2023年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题三阅读理解考点十九史地人文类

PAGEPAGE2考点十九史地人文类A限时7分Putyourcarkeysawayandforgetaboutyourtravelpass—it'stimetodoabitofwalking.NationalWalkingMonthisorganizedeveryMaybyLivingStreets,anorganizationthatcampaignseq\a\vs4\al(W1)fortherightsandtheneedsofpedestrianseq\a\vs4\al(W2)，sotheorganizationispreviouslyknownaseq\a\vs4\al(P1)thePedestrians'Association.Theassociation'saimistomakestreetssafe,attractiveandenjoyablespacesforpeopletolive,work,shopandplay.Byputtingpeople(ratherthanvehicles)first,LivingStreetswantstocreatestreetsandspaceswherepeoplefeelhappier,healthierandmoresociable.Theannualcampaigngivesparticipantsagreatopportunitytoexperiencethemanyvirtuesofwalking.Theseincludethephysicalhealthbenefitsofbecomingfitter;theenvironmentaladvantagesofnotusingvehicles;thedelightoflocaldiscoveries—seeingmoreofyourlocalareasonfoot;theenjoymentofwalkingwithotherpeople,whetherfamily,friendsorworkcolleaguesandfinallythestressreliefthatcomesfromwalking—walkingcanclearyourhead.WalktoSchoolWeek,18to22May,ispartofthemonth'sactivitiesanditsaimistoencourageparentstosendchildrentoschoolonfoot,ratherthaneq\a\vs4\al(P2)taketheminthecarorletthemusepublictransport.Themovementwasstartedin1995withonlyfiveparticipatingschoolsandnowtwodecadeslater,morethanonemillionchildrentakepart.Similarly,thereisWalktoWorkWeek,11to15May,wheregrown­upsareencouragedtowalk.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Inthemorning,gettingoffthebusastopearlyorparkingafewstreetsawayisagoodwaytoaddmorestepstothedailytotal.Andduringtheworkingday,afterhavinglunchatthedesksorinthecanteen,takeawalkandgetsomefreshair.Walkhomewithyourworkmatesandchatawayabouteverythingunderthesunbutwork!篇章导读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了英国在每年5月开展的国家步行月及其相关的活动。1．What'sthepurposeofLivingStreets?A．Toletpeoplekeepawayfromvehicles.B．Tobuildsaferwalkwaysforpedestrians.C．Tohelppeopleenjoywalkinginthestreetandenjoylife.D．Tomakepeopleawareofenvironmentalpollution.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“anorganizationthatcampaignsfortherightsandtheneedsofpedestrians〞以及“Theassociation'saimistomakestreetssafe,attractiveandenjoyablespacesforpeopletolive,work,shopandplay〞可知，LivingStreets是一个帮助人们享受在街上步行和享受生活的组织。应选C。2．Paragraph3isintendedtoshowthatwalkingis________.A．sointeresting B．veryrelaxingC．perfectlysafe D．highlybeneficial答案D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theannualcampaigngivesparticipantsagreatopportunitytoexperiencethemanyvirtuesofwalking.Theseinclude...〞可推知，本段主要讲的是步行带来的种种益处。应选D。3．WhatcanwelearnfromWalktoSchoolWeek?A．Itisorganizedbythegovernment.B．ItisheldbeforeWalktoWorkWeek.C．Ithasdevelopedrapidlyoverthelast20years.D．Itencouragesstudentstowalktoschoolalone.答案C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Themovementwasstartedin1995withonlyfiveparticipatingschoolsandnowtwodecadeslater,morethanonemillionchildrentakepart〞可推知，步行上学周在过去的20年里开展很快。应选C。4．What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．AnintroductiontoWalktoWorkWeek.B．Anationwidehealthmovement.C．Theinfluenceofworkingday.D．NationalWalkingMonth'shistory.答案A主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了WalktoWorkWeek这个活动的一些情况。应选A。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．campaignn.战役；运动v.作战；发起运动2．pedestriann.行人；步行者eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．beknownas被称作；作为……而知名2．ratherthan而不是eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Similarly,thereisWalktoWorkWeek,11to15May,wheregrown­upsareencouragedtowalk.(非限制性定语从句)译文：同样地，也有步行周，从5月11日至15日，在此期间鼓励人们步行去上班。仿写：MaryisgoingtostudyinHongKong,where_she_has_some_close_friends.玛丽就要去香港学习了，在那里她有一些很亲密的朋友。B限时7分ChristmasintheUnitedStatesistraditionallyatimeofgift－givingandfamilygatherings.Butsmalltownsacrossthecountryhavetheirowntraditions.Middleburg,asmalltowninthestateofVirginia,isknownforitshorses.Formorethan50years,MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行).Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields.Theyfollowhuntingdogsastheysearcheq\a\vs4\al(W1)forawildfox.Butfirst,thesehuntersrideintheyearlyparade,wearingtheirbrightredhuntingclothesandhats.eq\a\vs4\al(S)JohnHale,acitizenofMiddleburgsaysmanycitypeoplevisithistown.“Wehavealotofpeoplefromanurbaneq\a\vs4\al(W2)areathatcometovisit,butitincorporatesalotoftheoldtraditions.〞Thenighttimehayrideisonesuchtradition.Smallgroupsgathereq\a\vs4\al(W3)underthemoonlightonanopenwagonfilledwithhay.Thepassengerssingasfarmhorsespullthewagonslowlyacrossthefields.Therearesomenewertraditions,too.TreyMatheuworksatthenearbySalamanderResort.HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdownforaday.HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming,peacefulplacewithouttension.“Middleburgisanopportunitytotakeastepback,totakeadeepbreatheq\a\vs4\al(P1)，andunderstandthateventhoughlifeismovingonataveryfastpace,there'sreallyanopportunitywhereyou'reallowedtostepeq\a\vs4\al(P2)offforalittlebit.〞Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peopleattendeveninbelowfreezingweather.Butifyouask,youwillhearmanydifferentreasonswhypeoplecometowatchtheparade：“IcomeherebecauseI'mfromasmalltown.Ilikehoweverybodycomestogether.〞“Iliverightdownthatstreet,rightthere.Andthat'smydog.〞MiddleburglooksitsbestatChristmastime.Thatmaybewhysomanypeoplereturneachyear.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇Middleburg的圣诞传统。5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Middleburg'sChristmasparadeB．AsmalltownknownforhorsesC．ChristmastraditionsinMiddleburgD．NewertraditionsatChristmastime答案C标题判断题。本文主要介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇Middleburg的圣诞传统，C项最具概括性。6．AtChristmas,peopleinMiddleburgusually________.A．visitfriendsandfamiliesB．feedfarmhorseswithhayC．huntfordogsinthewoodsD．rideintheyearlyparade答案D细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二、三句“Formorethan50years,MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行).Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields.〞可知，在圣诞节，Middleburg的人们会在一年一度的游行中骑马。7．AccordingtoTreyMatheu,whydopeoplevisitMiddleburg?A．Torelaxthemselves. B．Toenjoythefreshair.C．Toescapecompetition. D．Tochallengethemselves.答案A细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知，TreyMatheu认为游览Middleburg会让人感到放松、平静，可以暂时逃离快节奏的生活，因此选择A。8．WhatdoweknowaboutthesmalltownMiddleburg?A．Itmakesalargeprofitfromtourism.B．Itattractsmanypeopleeachyear.C．Itisagoodplaceforfamilygatherings.D．Itdoesn'trespectChristmastraditions.答案B细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peopleattendeveninbelowfreezingweather.〞可知，这个小镇每年吸引很多人游览。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．searchn．&v.搜寻；寻找2.urbanadj.都市的3．gatherv.聚集eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．takeadeepbreath深呼吸2．beallowedtodo被允许做……eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Butfirst,thesehuntersrideintheyearlyparade,wearingtheirbrightredhuntingclothesandhats.(现在分词作状语)译文：但这些猎人们首先要在一年一度的游行中骑马过市，穿戴着鲜艳的衣服和帽子。仿写：Pleaseanswerthequestionusing_another_way.请用另一种方式答复这个问题。C限时7分AllovertheUnitedStates,wecanfindrestaurantsandcafesthatservewhatweAmericansthinkis“foreign〞food.Onlyrecently,throughconversationswithpeoplefromChinaandItaly,haveIlearnedthatwhatIconsideredasChineseandItalianfoodswereprobablyAmericanizedversions,preparedandseasonedtomeetourAmericantastebuds.eq\a\vs4\al(S)WhenIrecentlyinterviewedtheItalianowneroftwoItalianrestaurants,Ilearnedtwokeyfacts.Spaghettiwithmeatballsisnotadirectimporteq\a\vs4\al(W1)fromItaly.TherestaurantownertoldmethatinItaly'sfarsouthregion,thereareverysmallmeatballsservedwithpasta.OurAmericanconceptofthehugemeatball,drippingindeliciousspaghettisauce,isjustanAmericanconcept.OurAmericanconceptof“pizza〞isnowhereneareq\a\vs4\al(P1)theItalianversion.Infacttherestaurantownersaidthathestartedthepizzeriabecausehecouldn'tfindadecenteq\a\vs4\al(W2)ItalianpizzaintownthatsuitedhisItaliantastes.Hiscafeservesmorethan60versions—alongwayfromourstandard“cheese,pepperoniorsausage〞．