第三讲阅读完成表格讲解

寒假英语资料第三讲中考英语B卷阅读完成表格讲解一、题型简介这种题型只在考查学生综合运用语言的能力，即捕捉信息、组织信息和综合概括信息的能力。该题型任务可分为阅读文章和表格填空两个部分。要求考生根据所读短文，对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括，而后准确有序地完成表格的空缺。此类阅读话题广泛，体裁多样，内容贴近生活，富有气息。表格项目。基本上根据文章结构和作者思路设计，一般包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等部分。当然把握命题人设空规律显得很重要。二、3种常考题型1）信息查找2）信息转换3）信息总结三、任务型阅读解题思路和方法指导 1．解题步骤：研表一读文一填表研表：迅速阅读表格，预测所缺单词。通过分析表格的项目内容和结构特征，从而揣测命题的目的和意图，准确把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏及表格前的小标题，这样有助于理解短文的大意。读文：快速浏览全文．把握短文大意，再读文章内容．找准细节定位。任务型阅读要求考生解读语篇，掌握文章的框架结构和段落大意，又要求考生对具体的事实细节进行查找和定位、理解和转换。因此，在阅读文章时，考生应适时恰当地运用多种阅读技巧，对文章进行全面的理解。填表：抓住有效细节，准确填好表格。任务型阅读考查学生通过快速阅读捕捉信息的能力，又要求对文中信息进行理解转换，并进行适当的逻辑推理和归纳总结，在填表时力争返回原文，找出与题目有关的内容，抓住关键词汇，填好所缺单词。填好表格后，再次校对所填单词拼写是否正确是否符合文章内容。2．解题方法指导 (1)快速定位圈点。根据表格中所提供的细节信息，抓住关键词语，返回原文，快速捕捉，对表格中提供的信息在文中进行定位，并通过对比新旧语境，圈出不同点。(2)巧妙运用转换。对于那些不能在原文中直接选定的答案，根据表格中对原文语义的转换，掌握设空规律，进行词形和词性的转换。巧用同义词、反义词、词语搭配等转换方式，以便提高答题正确率。 (3)掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中的最上栏或最左栏需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，常用的概括性词语有：原因(reason/cause)、方法(way/means)、优缺点(advantage／disadvantage)、观点(opinion／view)、建议(advice/tip/suggestions、目的(aim/purpose)问题(problem卜影响和结果(effect/result)、个人信息(name/age/occupation/personality)等。掌握这些概括性词语，可以帮助学生迅速准确地完成答题任务。 (4)注意答题细节。审清表格，注意表格中所缺单词的排列顺序，特别要留神写到答题卡上的单词序号：正确拼写单词，注意首字母的大小写、名词的单复数、主谓一致及非谓语动词的使用等。另外，书写工整在答题的过程中也十分重要。总之，任务型阅读不同于传统的阅读理鳃．这就要求学生在平时学习过程中夯实基础，加强常用词汇的积累，培养自己的创新思维，并养成细心答题的好习寒假英语资料四、阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息。AAdvertisementsareanimportantpartofourlives.Wearesousedtothemthatweoftendonotevenrealizehowmanyweseeandhearinaday!Whatisanadvertisement?Anadvertisementprovidesinformationandusescreativelanguagesandattractivepicturestoencouragepeopletobuyaproductorserviceorbelieveinanidea.Newspapers,magazines,theInternet,radiosandtelevisionsarethemostplacestofindadvertisements.Therearetwomaintypesofadvertisements:commercialadvertisementisonewhichsomeonehaspaidfortopromote（推进，促销）aproductorservice.PSAsareoftenplacedforfree,andareusedtoeducatepeopleabouthealth,safety,oranyotherthings.Doesanadvertisementtellpeoplethecompletetruth?Chinahasstronglawstoprotectpeoplefromadvertisementsthatlieortrytomakepeoplebelieveuntruepromisesaboutproductsorservices.However,westillmustbecarefulwiththemethod方法）usedinadvertisementstotryandsellusthings.Evenifanaddoesnotlie,itdoesnotmeanittellsyouthecompletetruth.Onetoothpasteadsays“Brigh-tteethfightsbadbreath!”Theadvertiserswantyoutoreadtheword “fights”andthinkthatthetoothpastecuresbadbreath,butitdoesnotsaythat!Allitsaysisthatitfightsitandthatisnotthesamethingatall.Onesupermarkettellsbuyers,“Youareproudofyourcooking,soshouldn'ytoubuythefreshestfood?”Thisoneisveryclever,becauseittellsbuyersthattheyaregoodcooks.However,theadneversaysthatthissupermarkethasthefreshestfood!Theyjusthopethatyoureadthead,youwillfeelgoodaboutwhatitsaysandrememberthewords“freshesftood”andthenbuyitinthesupermarket.Wemustnotfallforthiskindoftrick!PublicserviceadvertisementsNotalladsplaytricksonusthough.PSAsusesomeofthesamemethods,buttheyaremadetoservethepublic.PSAsaremeanttoteachusandhelpusleadbetterlives.Youhaveprobablyseenorheardsomeofthemyourself,liketolife,notodrugs “”Knanodwledgechangeslife.”Theseadsdealwithlargesocialissues.TherearealsoPSAsthateducatepeopleaboutpublicserviceprojects,suchasProjectHope.Alloftheseadsaremeanttobehelpful,andyoucanoftenlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.Trytoremember:thinkaboutwhyyoushoulddoorbuythethingstheadsuggests.Weallwanttobesmartaboutwhatwebelieve,sobesmartaboutadvertisements.Thetitle:1. 