2023年阅读理解专项训练试题三

阅读理解专项训练试题三

一、阅读理解

1、EveryAmericanfamilyhasitsowntraditionsonThanksgivingDay,andmineisnodifferent.Oncethenationalholidayarrives,mymomrisesearlytomakethemeal.Sheputsaturkeyintheoven,chopscarrotsandbakespies.I'msorrytosaythatthemeninthefamily—mydad,myyoungerbrotherandmyself—rarelypitchintohelp.Ourjobistowashamountainofdirtydishesafterthemealisover.

Around2p.m.everyThanksgivingDay,familymembersseatthemselvesaroundthekitchentable.Platesofturkey,vegetables,salad,rollsandpiescoverit.Atthispoint,wecanhardlykeepourselvesfromdrooling（流口水）alloverourfancyclothes,butit'snotyettimetoeat.

First,wemustbowourheads,closeoureyesandsayaprayerofthanksaloudtoGodforgivinguseverythingwehave.Undernormalcircumstances,IwouldhavenoproblemmakingalistofthingsIamthankfulfor.Igrewupinalovingfamily.Myparents,whoaren'twealthy,tookoutloanstohelpmepayforuniversity.

But,thefunnythingis,everytimeIsitdownforThanksgivingdinnerandtrytosayaprayerofthanks,mymindusuallygoesblank.Ithinkithassomethingtodowithmygrowling（咕咕叫）stomachandallofthatfoodsittingrightthereundermynose.

Eventually,though,weallfinishourshortprayersanddigin.Tobesure,thedayincludesotherhighlights—visitingfamilyandwatchingfootball.Butusuallyaround6p.m.weareallourselvesstuffedliketurkeysandthankfultohaveanicewarmbedtosleepin

Whydoestheauthor'smindusuallygoblankwhenheissayingaprayerofthanks（）

A．Heistoothankfultosayaword

B．Hismindisonthefoodbeforehim

C．Hefeelstooexcitedtospeak

D．Heistooshytospeakinpublic

2、Theunderlinedphrasedigininthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（）

A．chatwithothers

B．makeahole

C．mixthingsup

D．starteating

3、Whatcanweinferfromthetext（）

A．OnThanksgivingDay,mendonothingbuteat

B．Theauthorisamiddleschoolstudent

C．Theauthor'sfamilyisnotrich,butit'salovingone

D．ThanksgivingDayfallsonThursdayofDecember

4、Thepurposeofthetextisto（）

A．tellwhatthefamilydoforThanksgivingDay

B．tellhowthefamilyspendThanksgivingDay

C．introducefoodsservedonThanksgivingDay

D．introducetheAmericanThanksgivingDay

5、HankViscardiwasbornwithoutlegs.Hehadnolegsbutstumps（残肢）thatcouldbefittedwithakindofspecialboots.Peoplestaredathimwithcruelinterest.ChildrenlaughedathimandcalledhimApeMan（猿人）becausehisarmspracticallydraggedontheground.

Hankwenttoschoollikeotherboys.Hisgradesweregoodandheneededonlyeightyearstofinishhisschoolinginsteadoftheusualtwelve.Aftergraduatingfromschool，heworkedhiswaythroughcollege.Hesweptfloors，waitedontable，orworkedinoneofthecollegeoffices.Duringallthisbusylife,hehadbeenmovingaroundonhisstumps.Butonedaythedoctortoldhimeventhestumpswerenotgoingtolastmuchlonger.Hewouldsoonhavetouseawheelchair.

Hankfelthehimselfgotcoldallover.However,thedoctorsaidtherewasachancethathecouldbefittedwithartificiallegs（假腿）.FinallyalegmakerwasfoundandthedaycamewhenHankstoodupbeforethemirror;forthefirsttimehesawhimselfaswhathehadalwayswantedtobe—amanfullfivefeeteightinchestall.Bythistimehewasalready26yearsold.

Hankhadtolearntousehisnewlegs.Againandagainhemarchedthelengthoftheroom,andmarchedbackagain.Thereweretimeswhenhefelldownonthefloor,buthepulledhimselfupandwentbacktotheendlessmarching.Hewentoutonthestreet.Heclimbedstairsandlearnedtodance.Hebuiltaboatandlearnedtosailit.

