英语高考名词总结-

词汇量：5500多单词简洁句并列句复合句

词类名词和冠词动词代词和数词介词和连词形容词和副词非谓语动词动词时态...情态动词定语从句名词性从句状语从句高中英语语言学问语言运用

虚拟语气听力阅读写作词法句法系动词助动词实义动词语态强调句型

主谓一样倒装省略名词名词考点：1.单复数2.全部格3.可数名词不行数名词4.主谓一样名词在句子中的作用找出句子中的名词并指出它们的作用Thetrainisapproaching.Thestoryisveryinteresting.Iwillspendmysummerholidayonthebeach.Ireadabookinthelibrary.Shebecamemyfriend.Heisateacher.HespeaksEnglish.Ididitforthecountry.9.Theyhavegreatconcernforusstudents.10.Chinaourmotherlandisadevelopingcountry.11.Themeetinglastedanhour.

12.Wemadehimourmonitor.13.Takeaseat,MissLake.14.Wemadehimourmonitor.名词的句法功能：名词在句子中可以多种句子成分，如做

,,

,,,

,,语等。用所给词的正确形式填空并推断语法功能:1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop________(attract)．2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew________(day)withhissister.3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，42)Handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof________(achieve)．4．(2016·全国Ⅱ，46)Recent________(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.I.可数名词的复数变法状况加法例词一般状况以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词以辅音＋y结尾的词以辅音+o结尾的词以f或fe结尾的词加-s加-es去y加-ies多数加-es

把f/fe改成vesbrothers;schoolsbuses;watches;dishesladies;countriesheroes;tomatoeshalves;leaves1.规则动词不规则名词单复数变更:（1）单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,means,species,works(工厂),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss（2）变更字母：man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,saleswoman–saleswomen,foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,mouse–micebasis-bases（3）增加字母:child--children,ox–oxen,（4）以o结尾的词：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco加es:tomato,potato,heroNegroesandheroesliketoeattomatoesandpotatoes.（5）以f或fe结尾的词:干脆加s：roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,变f为v再加es：life,wife,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thiefWivesseesthievesareundershelves.Holingknivestokillwolves.Fallenleavescutwolvesintotwohalves,losinglives.

妻子见贼架下藏。手持刀子要杀狼。树叶把狼分两半，可怜老狼把命亡。(6)合成名词的复数形式：1.将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数：looker(s)-on,passer(s)-by,mother(s)-in-law②将最终一部分变为复数：grown-up(s),go-between(s)(中间人），2.含man或woman的合成名词：它们随其后名词单复数的变更而变更。如：amandoctor----twomendoctorswomanteacher---womenteachers留意：boystudents,girlfriends,ladydoctorsA>名词只能用复数形式的短语：doexercises（做操）takenotes(做笔记）taketurns（轮番）makefriendswith（交挚友）shakehandswith(握手）asfollows（如下）inrags（衣衫褴褛）indozens（成打的）II.不行数名词的”数”1.抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情心情的人或事。如：抽象名词（不行数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）insurprise惊异地asurprise一件令人惊异的事winsuccess获得成功asuccess一个(件)成功的人(事)winhonor赢得荣誉anhonor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)byexperience靠阅历anexperience一次经验youth青春ayouth一个青年人havepityonsb.怜悯某人apity惋惜的事情withpleasure乐意apleasure乐事Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Hethoughthimselfafailure.HehasgotrichexperienceaftermanyexperiencesThoughshelovesbeauty,sheisnotabeauty.Hegainssuccessinmarriage,butheisnotasuccessincareer.2.抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：AknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade.Wouldyouliketohaveawalk(swim,bath,talk)withme?Itisawasteoftimereadingsuchanovel.必需牢记的不行数名词progressadvicefuninformationworkbaggageluggagenewsjewelryweatherequipmentknowledgehomeworkfurniture改错：1.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.2.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.1)当不行数名词表示个体时，必需运用单位名词(量词)。apieceofadvice/bread/chalk/newsapairofglasses/shoes/trouserstwobottlesofink/milk/wine2）下面不行数名词不行与不定冠词连用。adviceweatherknowledgehomeworkprogressfunnewshouseworkinformationfurnituretraffic3)有些名词的用法随意义变更而不同。coffee(咖啡)acoffee(一杯咖啡)glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)man(人类)aman(男人)iron(铁)aniron(熨斗)room（空间）aroom（房间）work（工作）awork（著作）paper（报纸）apaper（报社）hair（头发）hairs（几根头发）

III.名词单复数的特殊状况:集体名词只用作复数：police,cattle,people，public,theyouth(2)集体名词用作不行数名词:clothing,furniture,luggage(baggage),wealth(3)集体名词视具体状况而定单复数：family,class,population,staff,crew,couple,public,group,team,party,club,company,government,committee,audience,enemy(4)只有复数形式的名词:clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,,scissors,goods，wages,tears,(5)以s结尾但不表示复数:

mathematics,physics,politics,,news,woods(森林),works(工厂)(6)有没有s结尾意义不同：

glass–glasses,cloth–clothes,work–works,water–waters,wood–woods,good–goods,time–times(时代),paper–papers(论文)custom–customs(海关),(7)姓氏后加s并带冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩:

theGreens；theChengs名词全部格表示名词间的全部关系“…的”一.名词全部格的构成方法1.单数名词后加“’s”*Tom’sbook*myfriend’suncle2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“’”即可*Teachers’Day*twoweeks’holiday3.不以s结尾的复数名词的全部格,仍按惯例加“’s”*Children’sDay*men’sshoes

留意：但是有些表示时间、距离、国家、等无生命的东西的名词，可以加“‘s”来构成全部格。Today’snewspapertenminutes'walk，China‘sproblem，tomorrow’sweatherintwoyears’timetwohours’delay留意：twohours’delay=atwo-hourdelay：例如：Wehavetenminutes’break.Wehaveaten－minutebreak．4.用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语，主要用于表示无生命名词的全部关系*apictureoftheclassroomthecoverofthebook.双重属格：限定词+名词+of+名词全部格/名词性物主代词强调左边的名词是右边名词的一部分：afriendofmyfather’s;twoclassmatesofminesomefriendsofmybrother’sthatbookofTim’s二.名词全部格的几个留意点1.可用名词全部格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*myaunt’s(home）*gototheteachers’(office）2.表示两人共同拥有,在最终一个名词后加“’s”LucyandLily’sroom露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有）Lucy’sandLily’sroom.露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有）

Ⅱ.语境感悟Two__1__(月)ago，Ihaddinnerat__2__(Mr.White)withtwo__3__(挚友)andthree__4__(英雄).Duringthedinner，Whitetalkedalotabouthis__5__(experience)inAmerica.Hetoldmethattheymetwithmany(difficult).Hegainedhis__8__(wealthy)byprintingworksoffamouswriters.Afterthedinner，hemadefive__9__(tea)forus.AsfarasIamconcerned，IthoughtMr.Whitefocusedtoomuchon(successful)becausehedidn'twanttobea__10__(fail).高考真题1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendsofh