兰卡水厂锚杆施工专项方案(中英修改版)9-19

斯里兰卡阿塔纳水厂场平工程锚杆分项工程Sub-EngineeringofAnchorforSiteLevelingSpecificMethodStatement专项施工方案编制：PreparedBy:审核：ReviewedBy:批准：ApprovedBy:CMEC公司斯里兰卡阿塔纳水厂项目部Gampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme编制时间:2017年09月09日PreparationDate:September9th,2017目录ContentsTOC\o"1-2"\h\z\u第一节、编制依据01=1\*ROMANI.PreparationBasis、施工步骤03=2\*ROMANII.ConstructionArrangement一）、施工步骤031.ConstructionArrangement二）、劳动力组织安排032．ManpowerPlan三）、机械设备配置043.MechanicalEquipmentPreparation四）、主要仪器设备054.MainInstrumentandEquipment第三节、锚杆主要施工方法06=3\*ROMANIIIMainConstructionMethodofAnchor一）、总体方案061.OverallScheme二）、施工准备082.ConstructionPreparation三）、锚杆成孔工艺093.Bore-formingProcessofAnchor第四节、施工进度计划26=4\*ROMANIVConstructionProgressSchedule附图一、质量保证机构框架图32AttachedFigure-1FrameChartofQualityAssuranceOrganization附图二、安全保证机构框架图33AttachedFigure-2FrameChartofSafetyAssuranceOrganization、编制依据=1\*ROMANI.PreparationBasis阿塔纳水厂工程招标文件中关于场地平整的相关内容及相关技术条款。1.TherelevantcontentsandrelatedtechnicaltermsaboutSitePreparationincludedintheBiddingDocumentofGampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme.阿塔纳水厂工程场地平整设计施图、图说（送审版）。2.SitePreparationDrawingsandDesignDescriptionoftheSitePreparationofGampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme.(ApprovalVersion)阿塔纳水厂工程地质勘探报告及实地考察施工现场周边环境情况。3.ReportofGeologicalEngineeringExplorationforproposedWaterTreatmentPlantandon-the-spotinvestigationforthesurroundingenvironmentofsaidconstructionsite.4、中国现行国家标准、施工技术规范、规程、质量检验评定标准及验收方法、安全检测标准及技术规程、文明施工要求等。4.CurrentnationalstandardsinChina,technicalspecifications,procedures,qualityinspection,evaluationstandardsaswellasacceptancemethodsofconstruction,safetyinspectionstandardsandtechnicalregulations,civilizedconstructionrequirements,etc.《岩土锚杆与喷射混凝土支护工程技术规范》GB50086-2015TechnicalCodeforEngineeringofGroundAnchoragesandShotcreteSupportGB50086-2015《预应力筋用锚具、夹具和连接器》GBT14370-2015Anchor,GripandCouplerforPrestressedTendonsGBT14370-2015《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》JGJ46-2005TechnicalCodeforSafetyofTemporaryElectrificationonConstructionSiteJGJ46-2005、施工步骤=2\*ROMANII.ConstructionArrangement施工步骤1.ConstructionArrangement主要施工内容有：施工准备、锚杆孔定位及钻孔(含不良地质段固结灌浆处理)、锚杆加工编制、清孔下锚、锚固段注浆（含二次劈裂注浆）、锚杆腰梁及锚斜托浇筑、锚杆张拉、补充注浆及封锚等工作。Themainconstructioncontentsinclude:constructionpreparation,anchorholepositioninganddrilling(includingconsolidationgroutingtreatmentforpoorgeologicalsection),anchorprocessingpreparation,holecleaningandanchoring,groutingforanchoragesection(includingsecondarysplittinggrouting),concretepouringforintermediatebeamofanchorandanchorinclinedsupporting,anchortension,supplementarygroutingandanchorsealwork,etc.