2015年职称外语考试模拟试题和答案-长沙同成教育

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2015年职称外语考试模拟试题和答案—长沙同成教育第1局部词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线局部确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Thiswasdisasteroncosmicscale.

A.modestB.commercialC.hugeD.national

2.Newsecretariescameandwentwithmonotonousregularity.

A.amazingB.depressingC.predictableD.dull

3.Aperson’swealthisoftenininverseproportiontotheirhappiness.

A.equalB.certainC.largeD.opposite

4.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.

A.startedB.changedC.lastedD.moved

5.Thesymptomsofthediseasemanifestedthemselvestendayslater.

A.easedB.improvedC.relievedD.appeared

6.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.

A.limitB.supportC.regulateD.oppose

7.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.

A.actB.homeworkC.justiceD.model

8.Someofthelargerbirdscanremainstationaryintheairforseveralminutes.

A.motionlessB.silentC.seatedD.true

9.Therewasaninclinationtotreatgeographyasalessimportantsubject.

A.pointB.resultC.findingD.tendency

10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.

A.sincereB.respectfulC.emptyD.terrible

11.Thecommitteewasaskedtorenderareportonthehousingsituation.

A.copyB.publishC.summarizeD.furnish

12.Thatuniformmakestheguardslookabsurd.

A.seriousB.beautifulC.impressiveD.ridiculous

13.Thedepartmentdeferredthedecisionforsixmonths.

A.putoffB.arrivedatC.abidedbyD.protestedagainst

14.Theoriginalexperimentcannotbeexactlyduplicated.

A.inventedB.reproducedC.designedD.reported

15.Thecountrywastornapartbystrife.

A.conflictB.povertyC.warD.economy

答案：CDDCDBAADCDDABA

第2局部阅读判断

下面的短文列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提到的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的信息是错误的，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

ExperiencetheWorldin3DGame

Everwonderedhowyourcatordogseestheworld?Nowyoucanlookthroughtheireyeswiththefirst3Dgamethatrecreatesthevisionofdifferentspeciesbasedonscientificevidence.

Theonlinesimulation,createdbytheFrench3DdesigncompanyDassaultSystè

mes,withtheguidanceofveterinaryophthalmologist(眼科专家)DidierSchmidt-Morand,mimics(模仿)thevisionoffiveanimals–catsdogs,rats,hawksandbees–asaplayersteersthemthroughPlaceVend?einParis.

Duetodifferencesinfieldofview,colourperceptionandnightvision,forexample,sightcanbedrasticallydifferentfromspeciestospecies."Intermsofperformance,eyesareasvariableasdifferentmodelsofcars,"saysSchmidt-Morand.

Thegamewascreatedbyusingexistingvirtualmodelsofthesquarethenapplyingeffectsbasedondescriptionsofeachanimal'svision.Dassault's3Dsoftwareallowsascenetobemodifiedbyaddingblurorchangingthecolours,angleofvisionanddepthoffield.

Althoughitwaseasytorecreatevisioninferiortothatofhumans–catsanddogs,forexample,havetroubledistinguishingshadesofred–replicatingfeaturesthatweareunabletoseewasachallenge.Hawkshavemoredetailedvisionthanours,whereasdogsarebetteratseeingmovementandhaveawiderfieldofview."Weusedvirtualcamerastopreciselysimulatelargerviewinganglesbuttheresultmadepeoplenauseous(令人作呕的),"saysSchmidt-Morand."Sowetweaked(微调)themodeltogiveasenseofthewiderviewwithoutstickingtoreality."

Therat'sviewalsodepartsfromreality:becausetheyarenear-sighted,everythingmorethan15centimetresawayisablur,sotheytypicallymoveclosetowallstohelpthemnavigate."Aratwouldneverthrowitselfintothemiddleofanopenarea,"saysSchmidt-Morand.Thesimulationforthisanimalissupplementedwithamapinthetoprightcornertohelpdeterminetherat'sposition:becauseoftheir

limitedeyesight,mostlandmarksareobscured.

Thegameisintendedasaneducationalresourceandplayerscandiscusstheirexperiencewithothersthroughcommunityfeaturesonthewebsite.Ifthereisinterestfromschoolsandzoos,theteamhopestorecreatethevisionofmoreanimals.

