高考英语知识点-考点全归纳

14.14..实用文档.高考英语知识串讲第1讲一、LanguagePointsCsharev.分享、合用：sharesthwithsbn.一份，股份sparea.业余的，备用的：sparetime,asparetire'v.抽出，匀给：sparemefiveminutes/spareoneofsandwichesfortheboysparenoefforts：不遗余力qsparenoexpense:不惜工本savev.节省，救出.Hefeltluckytohavesurvivedthewar.withsbabout/oversth:和某人就某事争论argue*for/againststh:赞成/反对…Lsbinto/outof(doing)sth:说服某人做/不做某事have/make/let/see/watch/listento+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)getsbtodosthhave+宾+宾补(todo/tobedone)So+同一主语+助动词So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语Soitis/waswith+另一主语should/oughtto/need/could/might/would+do/havedoneexcept/but/exceptfor/exceptthat/exceptwh-clausebesides/inadditionapartfrom'butfor=withoutThefirsttime+从句斗Forthefirsttime:作时间状语It'thefirsttime+that-clause(完成时)'thefirst+名词+todomost宀mostofthe*+n.(pl)/pron.themajorityof(the)」mostly:主要地〔状〕beequaltosth：与…相等beequalto(doing)sth：胜任(做)某事equalsth:与…相等equalsbinsth:在…方面与某人匹敌compare…to/with…comparedto/with•…12.13.agreatmanyseveral/twodozen/hundredk+n.(pl.)(many)dozensofagreatmanyofseveal/twodozenof}+the/these/those+n.(pl.)-+pron.muchtoo+adj/adv(原级)toomuch+n.(u.)"toomany+n.(pl.)没有被动态{comeabout（主要用于疑问句、否认句）happen（表示偶然、碰巧之意）takeplace（多表示有组织、有方案）breakout（指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发）occur（与happen通用）Itoccurstosbthat/todo…：某人突然想起…..实用文档.15.With+宾+15.With+宾+宾补*todo：表将来doing:表正在进行Done:表过去16.强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“itbe〃和“that〃去掉，原句通顺那么是强调句，否那么就不是强调句。例：ItwasinthestreetthatImetanoldfriendyesterday.二、语法专题——名词的考点考查可数名词和不可数名词，尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。考查名词的格，即’s所有格，of所有格或双重所有格。名词作定语。名词及名词短语的辨析。名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。三、题型归纳一一辨析型单项填空名词的辨析名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别，如parent指父亲或母亲，而parents指父母双亲；people指人们，而apeople指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别，如:exercise指锻炼；而exercises指练习题或练习操；再次，注意同义名词或近义名词的区别，如::event指发生的重大事件、体育工程；incident指偶发事件；而accident指意外事件。最后还要注意近形词的区别，如:cloth指布；cloths指各种不同用途的布；clothes指衣服（复数），clothing衣服（总称）。动词的辨析对于动词的辨析，首先要了解动词的及物与不及物，如:reply意为“答复，答复〞后面接名词时需接介词to,此时为不及物动词；后接从句时，那么为及物动词。其次是要弄清动词的词义区别，如:advise与persuade,前者指劝说、劝告，强调过程；而后者指说服，强调结果。最后还要区别各种非谓语动词间的意义和用法动词的v-ing形式表示正在进行或伴随的动作；v-ed形式表示完成或被动；todo形式表示即将进行的动作等。形容词、副词的辨析对于形容词、副词，一是要注意近义词间的区别，如：clever指对问题处理的圆滑；bright指对问题的反响快;wise指选择的正确等。此夕卜，女口wide与broad;strong与powerful;interesting与interested;exciting与excited等。二是注意同形的形容词和副词，如:close作形容词时意为“亲密的〃；作副词时意为“接近，靠拢〃。三是注意同根副词的区别，如:hard与hardly,前者指猛烈地、努力地；而后者意为几乎不。四是注意副词形式的形容词，女口:friendly,lovely,lively实际上是形容词，切不可当作副词使用。五是注意形容词的位置区别，如:present+n.与n.+present，前者指当前的；而后者指在场的。介词的辨析对介词的辨析要从两方面入手，一是介词的词义，如:across,through,past,over为动作介词，across强调从外表横过，越过；through强调从空间穿过；past强调从侧面、旁边经过；over强调从空中越过而不接触，也可以表示越过一段距离、空间等。此外，如above,over,on;with,by;of,to;to,for的区别。连词的辨析连词的区别主要在于：一是连词的意义，女如when,while与as;because,since与for;whether与if;though,as与although等。二是注意时间名词短语转化而成的连词，如：every/eachtime;thefirst/second…time;themoment;theminute等，它们都可作连词，连接从句。三是注意副词转化而成的连词，如:directly,immediately,instantly等。四是注意连词的词序，如:onlyif与ifonly,前者意为“只要〃，后者意为“要是…就好了〃。代词的辨析代词的辨析包括不定代词，如：other,others,theother,theothers,another等；人称代词，如：one,it,that等和关系代词，如:which与that;which与as;whose与prep.+which/whom等。Doestheteacheryoutogohomethisweekend?A.allowB.consentC.agreeD.approveAfterthebigfire,thehousewascompletely.A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.spoiledThehuntersaidhewasluckytogetoutoftheforest.A.livingB.aliveC.livelyD.livetalkingwithhisGrandma,hewentawaywithoutsayingaword.A.TiringwithB.TiringofC.TiredwithD.TiredofIt'snecessarytohavesomeknowledgeforthisjob.A.electricB.electricalC.elctronD.electricityThephotoonthewallwastakeninBeijinglastyear.A.hangB.hangingC.hungD.hangedOnNewYear'sDay,people,especiallygirls,alwayswearnew-newhats,newcoats,newtrousersandnew

