人教版八年级英语下册Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum知识点梳理及单元复习

#Unit9知识点梳理和单元复习附参考答案单元重点短语归纳：have/hasbeento曾经去某地；have/hasbeenin+地点待在某地；meneither.我也没;have/hasgoneto去某地了；somewheredifferent不同的地方；closeto贴近,邻近;encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事；thousandsof数以千计的,许许多多的；ontheonehand...ontheotherhand一方面另一方面；putup搭建，举起，张贴;takethesubway乘地铁；threequarters四分之三；practicedoingsth.练习做某事;haveproblemdoingsth.做某事遇到困难；Haveyoueverbeenasciencemuseum?你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？【重点】【辨析】have/hasbeento；have/hasgoneto；have/hasbeenin；（1）.have/hasbeento表示“某人曾经去过某地”强调现在已经回来了，不在那里了。E.g.:WehavebeentoQingdao.我们去过青岛。（现在不在青岛）⑵.havegoneto表示“某人到某地去了”，强调现在还没有回来，可能在那里或途中。E.g.:TheyhavegonetoSydney.他们去悉尼了。（现在在悉尼或途中）⑶.havebeenin+地点：表示“某人在某地待了很长时间”，常与时间段搭配。E.g.:IhavebeeninNanchangforthreeyears.我在南昌待了3年了。HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?你在中国待了多长时间？一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较【重点】&【难点】（1）.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对现在产生的影响。E.g.:HevisitedGuilinin1998.在1998年他参观过桂林。（只说明去桂林的时间）（2）.现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不能与确定的过去时间状语连用。E.g.:Jillhasboughtanewcomputer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿教学已经15年了。Ihaveseenthefilm.我看过这部电影。（我了解这部电影的内容）Isawthefilmlastweek.我上周看了这部电影。（只说明上周看了这部电影）【典型例题】Julie'sfathertoLondonlastmonth.Hetherethreetimes.【连云港】went;hadgoneB.hasgone:hasbeenC.went;hasbeenD.hasbeen;hadgone--HaveyoueverBoyangLake?--Yes.Itherelastmonth.It'squitebeautiful.A.goneto;wentB.beento;wentC.beento;goJacksonschooltwoyearsagoandhefortwoyears.【乌鲁木齐】A.leaves;hasgoneB.left;hasbeenawayC.leaves;hasbeenawayD.left;hasgoneMeneither我也没有。【解析】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下：主语+neitherA.否定句中的“也”neither+助动词/be+主语完整的否定句后加either,但要加逗号隔开。E.g.:--Hedidn'tgotoschool.他没有去上学。--Meneither./NeitherdidI./Ididn'tgotoschool,either.我也没有去。主语+tooB・肯定句中的“也”呻so+助动词/be+主语、完整的肯定句后加too,且要用逗号隔开。E.g.:--Heisagoodstudent.他是一名好学生。--Metoo./SoamI./I'magoodstudent,too.我也是。It'sreallyinteresting,isn'tit?【反意疑问句】（一）、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。（二）、结构：陈述句+附加疑问句？E.g.:It'shottoday,isn'tit?（三）、原则：1•前肯后否，前否后肯；2•前名后代；3•时态一致E.g.:Theyworkhard,don'tthey?（四）、做题方法（1）.找动词如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。E.g.:Heisastudent,isn'the?如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。E.g.:Sheoftengetsupat6:30everymorning,doesn'tshe?・判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”Thestudentshaveplantedmanytrees,haven'tthey?•反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。E.g.:Theboycan'tswim,canhe?【注意】(1).Let's中的us包括对方，反意疑问句用shallwe(2).Letus不包括对方，反意疑问句用willyouLet'sgosomewheredifferenttoday.咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词，放在不定代词之后。【注】somewhere表达地点时,前面不用介词。E.g.:Goandpalysomewhereelse.不定副词：somewhere,anywhere,nowhere不定副词被定语修饰时，定语必须放在其后；e.g.:somewherewarm暖和的地方Theyaregoingtotakethesubway.他们打算乘地铁。【解析】take(took,taken)v乘，坐，搭(车，船)takethe/a+交通工具+to+地点“乘坐”(放于句中)动词短语在句中做谓语takethesubway乘地铁takethetrain乘火车takethebus乘公共汽车takethetaxi打的8・Weputupatentandcookedoutside.我们搭起帐篷，在户外做饭。【解析】putup搭起；举起；张贴【短语】：putaway把…收起来puton穿上putup张贴，putout熄灭put・・・into…把放进putdown放下【典型例题】一Peterhasneverbeentoawaterpark.一.【2012山东枣庄】A.Ihaven'tneitherB.Ihaven'ttooC.MetooD.Meneither一IhaveneverbeentoHawaii.WhataboutMike?【2012达州】A.SohasheB.SohedoesC.NeitherhehasD.NeitherhasheA.SohasheB.SohedoesIdon'twanttogo.A.somewherecoldB.coldsomewhereC.anywherecoldD.coldanywhere一Wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation,Lily?【2012凉山】一It'shothere.I'dliketogo.A.AnywherecoolB.coolsomewhereC.somewherecoolYourschoolisverybeautiful,?【永州】A.isn'titB.isitC.isyourschool--Excuseme,Sir.Butsmokingisnotallowedhere.【2012江苏连云港】--Sorry,Ididn'tseethesign.I'llmycigaretteatonce.A.putoutB.putawayC.putupD.putoffItalsoencouragegovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.（博物馆）并且鼓励政府和社会团体来考虑一下未来改进厕所的方法。【解析】encouragesb.todosth鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.insth在某方面鼓励某人It'unbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!真是难以置信，科技发展的竟然如此迅速。【解析】progressv进步；进展；n（不可数n）makeprogress取得进步makeprogressin在・・・・・•方面取得进步E.g.:IhavemademuchprogressinEnglish.11・反身代词①一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成；第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves、反身代词的常见搭配：enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴；byoneself=alone独自；teachoneself=learn...byoneself自学；helponeselfto随便吃；hurtoneself伤到自己；introduceoneselfto自我介绍；lookafteroneself照顾自己；saytooneself自言

