人教版新课标2018-2019学年英语必修三第二单元单元检测练习含答案详解

综合能力测评Unit2本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。选择题部分I.阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）AOnemorningmorethanthirtyyearsago,IenteredtheTrackKitchen,arestaurantwhereeveryonefromthehumblest俄卑微的）tothemostpowerfulcameforbreakfast.Inoticedanemptychairnexttoanelderly,unshavenman,wholookedsomewhatdishevelled.Hewaswearingaworn-outhatandwasalone.IaskedifImightjoinhim.HeagreedquietlyandIsatdowntohavemybreakfast.Wecautiouslybeganaconversationandspokeaboutawiderangeofthings.Weneverintroducedourselves.Iwasconcernedthathemighthavenomoneyandnotbeabletoaffordsomethingtoeat.SoasIrosetogobacktothecountertobuyasecondcupofcoffee,Iasked,“MayIgetyousomething?”“Coffeewouldbenice.”ThenIboughthimacupofcoffee.Wetalkedmore,andheacceptedanothercupofcoffee.Finally,Irosetoleave,wishedhimwell,andheadedfortheexit.AtthedoorImetoneofmyfriends.Heasked,“HowdidyougettoknowMrGalbreath?”“Who?”“Themanyouweresittingwith.HeisthechairmanoftheBoardofChurchillDowns：'Icouldhardlybelieveit.Iwasbuying,offeringafreebreakfast,andfeelingpityforoneoftheworld'srichestandmostpowerfulmen!MyfewminuteswithMrGalbreathchangedmylife.NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andtomeetanotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincerity..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dishevelled"mean?A.Unfriendly.B.Untidy.C.Gentle.D.Kind..Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelafterhetalkedwithhisfriend?Proud.B.Pitiful.C.Surprised.D.Regretful.3.Whatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinthestory?A.Weshouldlearntobegenerous.Itishonourabletohelpthoseinneed.Peopleinhighpositionsarenotlikewhatweexpect.Weshouldavoidjudgingpeoplebytheirappearances.BItisaquestionthathasconfusedparentsfordecades:Whydochildrenrefusetoeatgreens?Now,twoAmericanexpertsbelievetheyhavetheanswer.Afterstudyingdozensofbabiesastheyplayedwithvariousobjects,theresearchersnotedthattheywerefarmoreunwillingtograspplantsthanotherthings.Theybelievethisisbecauseevolution（进化）hasbiologicallymadechildrenwaryofplants.Duetosusceptibility（敏感性）to川nessorinjuryintheearlyyearsoflife,thebodyhasdesignedaninnerdefencemechanism网部保护机制）thatlimitsachild'scontactwithplants,theythink.Theresearchersbelievethisiswhybabiesinthestudywereafraidofgrabbingplantsandwhychildrenturntheirnosesupwhenfacedwithaplateofbroadbeans（豆）.ThefindingsarepublishedinapaperbyDrAnnieE.WertzandDrKarenWynn,bothpsychologistsatYaleUniversity.Theywrote,"Throughouthumanevolution,plantshavebeenessentialtohumanexistence.Yet,forallofthesebenefits,plantshavealwayscausedveryrealdangers. ”“Plantsproducetoxins碍素）asdefencesthatcanbeharmful,orevendeadly.Someplantsalsoemployphysicaldefences,suchasthornsandpoisonousoilthatcandamagetissues织）andcauseeffectsoverthewholebody.Theyadded, “Wepredictedthatbabiesmayhavebehaviouralstrategiesthatreducetheirexposuretodangersposedbyplantsbyminimizingtheirphysicalcontactwithplants.Totesttheirtheory,theresearchersstudiedhowchildrenagedeighttoeighteenmonthsoldreactedwhenpresentedwithavarietyofobjects.Ittookmuchlongerforchildrentograbplants;objectsthatwerefakedtolooklikeplantsalsocausedaslowresponsetime.Forparentsattemptingtospoonsomepeasintothemouthoftheirchild,thisfindingshouldcomeasawelcomerelief.