shoes.A.clothesB.clothingC.clothD.clothsHestaysupintheeveningstogoonlinetogettheinformation.A.late,latestB.lately,lastC.late,lastD.latest,latestisittoaskheraboutheraboutthat?Shedoesn'tknowiteither.A.WhatgoodB.HowgoodC.WhatagoodD.HowmuchgoodIhaddoneitIknewIhadmadeamistake.A.HardlyB.DirectlyC.mostlyD.NearlyItissaidyouwenttoseeJennyyesterday.Whathasbecome___her?A.fromB.ofC.intoD./Whodoyouthinkwillbeallowedtheretomorrow?A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visitedTodaywecaneitherflytoHainanIslandortakeaship___thesea.A.inB.acrossC.frominD.acrossfromYouwilfindwhatgreatbenefitthecomputeryouowncanbeeachtimeyouuseittohelpyouwork.A.forB.ofC.atD.onIthoughthewasnotofaprofessorthefirsttimeIheardhimspeakingtothechildrenattheplatforminthehallofourschool.A.somethingB.anythingC.somebodyD.anybodyWe'vemissedthelastbus.I'mafraidwehavenobuttotakeataxi.A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selectionstudentshavegraduatedfromthisschoolinthelasttwentyyears.A.TensofthousandsofB.TensuponthousandsofC.TensinthousandsD.TenthousandsofThefarmersplantoproducethreetimesintheyearbeforelasttomeettheincreasingneedofthepeople.A.ofcropasmuchthisyearasB.asmuchcropthisyearasC.asmorecropthisyearasD.muchcropthisyearthanIthinkthehouseislargeforafamilyoffourpeopleandthepriceisveryreasonable.D.alittleD.alwaystold16-20D.alittleD.alwaystold16-20BABCB

第2讲Hismotherdislikeshim,forhelies.A.tellsB.isalwaystellingC.hastold1-5ABBDB6-10BBAAB11-15BBDBB一、Languagepoints「sb./sth.+adj/nsb./sth.+todofconsider(以为，认为)十sb./sth.+asLthat-clause*[n.consider(考虑)+«doingl疑问词+todosth'“把…当作…"的译法：consider…as=thinkof/lookon/take/regard/treat/have…as2.”2.”Away+'ofdoing(that/inwhich)+定语从句Amethodofdoingsth{bythismeanswiththismethodinthiswaybymeansof:通过…方式，以…手段bythis/thatmeans:通过这种/那种方式byallmeans:务必，一定；〔用于答复〕当然行，请bynomeans:决不，一点也不〔用于句首时用倒装〕protect…(from)doingsthprevent/stop…(from)doingsthprotect…(from)doingsthprevent/stop…(from)doingsth…fromdoing…doingunderthepotectionof•…4faswell*aswellasLmight/mayaswell=hadbetterftodospecially+-for-phraseespecially『alongtheriver:沿着河流overtheriver:在河的正上方*throughtheforest:穿过森林bytheriver:在河边'onthebank:在河岸上『followtheinstructions*followone'sadvice'■asfollowsberesponsibletosbforsthfn.doing/todosthsbtodosthprefer+fsthtosthdoingAtodoingBtodoAratherthandosthLthatsb(should)dosthn.+after+n.=one+n.+afteranother€—个接一个〔强调动作的重复〕|n.+by+n.:一个接一个〔强调动作的变化〕treeaftertree/daybyday11.向“某人〞问好say“hi〞11.向“某人〞问好Pleaseremembermetosb.Sendmyregardstosb.Sendthebestwishestosb.12.主+be+adj.+todo:不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，那么应在其后加上适当的介词。主+be+adj.+todo=Itbe+adj.+(for/ofsb)+todostheg.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.=It'sdifficulttoanswerthequestion.Themanishardtoworkwith.=It'shardtoworkwiththeman.当不定式用作定语时，与其所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语为该动作的执行者时，也常常用主动形式。Eg.Hewantswatertodrink.Shehasaroomtolivein.IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?二、语法专题一一冠词的考点考查冠词的一些根本用法，例如：复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指不用任何冠词；he+单数名词表类指；a/an+单数名词表泛指。考查冠词的习惯用法。如：incaseoffire,bewoundedintheleg,onthetelephone,leavecollege等。考查冠词的活用。如：抽象名词的具体化，asuccess;a/an+专有名词表泛指，anEdison。考查零冠词的用法。三、题型归纳一一结构型单项填空结构型试题常表现在句子中某些成分的省略、标点符号的出现、倒装或插入其他成分使前后别离等，从而引起句子结构的变化，扰乱对句子的判断。有省略的复合句。由于宾语从句或定语从句中谓语局部行为动词的省略，导致对不定式作状语产生误解。标点符号的影响。由于受汉语习惯的影响，往往会因为句子中的标点符号，弄错句子的结构。插入语的影响。有些句子由于中间插入了某些成分，而使句子显得支离破碎，造成对句子结构的误解。倒装句型的根本结构：(1)完全倒装；(2)局部倒装：1〕在特殊疑问句和一般疑问句中；2〕so/neither/nor+do/be/have/情态动词+主语；3〕当虚拟语气的条件从句中省略if时，were,had,和should应置于句首，采用倒装结构；4〕表示祝愿的句子：may+主语+动词原形；5〕as,though引导让步状语从句时：提前局部+as+主语+谓语动词；6〕表示否认意义的副词、介词短语和连词词组置于句首；7〕当notuntil+时间状语从句置于句首时，主句应采用倒装结构，而从句仍用正常语序；8〕notonly…butalso…连接两个句子时，第一个句子采用倒装结构，第二个句子不采用倒装结构；9〕nosooner…tham…,hardly…when…,scarcely…when…都表示"一…就…"，强调过去的两个动作接连发生，当nosooner,hardly和scarcely置于句首时，主句常把had置于主语之前，采用倒装结构，但从句不倒装。10〕only+副词/介词短语/宾语/时间状语从句置于句首时，常采用倒装，但only+主语那么不应采用倒装；11〕在so/such…that…引导的结果状语从句中，将so+adj./adv.或such置于句首时，其主句常采用倒装结构。强调句型，感慨句，并列句的应用。独立主格结构。1)n+todo;2)n+doing;3)n+done;4)n+prep.+n.;5)n+adj/adv;6)n+n;7)with+n+todo/doing/done/adj/adv/prep+n.Hesaidhewoulddowhathecouldus.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helpedHespentallthemoneyhehadthatdictionary.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.boughtTherearemorethanthreethousandstudentsinmyschool,mostoffromthecountry.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.themItishiscleverness,nothisstrenth,defeatedhisrival.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whoThewayyouthinkofourlivingconditionssoundsreasonable.A.improveB.toimproveC.improvingD.improvementIfeelstronglythatwhateveryoumattertome.A.don'tB.dodoesn'tC.don'tdoD.doesn'tdoIsthisschoolyoustudiedintwoyearsago?A.thatB.whenC.itD.theonePleasetellmethewaythoughtofthegarden.A.takecareofB.totakecareofC.takingcareofD.howtotakecareofMrWangwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinehehadhadwentwrongagain.A.itrepairedB.toberepairedC.repairedD.repairingWewilldoeverythingwecanourcity.A.tosaveB.saveC.savingD.savedTheairqualityinBeijingaswellasintheneighboringcitiesweoncespentmuchtimebetterandbetter.A.ingettingB.havinggotC.inisgettingD.hasgotWhodidtheteacher,aswellasthemonitor,anarticleforthewallnewspaper?A.haswriteB.haswrittenC.havewriteD.havewrittenWhatdoyouconsidertoher?A.tohappenB.happeningC.happenedD.happensMrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosomeschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetupTohisjoy,thedayhelookedforwardtoatlast?A.comingB.comeC.cameD.havecomeHowlongdoyouthinkitisshearrivedhere?A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since1-5BCDAB6-10BDBCA11-16CCCBCD第3讲一、Languagepoints「owesbsth=owesthtosb:欠某人某物*owesthtosb/sth:将…归功于…owingto…：由于…'—thanksto/becauseof/dueto…rthinkhighly/poorly/little/alot+ofsb/sth"speakhighly/well/badly+ofsb/sthLsinghighpraiseforsb/sth『apologizetosbfor(doing)sthmakeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth$excusesbfor(doing)sth

forgivesbfor(doing)sthpardonsbfor(doing)sth〔makeanimpressiononsbhaveanimpressionofsthimpresssthon/uponone'smind5.serve；inthearmy5.-ontheofficeservethepeople/thedishservesbwithsth=servesthtosbserveasthechairmanfmakejokesabout:取笑，拿…开玩笑=makeajokeabout彳laughat:嘲笑haveajokewithsb:开某人的玩笑playajokeonsb=playtricksonsb:戏弄ItodoforsthForsbtodosthItodoforsthForsbtodosthThat-clause〔一般过去时〕7.It'stime+*（theone/ones:替代同类事物中特指一个或一些*one:替代上文提到的同类名词中的一个，表泛指“it:指上文提到的同一个事物Ithat:替代上文出现的带定冠词的名词或不可数名词'none:用来答复howmany/howmuch引导的问句，常与of连用”noone:只能指人，用来答复who引导的问句neither:两者都不，表单数nothing:用于指物，用来答复what引导的问句cloth布（u.）:apieceofcloth表示某种特殊用途的布块〔桌布〕：Wipeupthewaterwithacloth.clothes:衣服，服装。是一个没有单数形式的复数名词：Asuitofclothes注：不能直接用数词修饰，但可用many,few,his,my,thse之类的词修饰，作主语时谓）语动词用复数。Aclothing:服装，衣着。是一个无复数形式的物质名词，除衣服外，还包括幌子，手套，鞋袜之类的东西，作主语时谓语动词用单数。Apieceofclothing,anartcleofclothingdress:指穿在外面的衣服，尤指在社交场合穿的礼服及妇女的连衣裙。'