WhenWorldWarⅡcame,hetalkedtheRedCrossintogivinghimajob.Hetooktheregulartraining.Hemarchedandtrainedalongwiththeothersoldiers.Fewknewthathewaslegless.ThiswasthetruestoryofHankViscardi,amanwithoutlegs

ChildrenlaughedatHankandcalledhimApeManbecause（）

A．hedidn'ttalktothem

B．hekeptawayfromthem

C．hisarmstouchedthegroundwhenhemoved

D．hecouldn'tusehisarms

6、ThesentencehetalkedtheRedCrossintogivinghimajobimpliesthattheRedCross（）

A．wasonlygladtogivehimajob

B．gavehimajobbecausehewasagoodsoldier

C．gavehimajobafterhetalkedtosomeonewhomheknewintheorganization

D．wasnotwillingtogivehimajobatfirst

7、ThewritersuggeststhatHankViscardi（）

A．hadnofriends

B．neversawhimselfasdifferentfromothers

C．wasveryshy

D．wastooproudtoaccepthelpfromothers

8、WhenHankmarchedandtrainedalongwiththeothersoldiers,he（）

A．dideverythingtheothersoldiersdid

B．didmostofthethingstheothersoldiersdid

C．didsomeofthethingstheothersoldiersdid

D．tooksomespecialtraining

9、Thetemperatureissharplyrisingwitheachpassingday.People,includingmanyexperts,finditdifficulttoslowdowntheprocess.However,leavingcoalandmajorfossilfuelsinthegroundcouldhelptolimitclimatechangeinthefuture,accordingtoanewstudy.Thatistosay,athirdofoilreservesontheearth,halfofgasreservesandover80percentofcurrentcoalreservesshouldnotbeusedbeforetheyear2050.Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture,weoughttocarryoutsomemeasurestoseverelycontroltheemissionsfromfactories,vehiclesandevenourdaily-lifecooking.However,itisagoalthatseemstobeimpossibleinoureyes.

Policymakersindifferentcountriesmustrealizethattheirattempttocompletelyusethefossilfuelswithintheircountriesiswhollyincompatible（互斥的）withtheirhopetoreachthe2-degreegoal,Dr.ChristopheMcGladeatUniversityCollegeLondon'sEnergyInstitutesaidinastatement.Iftheygoaheadwithdevelopingtheirownresources,headded,theymustbeaskedwhichreserveselsewhereshouldremainunburnedinorderforthecarbonbudgetnottogobeyondthelimit.

It'snotsurprisingtoseehowtappingintotheseunusedreserveswouldbeattractive.Energy-relatedindustryisabigbusinessallovertheworld.TherearemanycoalreservesinChina,RussiaandtheUnitedStates,alongwithover260thousandmillionbarrelsofoilreservesintheMiddleEast.NottomentionthatoiliscurrentlybeingdevelopedintheArctic.Companiesspentover＄670billionlastyearintheexpansionoffossilfuels,butaccordingtothenewmodelusedinthislateststudy,developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresourcessoastomakesomecontributionstocontroltheworldtemperaturefromrisinghighinthefuture.

We'venowgotpracticalfiguresofthequantitiesandlocationsoffossilfuelsthatshouldremainunusedifwetrytokeepwithinthe2-degreetemperaturelimit,addedMcGlade.Worldleadersandpolicymakersshouldtaketheadvicetoheart,becausearecentIPCCreportwarnedthatifimmediateandgreatactionisnottakensoon,climatechangewillcauseirreversible（不行逆转的）impactsontheenvironmentworldwide,leavingtheworldanunsafeplaceforustolivein

AccordingtoParagraph1,ourgoalisto（）

A．discovermorefossilfuelsforthefuturegeneration

B．stoptheclimatechange

C．refusetousereservesontheearth

D．keepthetemperaturerisebelow2degreesCelsius

10、AccordingtowhatMcGladesaidinParagraph2,allcountriesshould（）

A．makefulluseoftheirfossilfuels

B．worktogethertowardsthe2-degreegoal

C．findbetterwaystodigoutthecoal

D．increasetheglobalcarbonbudget

11、WecaninferfromParagraph3thatgreateffortshavebeenmadein（）

A．diggingouttheoilintheMiddleEast

B．gettingpeopletorethinktheirfuelplans

C．developingfossilfuels

D．developingenergy-relatedindustryworldwide

12、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftemperaturecontrol（）

A．Confident

B．Negative

C．Satisfied

D．Positive

13、

43.____（）

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16、46.____（）

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47.____（）

18、48.____（）

19、49.____（）

20、50.____（）

21、Becarefulofthosewhousethetruthtodeceivepeople.Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecancreateafalseimpression.Forexample,someonemightsay,Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery（彩票）.Itwasgreat.Itookthatlotteryticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!Thisguy'sawinner,right?Maybeyes,maybeno,wethendiscoveredthathehadboughttwohundredtickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He'sreallyabigloser!