劳动力组织安排2.ManpowerPlan（1）根据工程的特点及施工组织设计的要求配备劳动定员及设置施工组织机构,主要劳动力组织见下表：（1）Asperthisprojectcharacteristicandrequirementofconstructionorganizationdesigntoarrangeworkersandsetupconstructionorganization.Mainmanpowerasfollows:序号S/N工种Position人数Qty主要工作内容MainWorkContent1施工员Engineer5负责测量放线、施工指导及质量控制Measureandsettingout,constructionguidanceandqualitycontrol2钻机司机Drillingrigdriver2锚固钻机操作Operateanchoragedrillingrig3砂浆搅拌工Mortarmixworker2搅拌桶操作Mixbucketoperation4锚索工Anchorcableworker4负责锚索安装Anchorcableinstallation5综合辅助工Comprehensiveassistantworker8负责辅助作业Normalwork6电工Electrician2负责施工中涉电作业Electricityoperation7钢筋工Steelbarworker8负责钢筋制作、绑扎、安装作业Steelbarfabrication,bindingandinstallation8模板工Formworker13负责模板制作、安装、加固作业Formworkfabrication,installationandstrengthening锚杆施工组织机构：(2)Constructionorganizationofanchor:现场技术负责人：刘涛；生产负责人：胡延辉；Sitetechnicalincharge:LiuTaoSiteengineer:HuYanhui专职质量检查：李庆东；Specialqualityinspector:LiQingdong3、主要机械设备3.MainMechanicalEquipment预应力锚杆施工进场的主要机械设备如表1所示Themainmechanicalequipmentpreparedforprestressedanchorconstructionareshowninfigure-1below.表1锚杆施工配备机械设备表Figure-1MechanicalEquipmentListforAnchorConstruction机械名称EquipmentName规格型号SpecificationandModel数量Qty备注Note锚固钻机Anchoragedrillingrig优博林868型Youbolin（Type868）2台2nos.注浆设备GroutingequipmentBLW-130型搅浆桶MortarmixingbucketwithtypeBLW-1302套2sets含不良地质段处理Includingthetreatmentforpoorgeologicalsection空压机Aircompressor12m3柴油12m³Diesel1套1set备用Standby发电机Generator250KW2套2sets备用Standby泥浆泵MudpumpBW1501套1set双作用空心千斤顶DoubleactinghollowjackRRH--6065套5sets混凝土施工设备Concreteconstructionequipment3套3sets材料运输车Transportvehicleformaterial5T2辆2nos.其他设备Otherequipment据需要配置Preparedasperneeds锚杆辅助施工Aidedanchorconstruction木工圆盘锯Woodworkingcircularsaw380V、7.5KW1台1set模板制作Formworkfabrication钢筋断钢机Steelbarcuttingmachine380V、3.8KW1台1set钢筋加工Steelbarprocess钢筋切割机Steelbarcutter380V、2.5KW1台1set钢筋加工Steelbarprocess钢筋弯箍机Steelbarbender380V、3.8KW1台1set钢筋加工Steelbarprocess电焊机Electricweldingmachine380V、3.8KW1台1set钢筋加工Steelbarprocess木工手提圆盘锯Woodworkingportablecircularsaw220V.1.5KW8台8nos.模板加工Formworkprocess4、主要仪器设备4.MainInstrumentsandEquipment预应力锚杆施工配备的主要仪器如表2所示InstrumentsListforanchorconstructionareshowninfigure-2below表2主要测量、试验、质检、监测仪器设备表MainInstrumentsforMeasurement,Test,QualityInspectionandMonitoringList序号NO.设备名称InstrumentName厂牌及规格型号Brand,SpecificationandModel数量Qty备注Note1全站仪TotalStationSET230RK、NTS302R+1锚孔定位Anchorholepositioning2水准仪WaterLevelC32II、DSZ21350m钢尺SteelTape(50m)34磨光机PolishingMachine25试样切割机SampleCuttingMachine16砂浆稠度仪MortarConsistometer17电动重型击实仪ElectricHeavyCompactionApparatus电动electrictype18其它仪器OtherInstrument根据需要配置Preparedasperneeds第三节锚杆主要施工方法=3\*ROMANIII.MainConstructionMethodofAnchor、总体方案1.OverallScheme锚杆施工与边坡开挖施工同步进行，上层边坡支护施工完成，开挖至预应力锚杆施工位置后，及时组织进行腰梁及预应力锚杆施工，完成边坡防护，减少边坡暴露时间。Theanchorconstructionshallbeperformedsimultaneouslywiththeslopeexcavation.Afterthecompletionofsupportingconstructionofupperslope,excavatingtotheconstructionlocationofprestressedanchor,thencarryingouttheconstructionofintermediatebeamandprestressedanchorandfinishingsupportingworkforslopeinordertoreduceexposuretimeofslope.、准备工作：机具配备质量和数量，人员配置数量和结构等必须与预应力锚杆施工相适应，满足施工需要；完成原材料进场及试验检测；完成施工技术方案、开工报告等技术资料的编写、上报和审批，技术交底资料的下发学习，原材料送检、报批手续及资料收集。