恒源煤矿邻矿闭坑矿界煤岩柱采动损伤及其隔水性研究

恒源煤矿邻矿闭坑矿界煤岩柱采动损伤及其隔水性研究摘要：

随着我国煤炭资源开采不断加强，越来越多的煤矿开发在进行着。而且这其中很多煤矿的邻矿闭坑也很多，因此这些煤矿开采中相当多的工作面需要穿越邻近的已关闭的煤矿。在穿越邻近矿山时，会对矿山的煤岩柱产生一定的损伤，从而增加矿井的地质灾害风险。同时，这些邻矿闭坑与开采矿山之间的界线地带还具有一定的隔水性。

本文选取了恒源煤矿邻矿闭坑矿界为研究对象，以岩石机械特性理论为基础，通过现场采集和室内试验等多种方法，对该煤矿的煤岩柱采动损伤和隔水性进行了深入的研究。研究发现，该煤矿在穿越邻近的闭坑煤岩柱时，会产生不同程度的损伤，而煤岩柱失稳会对井下的安全造成威胁。另外，闭坑煤岩柱路堵水效果明显，可以有效隔绝矿井下部水体的传递。

关键词：

邻矿闭坑；矿界；煤岩柱；采动；损伤；隔水性

Abstract:

WiththecontinuousstrengtheningofcoalresourcesdevelopmentinChina,moreandmorecoalminesarebeingdeveloped.Therearealsomanyclosedminesnearmanyofthesecoalmines,soaconsiderablenumberofworkingfacesinthesecoalminesneedtopassthroughadjacentclosedmines.Whenpassingthroughneighboringmines,thecoal-rockpillarsofthemineswillbedamagedtosomeextent,whichincreasesthegeologicalhazardriskofthemines.Atthesametime,theborderzonebetweenneighboringminesandtheminingminesalsohasacertainwaterresistance.

Inthispaper,theneighboringmineclosureofHengyuanCoalMinewasselectedastheresearchobject.Basedonthetheoryofrockmechanicalproperties,multiplemethodssuchasfieldcollectionandlaboratoryexperimentswereusedtostudythecoal-rockpillardamageandwaterresistanceofthecoalmine.Itwasfoundthatthecoalrocksoftheminewillbedamagedtovaryingdegreeswhenpassingthroughtheneighboringclosedmines,andtheinstabilityofthecoal-rockpillarswillposeathreattothesafetyofundergroundmines.Inaddition,theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsoftheneighboringclosedminesonwaterissignificant,whichcaneffectivelyisolatethetransmissionofwaterinthelowerpartofthemine.

Keywords:

neighboringclosedmines;miningboundary;coal-rockpillar;mining;damage;waterresistanceTheexistenceofneighboringclosedminesposesasignificantchallengetominingoperationsattheminingboundary.Thecoal-rockpillarsseparatingtheactiveminefromtheclosedminesarecriticalformaintainingthestabilityofundergroundworkings.However,duetotheextensiveminingactivitiesinthearea,thesepillarsareoftendamagedtovaryingdegrees.Thedamagetothecoal-rockpillarswillcompromisetheintegrityoftheundergroundminingworkings,increasingtheriskofrockfallsandotherhazards.Hence,itisessentialtoregularlymonitorandmaintainthecoal-rockpillarstoensurethesafetyofthemine.

Inaddition,theneighboringclosedminescanalsoaffectthewaterresistanceoftheactiveminingoperations.Theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminescaneffectivelyisolatethetransmissionofwaterinthelowerpartofthemine.Thisisimportantbecauseexcessivewaterinfluxcandisruptminingactivitiesandposeaseriousthreattothesafetyofworkers.Therefore,itiscrucialtomaintainthestabilityofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminestopreventwateringressandensurethesmoothoperationofthemine.

Inconclusion,neighboringclosedminescanhaveasignificantimpactonthestabilityandsafetyoftheminingoperationsattheminingboundary.Thedamagetothecoal-rockpillarsseparatingtheactiveminefromtheclosedminescancompromisetheintegrityoftheundergroundworkingsandincreasetheriskofvarioushazards.Furthermore,theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminescansignificantlyaffectthewaterresistanceoftheactivemine.Therefore,propermonitoringandmaintenanceofthecoal-rockpillarsareessentialforensuringthesafetyandefficiencyofminingoperationsinsuchareasMiningisahighlycomplexanddangerousindustry,withcountlessvariablescomingintoplayeverywherefromtheplanningstagestotheactiveminingprocess.However,oneofthemostcriticalaspectsofminingsafetyisensuringthestructuralintegrityoftheundergroundworkings.Inmineswherethereareactiveandclosedsections,thiscanbeespeciallychallenging,asdamageorcollapseinonesectioncanhavearippleeffectthroughouttheentiremine.

Thecoal-rockpillarsthatseparateactiveandclosedminescanfunctionascriticallyimportantbarriersinprotectingminersfromcave-ins,collapses,andotherhazards.Thesepillarsserveassupportstopreventmineroofsandwallsfromcollapsingandfallingontotheminersworkingbelow.However,overtime,thestructuralstabilityofthesepillarscanbecomecompromisedduetoarangeoffactors,fromminingoperationsinnearbyareastonaturalshiftsingeology.

Whencoal-rockpillarsareinsufficientlysupported,theycanbeatriskofbuckling,cracking,orcollapsingaltogether.Thiscanputminersworkingintheactivesectionofthemineatriskofbeingtrapped,buried,orinjured.Furthermore,thecollapseofcoal-rockpillarsintheclosedsectionoftheminecanalsohaveadetrimentalimpactonthewaterresistanceoftheactivesection.Aswatercanseepthroughthedamagedareasofthecoal-rockpillars,itcanfloodtheactivesectionofthemine,potentiallyputtingminersatriskofdrowningorbeingsweptaway.

Topreventtheseworst-casescenarios,it'scrucialthatminingcompaniestaketheproperstepstomonitorandmaintainthestructuralintegrityofthecoal-rockpillars.Thiscaninvolvearangeoftactics,fromregularinspectionsandassessmentstoimplementingadvancedtechnologieslikeseismicmonitoringandgeotechnicalanalysis.Byconstantlymonitoringthestabilityandsustainabilityofthecoal-rockpillars,miningcompaniescangetaheadofpotentialissuesandproactivelytakestepstopreventthemfromcausingharm.

Inconclusion,maintainingthestructuralintegrityofcoal-rockpillarsinmineswithactiveandclosedsectionsisessentialforensuringthesafetyandefficiencyofminingoperations.Bycarefullymonitoringthesebarriersandtakingproactivemeasureswhenneeded,miningcompaniescanensurethattheirworkersareprotectedfromcave-ins,collapses,andflooding.SuchmeasurescanultimatelyimprovethebottomlineforminingbusinessownersbymaximizingproductionyieldswhileminimizingtheriskofinjuryorlossoflifeOnewaytoimprovetheintegrityofcoal-rockpillarsistousemodernengineeringtechniquesandtechnologies.Forexample,acomputer-aideddesignprogramcanbeusedtocreateavirtualmodelofthemine,allowingengineerstoidentifypotentialweaknessesinthepillarsandcomeupwithsolutionstostrengthenthem.Inaddition,advancedmonitoringtechnologiescanbeinstalledtomeasurethestressandstrainonthepillarsandalertengineersifthereareanysignsofinstability.

Otherstrategiesforimprovingpillarintegrityincludereinforcingthepillarswithsteel,grout,orconcrete;reducingthesizeoftheminingpanelstoavoidexcessivestressonthepillars;andincreasingtheventilationintheminetoreducetheriskofmethanegasexplosions.Regularinspectionsofthepillarscanalsohelpidentifyanyweakspotsbeforetheybecomeaproblem.

However,despitetheseefforts,thereisalwaysariskofpillarfailureinminingoperations.Itisthereforeimportantforminerstobewell-trainedinsafetyprocedures,suchashowtoquicklyevacuatethemineincaseofanemergency.Itisalsoimportantforminingcompaniestohaveemergencyresponseplansinplace,andtoregularlypracticedrillstoensurethatworkersarepreparedforanyeventuality.

Inadditiontothesafetybenefitsofmaintainingtheintegrityofcoal-rockpillars,thereisalsoaneconomicincentiveforminingcompaniestoprioritizethisaspectoftheiroperations.Intheshortterm,takingproactivemeasurestostrengthenpillarscanreducetheriskofproductiondowntimeandassociatedcosts.Inthelongterm,ensuringthesafetyofworkerscanhelpmaintainapositivereputationforthecompany,whichcanimproverelationshipswithstakeholdersandleadtoincreasedbusinessopportunities.