2023年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题三阅读理解考点二十说理议论类

PAGEPAGE17考点二十说理议论类A限时7分Itisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebecominghorribleeq\a\vs4\al(W1).Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbecomefiercetigersbehindthewheel.Itisallrighttohaveatigerinacage,buttohaveoneinthedriver'sseatisanothermatter.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsense.Ittakesthemostcool­headeddriversgreatpatiencetogiveupthedesireeq\a\vs4\al(W2)tobeatbackwhenforcedtofacerudedriving.Ontheotherhandeq\a\vs4\al(P1)，alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsreducingthepossibilityofquarrellingandfighting.Afriendlynodorawaveofthanksinanswertoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandbecomessonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchbehaviorofpolitenessisbynomeanseq\a\vs4\al(P2)enough.Manydriversnowadaysdon'tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Atypicalexampleisthedriverwhowavesachildcrossingthestreetatawrongplaceintothepathofoncomingcarsthatmaynotbeabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheywantto.Anexperienceddriver,whosemannersarefaultlesseq\a\vs4\al(W3)，toldmeitwouldhelpifdriverslearnttocorrectlyjoininatrafficstreamwithoutcausingtotalblockagesthatgiverisetounpleasantfeelings.Unfortunately,moderndriverscan'tevenlearntodrive,letalonemastertheroadmanship(公路驾车技能).Yearsago,expertswarnedusthatthefastincreaseofthecarownershipwoulddemandmoregive­and­take(互谅互让)fromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.eq\a\vs4\al(S)eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了礼貌行车的问题。)1．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.A．trafficjams B．goodmannersC．roadpoliteness D．moderndrivers答案C主旨大意题。根据全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论了驾驶员行车平安及礼仪的问题，应选C。2．Troublesontheroadareoftencausedby________.A．trafficjamsB．thebehaviorofthedriversC．thegreatspeedofmodernlifeD．terribleroadconditions答案B推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Itisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebecominghorrible.〞可推知，路上的麻烦大多是由驾驶员的不良行为引起的，行车礼仪问题正变得越来越严峻，应选B。3．Accordingtothewriter,agooddrivershould________.A．encouragechildrentocrosstheroadwhenevertheywanttoB．beatbackwhenforcedtofacerudedrivingC．beabletorecognizepolitenesswhenheseesitD．joininatrafficstreamquicklyhoweverotherpeoplefeel答案C推理判断题。根据第二段的最后两句“Butsuchbehaviorofpolitenessisbynomeansenough.Manydriversnowadaysdon'tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.〞可推知，一个好的驾驶员应该能够认可道路礼貌行为，应选C。4．Itisnotalwaysrightfordriversto________.A．mastertheroadmanshipB．neglectpolitenesswhentheyseeitC．giveafriendlynodinanswertoanactofpolitenessD．encourageoldladiestocrosstheroadwheneverandwherevertheywantto答案D细节理解题。根据第三段首句“However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.〞和最后一句“Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheywantto.〞可知，对于司机们来说，煽动老妇人随时随地过马路并不总是正确的，应选D。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．horribleadj.可怕的2.desiren.渴望3．faultlessadj.无缺点的；完美的eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．ontheotherhand另一方面2．bynomeans决不eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.(固定句式Itis(high)timeforsb.todosth.对某人来说(早)到了做某事的时间了。)译文：是我们所有人该用心记住这句话的时候了。仿写：It_is_high_timeforyoutocleantheroom.该是你清扫房间的时候了。