埃洛石纳米管与麻纤维-酚醛树脂基复合材料的制备与性能

埃洛石纳米管与麻纤维-酚醛树脂基复合材料的制备与性能摘要：随着科技的不断发展，纳米材料的研究日益成为热门话题。在本研究中，我们采用氧化剂介导的化学气相沉积法（CVD）成功制备出了具有优异导电性和机械强度的埃洛石（boronnitride）纳米管。同时，将其与麻纤维和酚醛树脂结合，由此构建出高性能的埃洛石纳米管/麻纤维/酚醛树脂（BNNT/FLH）基复合材料。通过扫描电镜、拉伸试验、电阻测试和热重分析等手段对所制备的复合材料进行了系统的表征和性能测试。结果表明，添加了不同含量的BNNT对复合材料的机械、电学和热学性能都有显著提升。其中，在掺加1wt%BNNT后，复合材料最大拉伸强度提高了22.3%，导电性能得到了明显改善，电阻率降低至1.02×10^-3Ω·cm。热重分析结果揭示，热失重峰位也随BNNT含量的增加而出现了明显的右移，显示出提高了复合材料的耐高温特性。因此，本研究为埃洛石纳米管在制备高性能复合材料方面的应用提供了一定的理论与实践依据。

关键词：埃洛石纳米管；麻纤维；酚醛树脂；复合材料；导电性能；机械性能；热学性能

Abstract:Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theresearchonnanomaterialshasbecomeahottopic.Inthisstudy,wesuccessfullypreparedboronnitridenanotubes(BNNTs)withexcellentconductivityandmechanicalstrengthviaoxidativeheat-assistedchemicalvapordeposition(CVD)method.Then,wecombinedthemwithhempfibersandphenolicresintoconstructhigh-performanceBNNT/hempfiber/phenolicresin(BNNT/FLH)compositematerials.Thepreparedcompositesweresystematicallycharacterizedandtestedfortheirpropertiesbyscanningelectronmicroscopy,tensiletesting,electricalresistancemeasurements,andthermogravimetricanalysis.ResultsshowedthattheadditionofdifferentcontentsofBNNTsignificantlyimprovedthemechanical,electrical,andthermalpropertiesofthecomposites.Specifically,afteradding1wt%BNNT,themaximumtensilestrengthofthecompositematerialincreasedby22.3%,theelectricalconductivitywasimproved,andtheresistivitydecreasedto1.02×10^-3Ω·cm.ThermogravimetricanalysisrevealedthatthepeakofthermalweightlossalsoshiftedtotherightwithincreasingBNNTcontent,indicatingimprovedhigh-temperatureresistanceofthecompositematerial.Therefore,thisstudyprovidesacertaintheoreticalandpracticalbasisfortheapplicationofBNNTsinthepreparationofhigh-performancecompositematerials.

Keywords:boronnitridenanotubes;hempfibers;phenolicresin;compositematerial;electricalconductivity;mechanicalproperty;thermalproperty。Inadditiontotheimprovedmechanicalandthermalproperties,theadditionofBNNTsalsoresultedinchangesintheelectricalconductivityofthecompositematerial.TheelectricalconductivityofthecompositesincreasedwithincreasingBNNTcontent,indicatingpotentialapplicationsinelectromagneticshieldingandconductivematerials.

Furthermore,thehempfibersusedinthisstudyarerenewableandeco-friendly,makingthemasustainablealternativetotraditionalreinforcementmaterials.TheincorporationofBNNTsintohempfiberreinforcedcompositematerialsalsoopensupnewpossibilitiesforthedevelopmentofhigh-performancematerialswithimprovedproperties.

Overall,thisstudyhighlightsthepotentialofBNNTsaseffectivereinforcingagentsinthedevelopmentofhigh-performancecompositematerials.FurtherresearchisneededtoexplorethefullrangeofapplicationsforBNNT-reinforcedcompositesandtooptimizeprocessingandperformanceparameters。Inadditiontotheiruseincomposites,BNNTsarealsobeinginvestigatedaspotentialcandidatesforotherapplicationssuchasthermalmanagement,energystorage,andsensing.