Hedidn'tsayanythingthatwasfalse,buthedeliberatelyomittedimportantinformation.That'scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnicallylies,buttheyarejustasdishonest.

Untrustworthycandidatesinpoliticalcampaignsoftenusethisstrategy.Let'ssaythatduringGovernorSmith'slastterm,herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thenshesoughtanotherterm.Oneofheropponentsrananadsaying,DuringGovernorSmith'sterm,thestatelostonemillionjobs!That'strue.However,anhoneststatementwouldhavebeen,DuringGovernorSmith'sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs.

Advertiserswillsometimesusehalf-truths.It'sagainstthelawtomakefalseclaimssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadmightboast（自夸）,NineoutoftendoctorsrecommendYuckyPillstocurenosepimples（粉刺）.ItfailstomentionthattheyonlyaskedtendoctorsandnineofthemworkfortheYuckyCorporation.Thiskindofdeceivinghappenstoooften.It'sasadfactoflife:Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanbealieaswell

TheworddeceiveinParagraph1probablymeansinthispassage（）

A．tellsomeonetomakehisjudgment

B．refusetobelievethatsomethingistrue

C．makesomeonebelievesomethingiswrong

D．givesomeoneawrongbeliefaboutsomething

22、Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageistotellreaders（）

A．tothinkcarefullyaboutwhattheyreadandhear

B．toavoidleavingoutimportantinformation

C．howtoreadadvertisements

D．howtodealwithliars

23、Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage（）

A．It'scommontodeliberatelyomitimportantinformationinanewsreport

B．It'squitelikelythatthetruthcanbeusedindishonestways

C．MostpeoplebecamejoblessduringGovernorSmith'sterm

D．Itisafactthatliesareliesbutthetruthcanhardlybelies

24、Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage（）

A．WhyPeopleLie

B．MakingFalseClaims

C．LyingWiththeTruth

D．HowtoWinaLottery

25、Findingagoodwork-at-homejobisnoteasy.Althoughyouseealltheonlineadvertising,therearen'tthatmanyofthem.Thosethatareavailablemayrequirethatyouliveinacertainareaorspendatleastsometimeintheoffice.Othersmaybeonlypart-timejobs.Keepinmindthattheskillsneededforhomeemploymentaresimilartothoseneededforworkinginanoffice.You'llalsoneedahomeofficewithahigh-speedInternetconnection,phone,fax,computer,printer,andotherbasicofficeequipment.

Togetstarted,consideryourjobsearchasyourjob.Spendasmanyhoursperweekonyourjobsearchasyouwouldspendworking.Ifyou'relookingforafull-timejob,youshouldspendfull-timehoursseekingajob.

Networking（建立人际关系网）remainsthetopwaytofindajobanditdoeswork.Developcontacts—friends,families,andeventheotherjobseekers,anyonewhomighthavetheinformationyouneed.Youcantakeadirectapproachandaskforjobinformationortryalessformalapproachandaskforinformationandadvice.Contacteveryoneyouknowandtellthemyouwanttoworkathome.Youmaybesurprisedbythepeopletheyknowandthejobinformationtheycanprovide

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,itisnoteasytofindgoodwork-at-homejobsbecause（）

A．theyareseldomadvertisedonlineorinnewspapers

B．theymayrequirethatyouliveinacertainplace

C．youarealwaysaskedtoworkfull-time

D．youneedtohaveacollegedegree

26、Tofindagoodwork-at-homejob,youareadvisedto（）

A．createawebsiteofyourown

B．contactasmanycompaniesasyoucan

C．tryyourbesttolookforfull-timeemployment

D．spendasmuchtimeaspossibleonyourjobsearch

27、Accordingtothepassage,thebestwaytofindawork-at-homejobis（）

A．throughnetworking

B．bypersonalvisits

C．throughonlineapplication

D．byemail

28、Thepassageismainlyabout（）

A．howtobuildawork-at-homeoffice

B．howtolookforawork-at-homejob

C．theequipmentneededforworkingathome

D．theskillsrequiredforworkingathome

29、Howmanytimeshaveyougotupsetbecausesomeonewasn'tdoinghisjob,orbecauseyourchildwasn'tbehaving?Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenirritatedwhenyouplannedsomethingcarefullyandthingsdidn'tgoasyou'dhoped?

