2023高考英语一轮复习构想Unit2Heroes课时作业北师大版必修1

PAGEPAGE2Unit2Heroes一、单元跟踪过关Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ihave_traveled(travel)tomostofthecitiesinChinasincefiveyearsago.2．Theirmarriagewas_founded(found)onloveandnaturalrespect.3．Theeconomicsituationwasserious,butwepulledthrough.4．Howishegettingon/alongwiththatnovelheiswriting?5．Intimeyouwillcometo_know(know)themeaningofwhatIsaid.6．Thepolicefoundthatitwasdifficulttocalmdowntheangrycrowd.7．He'ssmartenoughtoknowthatifhegetsinvolvedinthatcrowd,hewillbeintrouble.8．Asisknowntoall,theyoungmanisaveryskillful(skill)engineer.9．Susanhasjustgotpromoted(promote),whichmakesherfamilyverypleased.10．Hehasbeenstrugglingto_succeed(succeed)inhisbusiness.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theinjuryinhisleftlegmadethisimpossibleforhimtorunfast.this→it2．Beingconfidentinourselvesisthatkeepsusgoingonintimeofdifficulties.that→what3．It'sbelievedthatrightnow,850millionspeopleacrosstheworldareshortoflions→million4．Theboyacrossthestreetmustn'tbeDavid,becauseDavidismuchtaller,andmuchstrongeraswell.mustn't→can't/cannot5．ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,butsincethenthecountryhasexperiencedgreatchanges.but→and6．Theschoolboywasknockeddownbyaminibuswhencrossedthestreet.Luckily,hewasonlyslightlyinjured.crossed→crossing7．TheEnglishSpeechContestFinalwilltakeplacethisafternoonandeightstudentswillcompeteinitwiththefirstprize.with→for8．Thejobhasbeenofferedtoayoungcollegegraduate,butitremainstobeseenwhetherheisequaltheposition.equal后加上to9．Weallenjoyworkinginthisoffice;ithastheatmospherethatmakesustofeelrelaxedandhappy.将to删除10．Alltheticketsfortonight'sfilmhavesoldout.have后加上beenⅢ.完成句子1．你父亲很大方，给你这么多钱。Yourfatherwasverygeneroustogiveyousomuchmoney.2．尽量不要对儿童实施暴力行为。Trynottouse_violence_againstchildren.3．他学习不用功，到头来考试不过关。Hedidn'tstudyhardanddidn'tpasstheexamin_the_event.4．在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤。Inthecrashhesufferedsevereinjuries_totheheadandarms.5．我们确信我们会安然渡过暴风雨的。Wewere_confident/sure_thatwewouldbeabletorideoutthestorm.二、高考模拟写作(2022·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photographyclub)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：1．主题：环境保护；2．展览时间；3．投稿邮箱：。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：范文赏读DearPeter,OurschoolphotographyclubisgoingtoholdanInternationalHighSchoolStudentPhotographyShow.Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.ItwillstartfromJune15thandlastforthreeweeks.Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.Iknowyoutakegoodpicturesandyou'vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection.Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemethelasttimeyouvisitedourschool.Thisissurelyagoodchanceformorepeopletoseethem.Ifyouwanttojoin,youcansendyourphotostointlphotoshow@gmschool.Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua大题巧练2Unit2Heroes[授课提示：对应学生用书第229页]A卷一、阅读理解A(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2022,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we'vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck­indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:“Well,I'mreallysorry,I'vegotsomebadnewsforyou—therearenoflightsfromWashington.