2023年阅读理解专项训练试题三

阅读理解专项训练试题（三）

一、阅读理解

1、Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic.Notonlydoeshewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstand—hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthemtolearnfromhim.

Whatvisualartistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiencesintoshapesandcolors,notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,outofthecountlessbillionspossible,isexceptionallyinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous.Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.

Mostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandrepose（安眠）;theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsights.Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.

Ifonepainterchoosestopaintagangrenous（坏疽）legandanotheralakeinmoonlight.Eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertainaspectoftheworld,eachpainteristellingussomething,showingussomething,emphasizingsomething—allofwhichmeansthat,consciouslyorunconsciously,heistryingtoteachus

Itishardtoexplainwhatapainterissaying,because_________（）

A．mostpaintersdonotexpressthemselveswell

B．apainterusesunusualwordsandphrases

C．apainterusesshapesandcolorsinsteadofwords

D．manypaintersdonotsayanything

2、Apainterchoosescertainshapesandcolorsoutofthecountlessbillionspossiblebecausehebelievesthey_________（）

A．arebeautiful

B．canbringdelighttothepublic

C．areworthshowingtothepublic

D．areparticular

3、Anartist’schoiceofshapesandcolorsindicatesthathebelievesthemtobe_________（）

A．meaningfulinthemselves

B．merelybeautiful

C．areflectionofhisexperiences

D．worthlookingat

4、Comparedwithapainterofunpleasantsubjects,apainterwhodrawsalakeinmoonlightis_________（）

A．conveyingmoremeaning

B．pointingoutdifferentthings

C．moreskilled

D．communicatingless

5、Impliedbutnotstated:_________（）

A．Apaintingismoreeasilyunderstoodthanasymphony

B．Artismerelythearrangingofshapeandcolor

C．Everyartisttriestosaysomethingtothepublic

D．Onemustlookbeyondshapeandcolortofindwhattheartistissaying

6、Traditionally,universitieshavecarriedouttwomainactivities:researchandteaching.Manyexpertswouldarguethatboththeseactivitiesplayacriticalroleinservingthecommunity.Thefundamentalquestion,however,ishowdoesthecommunitywantorneedtobeserved?

Inrecentyearsuniversitieshavebeencomingunderincreasingpressurefromboththegovernmentsandthepublictoensurethattheydonotremainivorytowers（象牙塔）ofstudyseparatedfromtherealitiesofeverydaylife.Universityteachershavebeenencouraged,andinsomecasescompelled,toprovidemorecourseswhichproducegraduateswiththetechnicalskillsrequiredforthecommercialuse.IfAristotlewantedtoworkinuniversityintheUKtoday,hewouldhaveagoodchanceofteachingcomputersciencebutwouldnotbesoreadilyemployableasaphilosopher.

Apost-industrialsocietyrequireslargenumbersofcomputerprogrammers,engineers,managersandtechnicianstomaintainanddevelopitseconomicgrowthbutman,astheBiblesays,doesnotlivebybreadalone.Apartfromrequiringmedicalandsocialservices,whichdonotdirectlycontributetoeconomicgrowth,thesocietyshouldalsovalueandenjoyliterature,musicandthearts.Inthesecost-conscioustimes,ithasevenbeenpointedoutinjustificationforthefundingoftheartsthattheycanbeusefulmoneyearners.Asuccessfulmusicalplay,forinstance,cancontributeasmuchtotheGrossNationalProductthroughtouristdollarsasanyotherthings

Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor_________（）

A．believestraditionaluniversitieshavedoneagoodjobservingthecommunity

B．believesitremainstobediscussedhowuniversitiesshouldmeettheneedsofsociety

C．thinkssomeexpertsrequiretoomuchofuniversities

D．thinksuniversitiesshoulddomorethanjustresearchandteach

7、Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat_________（）

A．societyisnotsatisfiedwiththepresentcollegeeducation

B．interferencefromthegovernmentisunwelcome

C．teachersareforcedtodowhattheydon’tliketodo

D．it’samistakeforuniversitiestoteachcoursesofnocommercialuse

8、TheexampleofAristotleindicatesthat_________（）

A．universitiesintheUKhaveproducedtoomanygoodfornothinggraduates

B．universitiesshouldstopteachingphilosophy

C．hightechnologyisnowvaluedmorethanothercoursesinuniversities

D．universitiesshouldputmorestressoncomputerscience

9、Accordingtothepassage,literature,musicandthearts_________（）

A．contributedirectlytoeconomicgrowth

B．areasnecessarytomanasmedicalandsocialservices

C．arejustifiedsincetheybringprofits

D．areagoodwayofearningmoney

10、Theauthorimpliesthat_________（）

A．economyshouldalwaysbeanation’sfirstconsideration

B．universitiesshouldtakecostintoaccountwhentheydecidewhatcoursestheywilloffer

C．successfulmusicalplaysarepartofnationaleconomy

D．economicgrowthisnottheonlyneedofmankind

11、Likemostpeople,I’velongunderstoodthatIwillbejudgedbymyoccupation,thatmyprofessionisagauge（标准）peopleusetoseehowsmartortalentedIam.Recently,however,IwasdisappointedtoseethatitalsodecideshowI’mtreatedasaperson.

LastyearIleftaprofessionalpositionasasmall-townreporterandtookajobwaitingtables.Assomeonepaidtoservefoodtopeople,IhadcustomerssayanddothingstomeIsuspectthey’dneversayordototheirmostcasualacquaintances.Onenightamantalkingonhiscellphonewavedmeaway,thenbeckoned（示意）mebackwithhisfingerminuteslater,complaininghewasreadytoorderandaskingwhereI’dbeen.

Ihadwaitedtablesduringsummersincollegeandwastreatedlikeapeon（勤杂工）byplentyofpeople.Butat19yearsold,IbelievedIdeservedinferiortreatmentfromprofessionaladults.Besides,peoplerespondedtomedifferentlyafterItoldthemIwasincollege.CustomerswouldjokethatonedayI’dbesittingattheirtable,waitingtobeserved.

OnceIgraduatedItookajobatacommunitynewspaper.Frommyfirstday,Iheardarespectfultonefromeveryonewhocalledme.Iassumedthiswasthewaytheprofessionalworldworked—cordially（友善地）.

Isoonfoundoutdifferently,Isatseveralfeetawayfromanadvertisingsalesrepresentativewithasimilarname.OurcallswouldoftengetmixedupandsomeoneaskingforKristenwouldbetransferredtoChristie.Themistakewasimmediatelyevident.Perhapsitwasbecausemoneywasinvolved,butpeopleusedatonewithKristenthattheyneverusedwithme.Myjobtitlemadepeopletreatmewithcourtesy.Soitwasashocktoreturntotherestaurantindustry.

It’snosecretthatthere’salottoputupwithwhenwaitingtables,andfortunately,muchofitcanbeeasilyforgottenwhenyoupocketthetips.Theserviceindustry,bydefinition,existstocatertoothers’needs.Still,itseemedthatmanyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant.

I’mnowapplyingtograduateschool,whichmeanssomedayI’llreturntoaprofessionwherepeopleneedtobenicetomeinordertogetwhattheywant.IthinkI’lltakethemtodinnerfirst,andseehowtheytreatsomeonewhoseonlyjobistoservethem

Theauthorwasdisappointedtofindthat_________（）

A．one’spositionisusedasagaugetomeasureone’sintelligence

B．talentedpeoplelikeherfailtogetarespectablejob

C．one’soccupationaffectsthewayoneistreatedasaperson

D．professionalstendtolookdownuponmanualworkers

12、Whatdoestheexampleinthesecondparagraphimply（）

A．Waitressesareoftentreatedbycustomersascasualacquaintances

B．Somecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem

C．Somecustomersliketomakeloudcomplaintsfornoreasonatall

D．Peopleabsorbedinaphoneconversationtendtobeabsent-minded

13、Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying…manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant（）

