2003年1月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案

2003年1月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread:A)Attheoffice.Inthewaitingroom.Attheairport.Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheywillstartat9o'clockinthemoningandhavetofinishat2intheafternoon.Therefore,A)“Attheoffice”isthecorrectanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]A)TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.A)It’sonlyforrent,notforsale.It'snotasgoodasadvertised.It'sbeingredecorated.It’snolongeravailable.A)Colleagues.Husbandandwife.Employerandemployee.Motherandson.A)Shecontactsherparentsoccasionally.Shephonesherparentsregularlyatweekends.Shevisitsherparentsatweekendswhenthefaresaredown.Sheoftencallherparentsregardlessoftherates.A)Thenextbusiscomingsoon.Thebuswillwaitafewminutesatthestop.Thereareonlytwoorthreepassengerswaitingforthebus.Theycancatchthisbuswithoutrunning.A)Theassignmentlookseasybutactuallyit’squitedifficult.Theassignmentistoodifficultforthemtocompleteontime.TheycannotfinishtheassignmentuntilThursday.Theyhaveplentyoftimetoworkontheassignment.A)Themanwillgotomeetthewomanthisevening.Themanandthewomanhaveanappointmentat7o'clock.Thewomancan'tfinishmakingthejambefore7o'clock.Thewomanwon'tbeabletoseethemanthisevening.A)She'slearnedalotfromtheliteratureclass.She'swrittensomebooksaboutworldclassics.She'smetsomeoftheworld'sbestwriters.She'sjustbackfromatriproundtheworld.A)Theexamwaseasierthanthepreviousone.Joeissurethathewilldobetterinthenextexam.Joeprobablyfailedintheexam.Theoralpartoftheexamwaseasierthanthewrittenpart.10.A)Sheistiredofdrivinginheavytraffic.Shedoesn'tminditastheroadconditionsaregood.Sheisunhappytohavetodrivesuchalongwayeveryday.Sheenjoysitbecauseshe'sgoodatdriving.SectionBCompoundDictationDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toS10youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.It'sdifficulttoimaginetheseaeverrunningoutoffish.It'ssovast,sodeep,so(S1).Unfortunately,it'snotbottomless.Over-fishing,(S2)withdestructivefishingpractices,iskillingoffthefishand(S3)theirenvironment.Destroythefish,andyoudestroythefishermen'smeansofliving.Atleast60(S4)oftheworld'scommerciallyimportantfish(S5)arealreadyover-fished,orfishedtothelimit.Asaresult,governmentshavehadtoclosedownsomeareasofseatocommercialfishing.Big,high-techfleets(S6)thateverythingintheirpathispulledoutofwater.Anythingtoosmall,orthewrongthing,isthrownbackeitherdeadordying.That'san(S7)ofmorethan20millionmetrictonseveryyear.(S8).Insomepartsoftheworld,foreverykilogramofprawns对虾)caught,upto15kilogramsofunsuspectingfishandothermarinewildlifedie,simplyforbeinginthewrongplaceatthewrongtime.True,(S9),thencatchtheminawaythatdoesn'tkillotherinnocentsealife.PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint,however,weallbegintoquestionourheroesandourneedforthem.Thisleadsustoask:Whatisahero?Despiteimmensedifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristicsthatinstructandinspirepeople.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryofadventuretotellandacommunitywhowilllisten.Butaherogoesbeyondmerefame.Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves.Likehigh-voltagetransformers,heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedbyordinarypeople.Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewhoimitateagenuineheroexperiencelifewithnewdepth,enthusiasm,andmeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomdotheyserve?Whataretheywillingtoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswerorevidencesuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous,butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?Heroesarecatalysts(催化剂)forchange.Theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthecharmtomovethemasses.Theycreatenewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,IndiamightstillbepartoftheBritishEmpire.WithoutRosaParksandMartinLutherKing,Jr.,wemightstillhavesegregated(隔离的)buses,restaurants,andparks.Itmaybepossibleforlarge-scalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswithmagneticpersonalities,butthepaceofchangewouldbeslow,thevisionuncertain,andthecommitteemeetingsendless.Althoughheroesmaycomefromdifferentcultures,they.generallypossesscertaininspiringcharacteristicsprobablysharesomeweaknessesofordinarypeopleareofteninfluencedbypreviousgenerationsallunknowinglyattractalargenumberoffansAccordingtothepassage,heroesarecomparedtohigh-voltagetransformersinthat.theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintoptheyhavewarmfeelingsandemotionstheycanserveasconcreteexamplesofnobleprinciplestheycanmakepeoplefeelstrongerandmoreconfidentMadonnaandMichaelJacksonarenotconsideredheroesbecause.theyarepopularonlyamongcertaingroupsofpeopletheirperformancesdonotimprovetheirfansmorallytheirprimaryconcernistheirownfinancialintereststheyarenotclearabouttheprinciplestheyshouldfollowGandhiandMartinLutherKingaretypicalexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho.aregoodatdemonstratingtheircharmingcharacterscanmovethemasseswiththeirforcefulspeechesarecapableofmeetingallchallengesandhardshipscanprovideananswertotheproblemsoftheirpeopleTheauthorconcludesthathistoricalchangeswould.bedelayedwithoutleaderswithinspiringpersonalqualitiesnothappenwithoutheroesmakingthenecessarysacrificestakeplacefftherewereheroestoleadthepeopleproduceleaderswithattractivepersonalitiesPassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,today'straditional-agecollegefreshmenare“morematerialisticandlessaltruistic(利他主义的)“thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,thestudent'smajorobjective“istobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneverisdevelopingameaningfulphilosophyoflife.”Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.Interestinteaching,socialserviceandthe“altruistic”fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.That'snosurpriseeither.Afriendofmine(asalesrepresentativeforachemicalcompany)wasmakingtwicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructorsherfirstyearonthejob—evenbeforeshecompletedhertwo-yearassociatedegree.Whileit'struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.Weeklywereadofunionswhowentonstrikeforhigherwages,onlytodrivetheiremployeroutofbusiness.Nocompany;nojob.Howshortsightedinthelongrun!Butthemostimportantargumentforabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlywhichshowsagroupofbusinessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalkingontheintercom(对讲机)：“MissBaxter,”hesays,“couldyoupleasesendinsomeonewhocandistinguishrightfromwrong?”Fromthelong-termpointofview,that'swhateducationreallyoughttobeabout.Accordingtotheauthor'sobservation,collegestudents.A)haveneverbeensomaterialisticastodayhaveneverbeensointerestedintheartshaveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastodayhaveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsenseThestudents'criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith.theinfluencesoftheirinstructorsthefinancialgoalstheyseekinlifetheirowninterpretationsofthecoursestheirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothersBysaying“Whileit'struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Lines1-3,Para.5),theauthormeansthat.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprogramshumanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeedhumanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheightstheimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked19.Studyingthediversewisdomofotherscan.createvaryingartisticinterestshelppeopleseethingsintheirrightperspectivehelpimproveconnectionsamongpeopleregulatethebehaviorofmodernpeopleWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A)Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa“globalvillage”wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing“outofsightandoutofmind.”Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent(普遍的).Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtoetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequalTheemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcamhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.21.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?Critical.Prejudiced.Indifferent.Positive.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipment,businesspeople.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnologyaregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperationsareattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusinessareeagertoworkoverseasInthispassage,“outofsightandoutofmind”(Lines-3,Para.3)probablymeans.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsightbeingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathomemissingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroadleavingallcareandworrybehindAccordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?Connectionswithbusinessesoverseas.Abilitytospeaktheclient'slanguage.Technicalknow-how.Businessexperience.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocesseasilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneedsfast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarterseasilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroadPassageFourQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inrecentyears,Israeliconsumershavegrownmoredemandingasthey'vebecomewealthierandmoreworldly-wise.Foreigntravelisanationalpassion;thissummeralone,onein10citizenswillgoabroad.Exposedtohigherstandardsofserviceelsewhere,Israelisarereturninghomeexpectingthesame.Americanfirmshavealsobegunarrivinginlargenumbers.ChainssuchasKFC,McDonald'sandPizzaHutaresettinganewstandardofcustomerservice,usingstrictemployeetrainingandconstantmonitoringtoensurethefriendlinessoffrontlinestaff.EventheAmericanhabitoftellingdepartingcustomersto“Haveaniceday”hascaughtonalloverIsrael.“Nobodywakesupinthemorningandsays,‘Let'sbenicer,’”saysItsikCohen,directorofacoiultingfirm.“Nothinghappenswithoutcompetition.”Privatization,orthethreatofit,isamotivationaswell.Monopolies(垄断者)thatuntilrecentlyhavebeenfreetotaketheircustomersforgrantednowfearwhatMichaelPerry,amarketingprofessor,clals“therevengeful(报复的)consumer.”WhenthegovernmentopenedupcompetitionwithBezaq,thephonecompany,itsinternationalbranchlost40%ofitsmarketshare,evenwhileofferingcompetitiverates.SaysPerry,“Peoplewantedrevengeforalltheyearsofbadservice.”Theelectriccompany,whosemonopolymaybeshort-lived,hassuddenlymoppedrequiringuserstowaithalfadayforarepairman.Now,appointmentsarescheduledtothehalf-hour.ThegracelessElAlAirlines,whichisalreadyatauction(拍卖)，hasretraineditsemployeestoemphasizeserviceandisboastingabouttheresultsinanadcampaignwiththeslogan,“Youcanfeelthechangeintheair.”Forthefirsttime,praiseoutnumberscomplaintsoncustomersurveysheets.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat.customerserviceinIsraelisnowimprovingwealthyIsraelicustomersarehardtopleasethetouristindustryhasbroughtchainstorestoIsraelIsraelicustomerspreferforeignproductstodomesticonesIntheauthor'sview,higherservicestandardsareimpossibleinIsrael.ifcustomercomplaintsgounnoticedbythemanagementunlessforeigncompaniesareintroducedingreaternumbersifthere'snocompetitionamongcompanieswithoutstrictroutinetrainingofemployeesIfsomeoneinIsraeltodayneedsarepairmanincaseofapowerfailure,.theycanhaveitfixedinnotimeit’snolongernecessarytomakeanappointmenttheappointmenttakesonlyhalfadaytomaketheyonlyhavetowaithalfanhouratmostTheexampleofElA1Airlinesshowsthat.revengefulcustomersareathreattothemonopolyofenterprisesanadcampaignisawayoutforenterprisesinfinancialdifficultyagoodsloganhasgreatpotentialforimprovingservicestaffretrainingisessentialforbetterserviceWhydidBezaq'sinternationalbranchlose40%ofitsmarketshare?Becausetheratesitofferedwerenotcompetitiveenough.Becausecustomersweredissatisfiedwithitspastservice.Becausetheserviceofferedbyitscompetitorswasfarbetter.Becauseitnolongerreceivedanysupportfromthegovernment.PartIIIVocabularyandStructure(20minutes)Directions:Thereare3.0.incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Suchcrimesmaybesocomplexthatmonthsoryearsgobybeforeanyone