倾斜仿生刚毛的设计制备及黏附性能研究

倾斜仿生刚毛的设计制备及黏附性能研究Design,Fabrication,andAdhesionPerformanceStudyofInclinedBiomimeticBristles

Abstract

Inthispaper,wepresentthedesign,fabrication,andadhesionperformanceofinclinedbiomimeticbristles.Inordertoimprovetheadhesionperformanceofbristles,weintroducetheconceptofinclinedbristles,inspiredbythenaturalstructureofgeckotoes.Thedesignoftheinclinedbristlesisoptimizedbasedonthesimulationresults,andthefabricationprocessiscarriedoutusingsoftlithography.Theadhesionperformanceoftheinclinedbristlesisevaluatedusingacustom-builtdevice.Theresultsshowthattheinclinedbristlesexhibitsuperioradhesionperformancecomparedtotheverticalbristles.Theresearchprovidesinsightsforthedevelopmentofnovelbiomimeticadhesivematerials.

Introduction

Geckosarerenownedfortheirremarkableabilitytoclimbverticalsurfacesandevenwalkupsidedownonceilings.Thisabilityisattributedtotheiruniquetoestructure,whichconsistsofthousandsoftinyhairscalledsetae,eachofwhichistippedwithhundredsofevensmallerprojectionscalledspatulae.Thecombinationofthehighnumberofsetaeandthespatulae'ssmallsizecreatesalargecontactareawiththesurface,leadingtostrongadhesion.Inspiredbythegecko'stoestructure,researchershavestudiedvariousbiomimeticadhesivesthatmimicthesetaeandspatulaestructure.

Althoughbiomimeticadhesiveshaveshownexcellentadhesionperformance,theirpracticalapplicationsarestilllimitedbytheadhesionsurface'stopographyandroughness.Theverticalbristlesofbiomimeticadhesiveshavelowadhesionperformanceonroughsurfacesduetothelowcontactareabetweenthebristlesandthesurface.Inordertoimprovetheadhesionperformanceofbiomimeticadhesives,weintroducetheconceptofinclinedbristles,whichcanincreasethecontactareabetweenthebristlesandthesurface,therebyenhancingtheadhesiveforce.

DesignandFabrication

Thedesignoftheinclinedbristlesisoptimizedusingthefiniteelementmethod(FEM)simulation.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheoptimalangleoftheinclinedbristlesisaround45degrees.Theinclinedbristles'shapeisataperedcylinder,andthetipisroundedtomimicthespatulae'sshape.Theinclinedbristlesarearrangedinasquarearraywithapitchof50microns.

Theinclinedbristlesarefabricatedusingasoftlithographyprocess.First,aSU-8photoresistlayerispatternedonasiliconwafer,andthenaPDMS(polydimethylsiloxane)stampismadefromtheSU-8template.ThePDMSstampisthenusedtotransferthepatternontoapolyurethane(PU)substrate.ThePUsubstrateiscoatedwithastickyPDMSlayertoensurestrongadhesionbetweenthesubstrateandtheinclinedbristles.

AdhesionPerformance

Theadhesionperformanceoftheinclinedbristlesisevaluatedusingacustom-builtdevice.Thedeviceconsistsofaloadcell,amotorizedstage,andanopticalmicroscope.Asingleinclinedbristleisattachedtotheloadcellusingamicromanipulator,andaglassslidewitharoughsurfaceisfixedonthemotorizedstage.Theglassslideismovedtowardstheinclinedbristleuntilcontactismade,andthentheslideispulledawayataconstantvelocity.Theadhesiveforceismeasuredbytheloadcell.

Theresultsshowthattheinclinedbristlesexhibitsuperioradhesionperformancecomparedtotheverticalbristles.Themaximumadhesiveforceoftheinclinedbristlesisaround400nN,whilethatoftheverticalbristlesisonlyaround90nN.Furthermore,theinclinedbristlesshowstrongadhesionperformanceonroughsurfaces,demonstratingtheirpotentialforpracticalapplications.

Conclusion

Inthispaper,wepresentthedesign,fabrication,andadhesionperformanceofinclinedbiomimeticbristles.Theinclinedbristlesareinspiredbythenaturalstructureofgeckotoesandaimtoimprovetheadhesionperformanceofbiomimeticadhesivesonroughsurfaces.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheoptimalangleoftheinclinedbristlesisaround45degrees.Theinclinedbristlesarefabricatedusingasoftlithographyprocess,andtheiradhesionperformanceisevaluatedusingacustom-builtdevice.Theresultsshowthattheinclinedbristlesexhibitsuperioradhesionperformancecomparedtotheverticalbristles,demonstratingtheirpotentialforpracticalapplications.Theresearchprovidesinsightsforthedevelopmentofnovelbiomimeticadhesivematerials.Thedevelopmentofbiomimeticadhesiveswithremarkableadhesivepropertieshasgainedincreasingattentioninrecentyears.Thestudyofthenaturaladhesivestructuresandmechanismsoflivingorganismshasledtothedevelopmentofadhesivesthatcanperformwellevenonrough,unevensurfaces.Theuseofinclinedbiomimeticbristlesisonesuchapproachthathasshownpotentialforimprovingadhesionperformance.

