2022年考研英语一真题阅读理解text3原文

年考研英语一真题阅读理解text3原文2022考研英语一考试已经结束，盼望大家考的都不错，下面是为大家整理的2022考研英语一真题阅读理解text3原文，以供大家参考。

Text3

Progressivesoftensupportdiversitymandatesasapathtoequalityandawaytoleveltheplayingfield.Butalltoooftensuchpoliciesareaninsincereformofvirtue-signalingthatbenefitsonlythemostprivilegedanddoeslittletohelpaveragepeople.

ApairofbillssponsoredbyMassachusettsstateSenatorJasonLewisandHouseSpeakerProTemporePatriciaHaddad,toensuregenderparityonboardsandcommissions,provideacaseinpoint.

HaddadandLewisareconcernedthatmorethanhalfthestate-governmentboardsarelessthan40percentfemale.Inordertoensurethatelitewomenhavemoresuchopportunities,theyhaveproposedimposinggovernmentquotas.Ifthebillsbecomelaw,stateboardsandcommissionswillberequiredtosetaside50percentofboardseatsforwomenby2022.

ThebillsaresimilartoameasurerecentlyadoptedinCalifomia,whichlastyearbecamethefirststatetorequiregenderquotasforprivatecompanies.Insigningthemeasure,CaliforniaGovernorJerryBrownadmittedthatthelaw,whichexpresslyclassifiespeopleonthebasisofsex,isprobablyunconstitutional.

TheUSSupremeCourtfrownsonsex-basedclassificationsunlesstheyaredesignedtoaddressanimportantpolicyinterest,BecausetheCalifornialawappliestoallboards,evenwherethereisnohistoryofpriordiscrimination,courtsarelikelytorulethatthelawviolatestheconstitutionalguaranteeofequalprotection.

Butaresuchgovernmentmandatesevennecessary?Femaleparticipationoncorporateboardsmaynotcurrentlymirrorthepereentageofwomeninthegeneralpopulation,butsowhat?

Thenumberofwomenoncorporateboardshasbeensteadilyincreasingwithoutgovernmentinterference.AccordingtoastudybyCatalyst,between2022and2022theshareofwomenontheboardsofglobalcorporationsincreasedby54percent.

Requiringcompaniestomakegendertheprimaryqualificationforboardmembershipwillinevitablyleadtolessexperiencedprivatesectorboards.ThatisexactlywhathappenedwhenNorwayadoptedanationwidecorporategenderquota.

WrtinginTheNewRepublic,AliceLeenotesthatincreasingthenumberofopportunitiesforboardmembershipwithoutincreasingthepoolofqualifiedwomentoserveonsuchboardshasledtoagoldenskirtphenomenon,wherethesameclitewomenscoopupmultipleseatsonavarietyofboards.

Nexttimesomebodypushescorporatequotasasawaytopromotegenderequity,rememberthatsuchpoliciesarelargelyself-servingmeasuresthatmaketheirsponsorsfeelgoodbutdolitletohelpaveragewomen.

31.TheauthorbelievesthatthebillssponsoredbyLewisandHaddadwills________

[A]helplittletoreducegenderbias.

[B]poseathreattothestategovernment.

[C]raisewomenspositioninpolitics.

[D]greatlybroadencareeroptions.

32.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheCaliforniameasure?

[A]Ithasirritatedprivatebusinessowners.

[B]ItiswelcomedbytheSupremeCourt,

[C]ItmaygoagainsttheConstitution.

[D]Itwillsettlethepriorcontroversies.

33.TheauthormentionsthestudybyCatalysttoilustrate____

[A]theharmfromarbitraryboarddecision.

[B]theimportanceofconstitutionalguaranees.

[C]thepressureonwomeninglobalcorporations.

[D]theneedlessnessofgovernmentinterventions.

34.Norwaysadoptionofanationwidecorporategenderquotahasledto____

[A]theunderestimationofelitewomensrole.

[B]theobjectiontofemaleparticipationonboards.

[C]theentryofunqualifiedcandidatesintotheboard.

[D]thegrowingtensionbetweenlaborandmanagement.

35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

[A]Womensneedinemploymentshouldbeconsidered.

[B]Feasibilityshouldbeaprimeconcerninpolicymaking.

[C]Everyoneshouldtryhardtopromote