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “wary”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Curious.B.Afraid.C.Tired.D.Certain.Whatdidearlyhumansprobablydotosurvive?A．Theychosetomakemoreartificialthings.B．Theyforbadetheirchildrentotouchplants.C．Theychosetohavelittlecontactwithplants.D.Theytriedveryhardtoescapefrompredator^!食性动物）.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GivechildrenmorefunthingstodoB.Thesurvivalinstinct（本能）istoblameC．WhatkindofthingsarehealthyD．InfantsofeighttoeighteenmonthsoldCCookingprogrammesandclassesforchildrenseemtopositivelyinfluencechildren'sfoodpreferencesandbehaviours,accordingtoarecentreview.And,althoughthereviewdidn'tlookatlong-termeffectsofsuchprogrammes,thefindingssuggestthatsuchprogrammesmighthelpchildrendeveloplong-lastinghealthyhabits.Thisresearchcomesatatimewhenchildhoodobesityrateshavebeenrisingrapidly.Morethanone-thirdofadolescents借少年）intheUnitedStateswereobesein2012,accordingtotheUSCentresforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）.Thistrendhasbeencaused,atleastinpart,byasignificantdecreaseinthequantitiesofmealsthatpeopleconsumeathomesincethe1980s,accordingtobackgroundinformationinthestudy.Cookingeducationprogrammes,suchasFoodExplorers,teachchildrenaboutnewhealthyfoodsandhowtopreparethem.Theyalsostresstheimportanceofeatingfivekindsoffruitandvegetableseveryday.Avolunteerparentexplainsanewfoodtothegroup,andthekidsmakesomethingbasedonthelesson,suchasfruitorvegetablesalad.Dependingontheprogramme,kidsmaybesenthomewithinformationabouthealthyfoodstobringtotheirparents,thereviewexplained.Thestudyteamreviewedeightotherstudiesthattesteddifferenttypesofcookingeducationprogrammes.Childrenintheseclasseswerebetweenfiveandtwelveyearsold,accordingtothereview.Thegoalofthestudyteamistolearnmoreaboutdevelopinganefficientprogrammetoencouragehealthyfoodchoicesthatlastalifetime.Thestudyfoundthatitisparticularlyimportanttoexposekidstohealthyfoodsonanumberofoccasions.Thismakesthemfeelcomfortablewiththenewfoods,whichhelpsthembuildhealthyhabits.Thestudystressedtheimportanceofgettingparentsinvolvedin（参与）theirchildren'seatinghabits.Parentswhoareunabletoenrolltheirkidsinacookingclasscanachievesimilarbenefitsbyhavingtheirkidshelpthemwhiletheypreparemealsathome.Childrenaremorecomfortableathome,whichmakesthemmorereceptivetonewfoodsbecausetheywillmaketheconnectiontoapositiveexperience.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Childhoodobesityistotallycausedbyeatinghabits.Eatingoutfrequentlycausesobesity.Childhoodobesityrateshavebeenrisingrapidlysince2012.Foodconsumptionhasdecreasedsignificantlysincethe1980s.