1).PreparationWork:Thequalityandquantityofequipmentpreparationtogetherwiththequantityandstructureofhumanresourcearrangementmustbecompatiblewiththeconstructionofprestressedanchortomeettheconstructionneeds;Completingtheapproachandtestofrawmaterials;Completingthepreparation,submittingandapprovalofrelatedtechnicaldocumentsincludingconstructionprogramandconstructionstartingreport,etc;Issuingtechnicalinformationtostaffforstudy;Conductingrawmaterialsinspection,approvalproceduresanddatacollection.、锚杆施工顺序：锚杆施工按从上到下（可根据现场情况适当调整）分序加密的原则进行施工。锚杆施工平面布置详见附图（一）（以从上至下为例）所示，然后及时进行后续各工序的施工。2).ConstructionSequenceofAnchor:Theanchorconstructionshallbeconductedfromthetoptothebottom(someproperadjustmentcanbemadeaccordingtotheactualsituation)undertheprincipleofsequenceanddenseness.Groutleakingbetweenanchorholesshallbeavoidedinordertopreventtheseriousimpactonconstructioneffect.SeeAttachment1fordetailedPlanofAnchorArrangement(taketheconstructionorderfromthetoptothebottomasexample).Thefollowingvariousconstructionworkshallbecarriedouttimely.、施工准备2.ConstructionPreparation2.1、锚杆的简述2.1BriefIntroductionofAnchor2.1.1、锚杆长度：15.0～20.0m，锚杆锚固长度5～8m,以进入原混凝土基础顶向下不少于1.0m控制。2.1.1.Lengthofanchor:itslengthshallbe15.0～20.0mandtheanchoragelengthshallbe5～8m.Thedepththattheanchorhackedintotheoriginalconcretefoundationshallbenotlessthan1m.2.1.2、锚杆入射角度：25度2.1.2InjectionDegree:25degree2.1.3、锚杆直径：150mm2.1.3Diameterofanchor:150mm2.1.4、锚杆：采用钢绞线¢s17.8-1860执行标准GB/T5224-2014，锚杆规格采用绞线3¢s17.8-1860、绞线2¢s17.8-1860；沿锚杆长度每隔2000mm，采用Φ48*3.5mm钢管制作定位隔离支架；2.1.4Anchor:Thesteelstrandwiththespecificationandmodelof¢s17.8-1860shallbeselectedinlinewiththeoperativenormofGB/T5224-2014.Thespecificationofanchorhastwotypesincluding3¢s17.8-1860and2¢s17.8-1860.ThesteelpipewithΦ48*3.5mmshallbeusedtomakepositioningisolationstentalongthelengthofanchorevery@2000mm.2.1.5、锚具：锚具（M17-2,2孔）≥设计值340KN，与钢绞线2¢s17.8-1860配套，锚具（M17-3,3孔）≥设计值380KN，与钢绞线3¢s17.8-1860配套，执行规范GB50086-2015。2.1.5Anchorage:ThedesignedstrengthofM17-2anchoragewith2holesshallbeequalormorethan340KNwhichmatchwiththatsteelstrandwith2¢s17.8-1860;ThedesignedstrengthofM17-3anchoragewith3holesshallbeequalormorethan380KNwhichmatchwiththatsteelstrandwith3¢s17.8-1860.TwotypesanchoragesshallconformtotheoperativenormofGB50086-20、锚板：锚板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，锚板中间圆孔尺寸根据锚具圆孔确定（锚具3孔），垫板的圆孔外径等于锚具圆孔外边距；锚板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，锚板中间圆孔尺寸根据锚具圆孔确定（锚具2孔），垫板的圆孔外径等于锚具圆孔外边距。执行规范GB50086-20152.1.6Anchorplate:Thesizeofanchorplateshallbe300*300*25(mm).Thesizeofroundholelocatedatthecenterofanchorplateshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheroundholeofanchorage(with3holes).Theexternaldiameterofroundholeforinsertedplateshallbeequaltodimensionofthemarginofanchorage.Thesizeofanchorplateshallbe300*300*25(mm).Thesizeofroundholelocatedatthecenterofanchorplateshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheroundholeofanchorage(with2holes).Theexternaldiameterofroundholeforinsertedplateshallbeequaltodimensionofthemarginofanchorage.ThestandardofGB50086-2015

