人教版初中英语一般过去时结构与用法

英语一般过去时结构与用法一般过去时的用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：lastyear,yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often,always等频率副词连用。例如：Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。注意：也可以用“usedto+动词原形”表示过去经常或反复的动作。eg.Weusedtogetupearly.我以前总是早起。（意指现在不早起了）1.一般过去时的形式：动词be:第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was,其余的人称一律用were。动词have:一律用had,没有人称和数的变化。行为动词：一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化，行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。一般过去时动词的肯定、否定、一般疑问句和简略回答以及特殊疑问句的形式见列表：肯定、否定形式_Lfc^宀冃定否定动词beIwas...Iwasnot...Youwere...Youwerenot...He/She/Itwas...He/She/Itwasnot...Wewere...Wewerenot...YouYouTheyThey动词haveIhad...Ihadnot...YouYouHe/She/ItHe/She/ItWeWeYouYou

行为动词的过去时的否定式，要使用助动词do的过去式did，后面的谓语动词要还原为原形。注意：在非正式语如口语中，wasnot,werenot,hadnot和didnot可以分别缩写成wasn't,weren't,hadn't和didn't。一般疑问句和简略回答一般疑问句简略回答动词beWereyou...?Washe...?Werethey...?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Yes,hewas.动词beWereyou.?Washe...?Werethey...?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Yes,hewas.No,hewasnot.Yes,theywere.No,theywerenot.Yes,Ihad.