〞SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient—please,please,you'vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.〞Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re­routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you'reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou'vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody'slife.语篇解读本文介绍了一个名叫PeterHodes的人从事的有关干细胞传递的志愿者工作，并主要讲述了他的一次难忘的经历。在传递干细胞的过程中，他深刻地意识到时间就是生命。1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier〞inParagraph1?A.providerB.deliverymanC.collectorD.medicaldoctor答案与解析：B考查词义猜想。根据第一段中的“SinceMarch2022,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittlebox〞可知，作者是干细胞传递员，应选B。2．WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.D.Theicewon'tlastanylonger.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast〞可知，冰维持的最长时间是42小时，应选D。3．WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A.ToLondon.B.ToNewark.C.ToProvidence.D.ToWashington.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段的最后一句“Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re－routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled\〞可知，这位女士安排作者乘坐一架小型飞机改道经纽瓦克回到了英国，应选B。B(2022·石家庄模拟)DuringthetwoandahalfyearssinceIsettleddowninGermany,I'vecaughtacoldseveraltimesandgottentoexperiencehowdifferentGermancoldremedies(疗法)arefromtheChineseones.BackinTaiwan,wheneverIhadastreamingnoseandadrythroat,I'drushtothehospitaltogetprescribedmedicine.Forafever,Iwouldreceivearedpill,whichInowknowisatypeofantibiotic(抗生素)．AnotherthingIknownowisthatthecriminalbehindmycoldisavirus.ThedrugsIusedonlyrelievedthesymptoms.WhenIwenttoaGermanhospitalintendingtogetsomemedicinetotreatmycold,Igotnothingmorethanapatonmyshoulderandwordsfromthedoctor,sayingthatIshouldgetsomereallygoodrest.Thefirsttimethishappened,Iwasshocked.IwonderedhowIcouldputupwithmysicknesswithoutthehelpofmedicine.ButthelongerIstayedinGermany,thebetterIknewhowtoself­medicateasotherGermansdo.IlearnedtotakevitaminCtobuildupmyresistance.ButwhatIlikethemostisdrinking“Erkältungstee〞.ForGermanpeople,Erkältungsteeiswhattheirgrandmothergivesthemwhentheycatchacold.It'sateabagmainlymadeoflimeflowerandorangerind.AnotherpopularcoldremedyinGermanyischickensoup.DuringmyfirstwinterinGermany,Igotareallybadcold.Myneighborbroughtmeabowlofchickensouptomakemefeelbetter.Itcontainedalotofginger,onion,garlic,carrotsandcelery.Germansbelievetheseingredientsareperfectforhelpingyourbodyrecover.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在德国如何应对感冒的故事。4.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterseeingtheGermandoctor?A.Relieved.B.Surprised.C.Satisfied.D.Stressed.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Thefirsttimethishappened,Iwasshocked〞可知，作者第一次在德国看医生时，医生的应对方式让他很震惊。5.Accordingtotheauthor,whateffectdoantibioticshaveonhiscold?A.Theycurehiscold.B.Theypreventthedisease.C.Theykillthevirusinhim.D.Theymakehimfeelbetter.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段的第二句“ThedrugsIusedonlyrelievedthesymptoms〞可推知，作者之前生病时所吃的抗生素只是缓解了感冒的病症，让他自己感觉好一些而已。