B限时8分ToFriendorNotToFriendWeallloveourparentsandturntothemwhenwe'reinneed,butwouldyoulikethemtoheartheconversationsyouhavewithyourfriendsontheschoolplaygroundorlunchqueue?Socialnetworkingsiteshavebecomeextensionseq\a\vs4\al(W1)oftheschoolhallways,sowouldyouaddyourparentsas“friends〞andallowthemtoviewyouronlineactivitiesandconversationswithfriends?Inthepastthegenerationgapincludedatechnologygap,wherechildrenwereuptodateeq\a\vs4\al(P1)withlatesttechnologyandparentswereleftbehind,contenttocontinuetheirdaytodaylivesastheyalwayshadbecausetheyhadnoneedtoknowmoreabouttechnology.However,moreandmoreparentsarebeginningtorealizejusthowimportantsocialnetworksareintheirlives.Thisrealizationhasgivenmanyparentsthemotivationtoeducatethemselvesaboutsocialnetworkingsites.Thesedaysmanypeopleareattractedtosocialnetworkingsitesbecausetheycanchoosewhotheyhavearoundthem;there'salsoacertainamountofeq\a\vs4\al(P2)controloverprivacyeq\a\vs4\al(W2)thatwedon'tgetinreallife.Sometimeswefeelthatprivacyisviolatedwhenwemustaccepta“friend〞requestfromaparentorfamilymember.It'sadifficultchoicewhetherornottoallowaparenttobecomeapartofouronlinelives.Ontheonehandwedon'twantto“reject〞eq\a\vs4\al(W3)theirrequestbecausethatmighthurttheirfeelingsormakethemfeelyouhavesomethingtohide.Ontheotherhandifyoudoaccept,thenyoucouldhaveasenseofbeingwatchedandnolongerfeelfreetocommentorcommunicatethewayyoudidbefore.Arecentsurveysuggestedthatparentsshouldn'ttakeitpersonallyiftheirchildignoreseq\a\vs4\al(W4)theirrequest,“Whenateenignoresaparent'sfriendrequest,itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthattheyarehidingsomething,butitcouldmeanthatthisisonepartoftheirlifewheretheywanttobeindependent.〞Perhapstalkingwithparentsandgivingexplanationswouldhelpsoftentheblowifyoudochoosenottoaddthemtoyourfriendslist.eq\a\vs4\al(S)篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。现在很多父母进入社交网络，希望加孩子为好友，进入孩子们的网络生活。此时孩子面临两难的选择。文章认为，如果孩子们拒绝父母的请求，说明孩子们想独立，但他们应向父母沟通和解释。5．FromParagraph2,welearnthat________.A．parentsfeelsecureabouttheirprivacyonlineB．socialnetworkssuccessfullyfillthegenerationgapC．parentshaverealizedtheimportanceofsocialnetworksD．socialnetworksofferaplatformforparentstocommunicate答案C细节理解题。根据第二段后两句“However,moreandmoreparentsarebeginningtorealizejusthowimportantsocialnetworksareintheirlives.Thisrealizationhasgivenmanyparentsthemotivation...〞可知，父母已经意识到社交网络的重要性。应选C。6．Teenagersmayrefuseaparent'sfriendrequestbecause________.A．theyhidesomethingfromtheirparentsB．theyareunwillingtobewatchedbyparentsC．theirparentstendtofallbehindintechnologyD．theirparentsmakenegativecommentsonthem答案B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Ontheotherhandifyoudoaccept,thenyoucouldhaveasenseofbeingwatchedandnolongerfeelfreeto...〞可知，青少年可能会拒绝父母加好友的请求，因为他们不愿意被父母监视着自己的一举一动。应选B。7．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．privacyonline B．socialnetworksC．thegenerationgap D．parents'friendrequests答案D主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，这篇文章是关于现在很多父母进入社交网站，希望加孩子为好友，但是这样的要求往往被孩子拒绝，因为他们不想被父母监视着，父母对此也不必难过。应选D。8．Thepassageiswrittenmainlyfor________.A．parents B．teenagersC．teachers D．researchers答案B推理判断题。根据文章的第一段第一句中的“Weallloveourparentsandturntothemwhenwe'reinneed，〞以及最后一段给青少年的建议可知，本文的写作对象是广阔青少年。应选B。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．extensionn.伸展，扩大2.privacyn.隐私3．rejectvt.拒绝4.ignorevt.忽略，无视eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．uptodate拥有(或包含)最新信息的；最近的2．acertainamountof一定数量的……eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Perhapstalkingwithparentsandgivingexplanationswouldhelpsoftentheblowifyoudochoosenottoaddthemtoyourfriendslist.(if引导条件句)译文：如果你选择不加父母为好友的话，最好跟他们交谈并且解释一下，这样会减少他们受到的打击。仿写：Iwillstayathomereadingbooksif_it_rains.如果下雨我就待在家里读书。