高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day67

高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day67Passage1Ourhomegalaxy（星系）,theMilkyWay,makesforaprettyspacepicture,anditlooksnormalatadistance.Butanew3Dmaprevealsasurprise:.TheMilkyWayisaspiral（漩涡型的）galaxy,inwhichstarsandgascloudsexistmainlyinitsspiral“arms”.Ourmassiveneighbor,theAndromedagalaxy（仙女座），isalsospiral.Spiralgalaxiesusuallyappearveryflatandeasytoseethroughatelescope,saidtheresearchers.Using1,339large,pulsating（脉冲的）starstomakea3DmapoftheMilkyWay,researchersdiscoveredinsteadthatthegalaxy,sdiskofstarsisincreasinglytwisting,mostlikelyduetothespinningofthedisk.Andthefartherthestarsarefromthecenter,themoretwisteditbecomes.Previously,astronomerssawevidenceofhydrogencloudsbecomingwarped弯曲的）intheMilkyWay.Thisisn,tcompletelyabnormal,becauseastronomershavenoticedthesamepatternofprogressivelytwistingspiralsinaboutadozenothergalaxies.Butitdoeshelpthemmakemoresenseofourgalaxy.Becauseweliveinthisgalaxy,thatmakesithardertoobserve,anddustandstarlightmakeitevenmoredifficultwhenusingtelescopes.Tryingtodeterminewhatourgalacticcenterlookslikeissimilartotryingtofindthecenterofaforestyou,restandingin.“ItisextremelydifficulttodeterminedistancesfromtheSuntopartsoftheMilkyWay,soutergasdiskwithouthavingaclearideaofwhatthatdiskactuallylookslike,”leadstudyauthorXiaodianChenoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijingsaidinastatement.Fromafar,theMilkyWayappearslikeathinrotating（旋转的）diskofstars,orbitingthecentereveryfewhundredmillionyears.Inthecenter,hundredsofbillionsofstarsanddarkmatterholdthegalaxytogether.Butasyoumovetowardtheoutermostreachesofthegalaxy,thegravitationalglueofthecenterfades.Intheouterdisk,thiskeepshydrogengasfrombeingrestricted,whichcontributestoanS-shapedwarping.“Somewhattooursurprise,wefoundthatin3Dourcollectionof1339starsandtheMilkyWay,sgasdiskfolloweachotherclosely.Thisoffersnewinsightsintotheformationofourhomegalaxy,”RicharddeGrijs,seniorstudyco-authorandprofessoratMacquarieUniversity,sDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,saidinastatement.“Perhapsmoreimportantly,intheMilkyWay,souterregions,wefoundthattheS-likestellar（星的）diskiswarpedinaprogressivelyTwistedspiralpattern.”Sothemassiveinnerdisk,srotationalforcecausestheouterdisktowarp,theresearchersconcluded.“Thisresearchprovidesacrucialupdatedmapforstudiesofourgalaxy,sstellarmotionsandtheoriginsoftheMilkyWay,”saidLicaiDeng,co-authorandseniorresearcherattheChineseAcademyofSciences,inastatement.Whichofthefollowingmightbethemissingsentenceinthefirstparagraph?TheMilkyWayisbeingwarpedandtwistedbyitsstars.TheMilkyWayisspiralandorbitingitselfallthetime.Theformationofourhomegalaxyisduetotheforceofgravity.TheoriginoftheMilkyWayliesinitsrotationalforce.Whatdoestheunderlined“this”referto?A.theMilkyWayB.thegravitationalglueC.thefadingofgravityD.theoutermostreachofthegalaxyWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Thegalaxyweliveinisuniqueforitsspecialspirals.ThestarsinthecenteroftheMilkyWayaremoretwisted.Thedistancefromthesuntootherstarsisalreadyknowntoscientists.TherotationofitsinnercenterforcestheMilkyWaytotwist.Whatisthesignificanceofthisfinding?ItrevealswhytheMilkyWayisaflatandspiralgalaxy.Itleadstoabreakthroughofusing3Dtechnologyinspaceresearch.ItprovesapreviouswayofobservingtheMilkyWaywhilewearelivinginit.D.ItcontributestoourknowledgeabouttheMilkyWay.Passage2Ineverseenthenightnorseenastar;I,veseenneitherspringnorfallnorwinter.IwasbornattheendoftheReiningAge（刹车时代）,justastheEarth,srotation（旋转）wascomingtoafinalstop.TheReininglastedfor42years,threeyearslongerthantheUnityGovernmenthadplanned.Mymotheroncetoldmeaboutthetimeourfamilywitnessedthelastsunset.TheSunhadeversoslowlycrepttowardthehorizon,almostasifithadstoppedmovingaltogether.Intheend,ittookthreedaysandthreenightstofinallyset.Naturally,thatwastheendofall“days”andall“nights”.TheEasternHemisphere半球）wascoveredinweaklightforalongtimethen,perhapsforadozenyearsorso—withtheSunhidingjustbeyondthehorizon—itsraysreflectedbyhalfofthesky.ItwasduringthatlongsunsetthatIwasborn.Duskdidnotmeandarkness.TheNorthernHemispherewaslitupbytheEarthEngines.ThesegiantengineshadbeenraisedallacrossAsiaandNorthAmerica;onlythesolidplatesbeneaththosetwocontinentscouldresistthegreatpushingforcestheyexerted.Therewereabout12,000EarthEnginesbuiltanddistributedacrosstheAsianandAmericanplains.FrommyhomeIcouldseethebrightplasmaplumes（等离子气柱）ofseveralhundredEarthEngines.Justimagineatitanicpalace,oneaslargeastheParthenonontheAcropolis.Nowimaginecountlesstitanicpillarsrisingfromthatpalace,reachingtotheheavens,eachreleasingbrilliant,bluish-whitelightlikeatitanicshiningtube.Andthenthereisyou;youareamicrobeonthepalace,sfloor.Thisonlybeginstopaintthepictureoftheworldwelivedin.Thispicture,however,isnotyetcomplete.Inordertosurvivethemeltingtemperatureoftheexpandingsun,wehavetopushtheEarthawayfromit.First,theEarthmustbestoppedfromrotating.Onlytheforcesactingtangentially正切地）totheEarth,srotationcouldslowit,sotheEarthEngineshadtobebuilttoaspecificangle.Thosegiganticpillarsoflightwereleaningtothatangle.Nowimaginewhatthatmeantforourpalace,withitspillarsallleaningonthepointoffallingdown!ManywhocamefromtheSouthernHemispherewentmadwhensuddenlyseeingthisawesomeview.WorsethantheviewwastheburningheatreleasedbytheEarthEngines.Outdoorsthetemperaturewasstuckataround160to180degrees,forcingustowearspecialsuitsjusttoleavethehouse.Theextremelyhightemperaturesoftenbroughtpouringrains.ItwasalwaysaterrifyingscenewhenthebeamofanEarthEnginecutthroughdarkclouds.Thecloudsscatteredthebrilliant,bluish-whitelightofthebeam,eruptingitintoendlessrainbowlightthatcoveredtheentireskylikewhite-hotmagma（岩浆）.Tomygeneration,bornintheNorthernHemisphere,allofthiswasperfectlynormalandnatural,justliketheSun,starsandMoonhadbeentogenerationsbeforetheReiningAge.WecalledtheentirehistoryofthehumanracethathadcomebeforeusthePre-SolarAge;whatafascinatingandgoldenerathathadtrulybeen!TheReiningAgelefttheearthwithahorrifyingresult.Theseatides,quickenedbytheEarthEngines,hadswallowedtwooutofeverythreecitiesintheNorthernHemisphere;thentheglobalincreaseintemperaturesmeltedthepolaricecap,resultinginfloodsthatspreadtotheSouthernHemisphere.Thirtyyearsearliermygrandfatherhadwitnessedgiant300-footwavesthathadengulfedShanghai.Evennow,hecouldnevertellusaboutitwithouthisgazeslippingintoathousand-milestare.Ourplanethadalreadychangedbeyondrecognitionbeforeitevensetoutonitsjourney.Whoknewwhathardshipswerewaitingforusonourlongtravelsthroughouterspace?Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasborn?Theearthhadstoppedturningforforty-twoyears.Thesunwasmakingitslastfalltowardsthehorizon.AlltheEarthEngineshadnotbeenfinished.Hisfamilyweresufferingfromthesummerhotness.WhichofthefollowingabouttheEarthEnginesisright?TheywerebuiltinAsiaandNorthAmericaduetotheirhugenumberandweight.Theirlightandheatprovidednecessaryenergyforpeopletosurvive.Theywereallbuilttopointstraightupwardtotheskytostoptheearthrotating.Theirexistencebroughtbothopportunitiesandinconveniencetopeopleontheearth.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?PeoplebornintheSouthernHemispherecouldenjoyfourdifferentseasons.TheauthormissedhisPre-SolarAgelifestyleverymuch.GrandfatherwouldneverforgetthesceneofShanghaibeingswallowed.Theauthorwasdiscouragedbutoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheearth.Inthisexcerpt（节选）wecanclearlyseethattheauthorisgoodat.A.describingmentalactivitiesB.visualizingvividscenesC.doingexperimentalanalysisD.expressingpersonalbeliefThisexcerptisapartof.A.adocumentarynovel B.anacademicessayC.ascientificresearchreportD.asciencefictionWhatisthebesttitleofthischapter?A.TheLastSunset B.TheEarthEnginesC.TheReiningAge D.ThePost-SolarLifePassage3Irecentlyturnedfifty,whichisyoungforatree,midlifeforanelephant,andancientforasportsman.FiftyisanicenumberforthestatesintheUSorforanationalspeedlimitbutitisnotanumberthatIwaspreparedtohavehungonme.Fiftyissupposedtobemyfather'sage,butnowIamstuckwiththisnumberandeverythingitmeans.Afewdaysago,afriendtriedtocheermeupbysaying,“Fiftyiswhatfortyusedtobe.”Hehadmadeaninspirationalpoint.AmIoverthehill?Peoplekeeptellingmethatthehillhasbeenmoved,andIkeeptellingthemthatthehigh-jumpbarhasdroppedfromthesixfeetIonceeasilyclearedtothefourfeetthatisimpossibleformenow.“Youarenotgettingolder,youaregettingbetter,”saysDr.JoyceBrothers.This,however,isthekindofdoctorwhoinspiresasecondopinion.AndsoasIapproachthedaywhenIcannotevenjumpoverthetennisnet,Iammovedtosharesomethoughtsonagingwithyou.Iammovedtoshowhowagingfeelstomephysicallyandmentally.Gettingolder,ofcourse,isobviouslyabetterchangethantheonethatbringsyoueulogies（悼词）.Infact,apoetnamedRobertBrowningconsidereditthebestchangeofall:Growoldalongwithme!Thebestisyettome.WhetherornotBrowningwasright,mostofmyfirstfiftyyearshavebeengoldenones,soIwillsettleforwhatisaheadbeingasgoodaswhathasgoneby.Ifindmyselfmovingtowardwhatisaheadwithacuriousblending（混合）ofbothfightingandacceptingmyaging,hopingthatthephilosopher（哲学家）wasrightwhenhesaid,“Oldisalwaysfifteenyearsfromnow.”TheauthorseemstotellusinParagraph1that.A.timealonewilltell B. timegoesbyquicklyC.timewillshowwhatisright D. timemakesoneforgetthepastWhentheauthorturnedfifty,peoplearoundhim.A.triedtocomforthim B. gotinspirationwithhimC.werefriendlierwithhim D. foundhimmoretalkativeTheauthorconsidershisfiftyyearsoflife.A.peacefulB.ordinaryC.satisfactory