6.WhatdoGermansthinkof“Erkältungstee〞？A.Itcanreplaceanycoldremedy.B.Itcanbuildupone'sresistance.C.It'sagoodwaytoself­medicate.D.It'sbetterthanchickensoup.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后一句“ButthelongerIstayedinGermany,thebetterIknewhowtoself­medicateasotherGermansdo〞并结合最后一段所列举的Erkältungstee的例子可知，它是一种自我疗法。7.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Germanstendnottouseantibioticstotreatacold.B.TheauthoroftencatchesacoldinTaiwan.C.Theauthorseldomdrinkschickensoup.D.Germandoctorsarecoldtopatients.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段和最后一段的整体内容可知，德国人感冒后医生是不给开药的，而且德国人有自我疗法。由此可推知，德国人不会感冒了就去吃抗生素。二、完形填空Ihavealwaysbeenanindependentperson,butIhavecometoknowthatbeingindependentdoesnotmeanrefusinghelp.Imaystillbe__8__withaskingforhelp,butItrytoaccept.Furthermore,Iwilleven__9__helpandwhenmyoffersarerefused,Iam__10__willingtowalkaway.Andallthesechangescamefromadisasteronanisland.Sometimesaperson'sindependenceisa__11__ofpride,daring,stubbornnessandluck.Iusedtobetoo__12__sinceIwaslittle.Iwasonceatravelerwhoneveraskedfor__13__，choosinginsteadtostrugglewithmapsandsignsuntilIfoundmyway.ThenonedayontheislandofKohPhangan,inThailand,everything__14__.IwasswimmingintheoceanwithSean,myfiancé，whenhewas__15__byaboxjellyfish(箱型水母).He__16__withinthreeminutes,25yearsold.YetwhenonlookersandtravelersaskedifIwanted__17__,stubbornprideandforceofhabit__18__meaccepting.ButtwoyoungIsraeliwomenstayed.__19__myprotest(反对),theywerewithmeevenwhenthepolicetriedtocoverupthe__20__ofSean'sdeath.Itwaslistedasdrunkdrowningtoavoidhurtingthe__21__industry.TheIsraeliwomen__22__havewalkedaway.__23__,withouteventellingme,they__24__theirscheduleratherthanleavemebehind.__25__Ididn'trealizeitatthattime,Iwouldnothave__26__thedisasterwithoutthesegreatwomen.Actually,thepersonwhoneedshelpthemostisusuallythelastpersontoaskforit.Ihavelearned__27__isbetterthanrefusingbecauseitnotonlyhelpsyouwalkoutoftrouble,butalsohelpsyouknowtherealmeaningoflife.语篇解读本文通过一个事例来说明：作者尽管是一个独立的人但并不意味着拒绝接受帮助。接受帮助比拒绝帮助更好，因为它不仅能帮助你走出困难，而且能帮助你知道生活的真正意义。8.A．strugglingB．dealingC．confusedD．satisfied答案与解析：A由语境可知，我是一个独立的人，那么我在寻求帮助时内心会有一番挣扎。strugglewith意为“在内心与(自己、自己的良心等)进行斗争〞。9.A．offerB．acceptC．seekD．desire答案与解析：A由后面的offer可知答案。句意：而且，我甚至会主动提供帮助。10.A．occasionallyB．frequentlyC．usuallyD．seldom答案与解析：D由倒数第二段“TheIsraeliwomen__15__havewalkedaway.__16__，withouteventellingme，they__17__theirscheduleratherthanleavemebehind.〞那些以色列妇女是作者的典范，也就是在自己提供帮助被拒绝后，仍然不离开，应选D项。11.A．rangeB．symbolC．wayD．mix答案与解析：D独立是“pride,daring,stubbornnessandluck〞的混合(mix)，应选D项。12.A．adventurousB．braveC．independentD．creative答案与解析：C由语境可知，作者过去太独立了。13.A．moneyB．equipmentC．directionsD．suggestions答案与解析：C由空后的句子“...choosinginsteadtostrugglewithmapsandsignsuntilIfoundmyway.〞可知作者选择地图和标志来找路，故第6空应该说的是方向(direction)。14.A．happenedB．messedC．changedD．disappeared答案与解析：C由后文可知，在经历后面的事之后，一切都改变(changed)了。15.A．attackedB．caughtC．followedD．impressed答案与解析：A由后文的“...ofSean'sdeath.〞可知，我的未婚夫受到了箱型水母的袭击(attacked)而死。16.A．sunkB．diedC．failedD．recovered答案与解析：B见上一题解析。17.A．companyB．adviceC．comfortD．evidence答案与解析：A由后文可知一些旁观者和旅行者问我是否需要陪伴(company)。18.A．keptB．preventedC．deniedD．