2020北京平谷高三英语一模试题加答案精校版

2020北京平谷区高三一模英语 2020.3考生须知.本试卷共12页，包括三部分,满分120分。考试时间100分钟。.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和考号。.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThisyear,theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent1 (city),andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight.Whentheteamstruggled,CaptainZhuTingwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneeded2(carry)theteamforward.That,swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon(偶像),justlike“IronHammer”Lang.Nevergivingup,especiallyinadifficultsituation,that,s3 thespiritofChinesewomen,svolleyballmeans.BTherailwayline4 (connect)BeijingandZhangjiakou,theco-hostcityoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,istheworldDsfirstintelligent,high-speedrailway.It5 (go)intooperationonDec30,2019.Therailwayis174kmlong,withamaximumdesignspeedof350kph.ItreducesthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandZhangjiakoufromoverthreehoursto47minutes.Thetrainisdesignedwithanareatostoresnowboards,adevicetosecurewheelchairsandamobilenewscenter6passengerscanwatchliveOlympicbroadcasts.CThe“Twenty-fourSolarterms”istheChinese 7(tradition)wayofdividingandmarkingtime.Itshowstherelationshipbetweentheuniverse,seasons,climateandagriculture,whichisuniquelycreated8Chineseancestors.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsareimportantinstructionsfortheagriculturalproductionaswellaspeoplesdailylives.Attheinitialstageofagriculturaldevelopment,peoplebegantoexplorerulesofnatureandused9 (they)toguidesowing,harvestingandotheragriculturalactivities.Untilnow,it10 (become)anessentialtooltoguidetheagriculturalproductioninChina.Anditscharmandvaluehavebeenincreasinglyrecognizedbythepublic.第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。NeverSayQuitInmytwenty-fiveyearsofcoaching,Iencounteredmanyextraordinaryathletes.Yettheathletewhomadethegreatestimpressiononmewasn,toneofthosepromisingyoungmen,butBobbyColson.1/10Earlyintheseason,Bobby,wholookedheavybutstrong,11meintheschoolhallway.Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteamandbelievedhecouldmakeanimportant12 .1wasdeeply13byhispresentationandself-confidence.Givenhisphysique,thelogicalroleforBobbywasthatofa“weightman”.Sohedidhisbestintryingdiscus在铁饼），shotpot…，onlytofindouttheseeventswerenot14forhimatall.SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.IadmiredBobby’s15 ,buttomyself,Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.YetBobbywas16andforthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut17struggledthroughhisworkouts.Threemonthslater,thetwo-mileracewaswellunderway.Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,Bobby18hadthreelapstogo.AsBobbycompletedhislasttwoofhis19laps,severalboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand20athimtogetoffthetrack.Bobbywascryingnoticeablybutkeptgoing.Atthismoment,ourteammembersnoticedandwentto21Bobbyon.Onthelastlap,allourathletesstooduptocheerBobbyon.Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup22thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears23downhisface.Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.Hewentfromeventtoevent24histeammates.Whenoneofourathletestookafirstplace,Bobbywasevenmoreexcitedthanthewinner.Everyteammate25himverymuchandfeltluckytohavehimintheteam.Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.Hehadjoinedagoodteamandmadeitintoagreat26 .Sincethen,I,veseenmanytopathletes27thetrackwhentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce_28leavingthattwo-milerace.Oncehe29 ,quittingwasnotanoption.HisexamplehelpedusalltounderstandthattalentisGodgiven,andthosewhohaveitshouldbethankful,butthespiritof30isself-given,andweshouldvalueit.11.A.wavedB.informedC.limitedD.stopped12.A.appearanceB.promiseC.contributionD.influence13.A.impressedB.frightenedC.puzzledD.embarrassed14.A.satisfactoryB.challengingC.suitableD.attractive15.A.enthusiasmB.generosityC.achievementD.cooperation16.A.worriedB.confusedC.determinedD.hesitated17.A.cautiouslyB.proudlyC.secretlyD.diligently18.A.stillB.alreadyC.everD.rather19.A.spareB.remainingC.extra D.additional20.A.cryingB.throwingC.shoutingD.criticizing21.A.pullB.assist C.drive D.urge22.A.overB.aroundC.withD.beyond23.A.rolledB.pavedC.coveredD.measured24.A.convincingB.appreciatingC.competingD.encouraging25.A.enviedB.loved C.respected D.believed26.A.familyB.organizationC.institutionD.system27.A.checkoutB.giveoffC.walkoffD.carryout28.A.supposedB.consideredC.imaginedD.concerned29.A.provedB.realizedC.discoveredD.started30.A.braveryB.unityC.perseveranceD.devotion2/10第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThreeModernServicesWhenyou,reworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,yodllfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkouttheselowcarbmealdeliveryoptions.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon,thavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbecomeeasierandyou,llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhavetotakecareofthemaintenance（维修）.Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.Yodregivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou-simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhethertheshoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyodllseeyourstresslevelsdrop.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?Tocheckoutsomeoptions.Topopyourmealintheoven.Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshaveincommon?3/10

Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.AlltheModernServicesaretop-level.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.YoungpeopleshowtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Anovel. D.Aguidebook.BLastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasbalding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikedtotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused.“Actually,”hesaid,“IhaveafUneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercarandhelpedthemancuthishairimmediately.Aftertheworkwasfinished,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!”hesaid.Untillastyear,Stellerhadgivensuchhaircutstopeoplelivingonthemargins边缘）aroundthecity.Shewaskeenlyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.“It,smorethanahaircut,”shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”Stellerknewthatahaircutcouldchangealife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,herhairthinneddrastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforStellefsfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesaid.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe,dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeIdgoaroundandaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Ican,tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Itallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”HowdidStellerreacttotheman,saskingforhelp?Shepaidnoattention.Sheofferedafreehaircuttohim.Shesentaredchairtohimasapresent.Shetoldaninterestingstorytomakehimhappy.WhatdidStellermeanbysaying“It,smorethanahaircut”inparagraph6?Shethoughtitwasarespectablejob.Shehadfoundmoreadvantagesforthejob.Sheconsideredhaircutasawaytomakefriends.4/10Shehopedherjobcouldmakeadifferencetoothers.WhatdidStellerexpectfromRedChairProject?A.Toearnalotofmoney.Toknowmorepeople.Topassdownthekindness.D.Tomakeherselfstandout.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACutAbove. B.ABeautifulSalon.C.TheGoodBelief. D.TheMiracleofLove.CWhyispovertysodifficulttoovercome?Whyarepoorerpeoplelesslikelytoinvestintheirownlearningandabilitydevelopment,butmorelikelytobeaddictedtotelevisionandvideogames?Inthepast,apoorpersonwasnormallyconsideredtohavebadcharacterorhavenoambition.Banerjeecorrectssuchviewsandexplainstheeconomicsbehindthepoor.Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,hesaid,sotheyneedtoolssuchastelevisions,cellphones,junkfoodandvideogamestorelieveworriesmorethanothers.Butinvestmentinlearningoftentakesalongtimetogetrewards,whilethepoorareoftenimpatientduetoeconomicreasons,andtheirlifeinthemeantimeisgettingmoreworrisomeandboring.Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,orevenmoreonhealthandmedicalcarethanthemiddleclassgroup,buttheytendtogetbadeffects.Thereasonisthatthepooroftenlacktheessentialmedicalandhealthyknowledgeandtheytendtogetmedicaltreatmentwhenthediseasehasworsenedtoacertainstage.Besides,theytendtotrustthedoctorswho“givestrongmedicine”becausetheybelievesuchdoctorsarethe“good”ones.Butinfact,“strongmedicine”alwaysleadstoresistancetodrugsandovertreatment.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,sopovertygets“inheritedWhenitcomestofinance,Banerjee’sresearchhasfoundthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittleandshort-termloanswhilepayingextremelyhighinterestrates.Itisalsobecausethepoortendtotakehigherfinancialrisks—theyoftenhaveunstableincomesandareunabletogetworkingcapitalfrombanks,sotheyrelymoreonthesehigh-interestloans.Andthesesmallloansputabrakeontheirsavingsagainstrisks.Howcouldthepoorstepintothemiddleclass?Maybestartingabusinessisawayout.Butfortheextremelypoor,itsimpossibletogetthecapitaltheyneedtostartabusiness.Inmostcases,amorepracticaloptionisgettingajobingovernmentagenciesbecausecomparativelyspeaking,governmentjobsareverystable,whichgivethepoortheopportunitiestobehiredforthelongterm,toincreasetherangeoftheirthinkingandthusenablingfamiliestomovefrompovertytothemiddleclass.Banerjee’sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminateC消除）it.Howdothepoordealwiththeissueofhealth?A.Theyspendlessmoneyinpreventingdisease.Theyfocusmoreonthediseasesthanearlyprevention.Theyusuallythinkitessentialtoresiststrongmedicine.Theyarewillingtogetfreemedicaltreatmentfromthegovernment.5/10Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanlearnthat.povertyisproducedbythepoorpovertyispasseddownbytheirparentspovertyhassomebadeffectsonthepoorpovertycausespeopletobearmoreeconomicstressBanerjeeconsidersitdifficulttoovercomepovertybecause.thepoorhavebadcharacterorhavenoambitionthepoorprefertoinvestinbusinessratherthanworkthegovernmenthasn,ttakenproperandeffectivemeasurethepoorweretroubledbytheirlives,healthandfinanceWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Thepoorhaveattachedimportancetoeducation.Thegovernmentcan,tprovidethejobsforthepoor.Allthepoorneedtostartabusinessfortheirsurvival.BanerjeeDsresearchishelpfulforthegovernmenttoridofpoverty.DAIcanidentifyraregeneticdisordersPeoplewithgeneticsyndromes（基因遗传综合症）sