2023版高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars复习练案新人教版必修3

PAGEPAGE4Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsⅠ.阅读理解A(2022·福建)eq\x(导学号42492306)SIGNYOURCHILDUPFOR“FLYTOTHEMOONCLUB〞ANDENJOYAFREE*FLIGHTTOANYDESTINATIONINASIA!Witharegistrationfeeofjust$50perchild，childrenundertheageof12canjoinEagleAirways'FLYTOTHEMOONCLUBasmembers.TheycanthenenjoythesamebenefitsonboardEagleAirways'newestBoeing­797toanydestinationintheworld!BENEFITSYOUCAN'TMISS!•Afree*flighttoanydestinationinAsia•30%offanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool•20%offanypurchasemadeatRubyBookstore•Afreenotebookwitheverypurchaseabove$50atStarlightStationery•AfreebowlofdessertforafamilyoffouratDon'sDinerswitheverysetdinnerordered•Abirthdaygiftonyourchild'sbirthday•AfreealbumcontainingpicturestakenduringthejourneyAllbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceivefreetravelinsurancefortheentirefamily！**InsuranceisissuedbyLiveLifeInsuranceGroup.10%OFFALLBOOKINGSfordeparturesfrom5to11September2022*Childmustbeaccompaniedbytwopayingadults.**Termsandconditionsapply.文章大意：这是一那么广告，航空公司成立的“飞向月球俱乐部〞招募成员，广告主要介绍参加俱乐部后成员及家长可以享受的优惠政策。1．Oneofthebenefitsmentionedintheadvertisementis__D__.A．afreeflighttoanydestinationintheworldB．30%offanybookpurchasedatRubyBookstoreC．afreebowlofdessertatanyrestaurantattheairportD．adiscountonanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool解析：细节理解题。根据30%offanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool可知D项正确。2．Whichofthefollowingbookingsmayreceivethemostbenefits？__D__A.BookingdateDeparturedateSeptember13September18B.BookingdateDeparturedateSeptember2September12C.BookingdateDeparturedateAugust15September4D.BookingdateDeparturedateAugust16September8解析：细节理解题。根据文中Allbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceive...以及10%OFFALLBOOKINGSfordeparturesfrom5to11September2022可知D选项符合条件。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheadvertisement？__A__A．Youneedtopay$50tosignupachildfortheclub.B．Clubmembersenjoyfreetravelinsuranceforanyflight.C．Theadvertisementisintendedforstudentsofallages.D．Anychildmustbeaccompaniedbyatleastonepayingadult.解析：细节理解题。根据文中Allbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceivefreetravelinsurance...可知，并不是所有的航程都享受免费保险效劳，故排除B项；由首段的第一句话可知该俱乐部是针对12岁以下儿童的，故排除C项；根据文中最后的备注Childmustbeaccompaniedbytwopayingadults.可知D项错误。A项中的signup与首段第一句话中的registration对应，应选A项。B(2022·山西省太原市二模)eq\x(导学号42492307)Washington:NASAhasannouncedevidencethatJupiter'slargestmoon,Ganymede,hasasaltwateroceanunderitsicysurface.TheoceanseemstohavemorewaterthanallthewateronEarth'ssurface,accordingtonewHubbleobservation.NewHubbleobservationsofGanymede'smagneticfieldstronglysuggestthatthemoon,whichisthelargestinourwholesolarsystem,ishometoasubsurfaceocean.Scientistsestimatetheoceanis95kilometresthick,whichisabout10timesdeeperthanEarth'soceans.Butunlikeoursaltywaters,Ganymede'soceanisburiedunder150kilometresofice.Whilescientistshavespeculated(推测)since1970saboutthepresenceofanoceanonGanymede—thelargestmooninoursolarsystem—untilnowtheonlyobservationalevidencecamefromabriefflybybytheGalileospacecraft,whichdidn'tobservethemoonlongenoughtoconfirmaliquidocean.Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone,highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.Inits25yearsinorbit,Hubblehasmademanyscientificdiscoveriesinourownsolarsystem.AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europe,_anothermoonorbitingJupiter,andNASAhasannouncedplanstosendanunmannedmissiontheresearchingforthelifethatmightcomewithliquidwater.HubbleisatelescopethatorbitsEarth,butbecauseofitsimpressivegravitationalanalysesitcanbeusedtostudytheinsideoffardistantplanets.Usingthesesameprinciples,scientistscouldtheoreticallydetectoceansondistantplanetsaswell.文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进了一步。4．WhatcanwelearnabouttheGanymedefromthepassage？__B__A．Itisaplanetwiththelargestmooninourwholesolarsystem.B．Itsoceanaddstopeople'sexcitementaboutlifebeyondEarth.C．