Afewyearsago,whenIentertainedeq\a\vs4\al(W3)someChineseexchangestudentsforThanksgivingdinner,theyexplainedtomethatwhatweAmericanseatin“Chinese〞restaurantsisnowhereclosetorealChinesefoodastheyknowit.They_went_so_far_as_to_tell_me_that_they_could_only_find_about_two_Chinese_restaurants_in_Miami_that_they_would_ever_visit.OnethingIlearnedfrommyChinesefriendsisthattheydon'thavethe“sweettooth〞fordessertsthatweAmericanshave.ThepumpkinpieIhadpreparedforeq\a\vs4\al(P2)theThanks­givingmealdidnotreallyinterestthem.Theychosesomeslicedfruitinstead.Perhapsthat'sonereasonwhyyoudon'toftenseeChinesewhoareobese.Maybe,toexpandeq\a\vs4\al(W4)oureducationonforeignfoods,weoughttofindsomeethnicrestaurantsandtryentreesthataretotallynewtous.Anotherideawouldbetoengagethewaiterinaquestion­and­answersessionontheingredients(原料)ofthedishes.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。跟一些意大利人和中国人聊天后，作者才发现原来在美国的外国食物并不是正宗的外国食物。9．WhatdidthewriterfindrecentlythroughtalkingwithpeoplefromChinaandItaly?A．ForeignfoodcaneasilymeetAmericantastebuds.B．Americansactuallyknowverywellaboutforeignfood.C．ChineseandItalianfoodsactuallydon'ttasteverygood.D．ForeignfoodinAmericaactuallyhasbeenAmericanized.答案D细节理解题。根据第一段的“IlearnedthatwhatIconsideredasChineseandItalianfoodswereprobablyAmericanizedversions.〞可知，作者明白了美国的外国食物其实是经过外乡化改造的。应选D。10．What'sthedifferencebetweentheAmericanversionofspaghettiandpastaservedinItaly'sfarsouthregion?A．ThepastaservedinItaly'sfarsouthregionhassauceinit.B．TheAmericanversionofspaghettihaslargermeatballs.C．ThepastaservedinItaly'sfarsouthregiontastesmuchbetter.D．TheAmericanversionofspaghettiisservedinsmallerbowls.答案B细节理解题。根据第二段末句的“OurAmericanconceptofthehugemeatball,drippingindeliciousspaghettisauce,isjustanAmericanconcept.〞可知，美国的意大利面里面的肉丸要大一些。应选B。11．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3tellus?A．Chinesestudentscan'tfindnicefoodinMiamiatall.B．PeopleinMiamidon'tlikeeatingChinesefood.C．ThereareveryfewChineserestaurantsinMiami.D．MostChineserestaurantsinMiamidon'tserverealChinesefood.答案D推理判断题。画线句子是为了说明前面提到的“weAmericanseatin‘Chinese’restaurantsisnowhereclosetorealChinesefoodastheyknowit.〞，即在迈阿密的大多数中国餐馆不提供正宗的中国食物。应选D。12．Thewriterwrotethelastparagraphto________.A．encouragereaderstotrynewfoodB．tellreadershowtoknowforeignfoodbetterC．showreadershowhelearntaboutforeignfoodD．askreaderstoknowhowtopreparefood答案B推理判断题。末段主要是讲如何了解外国食物。应选B。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．importn．&v.进口2．decentadj.像样的；正派的3．entertainv.热情款待4．expandv.扩展eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．nowherenear肯定不；远远不2．preparefor为……作准备eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Onlyrecently,throughconversationswithpeoplefromChinaandItaly,haveIlearnedthatwhatIconsideredasChineseandItalianfoodswereprobablyAmericanizedversions,preparedandseasonedtomeetourAmericantastebuds.(局部倒装)译文：直到最近，通过与来自中国与意大利的人对话，我才了解到我之前认为是中国和意大利的食物实际上可能是美国化了的版本，它们的准备和调味都是为了满足我们美国人的味蕾。仿写：Onlythendid_he_realizetheimportanceofEnglish.直到那时候他才意识到英语的重要性。D限时8分ThepeopleofAustriacalltheircountryOsterreich,whichcanbetranslatedas“easternrealm〞.Theoriginofthenamegoesbacktothe10thcentury,whenAustriawasaneasternborderareaoftheHolyRomanEmpire.Fromthisearlybeginning,Austriaitselfgrewintoagreatempireeq\a\vs4\al(W1).Duringthe16thcentury,itsemperorwastherulerofabouttencountries.TodayAustriaisasmallbutrichnationinCentralEurope.ReligiousholidaysandotherfestivalsarejoyfuloccasionsinAustria.Insomereligions,forexample,thereisanexcitingfestivalforscaringawaythewinter.Weddingsareveryspecialoccasionsinthevillages.Thesearedaysofmuchsinginganddancing.OneofthemostexcitingdancestowatchistheSchuhplattlerthatinthisdancethemenslaptheirbodieswhilethegirlstwirl(旋转)aroundthemintheirbrightdresses.Theydancetothemusicofthezitherortheviolin.Themusiciansplayfasterandfastertowardtheendofthedanceuntilthedancersareoutofbreatheq\a\vs4\al(P1).AfavoriteholidaythroughoutAustriaisStNicholasDay.ThisisthedaywhenSaintNicholasvisitsAustrianchildren.Thenightbefore,thechildrenalwaysremembertoleavetheirshoeswhereNicholaswillfindthem.Inthemorningthegoodchildrenfindbeautifulpresentsintheirshoes,butthebadchildrenfindonlypiecesofmud,whichmeansnothingtothem.Krampus,ablack­facedmonsterwhoishalfhumanandoftenhalfhorse,issupposedtoeq\a\vs4\al(P2)accompanyeq\a\vs4\al(W2)SaintNicholasonhistravels.BadchildrenareespeciallyafraidofKrampus.Itissaidthathecarriesabroomtohitverybadboysandgirls.eq\a\vs4\al(S)InAustria,therearethreemusicfestivalseachyearthatattractthousandsofmusicloversfromallovertheworld.Ticketstooperas,concerts,andplaysinAustriaareoftensoldoutweeksinadvanceeq\a\vs4\al(P3).Evenrehearsals(排练)areusuallywellattendedbystudents.WhentheoldViennaStateOperawasbombedduringWorldWarⅡ，thousandsofdesperatelypoorAustrianscontributedsmallamountsofmoneytorepairthebuilding.篇章导读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了奥地利的历史、具有代表性的节假日活动以及奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。13．AustriawasnamedOsterreichaccordingtoits________.A．tradition B．locationC．population D．expansion答案B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“canbetranslatedas‘easternrealm’.Theoriginofthenamegoesbacktothe10thcentury,whenAustriawasaneasternborderareaoftheHolyRomanEmpire〞可知，由于奥地利的地理位置——位于神圣罗马帝国的东部边界，奥地利人称自己的国家为Osterreich，意为“东部王国〞。14．WeknowfromthetextthattheSchuhplattlerisperformed________.A．bybothmenandwomenB．alongwithreligiousmusicC．atthebeginningofthewinterD．bydancersplayinginstruments答案A细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句中的“inthisdancethemenslaptheirbodieswhilethegirlstwirl(旋转)aroundthemintheirbrightdresses〞可知，演出者既有男人也有女人。应选A。15．WhatwillhappentothekidsonStNicholasDay?A．Kidsalwayshidetheirshoes.B．Kidsshouldbehavethemselves.C．Nicholasonlygivesbeautifulgiftstogoodkids.D．Nicholasplayshide­and­seekwiththekids.答案C细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“Inthemorningthegoodchildrenfindbeautifulpresentsintheirshoes,butthebadchildrenfindonlypiecesofmud,whichmeansnothingtothem.〞可知，只有好孩子才会收到圣诞老人送的漂亮的礼物，而坏孩子只能够得到泥土。应选C。16．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyshow?A．Austrians'loveofmusic.B．Theattractivenessofmusic.C．TheinfluenceofmusiconAustrians.D．Threeworld­famousmusicfestivals.答案A主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，奥地利每年都举办三个音乐节，歌剧、音乐会和戏剧的门票非常紧俏，奥地利人民即使生活穷困也要节衣缩食去重建剧院，这些都反映出了奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。应选A。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．empiren.帝国2．accompanyv.陪伴eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．outofbreath上气不接下气2．besupposedto应该；被期望做……3．inadvance提前eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Itissaidthathecarriesabroomtohitverybadboysandgirls.(Itissaidthat...“据说……〞)译文：据说他会拿着一把扫帚击打非常坏的男孩和女孩。仿写：It_is_said_thatourheadmasterwilljoinusinthefootballgamethisafternoon.据说下午校长将会和我们一起参加足球赛。A限时7分[2022·全国卷Ⅲ]Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofeq\a\vs4\al(P1)AppleDaytoseewhat'saround.eq\a\vs4\al(S)It'scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeeq\a\vs4\al(P2)it'smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn'ttasteofanythingspecial,it'sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriosityeq\a\vs4\al(W1)thananythingelse.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificeq\a\vs4\al(W2)localconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sa_pipe_dreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple­themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果园).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.篇章导读：本文是说明文，介绍了英国10月21日的苹果节的有关情况。届时，人们可以欣赏、品尝到各种苹果，并能参加一些活动。1．Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A．Attendexperts'lectures.B．Visitfruit­lovingfamilies.C．Plantfruittreesinanorchard.D．Tastemanykindsofapples.答案D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.〞可知，人们可以品尝到很多品种的苹果。应选D。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A．Itisanewvariety. B．