suggested答案与解析：B作者顽固的自尊以及习惯阻止(prevent)了自己接受他们的帮助。19.A．InspiteofB．IncaseofC．IntermsofD．Asaresult答案与解析：A前后为转折关系。句意：尽管我反对，她们还是跟我待在一起。20.A．proofB．newsC．factD．cause答案与解析：D警察试图掩盖肖恩的死因。21.A．medicineB．entertainmentC．fishingD．tourism答案与解析：D他们为防止殃及旅游业，所以说肖恩是酒后溺水。22.A．couldB．needC．shouldD．must答案与解析：A此处指这两位以色列妇女本来能够走开，但没有离开。couldhavedone意为“本能够做某事，而没有这样做〞，符合语境。23.A．ThereforeB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Besides答案与解析：C相反，他们甚至没告诉我，她们推迟(delayed)了她们的日程安排，而不是丢下我不管。24.A．delayedB．madeC．consideredD．threw答案与解析：A见上一题解析。25.A．WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If答案与解析：B尽管(while)在当时我没有意识到，如果没有这些伟大的女人，我也很难活下来(survived)。26.A．survivedB．experiencedC．avoidedD．suffered答案与解析：A见上一题解析。27.A．refusingB．acceptingC．givingD．begging答案与解析：B作者终于明白了接受帮助比拒绝帮助更好。三、语法填空WeChatwaslaunchedonJanuary12,2022,andtookmorethanayear__28__(draw)100millionusers.BySeptember,2022,it__29__(reach)the200millionmark,Tencentsaid.Thenumberofpeople__30__(use)WeChat,avoice­messagingservicedevelopedbytheInternetgiantTencentHoldings,hashit300millioninlessthantwoyears__31__theservicewasreleased,theShenzhen­basedcompanysaidonWednesday.“The300millionnumberis__32__milestoneforWeChat,andwehopetheservicewillbereadytoperform__33__theglobalstagein2022，〞PonyMa,Tencentchairmanandchiefexecutiveofficer,saidonhismicroblogonWednesdaymorning.ThefunctionofWeChatisverysimilartothetextmessagingandvoicecallservices__34__areprovidedbytelecomcarriers.Latelastyearsawthe__35__(introduce)ofanEnglishversionofWeChatinabidtodrawmoreinternationalusers.TencenthasreleasedversionsinArabic,Italian,Vietnamese,JapaneseandThai.Tencentsaiditis__36__(most)pursuingitsexpansionplansinemergingandAsianmarkets.Itsaidthecompanyfinds__37__easiertoreachitsgoalsinsuchplaces,inpartbecausetheyhaveculturesthataresimilartoChina's.28．__________29.__________30.__________31．__________32.__________33.__________34．__________35.__________36.__________37．__________答案：语篇解读本文主要讲述了聊天软件微信的开展情况。28．todraw考查动词不定式。固定用法：ittakes＋时间段＋todosth.意为“花费……时间做某事〞。29．hadreached考查时态。根据BySeptember,2022可知用过去完成时。30．using考查非谓语动词。people和use之间是主谓关系，用动词的现在分词形式，相当于定语从句whouse...。31．since考查连词。句意：自从这项效劳发布以来，在不到两年的时间里使用人数到达了5亿。32．a考查冠词。amilestonefor意为“……的一个里程碑〞。33．on考查介词。ontheglobalstage意为“在世界舞台上〞。34．that/which考查关系词。先行词是表示物的名词，用关系词which或that。35．introduction考查名词。theintroductionofEnglishversion意为“英文版本的介绍〞。36．mostly考查副词。副词修饰动词pursue。37．it考查代词。这里用it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。B卷一、阅读理解A(2022·石家庄模拟)AssistantProfessorinMusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseeksafull­time,9­monthassistantprofessor,beginninginAugust.Applicantsarerequiredtohaveadegreeindancearea,teachingexperienceataprofessionalorcollegelevel,abilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.Thesalarydependsonqualificationsandexperience.Forcompleteinformationvisit：//finearts.wichita,edu.FullProfessorinTheatreandDanceTheDepartmentofTheatreandDanceattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego(：//theatre,)isseekinganexperiencedtheatreartistinlightingdesign.Applicantsmustworkforusforatleastoneyear.Significantprofessionalexperienceisrequired.Thispositionisexpectedtoteachatbothgraduateandundergraduatelevels.AreviewofapplicationswillstartonJune1st.Applicationdeadline:September1st.TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArtsDeSalesUniversity'sPerformingandFineArtsDepartmentseeksahighlyskilled,professionaltechnicaldirector.Thepositionisa10­monthstaffpositionwiththepossibilityofsummeremploymentwiththePennsylvaniaShakespeareFestival.Professionalexperienceisrequired;MFAispreferred.Pleaseemailmaterialstojohn.bell@de­.Screeningofapplicationsbeginsimmediatelyandwillcontinueuntilthepositionisfilled.AssistantDirector—MediaResourcesCenterMarylandInstituteCollegeofArtisseekinganassistantdirectorofMediaResourcesCenterintheAcademicAffairsDivision.QualificationsforthepositionincludeadegreeinArtHistoryorrelatedfieldswithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,libraryexperience,excellentinterpersonalcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithphotoshopandscanning.Areviewofapplicationswillbeginimmediately;jobannouncementswillremainopenuntilthepositionisfilled.Applicantsarerequiredtoworkforusatleast11monthsandcansendemailstojobs@.Thesalarydiffersdependingonyourexperience.Pleaseincludeyourdesiredsalaryinyourapplicationletter.语篇解读本文介绍了4个工作的相关招聘信息。1.Ifanapplicanthas9.5­monthfreetime,heorshecanpaycloseattentiontotheadof________.A.FullProfessorinTheatreandDanceB.AssistantProfessorinMusicalTheatreDanceC.TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArtsD.AssistantDirector—MediaResourcesCenter答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一个广告AssistantProfessorinMusicalTheatreDance的第一句“WichitaStateUniversityseeksafull­time,9­monthassistantprofessor，beginninginAugust〞并结合题干可知，有九个半月的空闲可以申请这个职位。应选B。2.Ifyouhaveexcellentinterpersonalcommunicationskills,youcanapplyto________.A.WichitaStateUniversityB.theUniversityofCaliforniaC.DeSalesUniversityD.MarylandInstituteCollegeofArt答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一个招聘广告下的“MarylandInstituteCollegeofArt〞和“QualificationsforthepositionincludeadegreeinArtHistory...excellentinterpersonalcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithphotoshopandscanning〞可知，擅长人际交往的人可以申请这个学院的职位，应选D项。3.Accordingtotheadvertisements,wecanlearnthat________.A.allthejobsmentionedinthetextrequireexperienceB.allthejobsmentionedabovepromiseagoodsalaryC.allthereviewsofapplicationswillbeginimmediatelyD.allthejobannouncementswillremainopenuntilthepositionsarefilled答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据文章的整体内容可知，每个职位都要求申请人有一定的工作经验，应选A。B(2022·山西模拟)Happinessincreaseswhenweexperiencemorepositiveemotionsthroughouttheday.Fredrickson,aleaderinthefieldofpsychology,identifies10positiveemotions,includingjoy,interest,hope,pride,amusement,inspiration,loveandsoon.Howoftenweexperiencethesepositiveemotionscomparedtonegativeemotionsinadayaffectsnotonlyourmood,butalsoourphysicalhealth.Shehasdiscoveredthatthosewhohavea3∶1ratioofpositivetonegativeemotionsonadailybasisarehappierandhealthier.Sadly,mostpeople,eventhosewhoconsiderthemselvespositivepeople,arefarbelowthatratio.Thegoodnewsisthatyoucanlearntoincreaseyourratioofbeingpositive,whichleadstogreaterhappiness,healthandsuccess.Researchshowsthatbyincreasingpositiveemotions,webecomemorecreative,performbetterattasks,andhavebetterrelationships.Themostexcitingfindingisthatwenowhaveproofthatself－generatedpositiveemotionscanimproveourphysicalhealth.Nevertheless,wedon'twanttogetridofallnegativefeelings.Negativeemotionsareproperandhelpfulsometimes.It'sappropriatetofeelsadaboutthelossofalovedone.Angeroftenpushesusintoactiontoimproveasituationorcorrectamistake.However,ifyoufindyourselfwaitingimpatientlywhenthedriverinfrontofyoudoesn'tinstantlynoticethelightturnsgreen,orifyoufindyourselfscoldingyourkidsforlaughingtooloudwhileyouareonthephone,youarehavingnegativefeelingsinyourdailylifetoooften.Thenyoushouldstepbackandanalyzethosefeelings,andturnthemaround.语篇解读研究说明：积极的情感不仅能增加幸福感，而且对身体健康也有好处。但是负面的情绪也并非一无是处，有时候也会起帮助作用。所以我们要学会调控自己的心情。4．Whatisthemostexcitingfindingaboutincreasingpositiveemotions?A.Itimprovesrelationships.B.Itcontributestogoodhealth.C.Ithelpsdevelopcreativity.D.Itleadstogreatersuccess.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Themostexcitingfindingisthatwenowhaveproofthatself­generatedpositiveemotionscanimproveourphysicalhealth〞可知，积极的情感对身体健康有好处。应选B。5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutnegativefeelings?A.Peopleshouldturneverynegativefeelingaround.B.Negativefeelingscansometimeshavepositiveeffects.C.Negativefeelingsoftencausepeopletomakemistakes.D.Peopleshouldnevershownegativefeelingsinpublicplaces.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless,wedon'twanttogetridofallnegativefeelings.Negativeemotionsareproperandhelpfulsometimes〞可知，负面的情绪也并非一无是处，有时候会起到积极的作用。应选B。6．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Peopleshouldlearntomanagetheiremotions.B.Peopleshouldbepatientwiththeirnegativefeelings.C.Peopleshouldlearntoanalyzethecausesofunhappiness.D.Peopleshouldidentifyasmanypositivefeelingsaspossible.答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。本文讲述了一项研究结果：积极的情感不仅能增加幸福感，对身体健康也有好处。但是负面的情绪也并非一无是处，有时候会起到积极的作用。所以我们要学会调控自己的心情。应选A。二、七选五Mostcarshaveseatbeltsaspartoftheirequipment.Seatbeltsprotectdriversandpassengersincaseofaccidents.Theyalsoreducetheeffectofacrashonthebody.__7__Worldwide,thedeviceshaveprotecteduptoamillionpeople.Americafirstrecognizedtheinventionofanautomobileseatbeltin1849.ThegovernmentgaveapatenttoanengineernamedEdwardClaghornofNewYorkCitysothatotherswouldnotcopyhisinventionofasafetydevice.__8__Thisearlyversionofsafetybeltwassaidtoincludehooksandotherattachmentsforsecuringthepersontoafixedobject.Otherinventorsfollowedwithdifferentversionsoftheseatbelt.__9__ItresultedfromtheworkofaSwedishengineer,NilsBohlin.Histhree­point,lapandshoulderseatbeltfirstappearedoncarsinEurope50yearsago.NilsBohlinrecognizedthatboththeupperandlowerbodyneededtobeheldsecurelyinplace.Hisinventioncontainedaclothstrap(带子)thatwasplacedacrossthechestandanotherstrapacrosshiships.__10__Volvowasthefirstcompanytoofferthemodernseatbelttoitscars.ThiscompanyalsoprovideduseofNilsBohlin'sdesigntoothercar­makers.__11__HereceivedagoldmedalfromtheRoyalSwedishAcademyofEngineeringSciencesin1995.HediedinSwedenin2002.A.TheSwe