2023年职称英语卫生类B级考试题

2023年职称英语卫生类B级考试题第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为靠近旳选项。1.Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit.A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans2.Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends3.Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption4.Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous5.Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation.A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect6.JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle.A.cooperatingBpetingCbiningD.arguing7.Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise8.Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems.A.solvingB.exploringC.settlingD.handling9.Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits.A.removedB.curedC.worsenedD.relieved10.Andthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory.A.functionsC.motionsB.faultsD.parts11.Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate12.Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered13.Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal.A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily14.Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.A.strangeBplexC.personalD.funny15.InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.A.evaluationB.efficiencyC.productionD.publicity第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断。假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;假如该句旳信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。HealthCarsIntheUSHealthcareintheUSiswell-knownbutveryexpensive.Payingthedoctor'sbillafteramajorillnessoraccidentcancosthundredsofthousandsofdollars.IntheUS,aperson'scompany,notthegovernment,paysforhealthinsurance.Employershavecontractswithinsurancecompanies,whichpayforallorpartofemployees'doctors'bills.Theamountthattheinsurancecompanywillpayouttoapatientdifferswildly.Italldependsonwhatinsurancetheemployerpays.Thelessthebosspaystotheinsurancecompany,themoretheemployeehastopaythehospitaleachtimeheorshegetssick.In2023,theaverageworkerpaidanextraUS$558ayear,accordingtoaSanFranciscoreport.ThesystemalsomeansmanyAmericansfallthroughthecracks(遭遗漏).In2023,only61percentofthepopulationreceivedhealthinsurancethroughtheiremployers,accordingtothereport.Theunemployed,self-employed,part-timeworkersandgraduatedstudentswithnojobswerenotincluded.MostUSuniversitystudentshaveagapbetweentheirlastdayofschoolandtheirfirstdayonthejob.Often,theyarenolongerprotectedbytheirparents'insurancebecausetheyarenowconsideredindependentadults.Theyalsocannotbuyuniversityhealthinsurancebecausetheyarenolongerstudents.AnothergroupthatfallsthroughthegapoftheUSsystemisinternationalstudents.Allarerequiredtohavehealthinsuranceandcannotbegintheirclasseswithoutit.Butexactpolicies(保险单)differfromschooltoschool.MostuniversitiesworkwithhealthinsurancecompaniesandselltheirownstandardplanforstudentsOften,buyingtheschoolplanisrequired,butluckilyit'salsocheaperthanbuyingdirectfromtheinsurancecompany.1IntheUS,aperson'scompanybuyshimorherhealthinsurance.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned2AllemployeesintheUShavethesamekindofhealthinsurance.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned3In2023,mostoftheunemployedintheUSwerewomen.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned4IntheUS,graduatedstudentswithnojobscanbuyuniversityhealthinsurance.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned5AllinternationalstudentsintheUShavetobuyhealthinsurance.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned6TheinternationalstudentsintheUSworkharderthantheAmericanstudents.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned7ThehealthcaresystemintheUStakescareofeveryoneinthecountry.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个对旳旳小标题;(2)第27～30题规定从所给旳6个选项中选择4个对旳选项，分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上.ZYBANTablets(药片)1ZYBANisaprescription(处方)medicinetohelppeoplequitsmoking.StudieshaveshownthatmorethanonethirdofpeoplequitsmokingforatleastonemonthwhiletakingZYBAN.Formanypatients,ZYBANreduceswithdrawalsymptoms(脱瘾过程中产生旳症状)andthestrongwishtosmoke.2ZYBANshouldbetakenasdirectedbyyourdoctor.Theusualrecommendeddosing(剂量)istotakeone150-mgtabletinthemorningforthefirst3days.Onthefourthday,begintakingone150-mgtabletinthemorningandone150-mgtabletintheearlyevening.Dosesshouldbetakenatleast8hoursapart.3Formostpatients,treatmentwilllast7to12weeks.Becauseresultsvary,itmaytakelongerforsomepeople,Possiblyupto6monthsdependingontheindividual.Ifyou'vebeensmokingforalongtime,ZYBANwillhelptoreducewithdrawalsymptoms.It'simportanttoremainonZYBANforatleast7to12weeksinordertoquitforgood.YourdoctorshoulddeterminewhentostoptakingZYBAN4Ittakesabout1weekforZYBANtoreachtherightlevelsinyourbodytobeeffectiveSo,toincreaseyourchanceofquittingasmuchaspossible,youshouldnotstopsmokinguntilyouhavebeentakingZYBANfor1week.Youshouldsetadatetostopsmokingduringthesecondweekyou'retakingZYBAN.5Thesideeffects(副作用)associatedwithZYBANaregenerallymildandoftendisappearafterafewweeks.Themostcommonsideeffectsaredrymouthanddifficultyinsleeping.Ifyouhavedifficultysleeping,avoidtakingyourmedicinetooclosetobedtime1Paragraph2______________.2Paragraph3______________.3Paragraph4______________.4Paragraph5______________.AHowshouldItakeZYBAN?BWhatisZYBAN?CWhatarethesideeffectsoftakingZYBAN?DWhoinventedZYBAN?EHowlongshouldItakeZYBAN?FHowlongdoesittakeforZYBANtowork?5Forthefirst3days,ZYBANshouldbetaken______________.6Toquitsmokingforgood,youshouldtakeZYBANfor______________.7ThetimeittakesforZYBANtobeeffectiveis______________.8ThesideeffectsoftakingZYBANoftengoaway______________.AonlyonceadayBaround8hoursCatleast7to12weeksDonthefourthdayEabout1weekFafterafewweeks第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题背面均有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其背面旳问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。第一篇HappyTherapy(诊断)NormanCousinswasabusinessmanfromtheUnitedStateswhooftentraveledaroundtheworldonbusiness.Heenjoyedhisworkandtraveling.Then,afterreturningtotileUnitedStatesfromabusyandtiringtriptoRussia,Mr.Cousinsgotsick.Becausehehadpushedhisbodytothelimitofitsstrengthonthetrip,achemicalchangebegantotakeplaceinsidehim.Thematerialbetweenhisbonesbecameweak.Inlessthanoneweekafterhisreturn,hecouldnotstand.Everymovethathemadewaspainful.Hewasnotabletosleepatnight.ThedoctorstoldMr.Cousinsthattheydidnotknowhowtocurehisproblemsandhemightnevergetovertheillness.Mr.Cousins,however,refusedtogiveuphope.Mr.Cousinsthoughtthatunhappythoughtswerecausingbadchemicalchangesinhisbody.Hedidnotwanttotakemedicinetocurehimself.Instead,hefeltthathappythoughtsorlaughtermightcurehisillness.Hebegantoexperimentonhimselfwhilestillinthehospitalbywatchingfunnyshowsontelevision.Mr.Cousinsquicklyfoundthattenminutesofreallaughterduringthedaygavehimtwohoursofpain-freesleepatnight.Decidingthatthedoctorscouldnothelphim,Mr.Cousinsleftthehospitalandcheckedintoahotelroomwherehecouldcontinuehisexperimentswithlaughter.Foreightdays,Mr.Cousinsrestedinthehotelroomwatchingfunnyshowsontelevision,readingfunnybooks,andsleepingwheneverhefelttired.Withinthreeweeks,hefeltwellenoughtotakeavacationtoPuertoRicowherehebeganrunningonthebeachforexercise.Afterafewmonths,Mr.CousinsreturnedtoworkHehadlaughedhimselfbacktohealth.1Mr.CousinsgotsickafterreturningfromAabusytriptotheUS.BatiringtriptoRussia.Catriparoundtheworld.DatriptoPuertoRico.2HowdidthedoctorsrespondtoMr.Cousins'illness?ATheypromisedtocurehim.BTheydidn'tthinkhewasreallysick.CTheytoldhimnottogiveuphope.DTheysaidtheywereunabletohelphiminanyway.3Mr.CousinsattributedthebadchemicalchangesinhisbodytoAunhappythoughts.Basevereillness.Cweakbones.Dtoomuchsleep.4Whatdidn'tMr.Cousinsdoinhisexperimentswithlaughter?AWatchfunnyTVshows.BReadfunnybooks.CSleepwheneverhefelttired.DTakemedicine.5Mr.CousinscuredhisownillnessAbylaughingatothers.Bbyactinginfunnyshows.Cbytakingahappytherapy.Dbywritingfunnystories.