suit:成套的衣服。11.「live:活着，有生命的（作定语，主要用来指鸟或其他动物），实况直播的Jlively:活泼的，有生气的，生动的[alive:活着的，还有气儿的，是表语形容词，在句中作表语或后置定语Iliving:活着，健在的，现行的12.'receive:收到，接到（客观动作）；accept:接受,领受（主观意愿）接受教育、惩罚、支持，遭受不幸，接待客人：只用receive'接受某条件、建议：只用accept13.『turn+adj:常表示从某种状态向其他状态变化的自然现象Theweatherhasturnedmuchcolder.go+adj:常表示由好变坏的情况：Themilkwentwrong/bad.become+adj:强调施动者的作用或变化的结果Pleasedon'tgetangry.lcome+adj:一般表示向好的方面变化。Mydreamhascometrue.14.含有插入语的疑问句：Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim?Howdoyousupposethefilmwillend?Whydoyoubelieveheisunfitfortheoffice?15.主从复合句的反意疑问句：疑问局部根据主句确定，但是主句的主语是I/we，谓语是think/suppose/believe/hope/imagine/expect/guess/know/feel/besure/betold时，疑问局部根据从句确定，否认转移时，疑问局部用肯定语气。Shethinkitisagoodidea,doesn'tshe?Ithinkitisagoodidea,isn'tit?Idon'tthinkitisagoodidea,isit?二、语法专题——代词的考点不定代词：(1)all,any,none,both,either,neither;(2)another,other,theother,others,theothers;(3)复合不定代词：someone,anyone,everyone,noone;something,anything,everything,nothing.it的用法：it作实意代词，代替日期、时间、季节、距离；代替身份不明的人，心目中的人和事以及代替上文已提到的或下文将要提到的人、物或某种情况；代替指示代词this,that。it作引导词：作形式主语和形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词和从句；it用于强调句型。替代词one,ones,theone,theones,that,those的用法。人称代词在使用中要注意主格和宾格的区别，反身代词那么要注意和主语一致。三、题型归纳一一习语、搭配型单项填空语言的习惯表达是语言在长期使用过程中的结果，不能随意改变。其表现形式主要在介词短语、名词短语及非谓语动词短语的习惯搭配等方面。习语、搭配型单项填空主要考查对英语习语及搭配的掌握和运用，这就需要在平时多加注意和积累，切不可想当然。介词后的宾语：介词后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，但是，在考试时要注意一些习惯用法。如：farfromsatisfied/over;takesthforgranted;inhospital与inthehospital;atsea与atthesea。冠词的增删：固定搭配中名词前的冠词的有无都是习惯用法，假设去掉或增加，都会使其意思发生变化。如：inprison与intheprison;inbed与onthebed;inschool与intheschool;inpossessionof与inthepossessionof;inchargeof与inthechargeof;infrontof与inthefrontof。非谓语动词短语的考查重点：一是非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系；二是非谓语动词与谓语动词所表示动作的时间先后关系；三是非谓语动词的习惯用法。另外，有些非谓语动词短语已经从非谓语动词短语中游离了出来，而成为表达某种意思的固定搭配。如：tobetrue;totellyouthetruth;tobeexact;judgingby/from;exactlyspeaking;franklyspeaking;comparedto/with等。动词的搭配。如：meantodosth/meandoingsth;forgettodosth/forgetdoingsth;beusedtodoingsth/usedtodosth;headfor/goto;lendto/borrowfrom;setabout/setout;writedown/takedown/putdown等。动词短语。如：haveacold/catchcold;takeplace/takeone'splace等。短语动词。如：runout/runoutof;stickto/keepon;bringin/bringon等。形容词短语。如：bestrictwith/in;differentfrom/in;becarefulof/with等。名词短语。如：thenumberof/anumberof;aknowledgeof等。Nomatterwhatyousee,don'ttakeitfor,butuseyourheadtothinkitover.A.grantB.grantingC.grantedD.grantnessWhenwriting,heoftenkeepsadictionary.A.inhandB.onhandC.athandD.handinHiswifeoftengoestoonSundays.A.churchB.achurchC.thechurchD.churchingItisgoodforyouinyourfuturelifeEnglish.A.havegoodknowledgeofB.tohavegoodknowledgeofC.tohaveagoodknowledgeofD.hasagoodknowledgeofwhathesaid,hehasbeentoAustralia.A.JudgebyB.JudgedbyC.JudgingfromD.TojudgefromSheisalwaysreadytohelpothersandaskingfornothing.A.inreturnB.incaseC.inadditionD.inturnTheyheldaceremonythosekilledinthebattle.A.insteadofB.infavorofC.bymeansofD.inhonorofThemantheshopsaidwecouldhavetwodaysoff.A.inchargeofB.inthechargeofC.takechargeofD.takethechargeofWhentheygottoAmerica,theynearlymoney.A.ranoutB.ranoutofC.ranawayD.ranawayfrom