shallbecompliedwith.2.1.7、锚杆抗拔：待腰梁施工完毕立即进行养护，且腰梁、锚杆混凝土强度达到80%后才能进行锚杆抗拔实验检测；2.1.7Tensiletestingofanchor:Thecuringworkshallbecarriedoutatonceafterthecompletionofintermediatebeamconstructionandthetensiletestingofanchorcouldbeconductedaftertheconcretestrengthofintermediatebeamaswellasanchorupto80%.锚杆检测实验按下列规范进行：Theanchortestshallbeperformedconformingtothefollowingstandards:、锚杆成孔工艺3.Bore-formingProcessofAnchor锚杆施工工艺流程图：AnchoringConstructionProcessFlowChart3.1、技术参数：3.1TechnicalParameters:在土方开挖或回填施工的同时，留设锚杆工作面（锚位以下500mm）。预应力锚杆采用风动潜孔锤施工工艺，锚杆长度15～20m,锚杆锚固长度约5-8m。Reserveanchorworkingarea(500mmbelowanchoringpoint)whileexcavatingorbackfillingofearthwork.Air-drivendown-holehammerconstructiontechnologyshallbeadoptedforprestressedanchorwhoselengthis15-20mandanchoragelengthisabout5-8m.3.2、风动潜孔锤施工方法3.2.Air-drivenDown-holeHammerConstructionMethod3.2.1、根据设计图纸要求，测量人员测定锚杆孔的孔位，打入标桩，注明锚孔编号（详见附图一、二、三）。钻机安装好后，进行全面质量检查，检查钻机方位、倾角、水平度和开孔钻头落点差。检查合格后再进行施工。3.2.1Accordingtorequirementofdrawing,surveyorsmeasureanddeterminethelocationofanchoragehole,hammereditintotherelevantpileandindicateserialnumberoftheanchorhole(seeAttachment1,2,3).Aftercompletingthedrillmachineinstallation,overallqualityinspectionshallbeperformedforposition,inclinationandlevelnessofthedrillandplacementdifferenceofopeningbit.Constructionshallbecontinuedaftertheinspectionispassed.3.2.2、锚孔采用风动潜孔锤钻孔施工，能有效地避免冲刷坡体，施工速度快。锚杆孔施工选用优博林868型锚固钻机，锚孔直径约φ150mm，设计锚孔深度为5-8m，与水平夹角25度成孔。3.2.2Adoptair-drivendown-holehammerforanchorholeconstructiontoeffectivelyavoidtheerosionoftheslope.Fastentheconstructionspeed.Adopttype868Youbolinanchoragedrillingrigforanchorholeconstruction.Thediameteroftheanchorholeisaboutφ150mm,thedesigneddepthoftheanchorholeis5-8m,25degreebore-formingwithhorizontalangle.3.2.3、锚孔钻孔技术参数根据所钻部位孔内地层情况确定。3.2.3Thetechnicalparameterofanchorholeisbasedonthegeologicalconditionofthedrilledlocation.3.2.4、钻压：钻孔过程中，钻压保持平稳，不得随意增减压力。3.2.4Drillingpressure:keepstablepressureduringdrillinganddon’tchangethepressurerandomly.3.2.5、转数：正常钻孔中，保持中等转数。松散土层及破碎岩石中采用低转数，完整基岩中钻孔中适当提高转数。3.2.5Revolvingspeed:keepmediumspeedinnormaldrillingproceed.Keeplowspeedfortheloosesoilandbrokenrock.Appropriatelyimprovethespeedforunbrokenbedrock.3.2.6、钻孔过程中，随时保证孔内排渣畅通，及时排出孔内岩渣。3.2.6Duringthedrillingproceed,removetheresiduetimelyandkeeptheinsideholesmooth.3.3、主要施工方法：3.3MainConstructionMethods3.3.1、坡面修整3.3.1CleanSurfaceofSlope锚杆施工前，首先用人工及时按照从上而下分层修坡。开挖至灌注桩桩身边缘时，每层开挖高度为锚杆上下横梁间距大小，严格控制超挖，直至开挖至下级平台，然后再开挖腰梁基础并施作锚杆。完成每层坡面开挖后，若为土质坡，及时用彩条布覆盖，防止雨水冲刷边坡。Beforeanchorconstruction,arrangemanpowertomodifytheslopesurfacetimelyfromtoptobottomlayerbylayer.Whenexcavatedtoedgeofthefillingpilebody,excavationheightofeachlayerisequaltothespacingbetweenintermediatebeams.Overexcavationisstrictlycontrolled.Intermediatebeamfoundationcanbeexcavateduntilexcavatingtothenextterrace,andcarryouttheanchorworking.Aftereachslopeexcavationcompleted,ifoccurredsoilslope,itshallbecoveredbytarpaulintoavoiderosionbyrain.3.3.2、施作锚孔3.3.2AnchorHoleDrilling锚孔在腰梁基础开挖完成，并经坡面地质条件确定能满足锚杆施工要求后进行。