16.ThegamedevelopedbyDassaultSystemesisthefirst3Dgamerecreatingthevisionofdifferentspecies.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.Dassault’s3Dsoftwaretakesdifferentperspectiveslikecolorperceptionandangleofvisionintoaccount.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.Theanimals’viewsinthesoftwarearethesameasthoseinreality.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.Dogshavelargerviewinganglesthanhumans.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20.Ittakestheteamthelongesttimetorecreatetherat’sviewbecausethey’renear-sighted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.Theteamisworkingonrecreatingthevisionofmoreanimals.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.Schmidt-Morand’sfavoriteanimaliscat.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案：AABACBC

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第3局部概括大意与完成句子

ClimateChange：TheLongReach

1EarthiswarmingSealevelsarerising.There'smorecarbonintheairandAricticiceismeltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmenttobettergauge〔评估〕Earth'sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylongtime.

2Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide，acolorlessgas.Intheair，thisgastrapsheatatEarth'ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxidereleased，themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn'tslow，thelong-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears—andbemoreseverethanscientistshadbeenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthisconclusioninanewpaper.

3Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat'sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso.Duringthattime，changesintheplanet'senvironmentcouldnudge〔推动〕globalwarmingevenhigher.Forexample：Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt，sunlightcannowreach—andwarm—theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheairtemperatureevenmore，causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggerationofimpactsiscalledafastfeedback.

4Zeebesaysit'simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.Howeverheadds，they'relimited.Fromaclimatechangeperspectiv，e“Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenextfewgenerations，〞hetoldScienceNwes.“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100.〞Forhisnewstudy，Zeebenowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks.〞Whilefast

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feedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesorcenturies，slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Melthingofcontinetalicesheetsandmigrationofplantlife—astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas—aretwoexamplesofslowfeedbacks.

C—fora6°totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatslowfeedbackseventswillcauseglobalwarmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafterpeoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.

23.Paragraph2___B________

24.Paragraph3______C_____

25.Paragraph4_____D______

26.Paragraph5____F_______

A.Risingofsealevels

B.Impactofburningfossilfuels

C.Fastfeedbacks

D.Slowfeedbacks

E.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses

F.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange

27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin___D________.

28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach____A_______.

29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing_____E______.

30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor_____B______.

A.theexposedground

B.averylongtime

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C.theextraheat

D.recordedhistory

E.previouslypublishedstudies

F.rapidexaggerationofimpacts

第4局部阅读理解

第一篇TheNorthernLights

Thesunisstormyandhasitownkindofweather.ItissohotandactivethateventheSun’sgravitycannotholditsatmosphereincheck!EnergyflowsawayfromtheSuntowardtheEarthinastreamofelectrifiedparticlesthatmoveatspeedsaroundamillionmilesperhour.Theseparticlesarecalledplasma,andthestreamofplasmacomingfromtheSuniscalledthesolarwind.ThemoreactivetheSun,thestrongerthesolarwind.

ThesolarwindconstantlystreamstowardtheEarth,butdon’tworrybecauseaprotectivemagneticfieldssurroundsourplanet.ThesamemagneticfieldthatmakesyourcompasspointnorthalsosteerstheparticlesfromtheSuntothenorthandsouthpoles.ThechargedparticlesbecometrappedinmagneticbeltsaroundtheEarth.WhenalargeblastofsolarwindcrashesintotheEarth’smagneticfieldfirstgetssqueezedandthenthemagneticfieldlinesbreakandreconnect.

ThebreakingandreconnectingofthemagneticfieldlinescancauseatomicparticlescalledelectronstrappedinthebeltstofallintotheEarth’satmosphereatthepoles.AstheelectronsfallintotheEarth,theycollidewithgasmoleculesintheatmosphere,creatingflashesoflightinthesky.

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Eachatmosphericgasglowsadifferentcolor.Oxygenandnitrogenglowsredandgreenandnitrogenglowsviolet-purple.Asthesevariouscolorsglowanddanceinthenightsky,theycreatetheNorthernLightsandtheSouthernLights.