WordcamethatBrowntherecordinyesterday'smatch.A.madeB.strokeC.beatD.hitLook,littleBettyisgivingatalktothechildrenandisateacher.A.somebodyofB.anybodylikeC.somethingofD.likeanythingMrWangisveryold,butheworkslikeayoungman.Indeed,Ican'tadmirehimA.verymuchB.sowellC.toomuchD.quitewell1-6CCACCA7-12DABCCC一、Languagepoints1.第4一、Languagepoints1.sthprepare+sthforsthprepare+forsthtodosthI「bepreparedfor“bepreparedtodosth"makepreparationsforI「bepreparedfor“bepreparedtodosth"makepreparationsfor2.'Theytiedforfirstplaceinthegame.vWetiedwiththevisitingteaminthebasketballmatch.'Thedogistiedtoatree.广affectvt.影响feffectn.效果，作用haveagood/badeffectonineffect事实上]causeandeffect因果takeeffect生效，起作用Icomeintoeffect生效，实行reffortn.努力彳withouteffort毫不费力Imakeeveryeffort尽一切努力、sparenoeffort不遗余力3fweighvt.称…的重量vi.重达…，重量为…putonweightloseweight{byweightinmeters/pounds/caloriesbytheday/theweek/theyard/thedozen/theton"in…参加…比赛competedwith/against…与…竞赛/竞争for…角逐…，为获取…而竞赛Wherethereisariver,thereisacity.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wherethereislife,thereishope.fdosthnotdosthdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosththat-clause+彳did表现在或将来haddone表过去.wouldrather+.dodamagetosthliveone'sdreaminruins/inpiecesunderattack/discussion/construction/consideration/treatmentalmost:差距比nearly小。可与never,no,noone,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere等否认词连用，但不能与not连用。nearly:不可与上述否认词连用，但可与not连用，构成Not…nearly,意为“远非…，远不及…"二、语法专题一一形容词和副词的考点形容词和副词的辨析：一般无规律可循，只能在于平常时多积累。我们应注意这几点：(1)分清形容词和副词各自的语法功能，即形容词常用作定语，而副词常用作状语；(2)掌握具体的形容词、副词的根本含义和语法功能。如therefore意为“所以〃，在句中起关联作用。(3)有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly，意义不太相同，应加以分辨。常见的有：close接近一一closely仔细地，密切地；high高highly高度地；free免费freely自由地，自如地；late晚，迟lately近来；deep深deeply深刻地，深入地；near邻近nearly几乎；hard努力地hardly几乎不；most最mostly主要地；wide宽阔widely广泛地；easy沉着地easily容易地(4)有些副词与形容词的词形完全相同。换言之，有些词同时兼有形容词和副词两种词性。常见的有：early,straight,slow,enough,fast,hard,long,firm等。形容词和副词的词序：enough用作形容词修饰名词时，可前可后；用作副词修饰形容词或副词时，只能位于之后。例：enoughtime/timeenough;strongenough。形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置，somethingimportant。as,how,so,too修饰单数名词时，其词序为：as/how/so/too+adj.+a/an+n.，toolargearoom;howinterestingafilm;MikeisascleveraboyasTom。such修饰单数名词时，其词序为：such+a/an+adj.+n.，suchalargeroom;但名词前是one,some,many,all,no等修饰时，其词序为：one/some/many/all/no+such+adj.+n.。多个形容词作定语时的词序为：县官行令宴国才一一限定词＋描绘性形容词＋大小、长短、上下等形容词＋新旧＋颜色＋国家、地区＋材料＋用途＋被修饰名词。限定词包括：前位限定词，如：倍数词、分数词及all,both,half,double等；中位限定词，如：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、所有格及some,any,no,every,each,either,neither,enough,much,whose等；后位限定词，女如基数词，序数词及little(表示少)，few,last,next,other,another,more,less,most,several,least,plentyof等不定量代词；限定词的排列顺序：前位+中位+后位+中心词。倍数的表示法:Aisntimes'biggerthan[B.asbigasJthesizeofJohnhasfivetimesasmanybooksasmine.形容词和副词的比拟等级：⑴当A>B时，比拟级+than⑵当A>B，且B包含A时Heisolderthananyoftheotherboys(=anyotherboy)inhisclass.当A>B，但B不包含A时Heisricherthananyofthepeoplehere.I'mtallerthananystudentofyourclass.比拟级+and+比拟级：表示自身的变化The+比拟级，the+比拟级：表示随之变化。“否认词＋谓语＋比拟级〞相当于最高级I'veneverseenanicerbirdthanthisone.Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.常见的无比拟级、最高级的形容词和副词有：cpmparative(ly),relative(ly),particular(ly),special(ly),excellent(ly),extreme(ly),perfect(ly),complete(ly)等。more+原级+than:与其说…不如说…。可以修饰比拟级的副词有：any,even,far,much,rather,still,yet,abit,alittle,alot,byfar,但不可加very,many,more,fairly,quite(但quitebetter除夕卜)。形容词和副词的成分区别：不能作定语的形容词(大多数以a开头)：afraid,alike,alive,alone,ashamed,asleep,awake,ill,well,假设要作定语，那么分别改用frightened,similar,living,lone,shy,sleeping,waking,sick,healthy;有时这些形容词也可以作定语，但一般作后置定语。作状语一般用副词，但有时形容词可作伴随状语。Hehurriedhome,fulloffear./Allmenallcreatedequal.三、题型归纳一一语境、语境+语法型单项填空在题干上附加一些语言信息，将词法、句法等知识融入到语境之中，使试题语境化，其特点是：如果单独看空白和选项，各个选项都是正确的。然而，将题干和选项联系起来考虑，就只有一个最正确选项。常见

的题型有：(1)对话语境；运用对话语境命题是高考的一种趋势，应该正确理解对话双方的语气、时态、语态，从而确定正确的选项；(2)句中的语境：有些试题选项中的一个或几个好似都适用这个问题，但是，根据句子的语境的意义，就可判断出只有一个是最正确答案；(3)动词的时态和语态，情态动词及语气，形容词和副词的级。Why?Tom,yourshirtissodirty?Mom,Imystoreroomdownstairs.A.cleanedB.havecleanedC.wascleaningD.havebeencleaningIthinkGorgedoesn'treallycareforTVplays.Right,hestillwatchestheprogram.A.andB.butC.orD.soIfyoucan'tcometomorrow,we'llhavetoholdthemeetingnextweek.A.yetB.evenC.ratherD.justI'mgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtoyourbrotherthere?A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takeWearesureeverythingherebythetimeyoucomebackfromabroadinafewyears.A.hadchangedB.willhavechangedC.hadbeenchangedD.willhavebeenchangedHello,you323-65668.I'msorrybutI'munabletoansweryourcallrightnow.A.reachedB.arereachingC.havereachedD.hadreachedThemeetingisnotover,andyounotleave.A.willB.shallC.mayD.needHadIlearntEnglishwell,Itheinterviewforthejobtomorrow.A.wouldtakeB.wouldhavetakenC.shalltakeD.couldbetakenBobishonestboy,andhewon'ttelllies.A.mostB.themostC.amostD.verymuchWiththedoctor'streatment,Sallyfeelsbetternow.A.veryB.fairlyC.soD.quiteThoughtheshipsunk,allthepeopleonherberesuced.A.couldB.shouldC.hadtoD.wereabletoWewillallappreciateyoucancometojoinusindevelopingmyhometown.A.thatifB.itifC.itthatD.thatwhenhesaidtousyesterdaytrue?A.Whatcan,wasB.Thatcan,wasC.Canwhat,beD.Canthat,beHetoldmethathewouldrememberthedaysinBeijingUniversityforeverhegotmuchhelptherefromProfessorZhu.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.wheniswhathedid,notwhathesaid,thatmovedusgreatly.A.ItB.ThisC.WhichD.As1-5DBDBD6-10BBACD11-15DBCDA第5讲一、Languagepoints1.「sth:与致/符合彳sb：同意某人Iwithone'sidea/opinion同意某人的意见Iwhatsbsaid(观点，所说的话)toon'splan/arrangement/suggestion同意某人的方案、安排、意见about/on/uponsth同意做某事todosththat-clause2.remindsbof/aboutsthtodosththat-clause2.remindsbof/aboutsthtodosththat-clause提醒使人回忆起…3.-add…to…:把…加上(在)…*addto=increase:增添，增进.8.9.10消11121314v.o)：加(起来是)，总计达…n.(U)成功，(C)成功者/事successfula.successfullyad.v.in(doing)sth]成功做某事ceedindoingsthesuccessindoingsthsthisasuccess.5tay/keep+intouchwith]表状态)utoftouchwithintouchwith:■表动作成功做某事caseof+短语icase+从句innocase决不inanycase无论如何inthatcase如果那样无价的（vi）+"to…：对…回应with/by：以…（方式）答复，响应(n.)goodtosb/sthout：（家族、物种等）死光，灭绝；（习俗、做法、观念）消失，过时；（火）熄灭away：（风、声音、光线等）逐渐停止（消失）down：（指炉火等）渐熄；（指骚动等）渐平息；（指闹声）ieoff：先后死去了；…死去ieof：死于内因（如疾病、年老、饥饿、情感等）iefrom：死于外因（如损伤、事故、天灾等）isa/theresultof：由于…saresult:结果，因此isultfrom：因…而引起isultin=cause:导致，致使…ikemeasurestodosth:采取措施lakeclothestoone'sownmeasure:量体裁衣ite：晚，迟，不久前itely=recently：近来ist：最后，最后的itest：最近的，最新的iter：后来；结构常为：一段时间+later：过了…之后dapttosth/sb:适应某物/某人daptsth/sbtosth/sb：使某物/某人适应某物/某人daptoneselfto：使自己适应某事daptfrom：根据…改写/改编dapt：指修改或改变以适应新条件Youshouldadaptyourselftthenewenvironment.djust：是指“调整、调节"使之适应Youcan'tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyest：多指“大小适合〃，引申为“吻合〃Theshoesfittedmewell.uit：多指“符合要求、口味、性格、情况'‘等

Nodishsuitsalltaste.match:指“大小、色调、形状、性质等〃相配或相称Aredjacketdoesn'tmatchgreentrousers.adoptsb：收养15sth:米用15卜doingsth卜doingsthlookforwardtobe/getusedtostickto/getdownto/objectto"广freeofchargeforfreebefreefrom'setsb/sthfree「byforce：靠武力，强行beinforce：生效come/gointoforce:生效forceone'sway:强行前进或进入18「It'sone'sturntodosth：轮到某人干某事takeone'sturn：依次，轮到某人“inturn：依次，轮流，反过来，转而byturns:轮流，交替'taketurns(at)doingsth/todosth:轮流干某事二、语法专题——介词的考点⑴表示时间常用介词的意义区别⑴表示时间‘at+时间点：在…时刻，在…点钟，在…岁时on+某天或某天的某个时间：在某日、星期几、某日早中晚等«in+时间段：在…期间，在…以后，在…时间内by+时间：在…之前，不迟于…，常与完成时连用表示方位表示部位r表示方位表示部位ron+thehead/shoulder/back/nose:表示拍打较硬或凸形的部位'in+theface/ear/stomach/eye::表示拍打较软或凹形的部位by+thearm/hand/nose:表示牵、拉、抓某部位表示之间：between/among表示方式by：乘…(交通工具)，通过…(方法)，常接无冠词名词或动名词with:以…工具/手段，用身体某部位，常接带冠词的具体某工具in：表示表达的方法、媒介、工具、材料等through:通过…途径防式/方法表示穿越through:表示从物体里面穿过，还可表示沿着街道、河流走across:表示从物体外表经过，还可表示横过街道、河流over:表示从物体上方越过，还可表示挎在肩上“介词＋关系代词〞引导的定语从句with的复合结构含有介词的固定搭配有无冠词，意义不同infrontof/inthefrontofinchargeof/inthechargeofoutofquestion/outofthequestionattable/atthetableonearth/ontheearth有无介词，意义不同knowsb.认识某人/knowaboutsb.了解某人shootsb.击中某人/shootatsb.向某人射击searchsb.搜身/searchforsb.搜寻某人believesb.相信某人的话/believeinsb.信任某人的人格benefitsb.使某人受益/benefitfromsb.从某人那里得到益处