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothestudy?A.Parentsshouldlettheirkidscookindependentlyathome.Childrenwhoparticipateincookingprogrammesarelesslikelytobecomeobese.Agreaterwillingnesstotrynewfoodshelpsbuildhealthyhabits.Childrenwhotakecookingcoursesaremorelikelytochoosefruitandvegetables.Whichofthefollowingdoesthispassagebelongto?A.Educationsystems. B.Publichealthresearch.C.Paren-childrelationship. D.Scienceandtechnology.ThepurposeofthepassageisA.toinformthereaders B.toentertainthereadersC.todiscusswiththereaders D.towarnthereaders第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foodislife;itgivesusthenourishment（营养）weneedtostayaliveandbehealthy._1_1__BrianWansink,aprofessorattheUniversityofIllinois,sayswealsoeatcertainfoodsbecausetheymakeusfeelgood,andremindusofhappymemories.Wansinkcallsthiskindoffoodcomfortfood.Forsomepeople,icecreamisacomfortfood.Forothers,abowlofnoodlesmakesthemfeelgood.__12__ProfessorWansinkbelievesthatweconnectfoodwithimportanttimes,feelings,andpeopleinourlives.“WhenIwasachild,mymothermadedelicioussoup;Ilovedit._13__AndithelpsmefeelbettersaysoneofWansink'scoworkers.helpsmefeelbetterDomenandwomenchoosedifferentcomfortfoods?Wansink'sresearchattheUniversityofIllinoissays.fryhs""study,thefavouritecomfortforbothmenandwomenwasicecream.Afterthis,menusuallypreferredhot,deliciousfoodslikesoupornoodles.14Menandwomenliketoeatcomfortfoodswhentheyarehappy,butwomeneatthesefoodsmorewhentheyaresadorworried.15About40percentofthecomfortfoodinWansink'sstudywerehealthymaindishesorsoupandvegetables.Itshows,saysWansink,thatacomfortfoodcantastegoodandbegoodforyou.Notallcomfortfoodsarejunkfood.Wherecanwebuythissortoffood?Sweetfoodsarealsotheirpreferencebutnotthefavouritesofwomen.Howdoesafoodbecomeacomfortfood?Usually,weeatbecausewearehungryorneedenergy.Womenlikedsweetthingssuchaschocolateandcookies.Now,IoftenhavethiskindoffoodwhenIamtiredorworried.H.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Aboywaswalkinghomefromschoolwhenhesawalargeappleononeofthebranchesofanappletreehangingoveratallfence.Infact,theboydisliked__16,preferringabarofchocolateifgiventhechoice.However,astheysay,theforbiddenfruitcanbe__17__.Seeingtheapple,theboywantedit.Themorehelookedatit,the18__hefeltandthemorehewantedthatapple.Hestoodontiptoe,_19__ashighashecould,buteveninhistallest__20_hewasunabletotouchit.Hebeganto__21_upanddown,ashighashecould,atthe_22__ofeachjumpstretchinghisarmtogettheapple.Stillitremainedoutof_23.Notgivingup,hethought,ifonlyhehadsomethingto__24__on. Hisschoolbagwouldn'tgiveenoughheightandhedidn'twantto__25__thethingsinside,likehislunchbox,pencilcase,andbooks.Looking__26__2hehopedhemightfindanoldbox,arock,or,withluck,evenaladder,__27_itwasatidyneighbourhoodandtherewasnothinghecoulduse.Hehadtriedeverythinghecouldthinktodo. 28__seeinganyotherchoices,he 29__andstartedtowalkaway.Atfirsthefeltangryanddisappointedthinkingabouthowhungryhehad

becomefromhis30,andhowhereallywantedthatapple.Themorehe31__likethis,themoreunhappyhebecame.However,theboyofourstorywasaprettysmartguy,evenifhecouldn'talwaysget__32—hewanted.Hestartedtosay__33__himself,“Thisisn'thelpful.Idon'thavetheappleandI'mfeelingunhappyaswell.There's__34_moreIcandotogettheapplethatisunchangeable-butwearesupposedtobeableto__35__ourfeelings.Ifthat'sthecase,whatcanIdotofeelbetter16.A.fruitB.treesC.vegetablesD.sweets17.A.difficultB.dangerousC.attractiveD.healthy18.A.sadderB.angrierC.hungrierD.cooler19.A.hangingB.stretchingC.beatingD.pulling20.A.strengthB.lengthC.weightD.height21.A.lookB.jumpC.walkD.wave22.A.edgeB.stageC.topD.level23.A.hopeB.controlC.sightD.reach24.A.feedB.standC.sitD.hold25.A.breakB.shakeC.takeD.share26.A.throughB.forwardC.downD.around27.A.soB.butC.andD.yet28.A.AfterB.WhileC.WithoutD.Upon29.A.keptoffB.gaveupC.gotthroughD.turnedover30.A.lessonsB.gardenC.effortsD.school31.A.thoughtB.stoleC.ateD.learned32.A.whichB.whatC.howD.where33.A.withB.byC.inD.to34.A.somethingB.anythingC.ieverythingD.nothing35.A.changeB.expressC.forgetD.describe非选择题部分出.