A．Thosewhocatertoothers’needsaredestinedtobelookeddownupon

B．Themajorityofcustomerstendtolookonaservantasaservernowadays

C．Thoseworkingintheserviceindustryshouldn’tbetreatedasservants

D．Thoseservingothershavetoputupwithroughtreatmenttoearnaliving

14、Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesattheageof19（）

A．Shefeltbadlyhurtwhenhercustomersregardedherasapeon

B．Shefeltitunfairtobetreatedasamereservantbyprofessionals

C．Shewasembarrassedeachtimehercustomersjokedwithher

D．Shefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasaninferior

15、Thepurposeoftakingherclientstodinneristo_________（）

A．arousetheirsympathyforpeoplelivingahumblelife

B．seewhatkindofpersontheyare

C．showhergenerositytowardspeopleinferiortoher

D．experiencethefeelingofbeingserved

16、ChokweSelassieisonamissiontohelpdriversavoidpotholes（路面坑洼）.Theeighth-graderwasinspiredtokickoffhismissiononarecentmorning,whenhismotherwasdrivinghimtoschool.TheircarwasdamagedasitwentoverahugepotholeinthemiddleofthestreetintheirhometownofJackson,Mississippi.IdecidedIwasgoingtodosomethingaboutthepotholeprobleminmycity,Chokwesays.Hissolution:anappthatwarnsdriverswhenthereisapotholeahead.ChokwedevelopedtheappwithhisfriendsRodriguezRatliffandEmmanuelBrooks.Whentheappdetectsapothole,itishighlighted（突出显示）inred,Chokwesays.andifyougetclosetothepothole,yourphonewillwarnyou.Driverscanalsousetheapptoreportanypotholestheyencounter,andtolookforotherroutestheycantaketoavoidroadsthathavethem.

TheappreliesoncurrentavailableinformationaboutthestreetsofJackson.Itworksbyusingthecity’s311callsystem,soitusesinformationalreadystoredinadatabase,Chokwesays.Throughthecallsystem,citizensdial3-1-1toreportnon-emergencyproblems—whichincludepotholes.Chokweandhisfriendsdeterminedthatfocusingonthe10busieststreetsinJacksonwouldgivethemalargeenoughsamplesizetotesttheprototype（原型）.

Althoughtheappisn’tyetavailableforsale,Chokweisalreadylookingforwaystoimproveit.Theprototyperemainslimitedto10streetsinJackson,buthehopestoaddmore,sothatitincludeseverystreetinthecity.andthenhewantstogoevenfarther.Iwanttokeepworkingontheappuntilit’snationwide,Chokwesays

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage（）

A．ASolutiontoTrafficJams

B．AnApptoDetectPotholes

C．PotholeProblemsinBigCities

D．PoorRoadConditions

17、ThephrasekickoffinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_________（）

A．leave

B．invent

C．begin

D．shift

18、Peopleusethe311callsystemtoreport_________（）

A．emergencies

B．terroristattacks

C．non-emergenciesD．childabuse

19、Theprototypefocuseson_________streetsinJackson（）

A．10

B．15

C．20

D．25

20、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE（）

A．Chokwedevelopedtheappallbyhimself

B．Peoplecanbuythisappfromtheonlinestore

C．Hismother’scarwasoncedamagedoverapothole

D．Theappworksbyusingthecity’s911callsystem

21、ThethreebiggestliesinAmericaare:1）Thecheckisinthemail,2）OfcourseI’llrespondtoyouinthemorning,and3）Itwasacomputererror.

Ofthesethreelittlewhitelies,theworstisthethird.It’stheonlyonethatcanneverbetrue.Today,ifabankstatementcheatsyououtof＄900thatway,youknowwhattheclerkissuretosay,Itwasacomputererror.Nonsense.Thecomputerisreportingnothingmorethanwhattheclerktypedintoit.

Themostannoyingcaseofalliswhenthecomputerizedcashierinthegrocerystoreshowsthatanitemcostsmorethanitactuallydoes.Iftheinnocentbuyerpointsoutthemistake,thechecker,bagger,andmanagerallcometogetherandofferthefamiliarexplanation:Itwasacomputererror.

Itwasn’t,ofcourse.Thatcomputerizedcashierisreallynothingmorethananelectriceye.TheeyereadstheUniversalProductCode—thatbarofblackandwhitelinesinacornerofthepackage—andthenchecksthecodeagainstapriceliststoredinmemory.Ifthepricelistisright,you’llbechargedaccurately.

Grocerystoresupdatethepricelisteachday—thatis,somebodysitsatakeyboardandtypesintheprices.Ifthepricetheytypeinistoohigh,thereareonlytwoexplanations:carelessnessordishonesty.Butsomehowacomput