2019高考英语一轮题型组合练题4含解析新人教版

欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!2019人教高考英语一轮题型组合练题（4）李仕才一、阅读理解。ACareercriminalsbegintheirantisocialbehaviorduringtheirtoddler(学步的儿童)yearsandmaygoonwithalifeofcrimeiftheirbehaviorisn’tchallenged,scientistshavediscovered.Whilemostchildrengrowoutoftheirbadbehaviorbyadulthood,astudyfoundthosewhohad“callousunemotional(冷漠无情的)characteristics”couldgrowuptohaveproblemswiththelawlaterinlife.Behaviorcharacteristicssuchasalackofsympathyandlyinginchildhoodcouldhaveanimpactyearson.LukeHyde,assistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTheresearchalsodiscoveredthatstrictparentingislinkedtothedevelopmentofantisocialbehavior.Scientistslookedat561familiesinanadoptionstudythatexaminedbiologicalmothers’antisocialbehavior.Thescientistsfoundchildrenofantisocialmotherswerealsomorelikelytoexhibitthesamebehaviorcharacteristics,despitehavinglimitedornotouchwiththemastheywereadoptedasbabies.“Thereallyexcitingtake-homemessagefromthisstudyisthatsmall,day-to-daypositiveinteractions(互动)thatparentshavewiththeiryoungchildrencanmakeahugedifferenceinchildren’sdevelopment,’’saidLeslieLeve,aprofessorattheUniversityofOregonwhoco-ledthedatacollection.“Evenwhenchildrenhaveinherited(遗传)averychallengingsetofbehaviors,hearing‘goodjob’orreceivingencouragementcanhelpprotectthemfromdevelopingseriousproblemscomingfromtheirinheriteddifficulties,”headded.Thestudy,workedonbyscientistsfromtheUniversityofMichigan,PennStateUniversityandtheUniversityof1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Kids’socialbehaviorsarerelatedtocrime.B.Criminalsbegintheircrimesduringadolescence.C.Antisocialbehaviorsofkidscouldbeontheirwaytoalifeofcrime.D.Warmheartedkidsaremorelikelytobecriminalsinthefuture.2.Whatconclusionmightthescientistsdrawfromthestudy?A.Antisocialbehaviorsmightbeinherited.B.Thegenesdecidekids’antisocialbehaviors.C.Antisocialbehaviorshavenothingtodowithcrimes.D.Adoptedbabiessurelyhaveantisocialbehaviorswhentheygrowup.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Parentingisthemainreasonthatcauseskids’antisocialbehaviors.B.Whatcausescareercriminalstobegintheircrimesistheirparents’characteristics.C.LeslieLevehasadoubtfulattitudetoadoptivemothers’activeinteractionswithkids.D.Inheritedantisocialbehaviorsofkidscanbelightenedbypositiveparenting.4.Whywillresearcherstrackkids’processofgrowing?A.Tomakesureifkids’behaviorswilllast.B.Tomakesureifpraisewillchangekids.C.Todetermineifkids’behaviorswillbeinherited.D.Todetermineifparents’comfortwillprotectkids.【文章大意】研究人员发现孩子的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，积极的育儿方式可以减轻孩子的反社会行为。1.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Careercriminalsbegintheirantisocialbehaviorduringtheirtoddler

yearsandmaygoonwithalifeofcrimeiftheirbehaviorisn’tchallenged,scientistshavediscovered.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，故C项正确。3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Evenwhenchildrenhaveinherited(遗传)averychallengingsetofbehaviors,hearing‘goodjob’orreceivingencouragementcanhelpprotectthemfromdevelopingseriousproblemscomingfromtheirinheriteddifficulties”可知，积极的育儿教育可以减轻孩子遗传的反社会行为，故D项正确。4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Researcherswillfollowthegroupofchildrenthroughearlyadolescencetodetermineifthesebehaviorsstillcontinuetoexistfromthetoddleryears.”可知，研究人员追踪孩子的成长过程是为了弄清楚孩子的反社会行为是否会持续下去，故A项正确。