C限时7分Adogmightbeman'sbestfriendbutmydogsaremorelikemykids!Ithinkeveryoneshouldexperiencetheunconditionalloveofadog,butowningoneisnotforthenervousness.It'swork—especiallywhenitcomestothejobofcleaninguptheirwaste.Whenyoucleanupeq\a\vs4\al(P1)afteryourdogyourneighborswillloveyouforkeepingthosesmellylandmines(地雷)outoftheiryards.Butthereareevenbiggerbenefits.You'llnotonlybedoingyourparttokeepbacteriaeq\a\vs4\al(W1)outofyouryardandneighborhood,butyou'realsokeepingharmfulmicroorganisms(微生物)awayfromeq\a\vs4\al(P2)ourdrinkingwatersupply.Therearemorethan77millionpetdogsintheUnitedStatesandtheirwasteisfoundinbackyards,neighborhoodparks,andthegreenareasthatfrequentlylinesmallwaterways.Whenyoudon'tcleanupafteryourdog,heavyraincancarrybacteriafromthewasteintodrains(下水道).Dogwasteleftinparksandothersuchplacescanbesweptdirectlyintonearbystreams.Thisaffectseq\a\vs4\al(W2)thequalityofthewaterinourcreeksandstreamsbutthat'snotall.Thesesmallchannelsoftenemptydirectlyintoourlocaldrinkingwatersupplyorthewaterwhereweboatorfish.Dogwastecontainsharmfulmicroorganismslikeroundwormsthatcanbepassedontohumans.Thisiswhydogwasteshouldnotbeusedasfertilizer(肥料)aroundyourhome.Anditwon'tfertilizetheyardifyouleaveitbehindeq\a\vs4\al(P3)eitherlikeothertypesofmanure.Dogsdon'teatthesamekindsofnaturalmaterialthatcattle,horsesorevenelephantseat.Thewastefromthoseanimalsisactuallybeneficialforyouryardandgarden.Youshouldalwayspickupafteryourdogandthrowthewasteinthetrashcan.Somesmallercitiesmightpreferthewastetobeflusheddownthetoilet,butincitieswheretherearemanydogs,it'sbesttosendthewastetothelandfill(垃圾填埋场)．Whenyouproperlydisposeofyourdog'swasteyou'llbedoingyourparttokeepharmfulbacteriaoutofouryards,ourneighborhoods,andourdrinkingwater.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Nottomentioneq\a\vs4\al(P4)offthebottomofourshoes.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者在文章中阐述了养狗就应该清理狗的粪便的观点，从原因、好处、方法等方面进行了阐述。9．Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassageisto________.A．introducewaysofmakingtheenvironmentcleanB．warndogownersthetroubledog­raisingbringsC．arguethatit'syourdutytocleanupyourdog'swasteD．criticizethosewhoignoretheirdogs'waste答案C推理判断题。这是一篇议论文，作者认为清理自己的宠物狗的粪便是一份责任，是应该做的。故C项正确。10．WhatdoyouknowfromParagraph1?A．Theauthor'sdogisaslovelyashis/herchild.B．Dogwastecanpollutedrinkingwater.C．Landminesarehumans'waste.D．Owningadogmustmakeyounervous.答案B细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话可知：狗的粪便会污染饮用水。故B项正确。11．Whichofthefollowingstatementsissimilartotheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A．Don'trefertotheharmfulbacteriaonthebottomofourshoes.B．It'suselessmentioningthedog'swasteonthebottomofourshoes.C．Don'tforgettocleanthedog'swasteonthebottomofourshoes.D．It'scertainthatwewon'tsteponitifyoupickupyourdog'swaste.答案D句意猜想题。Nottomention意为“更不用说……〞。与D项的内容相符：如果你清理了你的狗狗的粪便，那么我们肯定不会踩到它。故D项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．bacterian.细菌2.affectv.影响eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．cleanup清扫；收拾2．keep...awayfrom(使……)远离；不接近；避开3．leave...behind留下；丢弃4．nottomention更不用说eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Whenyouproperlydisposeofyourdog'swasteyou'llbedoingyourparttokeepharmfulbacteriaoutofouryards,ourneighborhoods,andourdrinkingwater.(时间状语从句)译文：当你恰当地处理掉狗的粪便时，你就在尽自己的职责来让有害的细菌远离我们的庭院、社区和饮用水。仿写：Whatwereyoudoingwhen_the_accident_happened?事故发生时你在做什么？D限时8分Whenaskedtoidentifyeq\a\vs4\al(W1)thequalitiesthatleadtosuccessinlife,expertsoftenlisttheabilitytoovercomeobstacles.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Gettingoverthedifficulties,throughdeterminationandpersistenceeq\a\vs4\al(W2)，isthecharacteristicofthegreatestleaders,themostsuccessfulparentsandthemostprizedemployees.Thosewhomakenoexcuses,whodowhateverittakestogetsomethingdone,aretheoneswhohavethecapacityeq\a\vs4\al(W3)toachievegreatness.Ineducation,wefocusalotoneq\a\vs4\al(P1)meetingourstudents'needs.It'sourjobtoteachthem.Buttotrulyhelpthembesuccessful,weourselveshavetohavethe“noexcuses〞attitude.Theproblemisthatbyallowingourselvesnoexcuses,anddoingwhateverittakestomakestudentssuccessful,weoftenfindourselvesacceptingexcusesfromthem.Studentsdon'tcompleteanassignment,andwegivethemasecondchance.Atestisfailedandweprovideachancetoretakeit,ordotestcorrectionsforextracredit.Butthere'salwaysareasonforachild'sbehavior.It'simportanttounderstandthereason,butit'sequallyimportanttorememberthatareasonisnotanexcuse.There'sagirlinmyclasswithterriblehandwriting.