Anchorholeshallbedrilledaftercompletingfoundationexcavationofintermediatebeamandensuringthatgeologicalconditionofslopecanmeettherequirementofanchorconstruction.3.3.3、锚孔测放3.3.3AnchorHoleMeasureandSettingout根据实际坡面，先按设计布置要求，将锚孔位置准确测放在坡面上，并用红油漆在现场施工部位标明锚杆开孔位置（详见附图一）。如遇坡面不平顺或特殊困难场地时，须经设计单位认可，在确保坡体稳定和结构安全的前提下，适当调整锚孔定位。对测放并验收合格的锚孔位置进行编号，并用油漆标示在现场坡面上，该编号作为锚杆制作编号的依据。Basedonexistingslopesurface,positionofanchorholeshallbemeasuredandsetoutexactlyandmarkedbyredpaintattheconstructionpointaccordingtodesignedarrangement(seeAttachment1fordetails).Ifunevenslopesurfaceorspecialgeologicalconditionoccurred,adjustpositionofanchorappropriatelyonpremiseofgettingapprovalfromdesignunitandensuringstabilityoftheslopeandsafetyofthestructure.Positionofanchorholeswhichhavebeenmeasured,setoutandverifiedshallbenumberedandmarkedontheslopesurfacewithpaint.Theserialnumbershallberegardedasanchoragemakingevidence.3.3.4、钻孔设备3.3.4DrillingEquipment为提高钻孔效率和保证钻孔质量，钻孔机具采用优博林868型锚固钻机，潜孔冲击成孔。Inordertoimprovedrillingefficiencyandguaranteedrillingquality,type868Youbolinanchoragedrillingrigshallbeadoptedtodrill.3.3.5钻机就位3.3.5PositionofDrillingMachine根据坡面准确测放锚杆孔位，准确安装固定钻机，并严格认真进行机位调整，确保锚孔开钻就位纵横误差、高程误差、钻孔倾角和方向、方位符合中国规范标准。Exactlymeasureandsetouttheanchoragepositionaccordingtoslope,accuratelyfixdrillingmachineandstrictlyadjustthemachine’spositiontoensurethedeviationinverticalandhorizontaldirectionandelevationconformtoChinesestandard.EnsurethedrillingangleanddirectioninaccordancewithChinesestandard.=1\*GB3①、钻孔方式=1\*GB3①DrillingMethods锚孔钻孔采用干钻，以确保锚固工程施工不至于恶化边坡岩土工程地质条件和保证孔壁的粘结性能，难以钻孔时方可采用水钻。Adoptdrydrillingmethodtoensurethatanchorageconstructionwillnotdeterioratethegeologicalconditionoftheslopeandguaranteetheadhesivepropertyoftheholewall.Waterdrillingmethodshallbeadoptedonlywhenitishardtodrill.=2\*GB3②、钻孔工艺=2\*GB3②DrillingProcess锚杆钻孔施工要加强钻机的导向作用，及时检测孔斜误差，合理采用纠偏措施，确保锚杆钻孔满足设计及规范要求。钻孔过程中对每个孔的地层变化，钻孔状态(钻压、钻速)、地下水及一些特殊情况作好现场施工记录。如遇地质情况与地勘报告不符出现不良钻孔现象时，须立即停钻，及时进行孔道固壁灌浆处理(灌浆压力0.1～0.2MPa)，待水泥砂浆初凝后，重新扫孔钻孔。Strengthenguideroleofdrillingmachineduringtheanchorholedrilling,checkdeviationerrorofholetimelyandadoptreasonablecorrectivemeasuretoensureanchorholemeetingdesignrequirementsandspecification.Thestratumchange,drillingstatus(drillingpressureandspeed),groundwaterandsomespecialcircumstancesduringthedrillingworkshallberecordedinsite.Ifgeologicalconditionsarenotmatchedwithgeologicalreportwhichcausingundesirabledrilling,stopthedrillingimmediately.Groutingforbracedholewall(groutingpressureas0.1～0.2MPa)shallbecarriedouttimely.Afterinitialsettingofcementmortar,cleantheholeandrestartthedrillingwork.渗水及塌孔的处理a.TreatmentofWaterSeepageandHoleCollapsing孔内有渗水时，在钻孔过程中或钻孔结束后吹孔时，从孔中吹出的都是一些小石粒和团粒而无粉尘，岩粉多贴附于孔壁。当锚孔深度已满足要求，则以高压风吹净，直至吹出清水。Duringdrillingorblowingholeafterdrilling,gravelandaggregatewithoutdustareblewoutfromholesifwaterseepageoccurredinhole,androckpowdergenerallyisattachedtoholewall.Whenthedepthofanchorholehasmettherequirements,blowtheholewithhigh-pressureairuntilwaterisblewout.塌孔、卡钻的处理b.TreatmentforHoleCollapsingandDrillSticking当钻孔穿越强风化岩层或岩体破碎带时，往往发生塌孔。出现此类现象进行固壁注浆，注浆压力采用0.5Mpa，浆液为水泥砂浆,24h后重新钻孔。雨天施工时，常常顺岩体破碎带向孔内渗流泥浆,固壁注浆前，必须用水和风把泥浆洗出(塌入钻孔内的石块不必清除)。Whendrilledweatheredrockandfracturerockzone,holecollapsingfrequently