BGotbigplansforFridaynight?That’sOK,wedon’teither.Guesswe’llallhavetomakedobywatchingthecelestial(天空的)showthatwilltakeplacethatnight.First,therewillbeafullmoon.That’salwaysfun,butthisonewillbealittlemorespecial.It’sknownasa“snowmoon”.ThenamecomesfromthefactthattheheaviestsnowsusuallyfallduringFebruary,accordingtoTheOldFarmer’sAlmanac.Butifthat’snotspecialenough,there’salsoaneclipse(月食)thatnight.It’llbeapenumbrallunareclipse,meaningit’sapartialeclipsethatleavessectionsofthemoondarkenedbytheearth’sshadow.No,itwon’tbeasspectacularasthose“bloodmoon”eclipses.It’llbesubtler.Thelevelofdarknessitreachesduringtheeclipsemayormaynotbeapparent；itjustdependsonwhereyouarewhenyouviewit.InNorthAmerica,theeclipsebeginsat5：34p．m.ETandendsat9：53p．m.ET,accordingtotheastronomywebsiteEarthSky.Theeclipsewillbeatitsheightaround7：44p．m.ET.Ifthat’sstillnotenough,let’sthrowinacomet(彗星)tothenight’sfestivities.Comet45P(ithasamuchlongername,butwewon’tburdenyouwithithere)isvisibleasitfliesbytheearth.Thecometwillgetwithin7.4millionmilesoftheplanetasitmakesitsclosestapproachthisweekend,accordingtoUniverseToday.Comet45Pwillbemostvisibleacoupleofhoursaftertheeclipse,solooktotheskiesagainaround3a．m.ETSaturdayandfindthegreenish­bluelightwithatail.Anddon’tforget,atotalbig­timesolareclipsewillstreakacrosstheUnitedStatesonAugust21st.【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的天文现象。1．Accordingtothetext,whatcanbeviewedonFridaynight?A．Abloodmoon. B．Atotalsolareclipse.C．Apartiallunareclipse. D．Acometwithoutatail.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，星期五晚上将会出现月偏食，故选C项。2．IfyouwanttoseeComet45P,youwillneedto．A．waitaround7：44p．m.ETB．stayupuntil9：53p．m.ETC．wakeupbefore3：00a．m.ETD．startwatchingat5：34p．m.ETC解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“solooktotheskiesagainaround3a．m.ETSaturday”可知，要想看到45P彗星，你需要在凌晨三点之前起床。3．Theauthorwritesthetextwiththepurposeof．A．introducingbasicastronomytothemediaB．sharingnewdiscoverieswithastronomyresearchersC．promotingastronomicaleventsamongsciencestudentsD．informingaveragereadersofrecentcelestialphenomenaD解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的几个天文现象，因此作者的写作目的是介绍这些现象给读者。二、七选五。Comingface­to­facewithyourinadequacies(缺点)canbepainful，tosaytheleast.__1__Itevenmakesyouquestionyourself.Yourknee­jerkreactionmaybetogetdefensiveorevendismissthecritiqueentirely.Buthandlingnegativefeedbackwithgracewillnotonlymakeyoulookgracious，butitcouldultimatelyhelpyougrowasaperson.Here'showtodoit.1．BeobjectiveaboutthecriticismBeforeyoujumptoconclusionsandbegintochallengetheotherperson'sopinion，takeastepbackandlookatitobjectively.Nexttimeyougetabadreview，don'timmediatelyallowyouremotionstogetthebetterofyou，butrather，takeamomenttoconsiderwhetherthecriticismisatallaccurate.__2__2．AvoidunnecessaryconflictIfyoudecidethatthepointisvalid，itmaybehardtotake.Inyourdiscomfort，youmayfeeltheurgetocriticizetheotherpersonangrilyanddefendyourself.__3__3．Beopentotheideaofchange__4__Anditmaybebecauseofaconceptcalled“cognitivedissonance”thatcanpreventusfromchangingevenwhenthat'swhatweneedmost.4．AskquestionsIfyou'reopentousingthecriticismasaspringboardtoimprovement，youwilllikelyneedmoreinformation.__5__Youremotionswillberunninghigh，andyoumaynotbeparticularlyreceptivetoextrainformation.However，whenyoufeelready，itcouldbeworthrevisitingthesubjectwiththepersonwhocriticizedyou.Evenifyoudon'tagreewiththeiradvice，thankthemandpromisetoconsiderit.A．Mostofusareprettystubborn.B．Thereisnodoubtthatchangeisnecessary.C．