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures,butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickywhentherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural（神经的）networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.GurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookatthe86512"形态）一oroverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtocorrespondtomorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAItoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photographsofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.GurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheAl,sabilitytodistinguishbetweendifferentgeneticmutations突变）thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedimagesofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,whichcanresultfrommutationsinoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltaccuratelyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.“It,sclearlynotperfect,”saysGurovich.“Butit,sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.”Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsofprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailabletodoctors.ChristofferNellakerattheUniversityofOxfordsaysthistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewithgeneticsyndromes.“Thisisnotfundamentallydifferentinformationthanwe'resharingwalkingdownthestreet,orwe'rehappytosharewithFacebookorGoogle,”hesays.“Butquestioningthedatainthiswaymeansyoucanobtaininformationabouthealthordiseasestatus.”6/10“Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseextremerarediseases,theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.Forsomediseases,thiskindoftechnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.WhatisthepurposeofGurovich,sneuralnetwork?TotesttheAI,sability.Toanalyzephotographsoffaces.Tohelpdoctorsreducetherangeofthediagnosis.Toresearchtheoverallimpressionofpatients7faces.WhatdisadvantagedoesDeepGestaltbring?Itwillprobablyinvolveinthepeople,sprivacy.Itcannotprovideinformationabouthealthordisease.Thediagnosisbasedonasimplephotographisnotaccurate.Itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththedisease.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Theresultoftheassessmentsforthissystemisperfect.DeepGestaltcancorrectlylabel200geneticsyndromes.ItseemsdoubtfultouseAItodistinguishgeneticmutations.Thiskindoftechnologycanspeedupthediagnosticprocess..Whatistheauthor,sattitudetothistechnique?A.Supportive. B.Puzzled.C.Doubtful. D.Negative.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheWorldWaterDayhasbeencelebratedannuallyon22Marchsince1992.Eachyearhasadifferenttheme,lookingatthingsliketheroleofcleanwaterintheworldofwork,waystostopwastingwater,findingwaystosupplywatertounderprivilegedgroupsandsoon.46Butitisalsovitalforsanitation（卫生）.Itisestimatedthatmorethan700childrenundertheageofsevendieeverydayfromillnesseslinkedtounsafewaterandpoorsanitation.Therighttowaterandsanitationwasrecognizedasahumanright.47Theseincluderuralcommunities,peoplewhohavebeendisplacedduetowarandlocalconflictsandareaswhereclimatechangeismakingwatermoreandmorescarcer.Apartfromtheobvioushealthissues,alackofaccessiblecleanwatermeansthatpeople—oftenwomenandchildren一spendhourseverydaywalkingtoandfromdistantwatersupplies.Thismeanstheydoifthavetimetodedicatetowork,studiesandotherdomesticduties.48Andpeoplewhoarenotabletowalktogettheirownwaterareparticularlyvulnerable.Therearemanycharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainablesuppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundtheworld.49Butthefundamentalproblemofincreasingdemandforalimitedresourcecanonlybeaddressedbymoreefficientuseofwater,especiallyinindustryandagriculture.Waste-waterrecycling,capturingrainwater,moreefficientirrigationtechniquesandreforestationareallexamplesofhowwatercanbeusedmoreefficiently.7/1050Weshouldsupportcharities,raiseawareness,takepartintheWorldWaterDayeventsthatarehappeningallaroundtheworldand,ofcourse,becarefulwithhowweusewaterinourownlives.VisittheUNWorldWaterDaywebsitetofindoutaboutaneventnearus.Followworldwaterdayonsocialmediaandhelpspreadthewordaboutthisincrediblyimportantissue.Cleandrinkingwaterisfundamental.Asindividuals,whatcanwedotohelptheissue?Thesearchforwaterbecomestheirmainoccupation.Thisimportantworkneedstocontinueandtoexpand.Everylivingcellinthebodyneedswatertokeepfunctioning.Innormalconditions,thehumanbodycanonlysurvivethreeorfourdayswithoutwater.However,therearestillatleast2.1billionpeoplearoundtheworldlivingwithoutsafewater.第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的美国朋友Jim对北京的历史文化感兴趣。你校暑假期间将为交换生组织“KnowingBeijiii游览活动,请你写信邀请Jim来参加。内容包括：.时间安排；.活动内容；.邀请参加。注意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua（请务必将书面表达写在答题卡指定区域内）8/10

第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿，记述你班上周组织主题为“平安校园”法制教育系列活动的全过程。注意:词数不少于60。提示词:平安校园SafeCampus 法律意识legalawareness参考答案：第一部分，语法填空：1.cities；2.tocarry；3.what；4.connecting；5.went；6.where；7.traditional；8.by；9.them；10.hasbecome/becomes；完型填空：【答案】11.D；12.C；13.A；14.B；15.A；16.C；17.D；18.A；19.B；20.C；21.D；22.B；23.A；24.D；25.B；26.A；27.C；28.B；29.D；30.C；阅读理解：31.C；32.C；33.A；34.B；35.D；36.C；37.A；38.B；39.B；40.D；41.D；42.C；43.A；44.D；45.A； 46. A； 47. G； 48. C； 49. D； 50.B；书面表达第一节:9/10DearJim,Howiseveryth