初中英语选词填空解题技巧

初中英语选词填空解题技巧根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的 选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。.在拿到题目后，|不要急于看文句|,首先|对备选的词汇研究|几遍,对所作简单的同H，例如：名词-n.,动词-v.,形容词-a.,副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的丙方,注意发现固定搭日关系,凭借语感积极主动地|猜测空格|中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。.在选手单词后，"要轻率地填入|。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要［保证句式结封|的正确：★对于区高,要考虑是否要把它悭成复数或所有格”形式。例如：match-matches,friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous ★对于d同，要有意识地去考虑।时态和语态的变力以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式todo,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭酉己-enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done…）；对于|形容词?副词，要主动去判定它们之间的|相互转换是否需要变成比较级或最高HI，还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑,例如：interesting-more/themostinteresting,happy-happily,happy-happiness;对于代词，注意|辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词 |的用法;★对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third,2/3-twothirds,onethousand/thousandsof;对于冠词，只需要在a或an之间判别，如agirl/anoldman;对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆、试着记住下面的顺口溜 ：空前空后要注意，名词”单复数要牢记，还有‘s不能弃，动词”注意要变形，形副”注意要用三种级，要填数词”请留意，千万别忘基”和序”，填入代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查|单词拼写|是否正确,是否有.态、语态卜|惯用法|及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，|切勿错位|。总结：做题技巧.统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。.根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围，从而正确地选词。

.利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。.复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口 馍”出来。例题：（2010年河南省中招选词填空题节选）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多dirtywithhavealwaystimetheylargewantspeaklessonfirstdropAfteraquickbreakfast,Iwentintothelecturehallinahurry.Afamousteacherwas66tothestudentsHewasholdingupa$100bill.Thenhesaidtothethreehundredstudents"Whowouldlikethis$100bill?”ThestudenBJputhandsatonceThenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethis$100billtooneofyou,but68,letmedothis."Hemadethebillintoaball.Thenhesaid. "69hoitnow?”ThehandswentbackintoOir."Well,"hesaid“whatifIdothis? "7Qndhe）nthefloorandsteppedonitHepickedupthe7lbillandsaid “Whostillwantsit?”Handswentbackagainintotheair. "，Myyounds,havelearnedavaluable^价值的）72today.NomatterwhatIdidtothe$100bill!Many73inourlife,wearedroppedandsteppedonWefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhat74 happenedtoyogyouwillneverloseyourvalue：Youare75valuabletothosepeoplewholoveyouYourvaluedoesn'tcomefromwhatyoudoorwhomyouknow,butwhoyouare.”.单词诠释；进行预判性练剪ty<adj.>maketheroomdirty.稣词通读全文,―经行预判——3.性练剪ty<adj.>maketheroomdirtywith<prep>---without<prep>3forgeave嗨端L^pi（）khadsame%frently ,I,edone/hasdone3forgeave嗨端L^pi（）khadsame%frently ,I,edone/hasdone/haddone1__TheO4evarwaysstodU.3achbealwaysdoing一直干某事 _5Mrtimrownjhada用umbreave^opoo科smaltitownrimop^somu1smes<C.>himbrokenunmbodelsiandtimenshetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.y（werha_pron.>theythere.主格---them宾格---themselves反身代词nedayMr.Browthwent用London忡train.--He3theirs名词性楙即k制arumbrellawith甲m』fgat<ay用ttingin：fro磁0fargerwasao>刈骄镂止讪叫输舟哨融ly48.want<加e>seantWthenwhettsbinharrivsdhnLondon,Mr.Brown5uptheoff,Mr.umbeeaia<vie>oftenakdoduwnthsbJopneyabotrasthJustashewasgetting低wves6._lesson—哒就僧刑炉雕船an* 'T懦f7theoff,Mr.Brownrst-s-facelyuatfirnedthenandhegaveitbacktothemanatonce.WhendrMfBrown-gofropp好bigshoprotheecshorokeeperon^ahcg^ohjsdsixumbrellasready.Afteragood100kat 8 6fthem,hesaid, 'You'vemendedthemverywell.Intheafternoonhegotintothetrainagain.The9manwasinthesameseat.HelookedatMrBrownandhissixumbrellas, "You'vehada10day,"hesaid.（二）Light before,discover,fast,in,come,watch,so,fastit, travelsataspeed（速 ago,shine,notcan 度）whichisaboutamilliontimes1thanthatofsound.2onesecond,lighttravelsabout300,000kilometers,butsoundtravelsonly340meters.Youcangetsomeideaofthisdifferenceby3thestartofarunningmatch.Ifyoustandfarawayfromthestarter（发令员），youcanseesmoke4fromhisgun5thesoundreachesyourears.Thefastspeedoflightproducessomestrangefacts.Theneareststaris6farawaythatlightwhichyoucanseefromittonightstartedtotraveltoyoufouryears7ataspeedofnearlytwomillionkilometerseveryminute.Thelightfromsomeoftonight'sstartedon8journeytowardsyouevenbeforeyouwereborn.So,ifwewanttobehonest,we9say,“Thestarsareshiningbrightlytonight."Wehavetosay,“Thestarslooknice.Theywere10fouryearsagobuttheirlighthasjustreachedourearth. ”（三）all,any,behave,difference,drink,eat,enjoy,fine,other,real,surprise,theseOncetherewasateacherwhotookallhisstudentsfortea.Whatmadethestudents1wasthatallthecupsonthetablewere2.Eachofthemtookacupandstarted3theirowntea,lookingatthe4cups.Theteachersaid;"Doyounoticeyour5?Youarealllookingateachother'steacupsand6ofyouevenenvy（羡慕）the7cupsofothers."Thenhewenton:"Iputthedifferentcupshereonpurpose!Lifeislike8tea.Youallhavethesamethinginyourcups—tea.Andyetyoucan't9enjoyitinyourenvyofanother'scup.Youforget10yourownlifewhenyouenvysomeoneelse'slife.Sonow,tasteyourowntea!Doesitmatterfromwhichcupitcomesfrom?"（四）much,arm,wait,see,when,spend,she,worry,have,growOnlyMotherLoveistruelove.Itgiveseverybodyeverythingallhislife.1youarestillababy,mothertakesgoodcareofyouasmuchaspossible.Inyourwakinghoursshealwaysholdsyouinher2.Whenyouareill,shestopsherworkrightnowtolookafteryoudayandnightandforgetsabout3.Whenyouare4updaybyday,shefeelsveryhappy.Whenyouareoldenoughtogotoschool,motherstilllooksafteryouallthetime.Oncoldwinterdays,shealwaystellsyoutoputon5clothes.Shealwaysstandsinthewind6foryoubackfromschool.Whenyouhurrytoleavehomeforschoolwithlittlebreakfast,shealwaysfeels7aboutyouathome.Sheusuallyknowsaboutyourstudyand8muchmoneyonyourschoolthings.Whenyoudowellatschool,thebrightestsmilewillbe9onherface.Motherisalwaysreadytogiveeverythingshe10toherchildren,nottoreceive.Whattruelovethatisintheworld!WewillrememberMotherLoveforever.典型例题erested8.playing9.safety10.thankful（一）l.brought2.mended3.forgot4.beside5.picked6.stopped7.mine8.each9.same10.lucky（二）l.faster2.Ie5.before6.so7.ago8.its9.cannot10.shining（三）l.surprised2 .different 3.drinking4.others'behaviorsome 7.finer 8.this 9.reallyl0.toenjoy（四）71-80When,arms,hersef,growing,more,waiting,worried,spends,seen,has补全对话题型解读中考采用的都是给出选项的形式，它共有5小题，每题要求选出符合情境的一个句子，完成一段10到14个来回的对话，以此来考查学生在具体情景和上下文中口语交际的能力。《英语新课程标准》要求学生掌握初中毕业生学会使用一些常用的功能意念项目以达到初步