Thiskindofangerandirritationhappenstoallofus—it'spartofthehumanexperience.Onethingthatirritatesmeiswhenpeopletalkduringamovie,orcutmeoffintraffic.Actually,Ihavealotoftheselittleannoyances—don'tweall?Anditisn'talwayseasytofindpeacewhenyou'vebecomeupsetorirritated.

Letmetellyoualittlesecrettofindingpeaceofmind:seetheglassasalreadybroken.See,thecauseofourstress,angerandirritationisthatthingsdon'tgothewaywelike,orthewayweexpectthemto.Thinkofhowmanytimesthishasbeentrueforyou.Andsothesolutionissimple:expectthingstogowrong;expectthingstobedifferentfromwhatwehopedorplanned;expecttheunexpectedtohappen.Andacceptit.

Onequickexample:onourrecenttriptoJapan,Itoldmykidstoexpectthingstogowrong—theyalwaysdothatonatrip.Itoldthem,Seeitaspartoftheadventure.

Andthisworkedlikeacharm.Whenweinevitablytookthewrongtrainonaforeignlanguagesubwaysystem,orwhenitrainedonthedaywewenttoDisneySea,orwhenwetookthreetrainsandwalked10blocksonlytofindtheNationalChildren'sCastleclosedonMondays…theysaid,It'spartoftheadventure!AnditwasallOK—wedidn'tgettoobothered.

Sowhentheniceglassyouboughtinevitablyfallsandbreakssomeday,youmightgetupset.Butthingswillbedifferent,ifyouseetheglassasalreadybroken,fromthedayyougetit.Youknowit'llbreaksomeday,sofromthebeginning,seeitasalreadybroken.Beatimetraveler,orsomeonewithtimetravelingvision,andseethefutureofthisglass,fromthismomentuntilitinevitablybreaks.Andwhenitbreaks,youwon'tbeupsetorsad—becauseitwasalreadybroken,fromthedayyougotit.Andyou'llrealizethateverymomentyouhavewithitisprecious

Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat（）

A．weshouldcontrolourangerandirritation

B．weneedn'tgetwellpreparedforthefuture

C．optimismcanhelpusovercomeourangerandirritation

D．angerandirritationisanaturalpartofourlife

30、Bytheunderlinedpart（Para.3）,theauthortellsusto（）

A．getreadyfortheworstresultofthings

B．enjoytheprocessofthings

C．expectlittlefromlife

D．findtherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect

31、Theauthor'schildrencouldenjoytheirtriptoJapanbecause（）

A．everythingwentsmoothly

B．theyhadalotofadventures

C．theyhadexpectedthingstogowrong

D．theycouldsoongetusedtothecustomsthere

32、Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto（）

A．tellushisownexperienceinlife

B．tellushowtofindpeaceofmind

C．tellusahappytriphetookwithhischildren

D．askustoseethingsfrombothsides

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43.____（）

34、44.____（）

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38、48.____（）

39、49.____（）

40、50.____（）

41、Thebusinesscycleiscomposedofmanyphasesandoneofthemistheexpansionphase.Thisphaseisatwofoldone,includingrecoveryandprosperity.

Duringtherecoveryperiodthereisanever-growingexpansionofexistingequipment.Andnewfacilitiesforproductionarecreated.Morebusinessesarecreatedandolderonesareexpanded.Improvementsofseriouskindsaremade.Thereisaneverincreasinglypositiveviewaboutthefutureofeconomicgrowth.Muchcapitalisinvestedinmachineryorheavyindustry.Morelabourisemployed.Morerawmaterialsarerequired.

Asmorepartsoftheeconomydevelop,otherpartsareaffected.Forexample,theexpansioninautomobilesresultsinanexpansionofthesteelandrubberindustries.Roadsarerequired;thusthecementandmachineryindustriesareactivated.Demandforlabourandmaterialsresultsingreaterprosperityforworkersandsuppliersofrawmaterials.Thisincreasestheamountofgoodsboughtandsold.Thusprosperitydevelopsamongthevariouspartsofthepopulation.