them.discoveredwilldiscoverwouldhavediscovereddiscoversThoughinabigcity,Peteralwayspreferstopainttheprimitivescenesofcountrylife.grownraisedtendedcultivatedThecarelessmanreceivedaticketforspeeding.Hehavedrivensofast.can'twouldn'tshouldn'tmustn'tIfpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon'tbothertotheskillstheyneedtosucceed.adoptacquireaccumulateassembleIfIharderatschool,Iwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficenow.workedweretoworkhadworkedwereworkingTheshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasofcheatingcustomers.accusedchargedscoldedcursedAllherenergiesareuponherchildrenandsheseemstohavelittletimeforanythingelse.guidedaimeddirectedfocusedWhilecrossingthemountainarea,allthemencarriedgunslesttheybywildanimals.shouldbeattackedhadbeenattackedmustbeattackedwouldbeattackedEveryoneshouldbetoadecentstandardoflivingandanopportunitytobeeducated.attributedentitledidentifiedjustifiedHiswifeisconstantlyfundingwithhim,whichmakeshimveryangry.errorsshortcomingsfaultflawVitaminsarecomplexthatthebodyrequiresinverysmallmounts.mattersmaterialsparticlessubstancesApartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavyhouseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.time-consumedtimely-consumedtime-consumingtimely-consumingAnnawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completelytotheoutsideworld.havingbeenlosttobelostlosinglostThepolicearetryingtofindouttheofthewomankilledinthetrafficaccident.evidencerecognitionstatusidentityAllhumanbeingshaveacomfortablezoneregulatingthetheykeepfromsomeonetheytalkwith.distancescoperangeboundaryWehaveplannedanexcitingpublicitywithouradvertisers.strugglecampaignbattleconflictthehelpoftheirgroup,wewouldnothavesucceededintheinvestigation.BesidesRegardlessofButforDespitemuchisknownaboutwhatoccursduringsleep,theprecisefunctionofsleepanditsdifferentstagesremainslargelyintherealmofassumption.BecauseForSinceWhileJohndoesn'tbelieveinmedicine;hehassomeremediesofhisown.standardregularroutineconventionalOwingtocompetitionamongtheairlines,travelexpenseshavebeenreducedconsiderably.fiercestrainedeagercriticalTheyalwaysgivethevacantseatstocomesfirst.whoeverwhomeverwhowhomInAfrica,educationalcostsareverylowforthosewhoareenoughtogetintouniversities.ambitiousfortunateaggressivesubstantialProfessorWang,forhisinformativelectures,waswarmlyreceivedbyhisstudents.knowingknowntobeknownhavingknownOurmanagerisanimportantcustomernowandhewillbebackthisafternoon.callingoncallingincallingupcallingforAfireenginemusthavepriorityasitusuallyhastodealwithsomekindof.precautioncrisisemergencyurgencyHesaidthatthedrivermusthavehadanaccident;otherwisehe bythen.wouldhavearrivedmusthavearrivedshouldarrivewouldarriveThefilmprovidesadeepintoawiderangeofhumanqualifiesandfeelings.insightimaginationfancyoutlookItishightimethatsuchpractices.areendedbeendedwereendedmustbeendedUrbancrowdednesswouldbegreatlyrelievedifonlythechargedonpublictransportweremorereasonable.feesfarespaymentscostsThedoctorhadalmostlosthopeatonepoint,butthepatientfinally.pulledoutpulledthroughpulleduppulledoverPartIVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Alanguageisasignalingsystemwhichoperateswithsymbolicvocalsounds(语声)，andwhichisusedbyagroupofpeopleforthepurposeofcommunication.Let'slookatthis__61__inmoredetailbecauseitislanguage,mrethananythingelse,__62__distinguishesmanfromtherestofthe__63__world.Otheranimals,itistrue,communicatewithoneanotherby__64__ofcries:forexample,manybirdsutter__65__callsattheapproachofdanger;monkeysutter__66__cries,suchasexpressionsofanger,fearandpleasure.__67__thesevariousmeansofcommunicationdifferinimportantways__68__humanlanguage.Forinstance,animals'criesdonot__69__thoughtsandfeelingsclearly.Thismeans,basically,thattheylackstructure.Theylackthekindofstructurethat