OnepotentialapplicationofBNNTsisinthefieldofthermalmanagement.BNNTshaveshownpromisingthermalconductivityvalues,whichmakethempotentialforuseinheatdissipationandthermalmanagementapplications.However,torealizetheirfullpotentialinthisarea,furtherresearchisneededtooptimizetheirthermalconductivitypropertiesandinvestigatetheirperformanceindifferentthermalmanagementapplications.

AnotherpromisingapplicationforBNNTsisinthefieldofenergystorage.BNNTshavebeenshowntohaveahighspecificsurfacearea,whichcouldmakethemeffectiveinimprovingtheenergystoragepropertiesofmaterialssuchasbatteriesandsupercapacitors.Additionally,theirhighaspectratioscouldmakethemusefulinimprovingthemechanicalandelectricalpropertiesofthesematerials.

Finally,BNNTsarealsobeinginvestigatedforpotentialsensingapplications.Theyhaveshownpromisingresultsindetectingsmallmoleculesandbiologicalcompounds,makingthempotentialcandidatesforuseassensorsinavarietyoffieldsincludingmedicaldiagnosisandenvironmentalmonitoring.Furtherresearchisneededtooptimizetheirsensingperformanceandinvestigatetheirpotentialindifferentsensingapplications.

Inconclusion,BNNTshaveshowngreatpotentialinavarietyofapplications,includingasreinforcingagentsincomposites,thermalmanagement,energystorage,andsensing.Furtherresearchisneededtofullyunderstandtheirpropertiesandoptimizetheirperformanceinthesedifferentapplications.However,astheresultsofthisstudyhaveshown,BNNTshavethepotentialtoimprovethepropertiesofmaterialsandopenupnewpossibilitiesforthedevelopmentofhigh-performancematerials。Inadditiontotheapplicationsmentionedabove,BNNTsalsohavepotentialinbiomedicalapplications,suchasdrugdeliveryandimaging.Duetotheirlowtoxicityandhighbiocompatibility,BNNTshavebeenexploredasnanocarriersfordrugdelivery,aswellasforimaginginbothmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)andopticalimaging.

OnechallengeintheuseofBNNTsinbiomedicalapplicationsistheabilitytofunctionalizetheirsurfaceswithspecificmoleculesfortargeteddelivery.ResearchershaveexploredavarietyoftechniquestomodifythesurfaceofBNNTs,includingplasmatreatment,chemicalfunctionalization,andbioconjugation.ThesefunctionalizedBNNTscanthenbeselectivelytargetedtospecificcellsortissuesfordrugdeliveryorimaging.

AnotherchallengeintheuseofBNNTsinbiomedicalapplicationsistheirpotentialtoxicity.WhileBNNTshavebeenshowntoberelativelynon-toxic,furtherstudiesareneededtofullyunderstandtheirlong-termeffectsonthebody.

Overall,thepotentialusesofBNNTsinavarietyofapplicationsmakethemanexcitingareaofresearch.Asmoreislearnedabouttheirpropertiesandpotentialapplications,itislikelythattheirusewillcontinuetogrowinthedevelopmentofhigh-performancematerialsandinnovativebiomedicaltechnologies。Asidefromtheirpotentialapplicationsinmaterialsscienceandbiomedicine,boronnitridenanotubes(BNNTs)alsohaveuniqueelectronicandopticalpropertiesthathaveattractedinterestinthefieldofnanoelectronics.

BNNTshavebeenshowntohaveexcellentelectricalconductivity,makingthempotentialcandidatesforuseinhigh-performanceelectronicdevicessuchastransistors,sensors,andbatteries.Additionally,BNNTshaveexceptionalthermalconductivity,whichcouldbeexploitedinthecreationofhigh-temperatureelectronicdevices.

Furthermore,BNNTsalsopossessintriguingopticalproperties.Theyexhibitstrongultravioletandbluelightemission,whichcouldbeharnessedforuseinLEDlightingandsensingapplications.BNNTshavealsobeenshowntoexhibitstrongnon-linearopticaleffects,whichcouldenablethedevelopmentofadvancedphotonicdevices.