occurred.Groutingforbracedwallbycementmortarwith0.5Mpaofgroutingpressureshallbeadoptedforthiskindofsituation.Drillingworkshallberestartedafter24hours.Mudoftenseepintoholealongfracturerockzoneduringworktimeinrainydays.Beforegroutingforbracedwall,mudmustbecleanedbywaterandair(noneedtoremovegravelwhichseepedintothehole)=3\*GB3③、孔径、孔深=3\*GB3③DiameterandDepthofHole钻孔孔径、孔深要求不得小于设计值（设计孔径150mm，孔深15～20m）。为确保锚孔直径，要求实际使用钻头直径不得小于设计孔径。为确保锚孔深度，要求实际钻孔深度大于设计深度0.2m以上，但不宜超出0.3m，当遇特殊地质情况时，可适当增加超钻深度，但不可超过500mm。Drillingdiameteranddepthshallnotlessthandesignedvalue(designholediameteris150mm,holedepthis15～20m).Inordertoensureanchorholediameter,theactualdiameterofdrillbitshallnotlessthandesignholediameter.Inordertoensureanchorholedepth,theactualdrillingdepthshallbemorethan0.2mofthedesigndepthbutnotexceed0.3m.However,incaseofspecialgeologicalcondition,drillingdepthmaybeincreasedappropriatelybutshallnotmorethan500mm.=4\*GB3④、锚孔清理=4\*GB3④CleanAnchorHole钻孔达到设计深度后，不能立即停钻，要求稳钻1～2分钟，防止孔底紧缩、达不到设计孔径。钻孔孔壁不得有沉碴及水体粘滞，必须清理干净，在钻孔完成后，使用高压风(风压0.2～0.4MPa)将孔内岩粉及水体全部清除出孔外。除相对坚硬完整的岩体锚固外，余均不得采用高压水冲洗锚孔。若遇锚孔中有承压水流出，待水压、水量变小后方可安装锚杆与注浆，必要时在周围适当部位设置排水孔处理。如果要求处理锚孔内部积聚水体，一般采用灌浆封堵二次钻孔等方法处理。Afterdrillingtodesigneddepth,drillingworkcannotbestoppedimmediatelyandkeepdrilling1-2mimutestoavoidinsufficientsizeofholeandnotuptothedesignedholediameter.Anydregsandwatercannotbeattachedonholewallandmustbecleanedoutofhole.Afterdrilling,blowtherockpowderandwateroutfromholewithhigh-pressureair(0.2～0.4MPa).Exceptforanchorageofintegrityandhardrock,therestanchorholescannotbewashedbyhigh-pressurewater.Iftheconfinedwaterflewfromanchorhole,anchorageandgroutingcouldbecarriedoutafterwaterpressureandvolumereduced,andsetupdrainageholeinsuitableplaceifnecessary.Ifitisrequiredtodealwithimpoundedwaterinanchorhole,groutingclosureandsecondarydrillingwillbeadopted.=5\*GB3⑤、锚孔检验=5\*GB3⑤AnchorHoleTest锚孔钻孔结束后，须经CMEC工程师检验合格后，方可进行下道工序。孔径、孔深检测采用标准钻杆在CMEC工程师旁站下进行，要求验孔过程中钻头平顺推进，不产生冲击或抖动，钻具验送长度满足设计锚孔深度，退钻要求顺畅，用高压风吹验不存明显飞溅尘碴及水体现象。然后用一根聚乙烯管复核孔深，并以高压风吹孔，待孔内粉尘吹干净，且孔深不少于锚杆设计长度时，拔出聚乙烯管，以织物或水泥袋塞好保护锚孔口待用。同时要求复查锚孔孔位、倾角和方位，全部锚孔施工分项工作合格后，即可认为锚孔钻造检验合格。锚孔检验项目允许偏差符合规范要求。Aftercompletionofdrillingwork,thenextprocedurecouldbecontinuedonlyafterinspectedandqualifiedacceptedbyCMECengineer.InspectionforholediameteranddepthshallbecarriedoutwithstandarddrillrodswiththewitnessofCMECengineer.Drillshallbepropelledsmoothlywithoutanyimpactandvibrationduringinspectionprocess;lengthofdrillingtoolshallmeetdesigneddepthofanchorhole.Drawingbackofdrillshallbecarriedoutsmoothly.Checkingwithhigh-pressureairblowingandnoanyobviousdustandwatershallbefound.Afterblowingupthedustinholeandthedepthofholeisnotlessthandesignedlengthofanchorage,polyethylenepipeshallbepulledoutandholeshallbecoveredbyfabricorcementbags.Position,inclinationanddirectionofanchorholeshallberecheckedatthesametime.Anchorholedrillingisregardedaspassedinspectionwhenalltheanchorholeconstructionworkitemisqualified.Allowabledeviationofanchorholeinspectionshallmeetthespecificationrequirements.3.4、钻孔质量保证3.4DrillingQualityAssurance严格掌握钻孔的方位，调正钻杆，符合设计的水平倾角，并保证钻杆的水平投影垂直于坑壁，经检查无误后方可钻孔。