动词haveHadyou...?Hadhe...?Hadthey...?No,Ihadnot.Yes,hehad.No,hehadnot.Yes,theyhad.行为动词(study)Didyoustudy...?Didhestudy...?Didtheystudy...?No,theyhadnot.Yes,Idid.No,Ididnot.Yes,hedid.No,hedidnot.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.特殊疑问句和简略回答特殊疑问句回答动词beWherewasshe?Shewasathome.行为动词(study)WhendidyoustudyEnglish?Istudieditlastyear.一般过去时的几种句型(这里只讲行为动词)肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其他。如：Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。否定句结构为：主语+didnot(didn't)+动词原形+其他。如：Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？如：-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?-No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？如：1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?-Ididmyhomework.2)-Wheredidyougolastweek?-IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.一般过去时口诀一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单‘didn't站在动词原形前，其他部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其他部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。小朋友们口诀记，学会一般过去时没问题。II•行为动词的一般过去式变化规则行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i,然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。一般过去时练习一般过去时一、选择()1.Whattheydinneryesterday?A.do;haveforB.did;hadforC.did;haveforD.were;havefor()2.Couldyoutellmewhattimetheplane?A.leftB.leavesC.leavedD.wasleaving()3.Oneofusbandlastmonth.A.leavesB.leaveC.leavedD.left()4.Whereyourmotherborn?A.areB.wasC.wereD.is()5.Doyouknowwhyheforclasslastyear?A.wasalwayslateB.alwayswaslateC.islatealwaysD.isalwayslate()6.Igotupthismorning,soIbreakfastandwenttoschool.A.late;didn'thaveB.early;didn'thaveC.late;hadn'tD.early;hadn't()7.Itmuchcoldtodaythanityesterday.A.is;isB.was;wasC.is;wasD.was;is()8.Hedidn'tcomegoodbyetousandaway.A.say;goB.say;wentC.tosay;wentD.tosay;go()9.Herpenwasbroken.Shetoanewone.A.wants;buysB.wanted;boughtC.wants;boughtD.wanted;buy()10.Ithoughtthedressreallypretty.A.isB.wasC./D.were()11.Itirednow,butit___anexcitingday.A.am;wasB.was;wasC.was;isD.am;is()12.Hesaidhegotocookdinnerforus.A.willB.wouldC./D.doesn't()13.Istayedinthesittingroomandmyfriendsallthetime.A.talktoB.talkedC.talkaboutD.talkedto()14.Shealsoherina1990sstyle.A.weared;hairB.wore;hairC.wear;hairD.wears;hairs()15.IwenttoseeyoulastSaturday,therenobodyintheroom.A.but;wasB.and;wereC.and;wasD.but;is二、用所给词的适当形式填空1．Heputthebooksawayand(go)home.Theboyisrunningand(tie)hisshoesontheplayground.Myfather(buy)anewcomputerfor(I)yesterday.Heoften(go)toschoolbybike,butlastyearheoften(walk)toschool.Aftershefinished(pack)everything,she(go)tobed.Who(wash)theplatesonthetable?Jennydid.Whenyou(see)thefilm“Titanic”?8.It'shalfpastelevennow.Jim(have)lunch.Heusually(have)itatthistime.9.She(write)toJilllastmonth.She(write)tohimnexttime.10.Thestudents(stop)talkingwhentheirteachercameup.三、单句改错：下面每句均有一处错误，指出并加以改正Didyoufoundtheanswertothisquestion?Maryandherbrotherwasbornonthesameday.Westartthislessonabouttenminutesago.Shehadn'tanythingforbreakfastthismorning.Theycamehereforayear.Amysingedasongforusatthatparty.HesaidhewillhelpmewithmyEnglishwhenhewasfree.Themansawthebaguntilitwaslate.一、.句型转换Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：Therewereaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.音乐会)否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：Therewasonlyoneproblem.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：Anndidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：LastweekIreadanEnglishbook.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：对划线部分提问：二、写出下列动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词goenjoybuyeatgetwalktakedancewriterunswimfindbegineatplaystudy用所给词的适当形式填空。TomandMary(come)toChinalastmonth.Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12aos'tnciglhotc.klSohe(get)uplate.Mary(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.There(be)noonehereamomentago.I(call)Mikethismorning.Ilistenedbut(hear)nothing.Tom(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.Lastweekwe(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.Mymother(notdo)houseworkyesterday.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe(notwatch)TVlastnight.11．yourfather(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?12．--Whattimeyou(get)toBeijingyesterday?--We(get)toBeijingat9:00intheevening.What(make)himcry(哭)justnow?Lastyeartheteacher(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.Thereatelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)Therenotenoughpeopletopickapplesthatday.(be)There(benot)anyhospitalsinmyhometown(家乡)in1940.Thereenoughmilkathomelastweek,wasn'tthere?ElitoJapanlastweek.(move)-Whenyou(come)tochina?Lastyear.Didshe(have)supperathome?Jack(notclean)theroomjustnow.(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?Howmanypeople(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?It(be)hotyesterdayandmostchildren(be)outside.There(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI(have)notimetowatchit.请用正确动词形式填空。I(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.she(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she.WhatTom(do)onSaturdayevening?He(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.Whenyou(write)thissong?I(write)itlastyear.Myfriend,Carol,(study)forthemathtestand(practice)Englishlastnight.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMr.Li(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.How(be)Jim'sweekend?It(benot)bad.(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she.五、按要求变换句型。Fatherboughtmeanewbike.(同义句)Fatherboughtme.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一般疑问句)Frankaninterestingbookabouthistory?He'scleaninghisrooms.(划线提问)he?Whynotgooutforawalk?(同义句)outforawalk?ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.(否定句)ThomasRMB10onthisbook.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.(划线提问)familylastweek?Ididn'thaveanyfriends.(一般疑问句)havefriends?IthinksheisLily'ssister.(否定句)Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.(否定句)Sallyoftensomereadinginthemorning.Heisatall,thinboy.(划线提问)he?翻译下列句子我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。excitingweekend.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。Jennylikes.Sheabooklastnight.Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。Emmatheguitareveryday.Butheyesterday.Hethemathtest.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。WhattheySaturday?Theyhomeworkand.今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。ThismorningFangfangbecausehisfatheryesterday.你还有什么要说的？Whatwouldyoulike?放学别忘了向老师说声再见。Don'tforgettheteacher.为什么你昨晚没有看电视？WhyyouTVlastnight?他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。Whenhetheclassroom,heawatchontheground.他什么时候出生的？1980年。---Whenhe?---1980一、构成方法一般过去时用动词的过去式构成，即在动词原形后加ed。二、用法说明表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday,lastweek,in198