不要画蛇添足servefOrthepeople为人民效劳enterintotheroom进入房间followbehindme跟在我后面atthemoment就…this/that/last/nextyear今年/那年/去年/明年one/any/each/every/some/allyear一年/任何一年/每年/每年/某年/全年marryWithsb.与某人结婚gotoabroad出国liveinupstairs住在楼上不要张冠李戴becaughtintherain被雨淋着〔不用by〕leaveforsomeplace动身去某地〔不用to〕setanexampletosb为某人树立典范〔不用for〕inthedirection朝着…方向〔不用to〕doafavorforsb帮某人一个忙〔不用to〕differentfrom和…不同〔不用with〕withthehelpof在…的帮助下〔不用under〕stealsthfomsb偷某人的东西〔不用of〕别丢三落四dropinonsb拜访某人〔别丢了on〕dropinatsomeplace参观某地〔别丢了at〕lookdownupon瞧不起〔别丢了upon〕thinkof…as认为…是〔别丢了of〕lookon…as认为…是〔别丢了on〕rxplaintosbsth向某人解释某事〔别丢了to〕frombehindthedoor从门后面〔别丢了behind〕beworthlisteningto值得一听〔别丢了to〕三、题型归纳一一逻辑型单项填空这类题型主要从句子的形式、句子的意义来考查对英语句子的把握和理解情况，具体表现在主谓一致、意义一致、人称一致、非谓语动词及介词的逻辑主语一致等方面。QiongYaowithherworksverypopularwithusyoungpeople.A.beB.areC.wereD.becomeWhatIlikebest,totellyouthetruth,,inmyopinion,thebooksmybrotherboughtmeasmybirthdaypresentlastweek.A.areB.isC.haveD.existedTheteachertoldusthatpracticeperfect.A.makeB.makesC.madeD.makingHurryup,ifyoutherewithus.A.goB.willgoC.wouldgoD.couldgoAttheageofseven,.A.hisfatherdiedB.helosthisfatherC.hisdogfollowedhimD.hisparentsdivorced,hismothersawhimplayinggameswithotherchildren.A.OnhiswayhomeB.FromhisroomC.FromherofficeD.UnderhisnoseShehaslongbeenexpectingachancetostudyabroadandatlastshegot.A.itB.thatC.anotherD.oneIfastudentcanmakewhathasbeenlearnedwhetherinclassorfromsocialpractice,hewillmakesteadyprogress.A.hisownB.himC.himselfD.hisHeisoneofthestudentswho,I'msure,alwaysdobest.A.hisB.theirC.myD.one'sNeitherRosenorHenrylikestoattendthemeeting,?A.doessheB.doesheC.dotheyD.didyoumoreattention,thetreemaygrowbetter.A.GiveB.GivingC.GivenD.Togive

TOC\o"1-5"\h\zSomeonemusthavetakenitawaythismorning,?A.haven'ttheyB.hasn'theC.don'ttheyD.didn'theWhatdoyouthinkworrieshimsomuch?.A.Hedidn'tpasstheexamB.HisfatherisseriouslyillC.LosthisbikeD.WhatJimsaidjustnowMissWilson,whoseparentsareworkinginChina,isstudyinginPekingUniversitynow.A.eitherB.allC.bothD.noTheteacheraswellasanumberofstudentstoattendthepartyyesterday.A.wereaskedB.wasaskedC.wereaskingD.wasasking1-5DABBB6-10CDDBC11-15CDDCB第6讲1.一、Languagepoints1.keeparecordofkeeprecordsofbreak/beattherecordfor/in+比赛工程彳hold/keeptherecordof_^set(up)theworldrecordfor/in+比赛工程setupanewworldrecord_£makearecord/makerecordsIplay/putonarecord2.{sb/sth=besatisfiedwithsb/sthone'sdesires/hunger/thirsttheconditions

2.toone'ssatisfactionadj.:satisfying,satisfied,satisfactorytreat#adisease_sbtreatsb/oneself(tosth)Thisismytreat.Dutchtreat'explain/whispersthtosbv=explain/whispertosbsth、inawhisper=inwhispers；character:性格，人物，汉字、characteristic:特征，特点6厂troublesbtodobetroubledwithask/lookfortrouble『getintotroublefbeintroublegetoutoftrouble{havetrouble(in)doingsthhavetroublewithsthmaketrouble:闹事take(the)troubletodo：尽力/设法做…putsbtothetroubleofdoing:麻烦某人做…7.fturnonturnoffgive/handoutturnupyturndownturnaround/roundturnawayturnoverturnbackturnout(tobe)turntosb/sthturnin7.haddone过去7.haddone过去did/were现在onlyif…：只有，只要…ifonly:要是…该多好+彳would/shoulddo将来did/werefatonetime=onceattimes=sometimesatalltimes=always'atatime=eachtimeforatime=forsometimeatnotimeatthesametime卢upplysthtosb=supplysbwithsthtprovidesthforsb=providesbwithsth'offersbsth=offersthtosb|haveahabitofdoing|form/developthehabitofbeinthehabitofthemusic:临危不惧music=performmusic13/morethan:不仅仅，超过morethanone+n.