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中国科学技术大学20XX年博士研究生入学考试英语试题PAPERONESECTIONⅠREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30points)Directions:There are 5 passages inthis section.Each passageis followed by some questions oreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedandshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerPassageOneQuestions1to4arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Studyingsciencewithinasocialandpoliticalcontextisnotpartofcurrentscientifictraininginthebelievethattheyarestudying“knowledgeforknowledge’ssake.”TheyworkwithinasocialstructureofcompetitionandrewardthatencouragespursuitofrecognitionofcolleaguesandprestigeattheexpenseofScientistsundergolongyearsoftraining.PhDstudents,forexample,doapproximately3-5yearsofpost—undergraduateworkandfrequentlyanadditional2-3yearsofpostdoctoralstudybeforestartingajobatthelowestleveloftheso—calledprofessionalorder.Fromthebeginningthescientististrainedinthescientificteachesonetoisolateanobjectforitsinternalformulatelawsabouttheisolationoftheobjectandthemethodusedtoexamineatpartsratherthanthepiecemealratherthancomprehensivethinking.Itwouldnotbepossibleforsciencetoappear“neutral”ifitwereviewedaspartoftheculturalandsocialinstitutionsthatsupport,createandencourageitiscurrentlypracticedisconcernedwithvalidityandnotwithispursuitofknowledgeregardlessofmoralLongyearsoftraininginreductionistthinkingproducesscientistswhoareexperts,specialpeoplewhoarethoughttobemoreknowledgeable,rational,preciseandbrighterthanothers.Thescientistbecomesa“professional“isolatedfromcommonpeopleandoftenunabletotalkwithothersunlikehimself.This“professionalism”allowsthescientisttodisregardanyquestioningofhisworkthatdoesnotbelongtohisscientificallowsscientiststokeepaprofessionaldistancebetweenthemselvesandnon—scientistsaswellasbetweenselvesandsubordinates.AnditsupportsthesocialorderwithinscienceisnotunusualthatscientistsatthetopcanorganizeanddirectworkofsubordinatesandnotevenbequestionedaboutClearlythetraininganddevelopmentof“professional”scientistsproducepersonsforthemostpartwhodonotandperhapscannotexaminethesocialvaluesoftheirwork,andwhonotonlyshutoutcriticismbutsilenceit.Givensuchlongyearsoftrainingandsocializationintheideologyandbehaviorofscience,itisnotsurprisingthatscientistswhodomilitaryresearchregardtheirworkasvaluefree.Whichofthefollowingwoulda“professional”scientistshowthemostconcernfor?A.Thelong-termsocialeffectofhisB.ApplicationofhistheoriestosocialC.FormulationoftheoriesbasedonD.Theconnectionofhistheorieswithother2.Accordingtotheauthor,intheprofessionofscience A.scientistsrespecteachother’sopinions.B.scientistswelcomecriticismfromnon—scientists.C.thecompetitionbetweenscientistsisencouraged.D.youngscientistsaretrainedtobeblindly3.Somescientistsinmilitaryresearchbelievethat theyareinpursuitofknowledgemilitaryresearchisofgreatvaluetothenationtheyenjoyfreedomonlywhentheyaredoingmilitaryresearchmilitaryresearchshouldnotbecontrolledbythe4.ThescientifictrainingintheU.S.emphasizes A.comprehensivethinkingB.analyticalthinkingC.socialapplicationD.BothAandBPassageTwoQuestions5to8arebasedonthefollowingpassage:By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down toregularconcentrateddifficultyismuchgreaterforthosewhodonotworktoaplanandhavenoregularroutineofstudentsmuddleabitofthissubjectorasthemoodtakeslettingtheirsetworkpileupuntilthelastpossibleFewstudentsworktoasettime-table.Theysaythatiftheydidconstructatimetableforthemselvestheywouldnotkeeptoit,orwouldhavetoalteritconstantly,sincetheyneverpredictfromonedaytothenextwhattheiractivitieswillNo doubt some temperaments take much more kindly to a regular routine thanothers.Therearemanywhoshyawayfromtheself-regimentationofaweeklytime-table ,anddislikebeingtieddowntoadefiniteprogrammeofablestudentsclaimthattheyworkinbecomeinterestedinatopictheyworkonitintensivelyforthreeorfourdaysatatime.Onotherdaystheyavoidworkcompletely.Ithastobeconfessedthatwedonotfullyunderstandthecomplexitiesofthemotivationtowork.Mostpeopleover25yearsofagehavebecomeconditionedtoaworkroutine,andthemajorityofreallyproductiveworkerssetasideregularhoursforthemoreimportantaspectsoftheirwork.The‘tough-minded’schoolofworkersisusuallyverycontemptuousoftheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonespontaneously ,undertheinfluenceofinspiration.Thosewhobelievethattheyneedonlyworkandstudyasthefittakesthemhaveamistakenbeliefeitherintheirowntalentorinthevalueof‘freedom’.Freedomfromrestraintanddisciplineleadstounhappinessratherthanto‘self-expression’or‘personalitydevelopment’.Oursocietyinsistsonregularandwhetherwelikeitorwemeantomakeourwayinsocietywehavetocomplywithits5.Themostwidespreadprobleminapplyingoneselftostudyisthatof A.thefailuretokeeptoaroutineofmethodicalandintensiveworkB.changingfromonesubjecttoanotherC.unwillingnesstofollowasystematicplanD.applyingoneselftoasubjectonlywhenonefeelsinclined6.Thoseworkerswithstrictviewsonwork .areverycriticalofthebeliefthatgoodworkcanbeanaturalproductofinstinctrejecttheideathatgoodworkissecondnaturetomandonotregardasserioustheopinionthatgoodworkcanbedoneatanytimeregardlessofinspirationaredeeplyscornfuloftheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonewhenfreefromexternalinfluenceandpromptedbyinternalstimulusInParagraph4“asthefittakesthem”means .whentheyhavetheenergywhentheyareinthemoodwhentheyfindconditionssuitablewhentheyfeelfit8.Asuitabletitleforthepassagemightbe A.AttitudestoStudyStudyPlansTheDifficultiesofStudyingStudyandSelf-disciplinePassageThreeQuestions9to12arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints—periods.countries,climaticevents,andgreatleaders.Italsohashadclearandfirmnotionsofscholarlyprocedure:howoneinquiresintoahistoricalproblem,howonepresentsanddocumentsone’sfindings,whatconstitutesadmissibleandadequateproof.Anyonewhohasfollowedrecenthistoricalliteraturecantestifytotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinhistoricalstudies.Thecurrentlyfashionablesubjectscomedirectlyfromthesociologynewsubjectsareaccompaniedbynewhistory once was primarily narrative,it is now entirely analytic.The oldquestions“Whathappened?”And“Howdidithappen?”Havegivenwaytothequestion“Whydidithappen?”Prominentamongthemethodsusedtoanswerthequestion“Why”isitsusehasgivenrisetoPsychohistory does not merely use psychological explanations in historicalcontexts.Historianshavealwaysusedsuchexplanationswhentheywereappropriateandwhentherewassufficientevidenceforthem.Butthispragmaticuseofpsychologyisnotwhatpsychohistoriansintend.Theyarecommitted,notjusttopsychologyingeneral,buttoFreudianpsychoanalysis.Thiscommitmentprecludesacommitmenttohistoryashistorianshavealwaysunderstoodderivesits“facts”notfromdetailedrecordsofeventsandtheirconsequences,butfrompsychoanalysisoftheindividualswhomadehistory,anddeducesitstheoriesnotfromthisorthatinstanceintheirlives,butfromaviewofhumannaturethattranscendshistory.Itdeniesthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidence:thatevidencebepubliclyaccessibleto,andthereforeassessableby,allhistorians.Anditviolatesthebasictenetofhistoricalmethod:thathistoriansbealerttothenegativeinstancesthatwouldrefutetheirtheses.Psychohistorians,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories,arealsoconvincedthattheirsisthe“deepest”explanationofanyevent,thatotherexplanationsfallshortofthetruth.Psychohistoryisnotcontenttoviolatethedisciplineofhistory(inthesenseofthepropermodeofstudyingandwritingaboutthealsoviolatesthepastdeniestothepastanintegrityandwillofitsown,inwhichpeopleactedoutofavarietyofmotivesandinwhicheventshadamultiplicityofcausesandeffects.Itimposesuponthepastthesamedeterminationthatitimposesuponthepresent,thusrobbingpeopleandeventsoftheirindividualityandoftheircomplexity.Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandinallcircumstances.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainpointofthepassage?TheapproachofpsychohistorianstohistoricalstudyiscurrentlyinvogueeventhoughitlackstherigorandverifiabilityoftraditionalhistoricalB.Traditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings psychohistorians.C.HistoryiscomposedofuniqueandnonrepeatingeventsthatmustbeindividuallyanalyzedonthebasisofpubliclyverifiableevidenceD.Thepsychologicalassessmentofanindividual’sbehaviorandattitudesismoreinformativethanthedetailsofhisorherdailylife.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatonewayinwhichtraditionalhistorycanbedistinguishedfrompsychohistoryisthattraditionalhistoryusually .reliesonasingleinterpretationofhumanbehaviortoexplainhistoricaleventsB.interpretshistoricaleventsinsuchawaythattheirspecificnatureistranscendedC.viewspasteventsascomplexandhavingtheirownindividualityD.turnstopsychologicalexplanationsinhistoricalcontextstoaccountforevents11.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?A.Whataresomespecificexamplesoftheuseofpsychohistoryinhistoricalinterpretation?B.When do traditional historians consider psychological explanations of developmentsappropriate?C.Whatsortofhistoricalfigureisbestsuitedforpsychologicalanalysis?D.Whatisthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidencerequiredbytraditionalhistorians?Theauthorofthepassageputstheword“deepest”(Lastquotationmarksmostprobablyinorderto .drawattentiontoacontradictioninthepsychohistorians’methodsignalherreservationsabouttheaccuracyofpsychohistorians’claimfortheirworkemphasizethemajordifferencebetweenthetraditionalhistorians’methodandthatofpsychohistoriansquestiontheusefulnessofpsychohistorians’insightsintotraditionalhistoricalscholarshipPassageFourQuestions13to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Untilrecentlymostastronomersbelievedthatthespacebetweenthegalaxiesinouruniversewasanearperfectvacuum.Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallstars,eachalittlelargerthantheplanetJupiter.Thesestarsvastlyoutnumbertheotherstarsinagivengalaxy.Theamountof“intergalacticrainfall”intosomeofthesegalaxieshasbeenenoughtodoubletheirmassinthetimesincetheyformed.Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.Itiswellknownthatwhengasiscooledataconstantpressureitsvolumedecreases.Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.Thenetresultisacontinuousflowofgas,startingashotgasesinintergalacticspaceandendingasadrizzleofcoolgascalleda“coolingflow ,”fallingintothecentralgalaxy.Afairlyhereticalne1970’thecooling-flowtheorygainedsupportwhenFabianobservedaclusterofgalaxiesintheconstellationPerseusandfoundthecentralgalaxy,NGC1275,tobeastrange-lookingobjectwithirregular,thinstrandsofgasradiatingfromit.Accordingtopreviousspeculation,thesestrandsweregasesthathadbeenblownoutbyan explosioninthegalaxy.Fabian,however,disagreed.BecausethestrandsofgasradiatingfromNGC1275arevisibleinopticalphotographs,Fabiansuggestedthatsuchstrandsconsistednotofgasblownoutofthegalaxybutofcoolingflowsofgasstreaminginward.Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascoolesothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecameemitnotvisiblethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.Fabian’shypothesiswassupposedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin.whereasthegasimmediatelysurrounding NGC 1275(the subject of the photographs)was at one-tenth thistemperature.