Ithasastrangelook.C．Itisrarelyseennow. D．Ithasaspecialtaste.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans〞可知，Decio苹果如今很罕见。应选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream〞inParagraph3mean?A．Apracticalidea. B．Avainhope.C．Abrilliantplan. D．Aselfishdesire.答案B词义猜想题。根据第三段中的“you'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit〞可知，种此种苹果不易，且不现实。由此可判断，apipedream应意为“不现实，妄想，白日梦〞。应选B。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhowtogrowapples.B．Tointroduceanapplefestival.C．Tohelppeopleselectapples.D．Topromoteappleresearch.答案B推理判断题。通读全文，可以知道作者的目的是介绍苹果节的相关情况。应选B。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．curiosityn.好奇；好奇心2．specificadj.具体的；明确的eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．takeadvantageof利用2．inpractice实际上eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.(不定式作目的状语)译文：如果你是个水果种植者，或是想成为一个这样的人，利用苹果节来看看都有什么吧。仿写：Heworksveryhardto_catch_up_with_others.他非常努力地工作，为的是追上别人。B限时8分[2022·陕西高考]WhydoAmericansstrugglewitheq\a\vs4\al(P1)watchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?NowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludethattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.However,AmericanstendtostopwhentheirplateisemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.AccordingtoDrJosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespendafairlyeq\a\vs4\al(W1)longtimeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericanslosetheabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhavestopped.Inadditioneq\a\vs4\al(P2)，hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.TheFrench,instead,tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers'marketswheretheyhaveachoiceoffreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashigh­qualitymeatsforeachmeal.AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,MireilleGuiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon'tGetFat,decidedtowriteabouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoidfood.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceeq\a\vs4\al(W2)showsthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceandtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.eq\a\vs4\al(S)篇章导读：本文为说明文，通过比照美国人与法国人的生活方式，向我们讲述了生活方式对体重的影响。5．InwhatwayaretheFrenchdifferentfromAmericansaccordingtoDrJosephMercola?A．Theygoshoppingatsupermarketsmorefrequently.B．Theysqueezeeatingbetweentheotherdailyactivities.C．Theyregardeatingasakeypartoftheirlifestyle.D．Theyusuallyeattoomuchcannedandfrozenfood.答案C细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，法国人把饮食当作生活方式的重要组成局部。应选C。A、B、D三项都是针对美国人。6．Thistextismainlyabouttherelationshipbetween______.A．AmericansandtheFrenchB．lifestyleandobesityC．childrenandadultsD．fastfoodandoverweight答案B主旨大意题。研究、新闻报道类的文章，主旨句往往出现在study,research,report等词之后。本文首段第二句为中心句，主要讲述了生活方式与肥胖之间的关系。应选B。7．Thistextismainlydeveloped________.A．bycontrast B．byspaceC．byprocess D．byclassification答案A篇章结构题。在讲述生活方式对体重的影响时，本文采用了比照的方式，比照了美国人与法国人在生活方式上的差异。应选A。8．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．ATVinterview. B．Afoodadvertisement.C．Ahealthreport. D．Abookreview.答案C推理判断题。本文的中心内容与健康有关，且由首段第二句中的research推断，本文摘自一篇健康报道。A项意为“电视采访〞；B项意为“饮食广告〞；D项意为“书评〞，均不符合文意。应选C。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．fairlyadv.相当地2．evidencen.证据eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．strugglewith与……斗争2．inaddition此外；而且eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：However,asAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceandtheyoungrejectoldertraditions，theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.(as引导时间状语从句)译文：然而，当美国快餐获得认可并且年轻人拒绝传统食物的时候，法国儿童的肥胖率已经到达17%——并且还在增长。仿写：As_I_waited_at_the_stop,_Iheardabignoise.当我在车站等车时，我听到很大的声响。C限时8分[2022·福建高考]FoodfestivalsaroundtheworldStiltonCheeseRollingMayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations,butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingintheirannualplans.Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollacompleteeq\a\vs4\al(W1)cheesealonga50­metrecourse.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Ontheway,theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese,orgointotheircompetitors'lane(赛道).CompetitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisacompleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos(disappointingly,butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones).Allthecompetitorsareservedwithbeerorportwine,thetraditionalaccompanimentforStiltoncheese.FieryFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarthEveryyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforeq\a\vs4\al(P1)thecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.TheycomefromasfarawayasAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareacommonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣),buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn,yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.Theirdestinationeq\a\vs4\al(W2)istheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreedayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate­coveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshoweq\a\vs4\al(P2).Butonething'sforsure—ifyoudon'tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue,thisfestivalisn'tforyou!LaTomatina—TheWorld'sBiggestFoodFightOnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust,theSpanishtownofBunolhostsLaTomatina—theworld'slargestfoodfight.Aweek­longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek'sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfight­startersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd.Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour,inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves,runs,orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuch­neededwash!篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上三种独特的美食节。9．IntheStiltonCheeseRollingcompetition,competitorsoneachteammust________.A．wearvariousformalclothesB．rollawoodencheeseintheirownlaneC．kickorthrowtheircheeseD．usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos答案B细节理解题。由首段第二、三句和倒数第二句括号内的内容可知，这项竞赛的参赛者必须在他们各自的赛道里滚动一个木制的奶酪。应选B。10．WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld?A．InNewMexico. B．IntheCaribbean.C．InAustralia. D．InChina.答案A细节理解题。由第二段首句可知，该美食节是在NewMexico举办的。应选A。11．ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts________.A．threedays B．sevendaysC．lessthanthreedays D．morethansevendays答案B细节理解题。由第三段第二句“Aweek­longcelebration...〞可知，该庆祝活动持续一周。应选B。12．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingcompetitionisbeerorportwine.B．Morethan10,000ChinesetakepartintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.C．ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.D．AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.答案C细节理解题。由首段尾句可知，A项内容只是奖品的一局部，故排除A项；由第二段第一、二句可知，这10000多人中只有一局部是中国人，故排除B项；由第三段第二、三句可知，西红柿大战是该食物节的highlight(最有意思或最精彩的局部)，而不是在一开始，故排除D项；由第二段倒数第二句可知，C项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．completeadj.完整的v.完成；结束2．destinationn.目的地eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．headfor朝……进发；前往2．onshow在展览；展出eq\a\vs4\al(S句式仿写)原文：Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollacompletecheesealonga50­metrecourse.(分词作定语)译文：人们四人一组，穿着各种各样奇怪、滑稽的衣服，沿着一条50米长的路线滚动着一个完整的奶酪。仿写：Thegirldressed_in_a_red_coatlooksmorebeautiful.穿着红衣服的女孩看起来更漂亮。D限时7分[2022·河南长葛月考]AcharacteristicofAmericanculturethathasbecomealmostatraditionistorespecttheself­mademan—themanwhohasrisentothetopthroughhisownefforts,usuallybeginningbyworkingwithhishands.Whiletheleaderinbusiness,industryorthecollegeprofessoroccupieseq\a\vs4\al(W1)ahighersocialpositionandcommandsgreaterrespectinthecommunitythanthecommonlaboreroreventheskilledfactoryworker,hemaytakepainstopointoutthathisfatherstartedlifeinAmericaasafarmerorlaborerofsomesort.Thisattitudetowardmanual(体力的)laborisnowstillseeninmanyaspectsofAmericanlife.Oneis