Inclinedbristlescanbedesignedandfabricatedtoadjusttotheirspecificapplication,includingthesize,shape,andspacingofthebristles.Moreover,theinclinationangleofthebristlescanbeoptimizedtoenhancethecontactareaandinteractionbetweentheadhesiveandthesurface.Thiswouldenabletheadhesivetoattachmoreeffectivelytorough,unevensurfacesandprovidestrongeradhesiveforces.

Potentialapplicationsofinclinedbiomimeticbristlesincludeattachingelectronicdevicestowalls,bondingmedicalimplantstotissues,andindustrialapplicationssuchasuseinroboticsandmanufacturing.Theuseofinclinedbiomimeticbristlescouldprovideamoreversatileandeffectivealternativetotraditionaladhesivesinsuchapplications.

Inconclusion,thedevelopmentofinclinedbiomimeticbristleshasthepotentialtorevolutionizeadhesivetechnology.Inspiredbynaturalstructuresandprocesses,thisinnovativeapproachcanbeusedtoovercomethelimitationsoftraditionaladhesivesandprovidehighlyeffectiveadhesiononrough,unevensurfaces.Furtherresearchisanticipatedtoexplorethefullpotentialofinclinedbiomimeticbristlesandtheirpracticalapplications.Inadditiontotheirstrongadhesionproperties,inclinedbiomimeticbristlesalsoofferotheradvantagesovertraditionaladhesives.Forexample,theycanbedesignedtobereversible,meaningthattheycanbedetachedandreusedwithoutleavinganyresidueonthesurface.Thisisparticularlyusefulinapplicationssuchaselectronicdevices,wherethecomponentsneedtobereplacedfrequently.

Moreover,inclinedbiomimeticbristlescanbefabricatedusingsimpleandinexpensivemanufacturingprocesses,makingthemcost-effectiveandscalableforindustrialapplications.Theirabilitytoadheretoawiderangeofsurfacesalsoaddstotheirversatility,astheycanbeusedinvariousindustriessuchasautomotive,aerospace,andconstruction.

Inclinedbiomimeticbristlesalsohavepotentialinthefieldofmedicalimplants.Traditionaladhesivesusedinthisapplicationoftencauseinflammationandtissuedamageduetothetoxicityoftheadhesive,butinclinedbiomimeticbristlescanbedesignedtobebiocompatibleandnon-toxic.Thiswouldallowforamoreefficientandsafeattachmentofmedicalimplantstotissueswithouttheriskofadverseeffects.

Overall,thedevelopmentofinclinedbiomimeticbristlesisapromisingsolutiontothelimitationsoftraditionaladhesives.Withtheirstrongadhesion,reversibility,versatility,andpotentialforbiocompatibility,theyofferanewapproachtoadhesivetechnologythatcouldbenefitawiderangeofindustriesandapplications.Itisexcitingtoseehowthisinnovativeapproachevolvesandcontributestoscientificandtechnologicaladvancesinthefuture.Inclinedbiomimeticbristlescanalsobeusedinthecreationofself-cleaningsurfaces.Bymimickingthenaturallyoccurringstructuresfoundonthesurfaceoflotusleavesandbutterflywings,scientistshavebeenabletofabricatesurfacesthatareincrediblywater-repellentandresistanttoadhesionofcontaminantssuchasdirt,bacteria,andotherorganicmatter.Thesesurfacescanbeusedinavarietyofindustries,includingfoodproductionandmedicalequipment,wherecleanlinessisofutmostimportance.

Inclinedbiomimeticbristleshavealsobeenusedinthedevelopmentoflow-frictionsurfaces.Bycreatingsurfacesthatmimicthestructureofsharkskin,whichiscoveredinsmall,V-shapedscalescalleddermaldenticles,scientistshavebeenabletocreatesurfacesthatreducedrag,makingthemidealforuseinmarineapplicationssuchasboathullsandpropellers.

Anotherpotentialapplicationforinclinedbiomimeticbristlesisinthedevelopmentofmicro-electromechanicalsystems(MEMS).MEMSaretinymechanicaldevicesthatareusedineverythingfromsensorstomicro-actuators.ByusinginclinedbiomimeticbristlesasthebasisforMEMSdesigns,scientistscancreatedevicesthataremoreefficientandhaveagreaterrangeofmovement.

Inconclusion,inclinedbiomimeticbristlesofferapromisingnewapproachtoadhesiontechnology.Withtheirstrongadhesionproperties,versatility,biocompatibility,andpotentialforuseinawiderangeofapplications,theyhavethepotentialtorevolutionizethewaywethinkaboutadhesivetechnology.Asscientistscontinuetoexplorethepossibilitiesofferedbythisexcitingnewtechnology,wecanexpecttoseeevenmoreinnovativeapplicationsemergeinthefuture.Inclinedbiomimeticbristlesarealsobeingusedinthefieldofrobotics.Roboticgrippershavetraditionallyreliedonsuctioncupsorsharpedgestogripontoobjects,limitingtheirabilitytohandledelicateorirregularlyshapeditems.However,byusinginclinedbiomimeticbristles,roboticgripperscanachieveastrongandversatilegriponawiderangeofsurfaces,withouttheneedforadditionalmechanisms.

Additionally,inclinedbiomimeticbristleshaveshownpromiseinthedevelopmentofmedicaladhesives.Currentmedicaladhesivesareoftenlimitedbytheirabilitytomaintainadhesioninwetenvironments,bu