新西兰英文介绍

。NewZealandisanislandcountryinthesouth-westernPacificOceancomprisingtwomainlandmasses(theNorthIslandandtheSouthIsland)andnumeroussmaller islands, mostnotably StewartIsland andtheChathamIslands. Theindigenous Māori namefor NewZealandisAotearoa, commonlytranslated aslandofthelongwhite cloud. TheRealmofNewZealandalsoincludesTokelau;theCookIslandsandNiue(self-governingbutinfreeassociation);andtheRossDependency,NewZealand'sterritorialclaiminAntarctica.新西兰是由两个主要的自转（北岛和南岛）和许多较小的岛屿组成的西南太平洋岛屿国家最引人注目的是斯图尔特岛和查塔姆群岛。新西兰土著毛利人名称是教徒，通常译为长白云之乡。新西兰的领域还包括托克劳；库克群岛、纽埃(自由结盟的自治但）；和罗斯属地，新西兰的南极的领土主张。NewZealandisgeographicallyisolated,situatedabout2,000kilometres(1,200mi)southeastofAustraliaacrosstheTasmanSea.ItsclosestneighbourstothenortharethePacificislandsofNewCaledonia,FijiandTonga.Thecountry'ssharpmountainpeaksowemuchtotheearthquakesandvolcanicactivitycausedbytheclashingPacificandIndo-AustralianPlates.Theclimateismildandtemperateandmostofthelandwasoriginallycoveredinforestsofpodocarp,kauriorsouthernbeech.DuringitslongisolationNewZealanddevelopedadistinctivefaunadominatedbybirds,anumberofwhichbecameextinctafterthearrivalofhumansandintroducedmammals.新西兰是地理上的孤立，位于约2000公里（1,200mi)东南的澳大利亚跨塔斯曼海。其最接近的邻国向北太平洋岛屿新喀里多尼亚、斐济和汤加。该国的锋利的山峰，归功于地震和火山活动引起的矛盾冲突的太平洋和印度-澳大利亚板。气候是温和和温带和podocarp、贝壳或南部的山毛榉林原本覆盖着的大部分土地。在其长期隔绝，新西兰开发独特的动物以鸟类为主，其中若干绝种了人类抵达后和介绍哺乳动物。PolynesianssettledNewZealandin1250–1300ADandEuropeansfirstmadecontactin1642AD.In1840atreatywassignedbetweentheMāoriandBritish,makingNewZealandacolonyofBritain.Thecolonybecameselfgoverningin1852andwasmadeaCommonwealthrealmin1947.Duringliberalreformsinthe1890sNewZealandbecamethefirstcountrytoextendvotingrightstowomenandtodevelopasystemofcompulsoryarbitrationbetweenunionsandemployers.ElizabethII,astheQueenofNewZealand,isthecountry'sheadofstateandisrepresentedbyaGovernor-General.TheQueen'sroleislimitedandexecutivepoliticalpowerisexercisedbytheCabinet,ledbythePrimeMinister.NewZealandhasclosetieswithBritain,Australia,theUnitedStatesandseveralPacificIslandnations.原住民定居新西兰1250–1300AD和欧洲人第一次做的接触1642年广告。1840年毛利人和英国，使新西兰的英国殖民地之间签署了一项条约。香港成为自我规管在1852年和1947年了英联邦的境界。在1890年代自由化改革在新西兰成为了延长妇女的投票权，工会与雇主之间强制仲裁制度发展的第一个国家。作为新西兰女王伊丽莎白二世，是国家的国家元首，精选资料，欢迎下载。并由总督。女王的角色是有限和由内阁由总理行使行政的政治权力。新西兰有着密切的联系，与英国、澳大利亚、美国和几个太平洋岛国。NewZealandersenjoyedoneofthehigheststandardsoflivingintheworlduntilthestagflationofthe1970s.Thecountyunderwentmajoreconomicchangesduringthe1980s,transformingfromaprotectionisteconomytoaliberalisedfree-tradeeconomy.Theeconomyishighlydependentontrade,particularlyinagriculturalproducts.ThemajorityofNewZealand'spopulationisofEuropeandescent;theindigenousMāoriarethelargestminorityfollowedbyAsiansandnon-MāoriPolynesians.English,tereoMāoriandNewZealandSignLanguagearetheofficiallanguages,withEnglishthemostprevalent.MuchofNewZealand'scultureisderivedfromtheMāoriandearlyBritishsettlers,althoughrecentlyithasbeenbroadenedbyglobalisationandimmigrationfromthePacificIslandsandAsia.新西兰享有世界最高标准的生活之一直到20世纪70年代的滞涨。县经历了八十年代，从贸易保护主义的经济开放的自由贸易经济转型的重大经济变化。经济是高度依赖贸易，特别是在农业产品。新西兰人口的大多数是欧洲人后裔；其次是亚洲人和非毛利人原住民最大的少数民族土著毛利人。英语，选举事务处te毛利人和新西兰手语为官方语言，学英语最普遍的。新西兰的文化的大部分来源于毛利人和早期英国定居者，虽然最近它已扩大经济全球化和移民来自亚洲和太平洋岛屿。NewZealandIslandcountry,SouthPacificOcean.Area:104,454sqmi(270,534sqkm).Population(2005est.):4,096,000.Capital:Wellington.MostofthepeopleareofEuropeanorigin;aboutone-tenthareMaori,andsomearePacificIslandersandChinese.Languages:English,Maori(bothofficial).Religions:Christianity(Protestant,RomanCatholic);alsoBuddhism,Hinduism.Currency:NewZealanddollar.NewZealandconsistsoftheNorthIslandandtheSouthIsland,whichareseparatedbyCookStrait,andseveralsmallerislands.Bothmainislandsarebisectedbymountainranges.NewZealandhasadevelopingmarketeconomybasedlargelyonagriculture(dominatedbysheepraising),small-scaleindustries,andservices.Itisaconstitutionalmonarchywithonelegislativehouse;itschiefofstateistheBritishmonarchrepresentedbythegovernor-general,andtheheadofgovernmentistheprimeminister.Polynesianoccupationdatestoc.AD1000.FirstsightedbyDutchexplorerAbelJanszoonTasmanin1642,themainislandswerechartedbyCapt.JamesCookin1769.NamedaBritishcrowncolonyin1840,theareawasthesceneofwarfarebetweencolonistsandnativeMaorithroughthe1860s.ThecapitalwasmovedfromAucklandtoWellingtonin1865,andin1907thecolonybecametheDominionofNewZealand.ItadministeredWesternSamoafrom1919to1962andparticipatedinbothWorldWars.WhenBritainjoinedtheEuropeanEconomicCommunityintheearly1970s,itsinfluenceledNewZealandtoexpanditsexport精选资料，欢迎下载。marketsanddiversifyitseconomy.NewZealandalsobecamemoreindependentinitsforeignrelationsandtookastrongstandagainstnuclearproliferation.Theliteracyrateisnearly100%.TheculturalmilieuispredominantlyEuropean,althoughtherehasbeenarevivaloftraditional Maoriculture andart, andMaorisocial andeconomicactivismhavebeencentral topolitical developmentsinNewZealandsincethelate20thcentury.岛屿国家，南太平洋。面积：104454平方米（270534平方公里）。人口（2005年峻工） ：4,096,000 。首都：惠灵顿。大