Watchingauroras(北极光)isfunandexciting,butnormallyyoucanonlyseetheminplacesfarnorthlikeAlaskaandCanada.Themovementoftheauroraacrosstheskyisusuallyslowenoughtoeasilyfollowwithyoureyesbuttheycanalsopulsate(跳动),flicker(闪烁),orevenmovelikewaves.Duringsolarmaximum,5aurorasareseenasfarsouthasFlorida,evenMexico!Aurorasoftenseemtobeveryclosetotheground,butthelowestauroraisstillabout100kilometersabovetheground,adistancemuchhigherthancloudsareformedorairplanescanfly.Atypicalaurorabandcanbethousandsofkilometerslong,afewhundredkilometershigh,butonlyafewhundredmetersthick.

Wehopeyouareabletotraveltofar-northplacesliketheArcticCircleandseetheNorthernLightsatleastonceduringyourlifetime.Weknowyouwillneverforgetit!

31.Thesolarwindcomesintobeingasaresultof______

A.disappearanceoftheSun’sgravity.

B.unpredictableweatheroftheSun.

C.fastflowofenergyawayfromtheSun.

D.astreamofparticlesbeingblownaway.

32.WhathappenswhensolarwindcomestotheEarth?

A.Aprotectivemagneticfieldisformedatthesametime.

B.ItistrappedinmagneticbeltsaroundtheEarth.

C.ItdestroystheprotectivemagneticfieldsurroundingtheEarth.

D.Itbreaksmagneticfieldlinesanddoesseveredamagetothe?

33.TheNorthernLightsarecreatedwhen______

A.atomicparticlesfalltotheEarthandcollidewithatmosphericgases.

B.themagneticfieldlinesfailtoreconnect.

C.theelectronsfallingtotheEarthshineindifferentcolors.

D.oxygenandnitrogenareseparatedfromtheatmosphericgases.

34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheNorthernLights?

A.Theirmovementisslowenoughtobeobservedwiththeeyes.

B.PeoplecannotseethemunlesstravelingtoAlaskaorCanada

C.Theyareveryclosetotheground.

D.Theyareverylongandthick.

35.Whatistheauthor’stonetowardtheNorthernLights?

A.Indifferent

B.Sarcastic

C.Sharp

D.Appreciative

答案：CBAAD

第二篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance

Boredofusingamouse?Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet(平板电脑)–

withnothingmorethanaglance.

AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.

"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentthatwewanttoacquire,"saysJaysonTurner,whodevelopedthesystemwithcolleaguesatLancasterUniversity,UK.

TurnerbelievesEyeDropwouldbeusefultotransferaninteractivemaporcontactinformationfromapublicdisplaytoyoursmartphoneorforsharingphotos.

Abuttonneedstobeusedtoselecttheobjectyouarelookingatotherwiseyouendupwiththe"Midastouch"(点石成金)effect,wherebyeverythingyoulookatgetsselectedbyyourgaze,saysTurner."Imagineifyourmouseclickedoneverythingitpointedat,"hesays.

ChristianHolz,aresearcherinhuman-computerinteractionatYahooLabsinSunnyvale,California,saysthesystemisanicetakeongettingroundthisfundamentalproblemofusinggaze-trackingtointeract."EyeDropsolvesthisinaslick(灵巧的)waybycombiningitwithinputonthetouchdeviceswecarrywithusmostofthetimeanywayandusingtouchinputasaclutchingmechanism,"hesays."Thisnowallowsuserstoseamlessly(无缝地)interactacrossdevicesfarandcloseinaverynaturalmanner."

Whilecurrenteye-trackersareratherbulky,mainstreamconsumerdevicesarenottoofaraway.SwedishfirmTobiiisdevelopinggaze-trackingtechnologythatcanbeinstalledinlaptopsandtabletsandisexpectedtobeavailabletobuynextyear.AndtheGoogleGlassheadsetisexpectedtoincludeeye-trackinginthefuture.

Turnersayshehasalsolookedathowcontentcanbecutandpastedordrag-and-droppedusingamixofgazeandtapsonatouchscreen.ThesystemwaspresentedattheConferenceonMobileandUbiquitousMultimediainSweden,lastweek.

36.Theeye-trackertechnologyenablesusto______

A.changeourcomputerscreen.