D.regretfulWecaninferfromthepassagethat.theoldshouldleadasimplelifetheoldshouldfacethefactofagingtheoldshouldtakemoreexercisetheoldshouldfillthemselveswithcuriosityPassage4Ifirstbeganexperiencinganxietyanddepressionattheageof14,afterbeingbullied（欺凌）atschoolforyears.Whileatfirstanxietyanddepressionwouldcomeandgo,iteventuallybecameaconstantpartofmylife.IwassoeagertofindthesolutiontoovercomingmyanxietyanddepressionthatItriedeverythingfromwhenIwasincollegetograduateschool:mood,changingmedication,specialteas,yoga,anythingIreadaboutinbooks,andadvicegivebydoctors.Despitethis,IstillfeltIhadn'tevencomeclosetomanagingtheproblem.Butoneafternoon,myeyesfelluponanarticleinamagazineIwasreadingthattalkedabouthowdogswereabletohelppeoplewithanxietyanddepression.Theverynextday,Idecidedtogetadog—acorgi.WhenIbroughtmylittlecorgi,Buddy,home,Ididn'trealizehowmuchhewouldchangemylife.Itdidn'thappenrightaway,however.Oncethe"puppyexcitement"wentaway,myanxietyanddepressioncamebackasusual.Onemorning,Iwokeupwiththosefamiliarfeelingagain.Ididn'twanttogetoutofbed.Iturnedtopullthecoversbackovermyheadandgiveup.That'swhenIsawBuddy.Buddystartedjumpingalloverme,lickingmyface,lettingmeknowthatitwastimetogooutside.Itwasasifheweresaying,"There'snotimetobesad;theworldisamazing!"Andforthefirsttimeinmylife,mylifewaschanging.Ireallywasanewperson.Thiswasmynewbeginning.It'sbeenmorethanayearsincethatday,andI'veneverspentanothermorningunabletogetoutofbed.I'venotcriedmyselftosleeporspentmydaysstuckwithfearandregret.Sure,IstillhavedayswhenIfeelsadoranxious.ButwithBuddy,mybestfriend,bymyside,I'vefinallylearnedhowtomanagethesefeelingsandemotions.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,theauthor.hasbeenaschoolbullyforyearssufferedfromdepressionsincecollegetriedmanywaystofightdepressionbutnothingworkedfeltlessdepressedaftertakingmedicationanddoingyogaHowdidtheauthorknowhavingadogmighthelpwithherdepression?Shereaditinanarticlebychance.Adoctorrecommendedittoher.Shehearditfromsomeotherdepressionsufferers.Shefoundoutherselfafterspendingsometimewithacorgi.Howdoestheauthorfeelinthelastparagraph?A.HopefulB.AnxiousC.ConfusedD.DoubtfulWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?PuppyExcitementProblemManagementGettingRidofStressDefeatingDepressionwithBuddyPassage5WelcometotheBritishMuseum,thegrandestandthemostspectacularofhumanhistory.Theadmissionisfreeandweopeneverydayfrom10:00to15:30.Youcanexplore10departmentsincluding:TheDepartmentofAfrica,OceaniaandtheAmericasThecollectionoftheDepartmentofAfrica,OceaniaandtheAmericasincludesaround350,000objects.Thescopeofthecollectioniscontemporary,andhistorical.ItincludesmostofAfrica,thePacificandAustralia,aswellastheAmericas.Allofthecollectionsweregotduringthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturiesanddatefromthistime.TheDepartmentofAsiaTheDepartmentofAsiacoversthematerialandvisualculturesofAsia-avastgeographicalareaofJapan,Korea,China,CentralAsia,Afghanistan,SouthAsiaandSouth-EastAsia.Thecollectiondatesfromabout4000BC,tothepresentday.Itrepresentstheculturesandwaysoflifeoflocalpeopleandotherminoritygroups.TheDepartmentofGreekandRomanEmpiresTheDepartmentofGreekandRomanEmpiresfeaturesantiquities(古董).IthasoneofthemostcomprehensivecollectionsofantiquitiesfromtheClassicalworld,withover100,000objects.ThesemostlyrangeindatefromthebeginningoftheGreekBronzeAge(about3200BC)tothetimeoftheRomanemperorConstantineinthefourthcenturyAD.ThescopeoftheDepartmentofAfrica,OceaniaandAmericasdoesn'tinclude.A.Africa B.AustraliaC.theSouthAmerica D.BritainTheearliestcollectionisfrom.TheDepartmentofAfrica,OceaniaandtheAmericasTheDepartmentofAsiaTheDepartmentofGreekandRomanEmpiresAlloftheaboveTheDepartmentofAsiarepresents.thegeographicfeaturesofAsiatherelationshipsbetweenAsiancountriesthelifestylesandculturaltraditionsofsomepeoplestheculturalfightsbetweensomenativegroups参考答案Passage1A推理判断题。