ItwillbeusedbyNASAasabasefortheHubbletelescope.D．ItsliquidoceanwasfirstprovedbytheGalileospacecraft.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.〞可知，木星卫星Ganymede上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。应选B项。5．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter'sattitudetowardsHubble？__D__A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.C．Negative. D．Favourable.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone，highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.〞可知，这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知，作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。应选D项。6．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph6mean？__C__A．AnundergroundoceanhasbeenfoundinEurope.B．ThepresenceofanundergroundoceaninEuropeisnotpossible.C．ItisnowcertainthatthereisanoceanonEurope.D．NoevidencehasshowntheexistenceofanoceanonEurope.解析：句意猜想题。根据第六段中的“andNASAhasannouncedplanstosend...withliquidwater〞可知，因为Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜寻地外生命；由此可推知，画线句意为：科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。应选C项。7．Whattypeofwritingdoesthispassagebelongto？__B__A．Atermessay. B．Anewsreport.C．Anexperimentreport. D．Anexplorationreview.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington：NASAhasannouncedevidence...〞及文章内容可推知，本文为一篇新闻报道。应选B项。Ⅱ.七选五eq\x(导学号42492308)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2022·北京高考)TheScienceofRisk­SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.__1.F__Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk­takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.__2.C__Asthequalityofrisk­takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk­takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay­in­the­cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.__3.A__Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk­seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.__4.E__Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.__5.G__Fortherisk­seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk­seeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A．Italldependsonyourcharacter.B．Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C．Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D．Thus,thesewell­equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E．Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F．However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G．Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.文章大意：这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。解析：1．选项F中的“weighrisksandrewards〞与上文的“weightheriskandthereward〞相照应，故F项符合语境。2．选项C中的“Beingbetteratthosethings〞与上文的“werebetterathunting，fighting，orexploring〞相照应，因此选C。3．前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A项“这完全是由你的性格决定的〞符合语境。4．根据上文的“yourwillingness...teenageyears〞及下文的“hungerfornewexperiences...〞可知E项符合语境。5．根据空后的“Fortherisk­seekers...becomesactive〞可知，此处讲的是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反响，故G项符合语境。Ⅲ.短文改错eq\x(导学号42492309)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·青岛市二模)Mannersareimportanttohappyrelationsamongpeople.Noonelikedapersonwithbadmanners.Havinggoodmannersisseenbymanypeopleforasignofculturalunderstandingandgoodtaste.Politewordsareoneoftheexample.Whenmeetpeople,saying“Hello！〞or“Howareyou？〞andsoonmeansyouareverypolite,whichwillmakethateasyforyoutocommunicatewithothers.However,otherpeoplewillhategettingonwithyouandyourlifewillbecomedifficulty.Onlysayingpolitewordscanyougetonwellwithothers.Allintheall,itispolitewordswhichwillmakeyourlifebecomeconvenient.答案：Mannersareimportanttohappyrelationsamongpeople.Nooneeq\o(liked,\s\do11(likes))apersonwithbadmanners.Havinggoodmannersisseenbymanypeopleeq\o(for,\s\do11(as))asignofculturalunderstandingandgoodtaste.Politewordsareoneoftheeq\o(example,\s\do11(examples)).Wheneq\o(meet,\s\do11(meeting))people,saying“Hello！〞or“Howareyou？〞andsoonmeansyouareverypolite,whichw