B.focusonanythingthatinterestsus.

C.getasmartphoneconnectedwirelessly.

D.moveanobjectfromscreenwithaglance.

37.Whyisabuttonneeded?

A.TominimizethecostofEyeDrop.

B.Tochooseasmanyobjectsaspossible.

C.TomakeEyeDropdifferentfromothers.

D.Toselectwhatwewant.

38.Theword“this〞inParagraph6refersto_______

A.applicationofgaze-trackinginhuman-computerinteraction.

B.interactionbetweenhumanandcomputer.

C.combinationofgaze-trackingwithinputontouchdevices.

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D.generalizationofEyeDropsystem.

39.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueofeye-trackersforconsumerdevices.

A.Theyarecostly.

B.Theyareavailable.

C.TheyareinstalledinGoogleGlassheadset.

D.Theyareexpectedtocomeoutsoon.

40.WhatisTurnerlikelytostudynext?

A.Howtodraganddropwithgazeandtaps.

B.Howtopresentthesysteminpublic.

C.Howtogettouchscreeninvolved.

D.Howtocutandpastecontentfromapublicdisplay.

答案：DDCDC

第三篇ANewStrategytoOvercomeBreastCancer

Post-menopausal(绝经后)womenwhowalkforanhouradaycancuttheirchanceofbreastcancersignificantly,astudyhassuggested.Thereport,whichfollowed73,000womenfor17years,foundwalkingforatleastsevenhoursaweekloweredtheriskofthedisease.TheAmericanCancerSocietyteamsaidthiswasthefirsttimereducedriskwasspecificallylinkedtowalking.UKexpertssaiditwasmoreevidencethatlifestyleinfluencedcancerrisk.

ArecentpollforthecharityRamblersaquarterofadultswalkfornomorethananhouraweek,butbeingactiveisknowntoreducetheriskofanumberofcancers.Thisstudy,publishedinCancerEpidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed

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73.615womenoutof97,785aged50-74whohadbeenrecruitedbytheAmericanCancerSocietybetween1992and1993,soitcouldmonitortheincidenceofcancerinthegroup.

Theywereaskedtocompletequestionnairesontheirhealthandonhowmuchtimetheywereactiveandparticipatinginactivitiessuchaswalking,swimmingandaerobics(有氧运动)andhowmuchtimetheyspentsittingwatchingtelevisionorreading.Theycompletedthesamequestionnairesattwo-yearintervalsbetween1997and2009.Ofthewomen,47%saidwalkingwastheironlyrecreationalacivity.Thosewhowalkedforatleastsevenhoursperweekhada14%lowerriskofbreastcancercomparedtothosewhowalkedthreeorfewerhoursperweek.

Dr.AlpaPatel,aseniorepidemiologistattheAmericanCancerSocietyinAtlanta,Georgia,wholedthestudy,said:〞Giventhatmorethan60%ofwomenreportsomedailywalking,promotingwalkingasahealthyleisure-timeactivitycouldbeaneffectivestrategyforincreasingphysicalactivityamongstpost-menopausalwomen.Wewerepleasedtofindthatwithoutanyotherrecreationalactivity,justwalkingonehouradaywasassociatedwithalowerriskofbreastcancerinthesewomen.〞〞Morestrenuous(紧张的)andlongeractivitiesloweredtheriskevenmore.〞

BaronessDelythMorgan,chiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaign,said:〞Thisstudyaddsfurtherevidencethatourlifestylechoicescanplayapartininfluencingtheriskofbreastcancerandevensmallchangesincorporateintoournormalday-to-dayactivitycanmakeadifference.〞

Sheadded:〞Weknowthatthebestweapontoovercomingbreastcanceristhe

abilitytostopitoccurringinthefirstplace.Thechallengenowishowweturnthesefindingsintoactionandidentifyothersustainablelifestylechangesthatwillhelpuspreventbreastcancer.〞

41.AllofthefollowingfactorsrelatingtocancerriskwerementionedinthepassageEXCEPT________

A.breathingexercise

B.regularwalking

C.recreationalactivity

D.lifestylechoices

42.ItcanbeinferredfromDr.AlpaPatel’sstudythat____.