交际的目的。这些功能意念项目包括：问候、介绍、告别、感谢、道歉、邀请、请求允许、祝愿和祝贺、提供帮助、约会、打电话、就餐、就医、购物、问路、谈论天气、语言交际困难、提醒注意、劝告、建议等20个项目。2.对人物身份提问1对职业提问：What2.对人物身份提问Whoistheboy?Heismyfriend..对人物性格提问：Whatisyourteacherlike?Heiskind-hearted..对人物长相提问：WhatdoesTomlooklike?Heisverytallandhascurlyhair..对天气提问：.对颜色提问：.对时间提问：.对星期提问：9对日期提问:10.对年龄提问:Howstheweather?Itisverycoldthere.Whatcolorisyourbackpack?Itisgreenandblue.Whattimeisitnow?Its7:00now.Whatdayistoday?TodayisTuesday.Whatisthedatetoday?TodayisMay2,2008.Howold11.对延续时间段的提问:isyourbrother?Heis15yearsold.HowlonghasSallylivedhere?Shehaslivedherefor5years.12.对距离的提问：Howfar|isyourschool?Itishalfanhour'swalkfromhere.13.对动作频率的提问：Howoftendoesshegotovisithergrandma?Shegoestovisithergrandmaonceaweek.14.对即将发生动词时间段的提问:week.Howsoonwilltheteacherbeback?Hewillbebackina.对具体数量的提问:.对量或价钱的提问:针对性练习：Howmanybooksdidhebuy?Hebought10books.Howmuchdoestheshirtcost?Itcosther200dollars.补全对话(一)(打电话+约会)A:Hello,mayI