Thisprosperityperiodmaycontinuetorisewithoutanobviousend.However,atimecomeswhenthisphasereachesapeakandstopsgoingupwards.Thisistheendoftheexpansionphase

WhichofthefollowingdoesNOThappenineconomicrecovery（）

A．Theexpansionofexistingfacilities

B．Thecreationofnewbusinesses

C．Thedisappearanceofoldbusinesses

D．Theincreaseofoptimismaboutthefutureoftheeconomy

42、Whichofthefollowingindicatestheendoftheexpansionphase（）

A．Theincreaseofrawmaterials

B．Thegrowthstoppingatapeak

C．Thefurtherincreaseoflabour

D．Theexpansionofgoods

43、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage（）

A．Sectionsoftheeconomydonotinfluenceeachother

B．Intheexpansionphasethebusinessmaintainsdevelopmentinthelongrun

C．Theendofthebusinessintheprosperityperiodcanbeobviouslyseen

D．Partsoftheeconomyarecloselyrelatedtoeachother

44、Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat（）

A．economicexpansionisfast

B．thebusinesscanexpandendlessly

C．theendofonebusinessexpansionwillcertainlyhappen

D．theeconomicrisetothepeakisslow

45、Inaworldasfast-changingandfullofinformationasourown,allofusneedtoknowhowtolearnwell.Yetevidencesuggeststhatmostofusdon'tusethelearningtechniquesthatsciencehasprovedthemosteffective.

Thescientificliteratureevaluatingthesetechniquesgoesbacktodecadesagoandacrossthousandsofarticles.It'sfartooextensiveandcomplexfortheaverageparent,teacheroremployertolookthrough.Fortunately,ateamoffiveleadingpsychologistshavedonethejobforus.

ProfessorJohnDunloskyandotherpsychologistscloselyexamined10learningstrategiesandratedeachfromhightolowutilityonthebasisoftheevidencethey'vegathered.Here'spartoftheirconclusions:

Incontrasttofamiliarpractices,theeffectivelearningstrategieswiththemostevidencetosupportthemaren'twellknownoutsidethelab.Takedistributedpracticeforexample.Thisstrategyinvolvesspreadingoutyourstudytime,ratherthanengaginginonemarathon.Cramminginformationatthelastminutemayallowyoutogetthroughthattestormeeting,butthematerialswillquicklydisappearfromyourmemory.It'smuchmoreeffectivetolookthroughthematerialsatintervalsovertime.Andthelongeryouwanttoremembertheinformation,whetherit'stwoweeksortwoyears,thelongertheintervalshouldbe.

ThesecondlearningstrategythatishighlyrecommendedbyDunloskyispracticetesting.Yes,moretests—butnotforagrade.Researchshowsthatthemereactofcallinginformationtomindstrengthensthatknowledgeandaidsinfutureretrieval（检索）.Whilepracticetestingisnotacommonstrategy—despitethestrongevidencesupportingit—thereisonefamiliarapproachthatcapturesitsbenefits:usingflashcards.Andnowflashcardscanbepresentedindigitalform.BothdistributedpracticeandpracticetestingwereratedashavinghighutilitybyDunlosky

Howdidthepsychologistsstudyandratethelearningstrategies（）

A．Byanalyzingthematerialsgatheredinthepastyears

B．Byaskingsomestudentsquestionsabouttheirstudy

C．Bydoingsomeexperimentsontheobjectsinthelab

D．Byaskingparentsandteacherstolookthroughthearticles

46、TheunderlinedwordextensiveinParagraph2means（）

A．smallinamount

B．easyorquicktodo

C．morethanneeded

D．dealingwithalotofinformation

47、Thestrategyofdistributedpracticeshowsthat（）

A．weshouldnotstudyforlonghourseveryday

B．reviewingwhatwehavestudiedisoflittlehelp

C．theshortertheintervalis,thebetterwe'llstudy

D．doingrepetitionatintervalsisthebestway

48、Theevidenceshowsthatthestrategyofpracticetesting（）

A．isawaytouseflashcardstohelpstudy

B．ismainlyusedtohelpusrememberwell

C．helpsknowaboutstudents'gradesintime

D．isawaywidelyusedtoincreasememory

49、Counterfeitmedicationsareawidespreadproblemindevelopingcountries.Likeothercounterfeits,theylooklikerealproducts.Butcounterfeitdrugsmaycontaintoomuch,toolittleornoneoftheactiveingredientsoftherealthing.

Peopledonotgetthemedicinetheyneed.Andinsomecasesthecounterfeitscausedeath.TwentychildreninBangla