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Fatandoverweightyoungadultshave36.（bad）memoriesthanthosewhoarethin.(study)haveshownthathigherbodyweightinfluencesbothbrainstructureandtheability38. (perform)taskswell,mainlydecision-making,problem-solvingandfeelings.“39. (understand)whatdrivesoureatingandhowwecontroloureatingbehaviourisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantgiventheriseoffatnessinsociet，”y saidLucyCheke.“Weknowthatwetendtoeatmorewhenwatchingtelevision,andperhapsto‘comfort-eat’whenwearesad,forexample”.She40. (add)thatresearchersarenoticingthatmemoryisanotherimportantthing.“Howbrightlywerememberarecentmeal,forexampletoday'slunch,canmake41. differencetohowhungrywefeelandhowmuchwearelikelytoreachoutforthattastychocolatebarlateron，” shesaid.Forthestudy,theresearchersasked50members42. (age)18to35withdifferentBMIstotakeakindofmemorytest43. measuresmemory.ThehighertheBMI,thelowerthescoresonthetest.Researchontheroleofmemoryineatingsuggeststhatthismightharmtheirskilltousememorytohelpcontroleating.Inotherwords,becomingoverweightcouldmake44. hardertofollowwhatandhowmuchyouhaveeaten,45. (possible)makingyoumorelikelytoeatmore.IV.写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：应用文写作 (满分 15分)假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下：1．健康比漂亮更重要；2．学生要以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法；3．可通过多锻炼来保持身体健康，还要改变不良的饮食习惯；4．健康的心态也很重要。注意：1.短文必须包括所有的内容要点，可适当发挥；2．词数80左右；3．开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇： 心态stateofmindDearXiaoWang，Ihavereceivedandreadyourletter,inwhichyoumentionedthatyouwanttoloseweightbydieting. 第二节：概要写作 （满分 25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofadietplan.Openthecurtainsorturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessashamedwhenthey'reinpoorlylitplacesandsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolours.Researchsuggestswarmcoloursfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomate33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredone.Warmcolourslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreattractive,whilecoldcoloursmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit'stimetorepaint,goblue.Don'tforgettheclockortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercaloriespermealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes,andwhileyou'reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargerspoonoverasmallerone,totalintake（摄入量）jumpsby14percent.Andwe'llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyone.综合能力测评 Unit2答案.第一节A【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者见到一个很不起眼的人，但他却是位董事长，通过这件事作者告诉我们不要以貌取人。.B词义猜测题。