2. :toencouragepeopletobuyThemethods:by3. creativeaproductorserviceorbelieveinanidealanguagesandattractivepictures.Two4. ofadsOne:commercialadvertisementswhichTheother:publicserviceadvertisements,whichareshouldbe5. placed6. Weshouldalwaysbe7. Theyplay8. tricksonus.tricks!Theyhelpus9. .10. :Trytobesmartaboutadvertisements!BWeallneedahealthyenvironment,butweproducewastethingseverydayanditdoesharm2寒假英语资料toourenvironment.Thoughweareyoung,wecanstilldosomethingtohelp.Infact,eventhesimplesteverydayactivitiescanmakearealdifferencetotheenvironment.Herearesomeideasforyoutoliveagreenlife.Rememberthesethreewords:reduce,reuseandrecycle.Reducemeans“useless”D.on'twastethings.Thissavesmoneyandreducespollutionandwastegoingintotheenvironment.Beforewebuysomethingnew,thinkofitisreallynecessaryormaybetheoldonewillbejustasgood!Whenwedobuythings,chooselocalproducesifpossible,andtrynottobuytoomanythingsfromabroad.Reusemeans“useagain”U.sethingsforaslongaspossible.Whenwebuythings,makesurethattheylastalongtime.Weshouldtakecareofthemsothattheywilllast,andweshouldrepairthemifwecaninsteadofthrowingthemawayandbuyingnewones.Usingapapercuporapaperbagisnotthebestchoice.It'sbettertouseachinacupandalunchboxbecauseyoucanusethemagain.Recyclemeans“changethingsintosomethingelse”A.lthoughittakesenergytochangesomethingintosomethingelse,it'bsetterthanthrowingthingsawayorburningthem.Findoutwhatcanberecycledinyourneighborhoodandtakepartinrecyclingprograms.Weshouldalsobuyproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials,suchasrecycledpaper,tohelpsavetrees.Title:1. toLiveaGreenLifeWeproducewasteeverydayanditis2. tous.Wecandosomethingtohelp.IdeasDoesDon'tsDon'tbuytoomanythingsin3. Useless.4. .*TrytosavesomethingToreuseUse5. .*Usethingsforaslongaspossible.*Buythingsthatlastlong.6. cupsorbags.*Takecareofthingsorrepairtheoldthings7. throwingthemawayandbuyingnewones.Changethingsinto8. .Torecycle*Joininrecyclingprograms.Don't10. *Weshouldbuyproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials9. wecansavematerials. CWhendifficultpeopleexpressthemselvesorally,theygenerallywantatleasttwothings:they'vbeeenheardandthey'vbeeenunderstood.Asagoodcommunicatorshouldbeagoodlistener,fivestepsareadvocated（提倡）towardgoodlistening.Thefirststepiscooperating（合作）.Howdoesadifficultpersonknowthatyou 'relisteningandunderstanding?Infact,it 'sthroughthewayyoulooandsoundwhileheistalking.Youmahyelphimtofullyexpresshisthoughtandfeelings.Youdothisbynoddingyourhead（点头）in3寒假英语资料agreement,makingcertainsoundsofunderstanding.Whenthepersonbeginstorepeatwhat'sbeensaid,it 'ssigntwaloo:ftusrtenpingback.Itmeansthatyourepeatbacksomewordsheisusing,sendingaclearsignalthatyou 'relisteningcarefullyandthatyouthinkwhatheissayingisimportant.Havingheardwhathehastosay,thenextstepisclarifying.Atthispoint,youstarttogatherinformationaboutwhatisbeingcommunicated.Asksomeopen-endedquestions,whichwillallowyoutofigureoutwhatintention（意图）heishopingtosatisfy.Thefourthstepistosummarize（概括）whatyou'veheard.Thisallowsytooumakesurethatbothyouandthedifficultpersonareonthesamepage.Whenyoudothis,twothingshappen.First,ifyou'remissedsomething,hecanfillinthedetails（细节）.Second,you'veshownthatyou'remakinganefforttounderstandcompletely.This

increasesthepossibilityofgainingcooperationfromhim.Havinglistenedcarefully,you'venowarrivedatthepointofconfirmingwith