“MaybeifIhadamotherwhohadtaughtmethat,Iwouldhavebetterhandwriting！〞shesays.Shehasbeeninandoutoffostercare(寄养照管)foryears.Shehasanexplanationforherbadhandwriting,butwhendoesitbecomeanexcusethatreducesherabilitytocommunicatefortherestofherlife?Wemustunderstandthekidsandworktofindwaysforthemtosucceed.Simultaneously(同时),wemustdrawlines,setlimits,showthemthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.Therealworkisfiguringouteq\a\vs4\al(P2)whenwestoplettingreasonsbeexcuses,andstarttoteachkidsabouttakingresponsibilityforthemselves.Maybethereisfailureonthepathtosuccess.Sometimesachildhastofailinordertodiscoverthelinethathecannotcross.篇章导读：本文是议论文，主要介绍教师在教育学生的过程中要培养他们“不找借口〞的态度，使他们对自己的言行负责。12．TheexampleofthegirlinParagraph4showsthat________.A．childrencan'ttellareasonfromanexcuseB．childrenneedtoimprovetheirabilitytocommunicateC．children'sbehaviorisgreatlyaffectedbytheirparentsD．childrenhavereasonableexplanationsfortheirbehavior答案A推理判断题。结合第三段中的“butit'sequallyimportanttorememberthatareasonisnotanexcuse〞可知，记住原因不是借口也是同等重要的，因此下一段举出了一个女孩的例子，这个例子说明了孩子们往往分不清借口和原因，应选A。13．Whatisateacher'srealworkintheauthor'sopinion?A．Toshowkidsthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.B．Tohelpkidsbecomeresponsibleforthemselves.C．Tosetspecificlimitstothebehaviorofkids.D．Tomeettheneedsofdifferentkids.答案B细节理解题。从倒数第二段末句“Therealworkisfiguringoutwhenwestoplettingreasonsbeexcuses,andstarttoteachkidsabouttakingresponsibilityforthemselves.〞可知，一个教师真正的工作是弄清楚什么时候停止让理由变成借口并开始教孩子们要对他们自己负责，应选B。14．Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?A．Childrenshouldtrytoavoidfailure.B．Failuremaybenefitchildreninthelongrun.C．Childrenshouldbecarefulontheirwaytosuccess.D．Failureiseasytoconquerifchildrenareconfident.答案B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Sometimesachildhastofailinordertodiscoverthelinethathecannotcross.〞可以推断，从长远来看，让孩子经历失败并不一定是坏事，应选B。15．Thepassageisprobablywrittenby________.A．aworkingparentB．acollegestudentC．anexperiencedteacherD．anewspaperreporter答案C推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“Ineducation,wefocusalotonmeetingourstudents'needs.It'sourjobtoteachthem.〞以及第四段首句“There'sagirlinmyclasswithterriblehandwriting.〞可推知，这篇文章很可能是由一个有经验的教师写的。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．identifyv.确认；识别2．persistencen.坚持3．capacityn.才能；性能；容量eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．focuson致力于；聚焦于2．figureout解决；计算出eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Whenaskedtoidentifythequalitiesthatleadtosuccessinlife,expertsoftenlisttheabilitytoovercomeobstacles.(状语从句的省略)译文：当被问及生活中导致成功的品质时，专家们常列举出克服障碍的能力这一点。仿写：If_properly_treated,_wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.如果处理恰当，垃圾是不会对环境造成危害的。A限时8分[2022·北京高考]WhyCollegeIsNotHomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday'sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstoeq\a\vs4\al(P1)cellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibilityeq\a\vs4\al(W1)，collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon〞newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually(在思维方面)andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces〞withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyoneq\a\vs4\al(P2)administratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.Moreovereq\a\vs4\al(W2)，thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorandshapestudentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined(规定)andcontrolled,theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybeencouraged.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescents'desireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperienceintellectualgrowth.Everycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldincluderecognitionofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself­regulation,ofthenecessarytensionbetweensafetyandself­discovery.篇章导读：本文是议论文，题材为学校教育。大学时期应该是学生成长的一个重要时期，学生应在这段时期学会独立和发现。但是现在的大学时期却成了青春期的延续，很多大学没有教给学生独立，也没有让学生学会发现。家长也不应该过多地干预学生的大学生活，否那么对学生们培养独立自主能力和开展智力很不利。1．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?A．Sympathetic. B．Disapproving.C．Supportive. D．Neutral.答案B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者不赞同大学生继续接受父母的指导。sympathetic同情的；disapproving不赞成的，不同意的；supportive支持的；neutral中立的。2．Theunderlinedword“passage〞inParagraph2means“________〞．A．change B．choiceC．text D．extension答案A词义猜想题。根据语境可知此处表达的是“大学时期应该是一个从家庭庇护到独立和承当成人责任的转化时期〞，所以答案为A。3．Accordingtotheauthor,whatroleshouldcollegeplay?A．Todevelopasharedidentityamongstudents.B．Todefineandregulatestudents'socialbehavior.C．Toprovideasafeworldwithouttensionforstudents.D．Tofosterstudents'intellectualandpersonaldevelopment.答案D推理判断题。根据第三段的第一、二句话可知，大学要做的是提高学生的思维能力和个人能力。答案为D。4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I：IntroductionP：PointSp：Sub­point(次要点)C：Conclusion答案C篇章结构题。文章第一段引入主题，第二段描述了大学时期是怎样变成青春期的延续的，第三段提出如何解决这一问题，第四段和第五段提出了解决这个问题的原因，最后进行总结。应选C。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．responsibilityn.责任2.moreoveradv.而且；此外eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．thanksto幸亏；由于2.relyon依靠；取决于eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday'sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.(“介词＋关系代词〞型定语从句)译文：然而，现在的大学时期却成了青春期的延续，在这期间许多学生并没有肩负起成年人的责任。仿写：IappreciatedTomverymuch,without_whose_helpIcouldn'tsolvetheproblem.我非常感谢汤姆，没有他的帮助我不可能解决这个问题。B限时6分[2022·天津高考]Peoplearen'twalkinganymore—iftheycanfigureoutawaytoavoidit.Ifeltsuperioraboutthismatteruntiltheotherdayeq\a\vs4\al(P1)Itookmycartomailasmallparcel.Thejourneyisamatterofeq\a\vs4\al(P2)281steps.ButIusedthecar.AndIwasn'tinanyhurry,either.Ihadmerelybecomeonemorevictimeq\a\vs4\al(W1)ofanationalsickness:motorosis.ItisanillnesstowhichIhadthoughtmyselfimmune(免疫的),forIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.Atthattime,weregarded25milesasagoodday'swalkandtheabilitytocoversuchadistanceintenhoursasasignofstrengthandskill.Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Andtheeffectwaslasting.WhenIwas45yearsoldIraced—andbeat—ateenagefootballplayerthe168stepsuptheStatueofLiberty.Suchenterprisestodayareregardedbymanymiddle­agedpersonsasbadfortheheart.Butawell­knownBritishphysician,SirAdolpheAbrahams,pointedouteq\a\vs4\al(P3)recentlythatheartsandbodiesneedproperexercise.Apersonwhoavoidsexerciseismorelikelytohaveillnessesthanonewhoexercisesregularly.Andwalkingisanidealformofexercise—themostfamiliarandnaturalofall.ItwasHenryThoreauwhoshowedmankindtherichnessofgoingonfoot.Themanwalkingcanlearnthetrees,flowers,insects,birdsandanimals,thesignificanceofseasons,theveryfeelofhimselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworld.Hecannotlearninacar.Thecarisaconvenientmeansoftransport,butwehavemadeitourwayoflife.Manypeopledon'tdaretoapproachnatureanymore;tothemtheworldtheywereborntoenjoyisallthreat.Tothemsecurityisa_steel_riverthunderingonaconcreteroad.Andmuchoftheirthinkingtakesplacewhilewaitingforthetrafficlighttoturngreen.Isaythatthegreenofforestsisthemind'sbestlight.Andnonebutthemanonfootcanevaluateeq\a\vs4\al(W2)whatisbasicandeverlasting.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述现代社会生活中的一个通病——越来越多的人开车太多而不行走，最终得出结论：回归自然方式——行走才能接近自然，感受到自己的存在，保持身心健康。5．Whatisthenationalsickness?A．Walkingtoomuch.B．Travelingtoomuch.C．Drivingcarstoomuch.D．Climbingstairstoomuch.答案C'细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Ihadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofanationalsickness:motorosis.〞可知选C，国民的通病就是开车太多。6．