Butit'sbesttoavoidgettingintoanargument.D．Beingsensitivetocriticismleadsyounowhere.E．Itchallengesthewayyoubelievepeopleseeyou.F．Giveyourselfachancetoreallytakeintheinformationandevaluateit.G．Theinitialmomentyouhearitmaynotbethebesttimetoaskformoredetails.【解题导语】听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。1．E根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式”，所以E项符合语境。2．F根据空前的“don'timmediatelyallowyouremotionstogetthebetterofyou，butrather，takeamomenttoconsiderwhetherthecriticismisatallaccurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故F项符合语境。3．C根据该段小标题“Avoidunnecessaryconflict”可知，C项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。4．A根据空后的“Anditmaybebecauseofaconceptcalled‘cognitivedissonance’thatcanpreventusfromchangingevenwhenthat'swhatweneedmost”及本段小标题可知，A项“我们大部分人都很倔强”符合语境。5．G根据空后的“Youremotionswillberunninghigh,andyoumaynotbeparticularlyreceptivetoextrainformation”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故G项符合语境。三、短文改错。Hereisafunnystory.Onedaythreemousesaidproudlytoeachotherthattheyeachcoulddrinkmorewine，sotheydecidedtohaveadrinkingcontest.Atlasttheybothfeltdizzy.Onesuggested，“Willanybodygotothewinecellartofetchanotherbottleofwine？”Thefirststoodupanddownthenfelltotheground.Theothertwolaughedandsaid，“Hewasdrinkingandcouldn'twalk.”Thesecondstoodup.Hejustmadeseveralstepsandcouldn'thelpthrownup.Thethirdlaughedhardlyandthenitwastheirturn.Hestoodupandmadeonestep，twosteps...Nothingiswrong.Hewentstraighttothewinecellarbuttookabottleofwine.Hestoodthereforwhile，turnedbackandsaidexcitedly，“Haha，whereisthecatnow？”【答案】Hereisafunnystory.Onedaythreeeq\f(mouse,mice)saidproudlytoeachotherthattheyeachcoulddrinkmorewine，sotheydecidedtohaveadrinkingcontest.Atlasttheyeq\f(both,all)feltdizzy.Onesuggested，“Willanybodygotothewinecellartofetchanotherbottleofwine？”Thefirststoodupandeq\o(﹨,down)thenfelltotheground.Theothertwolaughedandsaid，“Hewaseq\f(drinking,drunk)andcouldn'twalk.”Thesecondstoodup.Hejustmadeseveralstepsandcouldn'thelpeq\f(thrown,throwing)up.Thethirdlaughedeq\f(hardly,hard)andthenitwaseq\f(their,his)turn.Hestoodupandmadeonestep，twosteps...Nothingeq\f(is,was)wrong.Hewentstraighttothewinecellareq\f(but,and)tookabottleofwine.Hestoodthereforeq\o(\s\up8(∧),a)while，turnedbackandsaidexcitedly，“Haha，whereisthecatnow？”四。书面表达。概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Anewstudyhasbeenpublishedthatputswaterqualityandtheskinofbabiesunderthemicroscope.Dr.CarstenFlohrandhisteamatKing’sCollegeLondonpresentedtheresultsoftheirpopulation-basedstudyinTheJournalofAllergyandClinicalImmunology.Researchersinvolvedabout1,300three-month-oldbabiesfromacrosstheUKinthisstudy.Theylookedspecificallyatthelevelofcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)inthewater,whichisameasureofwaterhardness.Thelevelofchlorine(氯)inthefamily’swatersupplywasalsotakenintoconsideration,aswastheuseofbathingproducts,andhowregularlythebabieswerebathed.Thebabieswerethenexaminedforthepresenceofchildhoodeczema(湿疹).Thenaturalbarrieroftheirskinwasalsoexamined;babieswerescreenedfortheFLGgenewhichisassociatedwithanaffectedskinbarrier.Thestudyfoundthathardwaterislinkedtoan87percentincreasedriskofeczemaforbabiesofthreemonthsofage.＂Ourstudybuildsongrowingevidenceofalinkbetweenexposuretohardwaterandtheriskofdevelopingeczemainchildhood.It’snotyetclearwhethercalciumcarbonatehasadirectbadeffectontheskinbarrier,orwhetherotherenvironmentalfac