(单)+V(单)：不止一个Morethanonestudentlikesthisfilm.morethan+n/adj:远非，不仅仅是…Bambooisusedformorethanbuilding.nomorethan:只有，仅仅notmorethan=at(the)most:最多…，不超过…more…than…：与其说…不如说…Themanismorebravethanwise.thenexttime时间名词短语用作附属连词，引导时间状语从句，此外，thefirsttime,everytime,eachtime,themoment,theminute,thesecond。二、语法专题一一动词和动词短语的考点动词和动词短语的考查重点是放在特定语境中的辨析几组常考的动词短语平getalong：离开，进展，继续getacross:越过，使…让人理解getaway:逃走，逃避，得以离开getback:回来，取回getdown:记下，吞下冬getoff：下车（飞机），下班geton：上车getin：上车，收割，到站，插话getup:起床，站起，（风）变猛烈getthrough：（）接通，通过，用完，完成Igettogether:聚会，收集2ftakeaway:拿走，带走，消除（病痛等），减去takedown:取下，记下，拆掉，吞下，病倒[takeout:拔掉，切除，带（某人）出去，获得takeoff：脱掉，起飞，成功"takeup:占据（时间或空间），以…作为爱好或消遣，从事3/breakaway（from）:逃掉，脱离，改掉breakdown：出故障，失败，中断+breakin：突然进来，插嘴breakinto：强行进入，插嘴、breakout：突然发生，爆发breakup：解散，结束，破裂，绝交4/comeabout：发生comeacross：(偶然)遇见comeon（upon）:偶然碰见，出现comeon：来吧，快点，加油comealong：一道去comein：到来，进来，上市comeout：出来，出版，有…结果comeover:来访，产生comeround：来访，到来'cometo：来到，合计，苏醒，谈到5.pickout：挑选，找出'pickup:拿起，捡起，收拾，学会；（用车）来接，去取：改良，改善，重新开始，继续，感染（疾病，坏习惯）6/giveaway:赠，送，泄露，出卖giveback:归还，送回givein：屈服，让步，投降“giveoff：发出（蒸汽，光等）giveout：分发，耗尽，筋疲力尽，发出（气味，热等）■■giveup：放弃7（cutdown：砍倒，削减，压缩寸cutin：插入，插话，插队cutoff：切断，隔断，断绝"cutout:剪成，戒掉8.严ake…into（outof）…：使…成为（变成）…make…of（from）…：由…制成…（多用被动式）makefor：往…去，有助于"makeit：及时赶到，成功，做成makeout：理解，看清，填写，假装makeup:构成，编写，编造，和解，弥补,凑足，准备好四处看9/lookabout/around:环顾四周,lookafter:照顾，照料lookat：看，注视四处看lookdownon/upon:看不起lookfor：寻找lookforwardto：期盼(to为介词)lookinto:调查Alooklike:看起来像，似乎要lookout：向外看，留神，找出lookover:审阅，翻阅，检查lookthrough:翻看，浏览lookto：注意，负责,lookup：查阅，看望lookupto：尊敬11十bringabout:引起，导致bingback:送还，带回，使想起bringdown：降低〔温度，价格〕bringon：带来，引起bringout：取出，显示出，衬托出，出版，推出〔作品〕bringthrough:使渡过〔困难，危机〕Kbringup：提出，培养，呕吐12yCallat：访问〔某地〕callaway:叫走，转移〔注意力〕callback:唤回，回callfor：去取〔某物〕，去接〔某人〕，要求，号召jcallin：叫来，召集calloff：叫走，转移开，取消callon:造访〔某人〕call(up)onsbtodosth:叫〔请〕某人做某事，号召某人做某事.callout:大声叫〔喊〕callup：〔给…〕打14fgoback:回去，回忆，回溯goby：〔从…〕旁边经过，〔时间、时机〕过去，以…为依据godown:下落，下降，减弱goinfor：参加〔考试，比赛〕，从事〔职业〕，爱好fgointo：到达，进入，从事，调查goout:出去，出国，熄灭goover:复习，演习，检查gothrough:通过，检查，审查，查找，经历，做完，用完Jgoup：上升，上涨-holdback:阻止，忍住holdout:支持，坚持Iholdto：抓紧，坚持Vholdup：竖起，阻碍，延误catch/get/seize/takeholdof：抓住<keepholdof：抓住，握住16-putaway:收拾，放弃，消除，存蓄putdown:放下，写下，使下车，镇压putoff：推迟，推脱，使不快乐“puton：穿，戴，上演，装〔样子〕，开〔电、灯〕，增加putout：扑灭，生产，发表，使不快乐'■putup:举起，撑起，架起，张贴17.letabout:开始或着做某事〔+n./doing,'setout：动身，开始，想要〔+todo,'setup：建立，仓U立，树立三、题型归纳一一交际型单项填空英语交际型试题主要考查社会交往中一些常用的日常交际用语，考查方式多以应答为主，提问为辅，并以跨文化交际中中英交际文化差异明显的交际工程为重点对象。主要包括对请求、建议的答复，对祝愿的答复，对抱歉的答复，对感谢、观点的答复。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHelpyourselftosomeapplesandgrapes,please..A.Yes,ofcourseB.ThankyouC.That'srightD.Yes,Iwill.Manyhappyreturnsoftheday!.A.ThesametoyouB.Me,tooC.ThankyouD.Don'tbepoliteI'msorrybutIdidn'tmeantobreakit..A.WhynotbecarefulC.WhysocarelessC.BecarefulnexttimeD.You'retoofoolishThankyouforyourhelp..A.WithpleasureB.No,thanksC.It'smypleasureD.Ididn'thelpyoumuchBruceworksveryhard..A.SohedoesB.SodoesheC.It'sthesamewithyouD.SoyoudoAreyousureit'sgoingtosnowthisweekend?.A.Idon'tthinkB.IthinknotsoC.Idon'tthinkaboutitD.Idon'tthinksoHowdoyoulikeyourChineseteacher?---.A.HeisverykindB.Yes,IlikehimverymuchC.No,IdislikehimD.HeismuchbetternowI'llbeawayforafewdays.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermydog?Notatall..A.I'drathernotB.I'dbegladtoC.IhavenotimeD.I'dlikeit---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!Oh,I'mterriblysorry..A.I'mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven'tnoticedD.Idon'tnoticeHowoftendoyoueatout?,butusuallyonceaweek.A.HavenoideaB.I