英语语法期末作业市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

虚拟语调第1页第1页语调种类陈说语调：表示动作或状态是现实，拟定或符合事实，用于陈说句，疑问句和一些感慨句。Wearenotready.Diditrainalldayyesterday?Howafinedayitis!祈使语调：表说话人提议，请求，邀请，命令等。Becarefully!Don'tforgettoclosethewindow!Openthedoor,please?虚拟语调：表动作或状态不是客观存在事实，而是说话人主观愿望，假设或推测等。IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglish.Iwishyouchouldgowithme.Mayyousucceed!1第2页第2页一.虚拟语调在条件句中使用办法条件句有两类，真实条件句和虚拟条件句真实条件句：假设情况有也许发生，谓语用陈说语调。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.

虚拟条件句：假设过去现在都不存在，或者未来不大可能发生情况Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouabouthomework.

第3页第3页

在含有虚拟条件句复合句中，主语和从句谓语中都要用虚拟语调。

虚拟语调从句和主句动词形式列表下列

动词形式从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式（be过去式普通用were）wouldshould+动词原形couldmight与过去事实相反had+过去分词wouldshould+have+过去分词chouldmight与未来事实也许相反动词过去式should+动词原形wereto+动词原形wouldshould+动词原形chouldmight第4页第4页表示与现在事实相反假设和结果IfIwereyou,Ishould/would/chould/mighttellhimthetruthIfhehadtime,heshould/would/chould/mightgowithyou.Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.第5页第5页2.与过去事实相反假设或结果Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn't/shouldn't/couldn't/mighthavefailedintheexam.IfIhadhadthemoneylastweek,Ishould/would/chould/mighthaveboughtacar.Ifshehadwonthegame,shewould/chould/mighthavetelephonedyouimmediately.第6页第6页3.表示与未来事实相反结果或假设Ifitweresaturdaytomorrow,IwouldgototheJingsanRoadtoshop.Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnottogoout.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswould/chould/mightbesaved.第7页第7页4.主从句动作发生时间不一致情况有时候条件从句中动作与主语从句中动作发生时间，这时候动词形式要依据它所表示时间加以调整Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctors',youwouldbeallrightnow.IfyouhadpractisedspeakingEnglishmore,youwouldbeabletospeakitfluently.第8页第8页二.虚拟语调在主语从句中使用办法在“It'simportant/strange/natural/necessarythat…"这类句型中，that一道主语从句中谓语动词惯用”should+动词原形“结构，表示”主要“”奇怪“”自然“”必要“等意义Itisimportantthateverymember(should)informhimselfofthisrules.Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.Itisverystrangethatshe(should)haveleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.第9页第9页三.虚拟语调在宾语从句中使用办法1.在动词wish后宾语从句表示与现在或过去事实相反，或对未来主观愿望，从句中通常省略连词that.(1)对现在情况虚拟，从句动词用过去式或过去进行时（be动词普通用were）IwishIknewtheanswertothequstion.HowIwishIwereabird.第10页第10页（2)对过去情况虚拟：从句动词惯用“had+过去分词”Iwishhadn'tspentsomuchmoney.Hewishhehadnotlostthechances.（3)对未来主观愿望：从句动词形式用“would+动词原形”Iwishitwouldstopraining.Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.第11页第11页2.在提议（advise/recommend/suggest/propose）要求(demand/command/require/insist)命令（order）等动词宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Idemandthatthework(should)bedoneimmediately.Thestudentsinsistedthatthey(should)havemoreEnglishclasses.第12页第12页四.虚拟语调在状语从句中使用办法1.在evenif/though引导让步状语从句主从复合句中：主句和从句都有虚拟语调，动词形式含有虚拟条件句虚拟语调相同Evenif

Lintaowerehere,Ishouldsaythesamething.Eventhoughhehadbeenill,hewouldhavegonetohisoffice.第13页第13页2,由asif或asthough引导方式或比较状语从句时，从句谓语动词为过去式（be用were）或“had+过去分词”HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownchild.Shetalkedaboutthemovieasifshehadreallyseenit.第14页第14页3.在inorderthat或sothat引导目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用“chould/might(有时也用should)+动词原形”→MrGreenspokenslowlysothathisstudentcould/mighthearclearly.→Theyareclimbinghigherinorderthattheychould/mightgetabetterview.注：在incase,forfear(that),lest等引导从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，incase引导从句还惯用陈说语调，forfearthat引导从句谓语动词还能够用情态动词maymight或would→Shetookherraincoatwithherincase/forfearthat/lestshe(should)becaughtintherain.→RemindmeofitincaseI(should)forget.第15页第15页五.虚拟语调在定语从句中使用办法在“Itistime(that)...”句型中，从句谓语动词惯用虚拟语调表示未来，动词形式用过去式或“should+动词原形”，意思是该做什么时候了Itiswewenttobed.It's(high)timewedidourhomework.第16页第16页六.虚拟语调在简朴句中使用办法1.情态动词过去式用于现在时态表示说话人谦虚，客气，有礼貌或委婉语调，惯用于日常会话中→Itwouldbebetterforyouifyounottostayuptoolate.→Wouldyoukindenoughtoopenthedoor.2.在一些习惯表示中→You'dbettergonow.→Iwouldrathernottellyou.3.用“May+动词原形”表示“祝愿”，“希望”，may置于句首Mayyoubehappy!Maygoodluckbeyours!第17页第17页七.虚拟语调能够转换形式1.省略if连词，假如虚拟语调中有were,should或had,能够省略if,把这几种词放在主语前，构成主谓倒装Ifheshouldcome,tellhimtoringmeup.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdoit.Ifhehadmorecareful,suchmistakeschouldhavebeenavoided.第18页第18页!在虚拟条件句中，省略连词倒装形式，其句首不能用动词缩略式Ifitweren'tfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.→Weren'titfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.(×)→Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.第19页第19页2.用介词短语来代替条件状语从句，有时假设情况并不用条件从句来表示，而通过介词短语Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.=?Butforyou,Ichouldn'thavedoit.=?*假设情况有时通过上下文看得出来Iwasbusythatday,otherwise,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.Iwouldha