2023年高考英语一轮复习专题4.3AtasteofEnglishhumour（测）（含解析）

PAGE2-专题4.3AtasteofEnglishhumour单元检测卷〔时间50分钟；总分值100分〕班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________I语言知识及应用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节完形填空完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕【黑龙江省大庆中学2022届高三上学期开学考试】完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕“Icouldn’tsurvivewithoutmusic,〞saysfifteen-year-oldSteve.Inthemorning,Stevewakesuptohisfavorite___1___station.Helistenstorockontheradiowhileheeats___2___.Heputsonhispersonalstereo(立体声唱机)beforeheleavesthehouseandlistenstocassettesonthebusto___3___.“LastweekIputmyheadphonesoninthemaths___4___.〞admitsSteve.“Theteacherwasreally___5___.ShetookmyheadphonesawayandIcouldn’tusethemforaweek.Itwas___6___.〞AthomeStevedoeshishomeworktomusic—loudmusic.“Mymother___7___shouts‘Turnitdown!’〞saysSteve.“Shecan’t___8___howIcanwork___9___musicon,butmusic___10___metoconcentrate.〞Stevewouldliketomakemusichimself.“I’mlearningtoplaytheguitar.___11___,itdoesn’tsoundtoogoodatthe___12___.ButI’mgoingtokeeppracticing!〞For___13___likeSteve,musicisaveryimportantpartof___14___.Musicissocial;itbringspeopletogetheratdiscos,partiesandconcerts.Fast,___15___musicisfullofenergy;ithelpspeopleto___16___theirproblemsandhave___17___.Musictalksaboutlove,freedomandimagination.Therearealwaysnewsongsandnewstyles.___18___Steve’smotheragreesthatmusicbringssomeproblems.“Steveisasensibleboy,〞shesays,“Idon’tthinkhewouldevertakedrugshearingrock.ButI___19___worryabouthishearingwithallthatloudmusic.Andit___20___mecrazy!〞1.A.railway B.radio C.television D.bus2.A.supper B.lunch C.breakfast D.dinner3.A.school B.office C.work D.party4.A.workshop B.schoolroomC.dormitory D.class5.A.angry B.worried C.excited D.tired6.A.surprising B.hopeless C.terrible D.poor7.A.sometimes B.always C.frequently D.seldom8.A.understand B.bear C.expect D.believe9.A.while B.with C.for D.at10.A.causes B.leads C.helps D.forces11.A.Unluckily B.NecessarilyC.Disappointingly D.Actually12.A.moment B.last C.first D.period13.A.boys B.teenagers C.friends D.girls14.A.study B.school C.family D.life15.A.sound B.loud C.light D.noisy16.A.remove B.settle C.forget D.leave17.A.fun B.future C.smiles D.sense18.A.And B.However C.Meanwhile D.But19.A.can B.should C.will D.do20.A.causes B.results C.drivesD.leaves【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.C11.D12.A13.B14.D15.B16.C17.A18.D19.D20.C4.考查名词辨析。句意：上周我在数学课上戴上了耳机。workshop创作室；schoolroom教室；dormitory宿舍；class班级，上课。根据“ShetookmyheadphonesawayandIcouldn’tusethemforaweek.〞她拿走了我的耳机，一周的时间都不能使用。可知他在上课的时候戴耳机。根据题意，应选D。5.考查形容词辨析。句意：老师非常的生气。angry生气的；worried担忧的；excited兴奋的；tired疲倦的。根据题意，应选A。6.考查形容词辨析。句意：这是非常可怕的。surprising令人吃惊的；hopeless绝望的；terrible可怕的；poor贫穷的，贫乏的。根据“Icouldn’tsurvivewithoutmusic〞没有音乐就无法生存，以及“ShetookmyheadphonesawayandIcouldn’tusethemforaweek.〞她拿走了我的耳机，一周的时间都不能使用。可知Steve对音乐非常痴迷，一刻也离不开音乐，一周不能听音乐对他来说，是可怕的。应选C。7.考查副词辨析。句意：母亲经常让我关小一点。sometimes有时；always经常；frequently频繁地；seldom难得，很少。always与frequently，sometimes相比更能表示母亲对此行为的反对。