIALOGUETheOlympicGamesA:Hi,Mark!B:Hi,Jessie,nicetoseeyou!Whyareyoulookingsoworried?A:I’mwritinganessayontheOlympicGames,but,youknow,Iknowverylittleaboutthem.ItissaidthatyouareanOlympicexpert,socouldyoupleasegivemesomehelp?B:Noproblem!Whatdoyouwanttoknow?A:IonlyknowtheancientOlympicGamesoriginatedinAthens.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutthem?B:Well,theancientOlympicGameswereaseriesofcompetitionsheldbetweenrepresentativesofseveralGreekcity-statesandkingdoms,whichfeaturedmainlyathleticbutalsocombatandchariotracingevents.A:IheartheoriginoftheOlympicsisshroudedinmysteryandlegend.B:Itis.OneofthemostpopularmythsidentifiesHeraclesandhisfatherZeusastheprogenitorsoftheGames.Accordingtolegend,itwasHeracleswhofirstcalledtheGames“Olympic”andestablishedthecustomofholdingthemeveryfouryears.A:WhenwerethefirstOlympicGamesheld?B:In776BC.TheGamesreachedtheirzenithinthe6thand5thcenturiesBC,butthengraduallydeclinedaftertheRomanEmpirecametodominateancientGreece.Theywereabolishedin393AD.A:Whatapity!Whendidtheybegintorevive?B:Notuntilabout1,500yearslater,whenayoungFrencheducator,BaronPierredeCoubertin,proposedthattheancientGamesberevivedonaninternationalscale.A:HisattemptatrevivingtheGamesmusthavebeenwarmlywelcomed.B:No.Infact,hisattemptwasnotmetwithmuchenthusiasm.Still,hepersisted.A:SowhenandwherewerethefirstmodernOlympicGamesheld?B:TheywereheldinAthensin1896,with241athletesfrom14nationscompetingin43events.A:AndnowtheGameshavegrowntomorethan10,000competitorsfromover200countries.They’vereallydeveloped.B:Theyhave.A:IknowtheOlympicGamesareheldinadifferentcityeachtime.Butwhoisresponsibleforchoosingthehostcity?B:TheInternationalOlympicCommitteeisresponsibleforthat,aswellasoverseeingtheplanningoftheOlympicGames,andupdatingandapprovingthesportsprogram.A:YoureallydoknowalotabouttheOlympicGames.Thankyousomuchforyourhelp!B:It’sapleasure.LISTENINGIN&SPEAKINGOUTPopularSportsinBritainSportsplayanimportantpartinthelifeinBritainandtheyarepopularleisureactivities.Whetherspectatingorparticipating,Britishpeoplearewell-knownfortheirloveofsports.Whereveryouare,you’reneverfarfromtheactionandtheoptionsarehuge.There’sanon-stopcalendarofeventswithmanysportsplayedinsummerorwinter.It’snowondermanyBritishpeoplethinkinsportingseasonsratherthanyears.TheUnitedKingdomhasgivenbirthtoarangeofmajorinternationalsportsincluding:football,rugby,cricket,golf,tennis,badminton,squash,hockey,boxing,snooker,billiardsandcurling.IthasalsoplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofsportssuchasSailingandFormulaOne.FootballisundoubtedlythemostpopularsportinEngland,andhasbeenplayedforhundredsofyears.IntheEnglishFootballLeaguethereare92professionalclubs.Thesearesemi-professional,somostplayershaveotherfull-timejobs.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplealsoplayfootballinparksandplaygroundsjustforfun.ThehighlightoftheEnglishfootballyearistheFA(FootballAssociation)CupFinaleachMay.ThebeautifulgameisnotonlyasportinBritainbutawayoflife.PlayerslikeEnglandaceDavidBeckhamhaveturnedheadsallovertheworldandmadeteamslikeManchesterUnitedandArsenalhouseholdnames.Rugbyissimilartofootball,butplayedwithanovalball.Playerscancarrytheballandtackleeachother.ThebestrugbyteamscompeteintheSuperLeagueFinaleachSeptember.Formanyyearsrugbywasonlyplayedbytherichupperclasses,butnowitispopularalloverthecountry.Theworld’smostfamoustennistournamentisWimbledon.ItstartedatasmallclubinsouthLondoninthe19thcentury.ItbeginsonthenearestMondaytoJune22,atatimewhentheEnglishoftenhavethefinestweather.MillionsofpeoplewatchtheChampionshipsonTVlive.Itistraditionalforvisitorstoeatstrawberriesandcreamwhilsttheywatchthetennis.Horseracing,thesportofkings,isaverypopularsportwithmeetingsbeingheldeverydaythroughouttheyear.TheDerbyoriginatedhere,asdidTheGrandNationalwhichisthehardesthorseraceintheworld.Horseracingandgreyhoundracingarepopularspectatorsports.Peoplecanplacebetsontheracesatlegaloff-trackbettingshops.READINGITwoKindsofFootballAmericanfootball,nottobeconfusedwiththefootballcalledsoccer,istheAmericannationalsport.ItdevelopedfromtheBritishgameofrugbyand,althoughitisplayedinnoothercountryintheworld(exceptCanada),itexcitestremendousenthusiasm.Intercollegiategames(gamesbetweenuniversities)aregreatsocialoccasions.Morethan100,000mothersandfathers,brothersandsisters,studentsandfootballfansfromthegeneralpublic,crowdintothehuge,luxuriousstadiums.DuringarecentcollegefinalintheRoseBowlatPasadena,California,thereweresevereearthquaketremors,butnobodynoticed!ThemethodofscoringinAmericanfootballisthesameasinrugby.Playerstrytocarrytheballovertheopponents’line,andthentoearnmorepointsbykickingtheballbetweentheuprightgoalpostsabovethebar.Butthatiswherethelikenessbetweenthetwogamesends.Americanfootballhasareputationforbeingabrutalanddangerousgame.Thisreputationisnotreallydeserved.Theplayershurlthemselvesateachotherfiercely,buttodaytheiruniformsandhelmets(fittedwithvisorstoprotecttheirfaces)aresoskilfullypaddedthattherearefewseriousinjuries.Bycomparison,therugbyplayerisalmostnaked,havingonlyathinjerseyandapairofshortstoprotecthimfromhisopponents’bootsandtackling.TheAmericansareaddictedtocrazes.Whentheytakesomethingup,theydosowholeheartedly,andoftentherestoftheworldfollowstheirlead.Joggingisanexampleofthis.TheAmericansnowhaveanothercraze,agamewhichmostothercountriescall“football,”butwhichtheycallsoccer.SoccerisspreadinglikewildfirethroughalltheStatesandgaininginpopularityonbaseball.ItisbeingrunbybigbusinessandTVadvertisers,whoaredoingeverythingtheycantosellittothepublic.Theyareemployingfamousfashiondesignerstodesignnoveluniformsfortheplayers.Theyhaveintroducedamusicalbackgroundtothegames,andthereisabigscreeninthestadiumwhichexplainstospectatorswhatishappening.Mostimportant,theyhavehired,atenormousexpense,famouscoachesandplayersfromEuropeandSouthAmerica.Theyhavealsochangedsomeoftherules,includingtheoffsiderulestomakethegamemoreexciting.Soccergamescannowdrawcrowdsofover70,000incitieswherebaseballattractsamere20,000spectators.ThesoccerstadiumsaremuchmoreluxuriousthanthevastmajorityofEuropeanandSouthAmericanleaguegrounds.Thereisaseatforeveryoneandaparkinglotfor25,000cars.Soccerisbeingbrilliantlypromoted,likeanyotherpromisingAmericanproduct.READINGIIThePhysicalMiseducationofaFormerFatBoyWhenIwassix,anext-doorneighborgavememyfirstcandybar,andIfattenedimmediatelyinahomewherefoodwaslove.ItishardlysurprisingthatwhenIfirstenteredphysicaleducationcoursesintheeighthgrademycoachesweremarkedlyunimpressedorthatthereafterIcompensatedbyworkingharderatbooks,whereIwasmoresuccessful.AlthoughIdidlearntotakejokesaboutmysizeandexperiencedthe“bigness”ofbeingabletolaughatmyself(thestandardfatman’sreward),atthirty-fiveIamfurioustorecallhowreadilyandcompletelymyinstructorsdefaultedintheirresponsibilitiestome.SomeremediesIhavelearnedinmythirtiespersuademethatitisnotinevitablethatthesystemwillcontinuetofailotherfatboys.Mypersonalremediesforphysicalineptitudehaveafirmbaseinideas.FouryearsagoIweighed265pounds.OnlymyanalystneedstoknowhowmuchIconsequentlyhatedmyself.InsixmonthsItookoff105poundsandinitiatedaregularjoggingandexercisingschedulethathasgradually,verygradually,ledtoincreasedself-confidence.Yetmyphysicaleducationteachersinsecondaryschoolandcollegenevershowedtheleastinterestinmyphysicalproblems,neversatdownandinitiatedthesimplestdiagnosisofmyphysicalneeds,nevertemptedmeintothepersonaldiscoveriesthatIhavetowaitmorethanadecadetomakeformyself.Instead,myphysicaleducatorsofferedtwoalternatives.EitherIcouldenterthefiercecompetitivesportsthatpredominateinourcultureandthereinmakeandacceptthehighestmarkIcouldachieve;orIcouldoptfortheless-competitiveintramurals,modeledafterthebigboys’games,andacceptmyroleasaphysicallyincompetenthumanbeing,sittingonthesidelinestocheerforachosenteamofprofessionals.Theselimitedalternativeswererepeatedlyjustifiedasteachingmehowitisoutinthe“realworld,”in“thegameoflife,”allegedlydividedbetweentheparticipatorsandthewatchers.Now,asIjoginmymidwinterdawn,allmuffledwithsocksovermyhands,makingtr