先看前文anew3Dmaprevealsasurprise,可见填补句，突出的特点是surprise（令人惊奇的），然后再看后几段内容的提示，第二段“TheMilkyWayisaspiral（漩涡型的）galaxy,inwhichstarsandgascloudsexistmainlyinitsspiral“arms”第三段“Using1,339large,pulsating（脉冲的）starstomakea3DmapoftheMilkyWay,researchersdiscoveredinsteadthatthegalaxy,sdiskofstarsisincreasinglytwisting,mostlikelyduetothespinningofthedisk.”第四段“Previously,astronomerssawevidenceofhydrogencloudsbecomingwarped（弯曲的）intheMilky亚己丫”可知，银河系是一个螺旋形的星系，其中恒星和气体云主要存在于其螺旋形的“旋臂”中。研究人员利用1339颗大的脉冲（脉冲）恒星绘制了银河系的三维地图，发现银河系的恒星盘越来越扭曲，最有可能是由于盘的旋转。此前，天文学家看到银河系中氢气云发生扭曲的迹象。所以以上这些都在说明恒星的扭曲导致了银河扭曲。又因为所缺少的句子在第一段处于总说的内容，故通过下文分说的内容，判断出银河系中恒星的弯曲导致了银河系的弯曲。故A选项正确。C词义猜测题。由第八段“asyoumovetowardtheoutermostreachesofthegalaxy,thegravitationalglueofthecenterfades”可知，当你向星系的最外层移动时，星系中心的引力会逐渐消失。然后intheouterdisk,thiskeeps…frombeingrestricted"在外区，这使氢气不受限制”，“this”就应该是上文提到的“thegravitationalglueofthecenterfades”。所以带下划线的“this”是指thefadingofgravity“重力的减弱”。故C选项正确。D细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Sothemassiveinnerdisk,srotationalforcecausestheouterdisktowarp,theresearchersconcluded.'可知，因此，研究人员得出结论，巨大的内盘旋转力，导致外盘弯曲。所以D选项“其内部中心的旋转迫使银河系发生弯曲”正确。故D选项正确。D细节理解题。由最后段“Thisresearchprovidesacrucialupdatedmapforstudiesofourgalaxy,sstellarmotionsandtheoriginsoftheMilkyWay,”可知，这项研究为研究银河系的恒星运动和银河系起源提供了一张重要的更新地图。所以这10个发现的意义在于它有助于我们更好地了解银河系。故D选项正确。Passage2B细节理解题。由第二段“Mymotheroncetoldmeaboutthetimeourfamilywitnessedthelastsunset.TheSunhadeversoslowlycrepttowardthehorizon,almostasifithadstoppedmovingaltogether.Intheend,ittookthreedaysandthreenightstofinallyset.Naturally,thatwastheendofall“days”andall“nights'"'可知，我妈妈曾经告诉我，我们家见证了最后一次日落。太阳曾经如此缓慢地向地平线移动，几乎就像完全停止了移动一样。最后，花了三天三夜才最终停止下来。这就是所有“白天”和所有“夜晚”的结束。作者出生时，太阳最后一次落向地平线。故B选项正确。D细节理解题。由第三段“Duskdidnotmeandarkness.TheNorthernHemispherewaslitupbytheEarthEngines.”第五段“ManywhocamefromtheSouthernHemispherewentmadwhensuddenlyseeingthisawesomeview.”第六段“WorsethantheviewwastheburningheatreleasedbytheEarthEngines.Outdoorsthetemperaturewasstuckataround160to180degrees,forcingustowearspecialsuitsjusttoleavethe^^©，可知，黄昏并不意味着黑暗。地球引擎照亮了北半球。许多来自南半球的人突然看到这种令人敬畏的景象时都疯了。比景色更糟糕的是地球引擎释放的燃烧热量。室外的温度停留在160到180度左右，迫使我们穿上特殊的衣服离开房子。所以引擎既给我们逃离高温的机会但也给我们带来诸多的不便。故D选项正确。C推理判断题。由倒数第二段“thirtyyearsearlier,mygrandfatherhadwitnessedgiant300footwavedthathadengulfedShanghai.Evennow,hecouldnevertellusaboutitwithouthisgazeslippingintoathousand-mildstare.”可知，三十年前，我的祖父目睹了300英尺高的巨浪吞没了上海。即使是现在，他也无法告诉我们这件事，他的目光凝视着远方。所以判断出祖父永远不会忘记上海被吞并的情景。故C选项正确。B推理判断题。由第四段-ustimagineatitanicpalace,oneaslargeastheParthenonontheAcropolis.Nowimaginecountlesstitanicpillarsrisingfromthatpalace,reachingtotheheavens,eachreleasingbrilliant,bluish-whitelightlikeatitanic11shiningtube.第五段“Nowimaginewhatthatmeantforourpalace,withitspillarsallleaningonthepointoffalling也0口!”可知，想象一下一座巨大的宫殿，有卫城的帕台农神庙那么大。现在想象无数根巨大的柱子从那座宫殿升起，伸向天空，每根巨大的柱子都像发光管一样发出明亮的蓝白色光。现在想象一下这对我们的宫殿意味着什么，它的柱子都要倒了！所以通过作者的描写可以看出，所以作者是在把抽象的东西具体化，以生动的方式调动读者的多重感官。故判断出在这篇节选中，我们可以清楚地看到作者善于将生动的场景形象化。故B选项正确。D推理判断题。科幻小说是西方近代文学的一种新体裁。它的情节不可能发生在人们已知的世界上，但它的基础是有关人类或宇宙起源的某种设想，有关科技领域（包括假设性的科技领域）的某种虚构出来的新发现。从语言风格来以及故事的主要内容，这篇文章科幻色彩浓郁，属于科幻系列。故判断出这段短文摘录于科幻小