Strictlycontrolthepositionofhole,adjustdrillpoletomeetthedesignedhorizontalangleandguaranteethathorizontalprojectionofdrillpoleisperpendiculartopitwall.Aftergetqualifiedinspectioncancontinuetodrill.钻孔时应根据工程地质情况，控制钻孔速度。遇到障碍物或异常情况应及时停钻，待情况清楚后再钻孔或采取相应措施。钻孔深度大于锚杆设计长度200mm。Controldrillingspeedaccordingtogeologicalcondition.Drillingworkshallbestoppedintimewhentheobstaclesorabnormalconditionsoccurredandtakecorrespondingmeasuresassoonaspossibleafterchecking.Drillingdepthis200mmgreaterthanthedesignedanchorlength.3.5、锚杆采购及安装3.5AnchorPurchaseandInstallation预应力锚杆体由腰梁、自由段、锚固段和安全段四部分组成。采用压力分散型锚杆，钢绞线采用¢s17.8mm高强度低松弛预应力钢绞线。钢绞线沿锚杆体轴线方向每隔2m设置一道架线环，保证锚杆体保护层厚度不小于2cm。锚杆体采用人工安装，安装前，认真核对锚孔编号，确认无误后再用高压风吹孔，缓缓将锚杆体放入孔内，用钢尺量出孔外露出的钢绞线长度，计算孔内锚杆长度(误差控制在50mm范围内)，确保锚固长度。Prestressedanchorismadeupofintermediatebeam,freesegment,anchoragesectionandsafetysection.Adoptpressure-dispersedanchor.¢s17.8mmhighstrengthlowrelaxationprestressedsteelstrandshallbeused.Thesteelstrandisprovidedwithawireloopevery2malongtheaxisoftheanchor

toensuretheprotectivelayerthicknessofanchorbodyisnotlessthan2cm.Manpowershallbeadoptedforanchorbodyinstallation.Itshallbecheckedseriouslyforanchorholeserialnumberbeforeinstallation.Thenusehigh-pressureairtoblowtheholeafterconfirmed.Slowlyputtheanchorbodyintohole,usesteeltapetomeasurethesteelstrandlengthoutsidetheholeandcalculatetheinsideholeanchorlength(deviationcontrolledwithin50mm)toensuretheanchoragelength.首先按照设计要求长度切割钢绞线，用冷弯机将无粘结钢绞线弯曲成U型并固定在承载体上，然后按设计荷载体间距组装完成整个锚杆体。制作时注意，钢绞线不得相互缠绕并保证承载体位于钻孔中部。First,accordingtothedesignlengthrequirementstocutsteelstrand,bond-freesteelstrandshallbebentintoU-shapebyacoldbendingmachineandfixedonthebarrier,andthenassembledbythedesignoftheloadtocompletetheentireanchorbody.Notethatthesteelstrandshouldnotbeentangledwitheachotherandensurethatthecarrierislocatedinthemiddleoftheborehole.、截取钢绞线用切割机，严禁使用电气焊；Usecuttingmachinetogetsteelstrand.Itisprohibitedtousetheelectricalwelding.、钢绞线编制在工作平台上进行，其下料长度为：设计长度+锚梁厚度+张拉千斤顶长度+锚具厚度+张拉操作预留量。(2)Strandmeshingshallbedoneontheworkplatform,thecuttinglengthis:designlength+anchorbeamthickness+tensionjacklength+anchorthickness+tensionoperationreserve.、沿锚杆长度方向每隔2000mm设置一个φ48*35mm隔离支架（详附图四、五），相邻两隔离架之间安设束线环(绑扎丝)对锚杆进行绑扎固定。钢绞线不得相互缠绕并保证承载体位于孔的中部，锚杆保护层厚度不小于20mm。(3)Setaφ48*35mmisolationstentalongthelengthoftheanchorevery2000mm(seeAttachment4,5),installthebunchingline(bindingwire)betweentheadjacenttwoisolationstenttomakeanchorfixed.Thestrandshallnotbeentangledwitheachother,andensurethatthecarrierislocatedinthemiddleoftheholeandthethicknessoftheprotectivelayeroftheanchorisnotlessthan20mm.