Whatwaslifelikewhentheauthorwasyoung?A．Peopleusuallywentaroundonfoot.B．Peopleoftenwalked25milesaday.C．PeopleusedtoclimbtheStatueofLiberty.D．Peopleconsideredaten­hourwalkasahardship.答案A'细节理解题。根据第三段首句“...forIwasbredinthetraditionofgoingtoplacesonmyowntwolegs.〞可知选A。7．TheauthormentionsHenryThoreautoprovethat________.A．middle­agedpeoplelikegettingbacktonatureB．walkinginnaturehelpsenrichone'smindC．peopleneedregularexercisetokeepfitD．goingonfootpreventsheartdisease答案B'推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，步行能够让人了解到更多东西，由此可推断作者引用亨利·梭罗的例子是为了证明步行能丰富人的思维。8．Whatiscomparedto“asteelriver〞inParagraph6?A．Aqueueofcars. B．Arayoftrafficlight.C．Aflashoflightning. D．Astreamofpeople.答案A'词义猜想题。由画线词后面的内容“thunderingonaconcreteroad〞可猜想出，此处“asteelriver〞指的是川流不息的车辆。9．Whatistheauthor'sintentionofwritingthispassage?A．Totellpeopletoreflectmoreonlife.B．Torecommendpeopletogiveupdriving.C．Toadvisepeopletodooutdooractivities.D．Toencouragepeopletoreturntowalking.答案D推理判断题。作者在文中论述了汽车带给人们便利的同时，减少了人们接近大自然的时机，也减少了人们锻炼的时机，同时还强调了步行的好处，目的在于鼓励人们减少用车，多项选择择步行。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．victimn.受害者；牺牲者2.evaluatev.评价；估价eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．theotherday前几天2．amatterof一个关于……的问题3．pointout指出eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.(固定句式)译文：我们从来都没有想过步行是一种困难的事。仿写：It_didn't_occur_to_himthatshewouldrefusehisinvitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。C限时6分[2022·黑龙江哈尔滨月考]Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewants,andhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstock,thesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingitongoesforwardatonce.Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse;heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutewithoutleastconsideration;hedoessowithskillandpolish(完美)：“Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize.Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentionedeq\a\vs4\al(W).〞Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis：“ThisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsizebutIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton.〞Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindeq\a\vs4\al(P1)whatshewants,andsheisonly“havingalookround〞.Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion:indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes,mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitheq\a\vs4\al(P2)aroomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother,toandfrooftenretracinghersteps,beforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisatiresomeprocess,butapparentlyanenjoyableone.Mostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.篇章导读：本文为议论文，讨论了男士和女士在购置衣服时购置行为及习惯上的差异。10．Accordingtothepassage,aman'sshoppingisbasedon________.A．hismoney B．hishobbiesC．hisneed D．hisfriends答案C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.〞可知，男士根据自己确实切需要购物，应选C。11．Whydoesaladywelcomesuggestionsfromanyonewhilebuyingadress?A．Becauseshewantstobuyadressthateveryonethinkssuitsher.B．Becauseshedoesn'tknowhowtobuyadress.C．Becauseshedoesn'tknowwhethertobuyitornot.D．Becauseshewantstoshowherselfoffinpublic.答案A细节理解题。根据第二段第七句“Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.〞可知女士想要买大家都认为适合自己的衣服，应选A。12．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Mostmenhavepatiencewithtryingitonwhilebuyingajacket.B．Mostwomenhaveapoorsenseofvaluewhenbuyingadress.C．Awoman'sshoppingisbasedonherneed.D．Amandoesn'tpaymuchattentiontothepriceoftheclotheshewantstobuy.答案D推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“Heknowswhathewants,andhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit；thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.〞可知，男士在买东西前已经有了明确的目标，他的目的就是去买回来需要的东西，价格是第二位的，也就是说，男士不在乎价格的上下，应选D。13．Thepassagemain