从前面的“…anelderly,unshavenman…”以及后面的“Hewaswearingaworn-outhat…”可推出dishevelled是“不整洁”的意思，故选B项。C推理判断题。从文章的“ Icouldhardlybelieveit.Iwasbuying,offeringafreebreakfast,andfeelingpityforoneoftheworld'srichestandmostpowerfulmen”可知选C项。D写作意图题。从文章最后一句话 “NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andtomeetanotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincehtyM知选D项。B【文章大意】 研究发现， 是人类的生存本能和生物学的机制使得孩子们不愿意接触植物，也不愿吃蔬菜。B词义猜测题。从上下文来看，孩子们不愿意碰触植物，也不愿意吃蔬菜，是因为从生物学上看他们“害怕”植物。C细节理解题。根据文章可知，许多植物为了抵抗掠食者，会产生毒素或者生长出一些抵抗的器官。这些对于早期的人类来说是有威胁的，甚至是致命的，因此为了生存，人们产生了内在的抵抗机制，即尽量少地接触植物。B主旨大意题。研究发现，是人类的生存本能和生物学的机制使得孩子们不愿意接触植物，也不愿意吃蔬菜，故 B项最符合题意。C【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了对孩子进行烹饪教育能帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯。B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ Thistrendhasbeencaused,atleastinpart,byasignificantdecreaseinthequantitiesofmealsthatpeopleconsumeathomesincethe1980s”可知，美国青少年肥胖的人数越来越多的主要原因是人们在家吃饭的次数减少，而在外面就餐的次数增多，故选 B。C细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的 “Thismakesthemfeelcomfortablewiththenewfoods,whichhelpsthembuildhealthyhabits.可知，孩子们愿意尝试新食品能帮助其养成健康的”饮食习惯，故选 C。B推理判断题。根据第一段的“…accordingtoarecentreview.”和全文内容可知本文是一篇关注孩子饮食习惯的调查，故选 B。．A写作意图题。文章主要介绍了对孩子进行烹饪教育能帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯，冉结合最后一段的“Thestudystressedtheimportanceofgettingparentsinvolvedin（与）theirchildren'seatinghabits：'可知本文的目的是让读者了解这些。故选A。第二节【文章大意】 食物不仅能给我们提供营养，还可以给我们的情感以慰藉。E根据下一句“…wealsoeatcertainfoodsbecausetheymakeusfeelgood,andremindusofhappymemories:'可知此处说的是吃食物的原因之一， 故E项与此意思相符。D根据第——段中的comfortfood和第二段中“…weconnectfoodwithimportanttimes,feelings,andpeopleinourlives：可知本段主要讲述的是食物是怎么慰藉人的情感的，故D项与此相符。G根据空前的"‘…Ilovedit.'”及空后的“‘Andithelpsmefeelbetter,'可知空格处说的是现在的状况。F根据空格前“…menusuallypreferredhot,deliciousfoodslikesoupornoodles：可知空格处谈论的是女性普遍喜爱的食物类型。A根据空格后“ About40percentofthecomfortfoodinWansink'sstudywerehealthymaindishes…”可知此处说的是这些食品是否为健康食品，因此 A项意思与此符合。n.【文章大意】本文通过一个小男孩没有摘到苹果的故事告诉我们这样一个生活哲理：有些事是无法改变的，但我们能够改变自己的心态。A这里表示事实上他不喜欢吃水果， 故选A项。fruit水果；tree树；vegetable蔬菜；sweet糖果。C句意：然而，按他们所说的， 禁果是吸引人的。 根据语境可知选 C项。difficult困难白dangerous危险的；attractive吸弓I人的；healthy健康的。C根据下文的“ Atfirsthefeltangryanddisappointedthinkingabouthowhungryhehadbecomefromhis…”中出现的hungry一词可判断，此处选择hungrier,表示“他越看那个苹果就越觉得肚子饿”，故选C项。sad悲伤的；angry生气的；hungry饥饿的；cool凉快的。B为了够到那个苹果，小男孩踮起脚尖，尽可能把身体伸展到最高的程度，故选 B项。hang挂；stretch伸展，延伸；beat打败；pull拉。D小男孩是站着伸手去够苹果的，因此此处指的是身体的高度，不是力量、长度或重量，故选D项。strength力气；length长度；weight重量；height高度。B小男孩站着够不到苹果，他开始上下跳跃，故选 B项。look看；jump跳；walk走；wave挥手。C每次跳到最高的时候，小男孩就伸长了胳膊去够苹果。atthetopof…在……顶部或顶端。故选C项。edge边缘；stage舞台；top顶部；level水平。D根据下文可知，小男孩最终没有够到苹果。 outofreach是固定短语，意为“够不着，达不到"。故选D项。hope希望；control控制；sight视野，景象；reach够着。B根据下文内容可知，小男孩没有放弃，他想如果自己踩在某些东西上面就能够到苹果了，故选B项。feed喂；stand站；sit坐；hold拿住。A小男孩身上背着书包，可他不想弄坏里面装的东西，故选A项。break弄碎；shake摇头；take拿走；share分享。D根据上下文内容可知， 为了找到能踩在脚下的东西， 小男孩四处张望， 故选D项。lookthrough浏览；lookforward向前看； lookdown向下看； lookaround四处张望。B但是这是一个整洁的社区，没有什么能用的，故选B项。so因此；but但是；and并且；yet然而。C小男孩尝试了所有的方法，但都没成功。在没有其他办法的情况下，小男孩只好放弃了，故选C项。after之后；while然而；without没有；upon一 就。B小男孩尝试了所有的方法，但都没有成功。小男孩只好放弃了，故选 B项。keepoff远离；giveup放弃；getthrough通过；turnover翻转。C根据上文可知，小男孩做了很多努力，因此耗尽了力气，觉得又累又饿，故选 C项。lesson课程；garden花园；effort努力；s