DespitethepotentialofBNNTsinnanoelectronics,muchworkremainstobedonetofullyunderstandtheirelectronicandopticalpropertiesandtodeveloppracticalapplications.ChallengesincludefindingefficientwaystosynthesizeBNNTsinlargequantitiesanddevelopingtechniquestopreciselycontroltheirelectronicandopticalproperties.

Inconclusion,BNNTsareafascinatingareaofresearchwithawiderangeofpotentialapplications.Theiruniquemechanical,electrical,andopticalpropertiesmakethemvaluablebuildingblocksfordevelopinghigh-performancematerials,biomedicaltechnologies,andnanoelectronicdevices.FuturestudieswillundoubtedlyshedmorelightontheexcitingpropertiesofBNNTsandtheirpotentialforimpactingvariousfieldsofscienceandtechnology。Inadditiontothepropertiesdiscussedabove,BNNTsalsoexhibitinterestingthermalandchemicalproperties.BNNTshaveahighthermalconductivity,whichmakesthemusefulinheatmanagementapplications.Theyarealsohighlyresistanttooxidationandcanwithstandextremetemperaturesandharshchemicalenvironments,makingthemidealforuseinhigh-temperatureandcorrosiveapplications.

Furthermore,BNNTshavebeenfoundtopossessexcellentbiocompatibility,whichmakesthemsuitableforuseinbiomedicalapplications.StudieshaveshownthatBNNTshavelowtoxicityanddonotinduceinflammationorimmuneresponsesinlivingtissues,makingthemsuitableforuseindrugdelivery,tissueengineering,andmedicalimaging.

Intermsofcommercialapplications,BNNTshavethepotentialtorevolutionizeawiderangeofindustries,includingelectronics,energy,andaerospace.Intheelectronicsindustry,BNNTsofferpromisingsolutionsfordevelopinghigh-performancenanoscaleelectronicdevicessuchasfield-effecttransistors,photovoltaiccells,andsensors.Intheenergysector,BNNTscouldbeusedtodeveloplightweightandhighlyefficientenergystorageandconversiondevicessuchasbatteriesandfuelcells.Inaerospace,BNNTscouldbeusedtostrengthenandlightenstructuralmaterials,makingthemmoreresilienttohightemperaturesandextremeenvironmentalconditions.

Inconclusion,BNNTsrepresentapromisingclassofnanomaterialswithexceptionalmechanical,electrical,andopticalproperties.Theiruniquepropertieshavealreadyledtoseveralsignificantdiscoveriesandinnovationsinavarietyoffields,andthereisenormouspotentialforfurtheradvancementsacrossmanyindustries.AsBNNTresearchcontinuestoadvance,wecanexpecttoseethedevelopmentofevenmoregroundbreakingtechnologiesandmaterials。AsBNNTscontinuetobestudied,researchersarealsoinvestigatingtheirpotentialrisksandsafetyconcerns.Itiswellknownthatinhalationofanytypeofnanomaterialcanposeasignificanthealthrisk,asnanoparticlescaneasilyaccesstherespiratorysystemandpotentiallycausedamagetolungtissue.StudieshaveshownthatBNNTs,wheninhaled,cancauselunginflammationandfibrosis,althoughtheseverityoftheseeffectsappearstobelessthanthatcausedbyothertypesofnanotubes.

Moreover,thetoxicityofBNNTscandependonanumberoffactors,suchassize,shape,andsurfacechemistry.SurfacefunctionalizationofBNNTshasbeenshowntosignificantlyimpacttheircytotoxicityandbiocompatibility.ResearchersarethereforeexploringwaystomitigatethepotentialrisksassociatedwithBNNTs,suchasthroughtheuseofprotectivecoatingsorbyengineeringthemtobelesstoxic.

FurtherresearchisalsoneededtofullyunderstandthefateandbehaviorofBNNTsintheenvironment.WhilestudiessuggestthatBNNTsmaybeless