、锚杆下料完成入孔安装前，用高压风清孔一次。索体采用人工下锚，缓慢从孔口送入。(4)Beforetheanchorinstallation,theholeshallbecleanedwithhigh-pressureair.Ropeshallbeinsertedslowlyfromthetopoftheholebymanual.、锚杆组装的允许偏差符合中国标准，组装完成后对锚杆对应锚孔进行编号，分类存放在专用场地，并加以防潮、防雨等防锈蚀保护。(5)TheallowabledeviationofanchorassemblyshallcoincidewiththeChinesestandard.Aftercompletingtheassembly,anchorholeshallbenumberedcorrespondingtoanchorageandstoredinclarificationonadedicatedplacewithanti-corrosionprotectionasmoistureproofingandrainproofing.3.6、锚固注浆3.6AnchorageGrouting本工程锚杆注浆采用二次压力施工工艺。Secondarypressureconstructionprocessisadoptedfortheanchoringgroutingofthisproject.3.6.1、锚杆注浆材料为M25水泥浆，采用P.SA32.5水泥配制，第一次注浆自孔底向外灌注锚固段，灰砂比宜选用1:1.5，水灰比为0.42，注浆压力为0.5MPa。第二次注浆再次向锚固区高压注浆，注浆材料水灰比0.45~0.5的纯水泥浆，注浆压力为2～2.5MPa之间，且终止注浆压力不低于1.5MPa.3.6.1M25groutofP.SA32.5cementisusedasanchorgroutingmaterial.Firstlygroutfromtheholebottomoutwardstotheanchoragesectionwiththecement-sandratioof1:1.5,water-cementratioof0.42,groutingpressureof0.5Mpa.Secondlygroutwithhighpressuretotheanchoragesectionwithneatcementgroutofwater-cementratioof0.45-0.5,groutingpressureof2-2.5Mpa,andtheterminationgroutingpressureshallnotlessthan1.5Mpa.3.6.2、当孔口出现溢浆且持续时间不低于5min后(或排气管停止排气),方可停止注浆，注浆完毕后待砂浆凝固收缩后，空口进行补浆。3.6.2Tostopgroutingwhentheexcessivegroutisflowingfromtheholemouthandlastsmorethan5minutes(ortheventpipestopairexhaust).Aftercompletinggroutingandthemortarsolidifyingandcontraction,tore-groutingforthehollowareas.3.6.3、当遇地层岩体较差节理裂隙发育、破碎构造带、软弱岩层或地下水发育，为提高地层锚固力，采用二次高压劈裂注浆。即第一次注浆材料和注浆压力与一般地层相同，第二次注浆为高压劈裂注浆，待第一次注浆4～5h后，采用M25纯水泥砂浆对锚固段进行劈裂注浆，注浆压力不小于2.0～2.5MPa。3.6.3Adoptthesecondaryhighpressuresplittinggroutingtoimprovethestratumanchorageforce,whenencounteringthestratumrockmassworsejointfracturingdevelopment,breakagestructurezone,weakrockmassordevelopedundergroundwater.Namely,thefirstgroutingmaterialandpressurearesameasthenormalstratum,thesecondgroutingishighpressuresplittinggrouting.4-5hoursafterfirstgrouting,tostartsplittinggroutingtotheanchoragesectionbyusingM25neatcementmortarwiththepressurenotlessthan2.0-2.5Mpa.3.6.4、锚杆注浆的实际耗浆量一般要大于理论用量，现场施工以锚具排气孔不再排气且孔口浆液溢出浓浆作为注浆结束的标准。如一次注不满或注浆后产生沉降，要补充注浆，直至注满为止。注浆结束后，将注浆管、注浆枪和注浆套管清洗干净，同时准确、完整、清晰地做好注浆记录。3.6.4Normally,theactualconsumptionofgroutingismorethantheoreticalvolume.Thegroutingiscompletedastheexhaustventstopsventandtheexcessivegroutisoverflowfromtheexhaustventmouth.Ifinsufficientgroutingorsedimentationaftergrouting,supplementarygroutingshallbeneededtillthetotallyfullofthegrouting.Tocleanthegroutingpipes,groutingguns,sleevesandmakeaccurate,complete,cleargroutingrecordsaftercompletinggrouting.3.7、锚杆腰梁的施工3.7ConstructionofIntermediateBeamofAnchor腰梁采用C30混凝土现场整体浇注，OVM15锚具与其同时安装浇筑固定。如锚杆与竖梁箍筋相干扰，可局部调整箍筋的间距。混凝土浇注，尤其在锚孔周围，钢筋较密集，必须仔细振捣，保证质量。Adoptwholecast-in-situfortheintermediatebeamwithC30concrete.TheOVM15anchoragedevicesshallbeinstalled,cast,andfixedsimultaneouslywithcastingwork.Topartiallyadjustthespacebetweenthestirrupsiftheanchorsrodsinterf