根据题意，应选B。8.考查动词辨析。句意：她无法理解“我〞怎么能够开着音乐来做作业。understand理解；bear承当，忍受；expect期望；believe相信。根据“Mymother___7___shouts‘Turnitdown!’〞母亲经常让我关小一点。这是她老是朝我大喊的原因。根据题意，应选A。11.考查副词辨析。句意：事实上，我自己正在学吉他。Unluckily不幸地；Necessarily必要地；Disappointingly失望地；Actually实际上。根据“ButI’mgoingtokeeppracticing!〞我会坚持练习。可知他正在学习。根据题意，应选D。12.考查名词辨析。句意：目前弹得不太好。moment时刻；last最后；first首先；period时期。atthemoment等于now，指“目前情况下〞。根据题意，应选A。13.考查名词辨析。句意：像Steve这样的少年。boys男孩；teenagers青少年；friends朋友；girls女孩。根据首句“saysfifteen-year-oldSteve.〞可知steve是少年。根据题意，应选B。14.考查名词辨析。句意：音乐是他生命中的重要组成局部。study学习，研究；school学校；family家庭；life生活。从Steve的经历可以看出，音乐是他们生活重要的组成局部，而不仅仅是表达在学校或学习中。根据题意，应选D。15.考查形容词辨析。句意：又响又亮的音乐充满了力量。sound合理的，完好的；loud响亮的；light轻的，微弱的；noisy嘈杂的。根据题意，应选B。16.考查动词辨析。句意：音乐让人忘记不快乐的东西给人带来快乐。remove迁移；settle定居；forget忘记；leave离开。应选C。19.考查情态动词辨析。句意：但是我很担忧总是很大的音乐声会对他的听力有影响。can能；should应该；will将要；do〔加强语气〕。这里用do表示强调，相当于really。根据题意，应选D。20.考查动词辨析。句意：音乐使人疯狂。causes引起；results发生，产生；drives驱使；leaves离开。drivesb.crazy习惯搭配，意思是“使人发疯；使人狂热〞，根据题意，应选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每题1.5分，总分值15分)【河南省南阳市第一中学2022届高三实验班第一次考试】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容〔每空1词〕或括号内单词的正确形式。Manypeoplemaythinkit’sridiculousthatanimalsshouldhavetheirfeelings.Asamatteroffact,animals’feelingsaresometimeseven___21___(warm)thanwecanimagine.Savanah,aone-and-a-half-year-oldleopard,andMax,___22___dogwhoisjustafewweeksyounger,havebecomethebestfriendsatOhioZoo.Theygetalongquitewellwitheachotherandchaseaftereachotherallthetimecheerfully.___23___Savanahwasjust10weeksold,theyhavebeenputtogether.Fromthenon,theirfriendshiphasamazedlargenumbersof___24___(visit)tothezoo.____25____movingstoryoccurredinTurkey.Winter___26___(sweep)theNorthernHemisphere,butperhapsnoonehadbeenhitashardby___27___(freeze)temperaturesasfivedonkeysinTurkey.Theunattended(无人照顾)donkeysinasmallTurkishvillagewerecoveredbysnow,withicicles(冰柱)___28___(hang)offtheirbodies.Later,arescueteamfoundthedonkeys,someof___29___,however,weresofrozenthattheycouldn’tmoveandhadtobecarriedawaybyatruck.__30___beinghousedinawarmshelter,allthedonkeyswere“defrosted(解冻)〞andalivebecauseoftheirstrongdetermination.【答案】21.warmer22.a23.Since24.visitors25.Another26.wassweeping27.freezing28.hanging29.which30.After4.largenumbersof修饰可数名词的复数形式，故答案为visitors。5.前面讲了一个关于动物的故事，后面又要讲发生在土耳其的另一个感人的故事，故答案为Another。注意大写开头。6.句意：冬季正席卷着theNorthernHemisphere。根据句意可知用过去进行时态，答案为wassweeping。7.介词后面用doing做宾语，bydoingsth.，可知答案为freezing。8.此处是with的独立主格结构，with+宾语+doing，表示主动，故答案为hanging。9.此处是定语从句，指代前面的donkeys，关系代词在介词后面，指物，可知答案为which。10.根据上下文可知，此处表示“被收留在一处温暖的处所后〞，故填after。II阅读(共两节，总分值30分)第一节阅读理解(共1小题；每题2分，总分值20分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【河南省南阳市第一中学2022届高三实验班第一次考试】BAnewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag(时差).Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudy,whichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudy,theflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesaliva(唾液)fromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofahormone

thatincreasesduringstress.Hetestedthemtoseeiftheycouldrememberwhereblackspotsappearedonacomputerscreen.Andhetookpicturesoftheirbrainstomeasurethesizeofthebrain’stemporallobes(脑叶).Itwasfoundthatthewomenwhohadlesstimebetweenflightshadsmallerrighttemporallobes.Thisareaofthebraindealswithrecognizingandrememberingwhatisseen.Thesamegroupperformedworseandhadslowerreactiononthevisualmemorytest.Andtheirsalivasamplesshowedhigherlevelsofstresshormones.Theresearcherbelievesthebrainneedsatleasttendaystorecoverafteralongtrip.Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.Otherstudieshaveshownthatincreasedfeelingsofstresscancausealossofcellsinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.Theywanttofindoutiftoomuchjetlagcouldpermanentlyaffectmemory.31.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.theconclusionisrefusedbymanyscientistsB.scientistsfearthatthisresearchisnotdoneproperlyC.everyscientificconclusionneedsthesupportfrommanytestsD.thewomenwhowereexaminedintheresearchwerenothealthy32.Fromtheresultoftheresearchwecanseethat_____.A.thewomenwhohavelongerrestathomeperformbetteronthetest.B.thewomenwhoflyinshorttimehavesmallerrighttemporallobesC.thewomenwhohavelongerflightsfailthememorytestD.thewomenwhorestmorethan14daysproducemorehormones33.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetest?A.Thecauseofjetlag.B.Astoryofagroupofflightattendants.C.Theimportanceofhavingenoughrestafterflights.D.Aresearchabouttheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain【解析】这是一篇科普文章，是科学家对于飞行时差反响对人脑的影响所做的实验。31.C根据Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.故答案应为C。32.A根据Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.A符合题意。33.D根据Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.。答案为D。【名师点睛】一般情况下科普类文章是阅读理解题的难点，它们生词多、专业术语多，理解难度比拟大。对于这类文章我们要静下心来，先略读，通读全文，对文章大意有个模糊理解，然后看题目，再带着题目细读文章，找到答题依据，得出正确答案。B【海南省〔海南中学、文昌中学、海口市第一中学、农垦中等八校2022届高三上学期新起点联盟】CMiddleschoolgraduationstylemaybeabitmorecasualthanformalhighschoolorcollegeceremonies,butthemovefromjuniortoseniorhighschoolisstillanimportantoccasionthatcanbecelebratedinmanyways.Thedecisionwhetherstudentswillwearcapsandgowns〔礼服〕formiddleschoolgraduationisusuallyuptotheindividualschool.Somefeelthatthisistheperfectwaytocommemoratethespecialoccasion,whileothersfeelthecapandgownisunnecessaryforajuniorhighceremony.Forthoseschoolsthatchoosenottousecapsandgowns,itistypicallysuggestedthatstudentsweardressclothesfortheoccasion.Studentsmayalsobeencouragedtodressforgraduationinauniformmanner,suchaswhiteshirtsandblackpantsorskirts,oreducatorsmaysuggestdressingintheschoolcolors.Schoolsthatchoosetohavestudentswearacademicregalia〔制服〕fortheceremonymaychoosetopurchasegownsinavarietyofsizesfromastoresuchasGraduateAffairs,andthenletstudentsborrowthem,andreusethemeachyear.CapsmaybepurchasedbyaParent-TeacherOrganizationorbytheindividualgraduates.Parentsmaychoosetohostopenhouseorpartywhentheirchildgraduatesfrommiddleschool.Thisistypicallyaninformalaffair,suchasabarbequeorpoolparty,orsimplyappetizersorcaketohonorthegraduate.Simplebackyardgamessuchasvolleyball,bocceball,andFrisbeeareafunwaytoentertainyoungteens,tweens,andwell-wishers.Otherpartygamesandabandmightalsobeconsiderationsforalargeormorecomplicatedgathering.Whethersimpleorcomplex,therearemanywaystorememberagraduationfrommiddleschoolandmakethistimeaspecialandwonderfulone.Graduationeventsareperfectforhighlightingastudent’sachievementsduringmiddleschoolandpreparingforhisorherfuturesuccess.34.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“commemorate〞inParagraph2?A.passB.easeC.celebrateD.avoid35.Howdostudentsoftengetthegownsformiddleschoolgraduation?A.Theygetthemfromtheschool.B.Theypurchasethemfromstores.C.Theymakethembythemselves.D.TheyborrowthemfromtheGraduateAffairs.36.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Sportsgameswillbefreeforstudents.B.Parentsarelessinterestedinthecelebration.C.Studentswillexchangegiftsatthecelebration.D.Therearevariouswaystohonorthegraduation.37.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothecelebrationofmiddleschoolgraduation?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous.D.Sympathetic.【答案】34.C35.A36.D37.A35.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Schoolsthatchoosetohavestudentswearacademicregalia〔制服〕fortheceremonymaychoosetopurchasegownsinavarietyofsizesfromastoresuchasGraduateAffairs,andthenletstudentsborrowthem,andreusethemeachyear.〞可知，学校买下各种大小的礼服，然后让学生们借用，每年重复使用。应选A.36.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段介绍父母可以为孩子提供一些聚会或者娱乐活动纪念毕业，最后一段“Whethersimpleorcomplex,therearemanywaystorememberagraduationfrommiddleschoolandmakethistimeaspecialandwonderfulone.〞可知，无论简单复杂，有很多种方法让你记住毕业，让它成为美好特别的回忆。总结最后两段的意思是有很多种方法庆祝和纪念毕业。应选D.37.观点态度题。根据短文对毕业的庆祝的各种介绍，以及文中最后一段“Graduationeventsareperfectforhighlightingastudent’sachievementsduringmiddleschoolandpreparingforhisorherfuturesuccess.〞，作者形容毕业典礼可以突出中学时期的成就感，为将来的成功做准备。总结作者对庆祝毕业是支持的。应选A.C【黑龙江省大庆中学2022届高三上学期开学考试】DWecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsay(传闻)andrumor.DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thaiperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarccompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stampingitwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.38.Accordingtothepassage,activelearningmayoccurin.A.doingachemicalexperimentB.listeningtotheteacherinclassC.watchingnewsprogramonTVD.readingscientificjournals39.ThegameRumorismentionedinParagraph4inordertotellreadersthat.A.playinggamescanmakepeoplemoreactiveB.peopletendtoliketellinglieswhenplayinggamesC.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearingD.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedon40.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Scholarsandauthorscan’tbetrusted.B.Peoplelikespreadingrumorsindailylife.C.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.D.Activelearningismoreimportantthanpassivelearning.【答案】38.A39.D40.C第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕【云南省玉溪市第一中学2022届高三上学期第一次月考】根据短文内容,Coffeeisoneofthemostpopulardrinksaroundtheworld.