自语；loseoneselfin沉迷于；dressoneself给某人自己穿衣服；12.Andhaveyoueverheard(hear)ofaDisneyCruise?你听说过迪士尼油轮吗？【解析】hearof听说［辨析】listento/hearlisten/listento听，侧重听的“过程”hear听，侧重听的“结果”⑶.hearsb.dosth听见某人做某事e.g.:Ioftenhearhimsingintheroom.hearsb.doingsth听见某人正在做某事e.g.:Ihearhimsingingintheroom(4).hearof/about听说;hearfrom=receivealetterfromsb.收到某人的来信E.g.:I'msorrytohearthat.听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)【典型例题】Jessica'sparentsalwaysencourageheroutheropinions.【辽宁鞍山】A.speakB.speakingC.tospeakD.willspeakNomatterhowdifficultthingsseemtobe,youshouldsayto“Nevermind!”Apositiveattitudeisthekeytosuccess.【黑龙江哈尔滨】A.themselvesB.ourselvesHebutcouldA.themselvesB.ourselvesHebutcouldnothing.A.heard;listenedB.listened;heardHowoftendoyouyoursister?A.hearB.hearofC.hearfrom13.thousandsof数以千记的；许许多多的C.yourselvesC.heard;heardD.hearabout用法：⑴当hundred/thousand/million前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式;

⑵当hundred/thousand/million后与of连用时用复数形式。14.分数词的表达法【重点】(1)・结构：①•分子用基数词，分母用序数词.分子(基数词)1

分母(序数词)4=onefourth=onequarter②•当分子大于1时，分母为序数词加s.%=threefourths=threequarters・注意：分数词的几种特殊形式.1/3—^onethird=athird1/4—onefourth=aquarter1/2—onesecond=ahalf3/4—threefourths=threequarters.分数词作主语时，谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.不可数名词+动词单三形式分数+of+可数名词+动词变复数形式Youwon'thaveanyproblemgettingrice,noodlesordumplings.你将会毫不费力的找到米饭、面条或饺子。［解析】Haveproblems(in)doingsth.意为“做某事遇到困难或麻烦”也可用havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth./withsth.E.g.:Theyhadproblemsingettinghere.他们到达这儿有困难。Thisisbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.这是因为这个岛离赤道很近。【解析】closeadj.离・・・・・•近，与・・・・・・・亲近的(1)v关(反)open—closedadj.关的⑵adj・密切的becloseto…E.g.:Myhomeisclosetotheschool.⑶adv.接近地靠近地E.g.:TodayIcomeclosetobelate.【典型例题】Thenumberofthecarsinourneighborhoodisabouteight,andofthemarenewcars.【齐齐哈尔】A.hundred;twothirdsB.hundred;twothirdC.hundreds;twothirdsD.hundreds;twothirdThenumberofthestudentsinourgradeabout.ofthemaregirls.A.are,sixhundreds;Twothirdsis,sixhundred;Twothird

A.are,sixhundreds;Twothirdsis,sixhundred;Twothirdis,sixhundred;Twothirdsare;sixhundred;Twothirdis,sixhundred;Twothirdsare;sixhundred;TwothirdIt'ssaidthatofthewateraroundtheworldpolluted.【黄石】A.twothird;hasB.twothirds;haveC.twothird;areD.twothirds;isIhavegreatinlearningmathandIamsoworried.【2012齐齐哈尔】A.troubleB.interestC.fun⑤一Mikehurthisarmthedaybeforeyesterday.Nowhe'sinhospital.A.I'msorrytohearthatB.That'sallright.C.Ihopeyou'llfeelbettersoon.【单元考例综合】IknowalittleaboutThailand,asIther