第二篇FortyMayBetheNew30asScientistsRedefineAgeIs40reallythenew30?Inmanywayspeopletodayactyoungerthantheirparentsdidatthesameage.Scientistshavedefinedanewageconceptandbelieveitcouldexplainwhypopulationsareaging,butatthesametimeseemtobegettingyounger.Insteadofmeasuringagingbyhowlongpeoplehavelived,thescientistshavefactoredinhowmanymoreyearspeoplecanprobablystilllookforwardto.Usingthatmeasure,theaveragepersoncangetyoungerinthesensethatheorshecanhaveevenmoreyearstoliveastimegoeson,saidWarrenSandersonoftheUniversityofNewYorkinStonyBrook.HeandSergeiScherbovoftheViennaInstituteofDemographyattheAustrianAcademyofSciences,haveusedtheirmethodtoestimatehowtheproportionofelderlypeopleinGermany,JapanandtheUnitedStateswillchangeinthefuture.TheaverageGermanwas39.9yearsoldin2023andcouldplantoliveforanother39.2years,accordingtoresearchreportedinthejournalNatureonWednesday.However,by2050theaverageGermanwillbe51.9yearsoldandwillbeexpectedtoliveanother37.1years.Somiddleagein2050wouldoccurataround52yearsinsteadof40yearsasin2023.Aspeoplehavemoreandmoreyearstolivetheyhavetosavemoreandplanmoreandtheyeffectivelyarebehavingasiftheywereyounger,saidSanderson.Fiveyearsago,theaverageAmericanwas35.3yearsoldandcouldplanfor43.5moreyearsoflife.By2050,theresearchersestimateitwillincreaseto41.7yearsand45.8futureyears.Alotofourskills,oureducation，oursavingsandthewaywedealwithourhealthcaredependagreatdealonhowmanyyearswehavetolive,saidSanderson.Thisdimensionofhowmanyyearswehavetolivehasbeencompletelyignoredinthediscussionofagingsofar.6People40yearsofagetodayseemtobeasyoungasAtheirparentswereatthesameage.Btheirparentswereattheageof30.Ctheirchildrenwillbeatthesameage.Dtheirchildrenwillbeattheageof30.7ThenewageconcepttakesintoaccountthefactorofA"futureyears."B"averageyears."C"pastyears."D"schoolyears."8In2023,middleagefortheaverageGermanoccurredAat37.1years.Bat40years.Cat39.2years.Dat52years.9By2023,theaverageAmericanwilllivetoAtheageof41.7.Btheageof45.8.Ctheageof78.8.Dtheageof87.5.10WhichisNOTaffectedbythenumberofyearswehavetolive?AOureducation.BOursavings.CThewaywehandleourhealthcare.DThenumberofyearswehavelived.第三篇IstheTieaNecessity?Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.So,arethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties?Maybe.Lastweek,theUK'sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbefreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives.Infact,Blairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities(著名人士)withoutties,whichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast.ForsomemoreconservativeBritish,thetieisamustforproperappearance.Earlier,LaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghan,thetiewasasignofbeingcomplete,ofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurch,toworkintheoffice,toaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion.Buttoday,peoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions.Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplya"band".Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman'sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear(颈饰)impressedCharlesII,thekingofEnglandwhowasexiled(流放)toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660,hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim.Itwasn't,however,untilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorful,flowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Then,clubs,militaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer'smembershipinthelate19thcentury.Afterthat,thetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen.Butnow,evengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anyway,thedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood.11ThetiesymbolizesallofthefollowingexceptArespect.Belegance.Cpoliteness.Ddemocracy.12WhydoesBlairsometimesshowupinaformaleventwithoutatie?ABecausehewantstomakeashow.BBecausehewantstoattractattention.CBecausetiesarecostly.DBecausehewantstoliveinacasualway.13WhichofthefollowingisNOTasocialoccasion?AGoingtochurch.BGoingtoworkintheoffice.CStayingathome.DGoingtoaparty.14WhobroughttheFrenchmen'sneckweartoBritain?ATonyBlair.BCharlesⅡ.CJimCallaghan.DAndrewTurnbull.15WhendidBritishgentlemenbegintoweartiesregularly?AAfterthelate19thcentury.BInthe1630s.CIn1660.DInthelate18thcentury.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面旳短文，文章中有5处空白，文章背面有6组文字，请根据文章旳内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。HowDidSheConquertheAmericans?African-AmericantalkshowqueenOprahWinfreyistheworld'smostpowerfulcelebrity,accordingtoForbesmagazine.______________(1)Winfrey,51,draws30millionviewersweeklyintheUnitedStates.Hertalkshowreaches112countries.SheearnedUS$225millionoverthepast12monthstoranksecondincelebrityriches.TheannualForbeslistgivesmostweighttoannualearnings.______________(2)"After21years,herexcitingchatshowstillrulestheairwaves.Itcreatednewcelebritiesandhundredsofmillionsofdollarsinprofits,"themagazinesaid.Winfreyismostpopularwithherpopulartalkshow"TheOprahWinfreyShow".Shecanalwaysattractthesuperstarsandletthemopenuptoherintimateinterviewingstyle.Lastmonth,AmericanactorTomCruise,42,surprisedfanswhenhecelebratedhisnewromancewith26-year-oldactressKatieHolmes.Hejumpedupanddown,shouting"I'minlove."Onlyafewyearsago,Cruiseandhisex-wifeNicoleKidmanappearedseparatelyonthesameshowtellingthenewsoftheirdivorce.______________(3)Winfrey'sapproachappearstobesimple.Sheisinpursuitofself-improvementandself-empowerment(自强).Thishasprovedtobejustwhatpeople,especiallywomen,want.Winfreyoftentalksaboutherpersonalsecretsonhershow.Thatpullsinviewers.Forexample,sherevealedthatshehadbeensexuallyabusedasachild,andhasspokenfreelyofherstrugglewithherweight.WinfreywasborntoapoorfamilyinMississippiin1954.______________(4)Attheageof19,shebecametheyoungestpersonandthefirstAfrican-Americanwomantoanchor(主持)anewsprogramme.Hersuccesshasnotjustbeenonthescreen.Hermediagroupincludesawomen'sTVnetworkandwebsitesforwomen.Winfrey'sworkhasextendedtosocialchange.______________(5)ShetestifiedbeforetheUSSenatetoestablishanationaldatabaseofdangerouschildabusers.PresidentBillClintonlatersigned"OprahBill"intolaw.AButitalsolooksatthecelebrity'spresenceontheInternetandinthemedia.BIn1991,shedidalotofworkfortheNationalChildProtectionAct.CShewasnotaverysuccessfulwoman.DShebeganbroadcastingwhilestillathighschool.EItplacedWinfreyatthetopofitsannualrankingofthe100peoplelastweek.FThecouplehadbeentight-lippedabouttheirbreak-up.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)阅读下面旳短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文旳内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobilePeopleover70whoaren'tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbingstairswithinafewyears,accordingtoanewstudy.Thesefindingssuggestthatit'sveryimportanttostay_____(51)inoldage,studyauthorDr.MarjoleinVissertoldReutersHealth."Physicalactivityinoldageisasimportant_____(52)takingyourmedications(药物),"Vissernoted."Youdonotneedtojoinanexpensive,fancysportsclubwithhigh-tech(高科技旳)equipment.Yourbodywillalready_____(53)fromregularwalking."Visser,aDutch(荷兰旳)scholar,explainedthat_____(54)activehelpspreventpeoplefrombecomingbreathlessduringsimpleactivities,increasemusclemassandstrength,andmaintainthebalancepeopleneedtowalkupstairs,forinstance.Toinvestigatehowimportantexerciseistoolderadults,Visser'steaminterviewed3,075menand_____(55)betweentheagesof70and79,allofwhomsaidtheyhadnoproblemswalkingone-quarterofamileorclimbing_____(56).Theinvestigator