41Expertsclaimthattherearemoreflavorsofcoffeethanthereareofwine.Coffeecontainscaffeine,anelement(成分)thatraisesourawareness,keepsusfromfallingasleeporsimplygivesusakickinthemorningorafterlunch.

42

Foralongtimedoctorshavetoldpeoplenottodrinktoomuchcoffee,becauseitmayleadtoheartproblems,highbloodpressure,insomnia(失眠)andheadaches.Scientistshavenowfoundoutthatitisthequalityofcoffeeandthewayitisbrewed(冲泡)thatholdsthekeytoourhealth.

43Amongotherthings,thisislinkedtotheconsumptionofastrongbrewofcoffee.Expertsalsopointoutthatdifferentroastsandtypesofcoffeebeanshavedifferenteffectsonourhealth.AnewstudybyaHarvardresearchgroupsaysthatthereisnolinkbetweencoffeeandhealthproblems.

44Doctors,however,warnagainstdrinkingtoomuchcoffee,asitcanleadtostomachproblems.Coffeehasmanyadvantages,asthenewstudysuggests.Whilealcoholmakespeoplesleepyandslow-moving,coffeegivesthemenergy.

45

Althoughalotstillneedstobeuncoveredaboutcoffee,itseemstoreducetheriskofcanceranddiabetes.ReportsshowthatpeoplewhodrinkcoffeemaydevelopParkinson’sdiseaselaterinlife,ormaybenotatall.A.Therearemanydifferenttypesofcoffee.B.Scientistsaskpeoplenottodrinkcoffeeatnight.C.ElderlypeopleinGreecelivelongerthannormal.D.Butexpertsarestillundecidedonhowhealthycoffeeis.E.Sugarcanchangethedifferentlevelsofcaffeineinacupofcoffee.F.Drinkingseveralcupsofcoffeeadayisnotconnectedwithheartdiseases.G.Gettingtogetherforacupofcoffeealsohasapositiveeffectonrelationships.【解析】43.C根据上文提到Scientistshavenowfoundoutthatitisthequalityofcoffeeandthewayitisbrewed(冲泡)thatholdsthekeytoourhealth.现在，科学家们发现咖啡对我们健康影响的关键在于咖啡的质量和其冲泡的方式，应选C希腊卡里亚岛上的老年人比一般人长寿。44.F根据上文提到AnewstudybyaHarvardresearchgroupsaysthatthereisnolinkbetweencoffeeandhealthproblems哈佛大学一研究小组的一项新的研究发现，咖啡和健康问题没有什么关联，应选F每天喝咖啡与过早死亡或其它心脏病没有关系。45.G根据上文提到Whilealcoholmakespeoplesleepyandslow-moving,coffeegivesthemenergy酒精使人昏睡、动作迟