A.womenhavefewerchancesofphysicalactivity

B.dailywalkingcouldcutthechanceofbreastcancer

C.leisure-timeactivityisnotassociatedwithcancerrisk

D.walkingisnotrecommendedforwomenwithbreastcancer

43.Dr.AlpaPatelwas_____.

A.headofthesurveystudy

B.chiefeditorofCancerEpidemiology

C.chairoftheAmericanCancerSociety

D.chiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaign

44.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Mostwomentakewalkingastheironlyrecreationalactivity.

B.Thestudyaimstotrackthehealthconditionsofitssubjects.

C.Walkingwastheonlyrecreationalacitivityforabouthalfofthewomen

D.Irregularwalkingincreasedtheriskofbreastcancerinpost-menopausalwomen

45.Theword“sustainable〞inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto

A.continuable

B.affordable

C.available

D.persistent

答案：ABAAA

第5局部补全短文

WronglyConvictedManandHisAccuserTellTheirStory

’sPresshasannouncedthereleaseofthepaperbackeditionofPickingCotton,aremarkabletruestoryofwhatnovelistJohnGrishamcallsan“accountofviolence,rage,redemption(救赎)，and,ultimatelyforgiveness.〞

Thestorybeganin1987,inBurlington,NorthCarolina,withtherapeofayoungwhilecollegestudentnamedJenniferThompson.Duringherordeal,Thompsonsworetoherselfthatshewouldneverforgetthefaceofherrapist,amanwhoclimbedthroughthewindowofherapartmentandassaultedherbrutally.____F____(46)Whenthepoliceaskedherifshecouldidentifytheassilant(袭击者)fromabookofmugshots,shepickedonethatshewassurewascorrect,andlatersheidentifiedthesamemaninalineup.

Basedonherconvincingeyewithnesstestimony,a22-year-oldblackmannamed

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RonaldCottonwassentencedtoprisonfortwolifeterms.Cotton’slawyerappealedthedecision,andbythetimeoftheappealshearing,evidencehadcometolightsuggestingthattherealrapistmighthavebeenamanwholookedverylikeCotton,animprisonedcriminalnamedBobbyPoole.__B____(47)JenniferThompsonlookedatbothmenfacetoface,andonceagainsaidthatRonaldCottonwastheonewhorapedher.

Elevenyearslater,DNAevidencecompletelyexonerated(证明?.清白)Cottonandjustasunequivocally(明确地)convictedPoole,whoconfessedtothecrime._____E___(48)“ThemanIwassosureIhadneverseeninmylifewasthemanwhowasinchesfrommythroat,whorapedme,whohurtme,whotookmyspiritaway,whorobbedmeofmysoul,〞shewrote.“AndthemanIhadidentifiedsosurelyonsomanyoccasionswasabsolutelyinnocent〞.

____C___(49)Remarkablybothwereabletoputthistragedybehindthem,overcometheracialbarrierthatdividedthem,andwriteabook,whichtheyhavesubtitled“Ourmemoirofinjusticeandredemption.〞

Nevertheless,Thompsonsays,shestilllives“withconstantpainthatmyprofoundmistakecosthimsodearly__A____(50)〞

A.JenniferThompsondecidedtomeetCottonandapologizetohimpersonally.

B.Manycriminalsaresenttoprisononthebasisofaccuratetestimonybyeyewithnesses.

C.Icannotbegintoimaginewhatwouldhavehappenedhadmymistakenidentificationoccurredinacapitalcase

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D.Anothertrialwasheld.

E.Thompsonwasshockedanddevastated.

F.Duringtheattack,shemadeanefforttomemorizeeveerydetailofhisface,

lookingforscars,tattoos(纹身)，orotheridentifyingmarks.

答案：FBECA

第6局部：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最正确选项。

MusicalTrainingCanImproveCommunicationSkills

AmericanscientistssaymusicaltrainingseemstoimprovecommunicationskillsandLanguageretardation(延迟).Theyfoundthatdevelopingmusicalskillinvolvesthe_________(51)processinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak.Thescientistsbelievethatcould_________(52)childrenwithlearningdisabilities.

NinaKraussisaneurobiologistatNorthwesternUniversityinlllinois.ShesaysMusical