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto .illustrateahypothesisabouttheoriginofgalaxiesprovideevidencetodisputeanacceptedtheoryabouttheevolutionofgalaxiesC.summarizethestateofandprospectsforresearchinintergalacticastronomyD.reconcileopposingviewsontheformationofintergalacticgasItcanbeinferredfromthepassageFabianiscorrect,gasintheperipheralregionsofagalaxycluster .streamsoutwardintointergalacticspaceiscomposedprimarilyofgasleftoverfromthebigbangishotterthangasinthecentralregionsofthegalaxyexpandstoincreasethesizeofthegalaxyAccordingtothebelievesthatgasflowingintoacentralgalaxyhaswhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?Itisone-tenthhotterthanitwasintheouterregionsofthegalaxyItemitsradiationwithwavelengthsthatchangeasthegasmovestowardthecenterofthegalaxy.ThetotalamountofradiationemitteddiminishesasthegasItcondensesataratemuchslowerthantherateofdecreaseintemperatureasthegasflowsinward.TheauthoroftheprobablymentionsCanizares’determinationinorderto .clarifyanambiguityinFabian’sresearchfindingsillustrateageneralizationaboutthetemperatureofgasinagalaxyclusterC.introduceanewargumentinsupportoftheorthodoxviewofgalaxiesD.providesupportforFabian’sassertionsaboutthePerseusgalaxiesPassageFiveQuestions17to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sincethelate1970’s,inthefaceofaseverelossofmarketshareindozensofindustries,manufacturersintheUnitedStateshavebeentryingtoimproveproductivity—andthereforeenhancetheirinternalcompetitiveness—throughcost-cuttingprograms.(Cost-cuttinghereisdefinedasraisinglaboroutputwhileholdingtheamountoflabor1978through1982,productivity—thevalueofgoodsmanufactureddividedbytheamountoflaborinput—didnotimprove;andwhiletheresultswerebetterinthebusinessupturnofthethreeyearsfollowing,theyran25percentlowerthanproductivityimprovementsduringearlier,post-1945upturns.Atthesametime,itbecameclearthatthehardermanufacturersworkedtoimplementcost-cutting,themoretheylosttheircompetitiveWiththisparadoxinmind,Irecentlyvisited25companies;itbecamecleartomethatthecost-cuttingapproachtoincreasingproductivityisfundamentallyflawed.Manufacturingregularlyobservesa“40,40,20”rule.Roughly40percentofanymanufacturing-basedcompetitiveadvantagederivesfromlong-termchangesinmanufacturingstructure(decisionsaboutthenumber,size,location,andcapacityoffacilities)andinapproachestomaterials.Another40percentcomesfrommajorchangesinequipmentandprocesstechnology.Thefinal20percentrestsonimplementingconventionalruledoesnotimplythatcost-cuttingshouldnotbetried.Thewell-knowntoolsofthisapproach—includingsimplifyingjobsandretrainingemployeestoworksmarter,notharder—donotproduceresults.ButthetoolsquicklyreachthelimitsofwhattheycanAnotherproblemisthatthecost-cuttingapproachhindersinnovationanddiscouragescreativepeople.AsAbernathy’sstudyofautomobilemanufacturershasshown,anindustrycaneasilybecomeprisonerofitsowninvestmentsincost-cuttingtechniques,reducingitsabilitytodevelopnewproducts.Andmanagersunderpressuretomaximizecost-cuttingwillresistinnovationbecausetheyknowthatmorefundamentalchangesinprocessesorsystemswillwreakhavocwiththeresultsonwhichtheyaremeasured.Productionmanagershavealwaysseentheirjobasoneofminimizingcostsandmaximizingoutput.Thisdimensionofperformancehasuntilrecentlysufficedasabasisofevaluation,butithascreatedapenny-pinching,mechanisticcultureinmostfactoriesthathaskeptawaycreativeEverycompanyIknowthathasfreeditselffromtheparadoxhasdoneso,inpart,bydevelopingandimplementingamanufacturingstrategy.Suchastrategyfocusesonthemanufacturingstructureandonequipmentandprocesstechnology.Inonecompanyamanufacturingstrategythatalloweddifferentareasofthefactorytospecializeindifferentmarketsreplacedtheconventionalcost-cuttingthreeyearsthecompanyregaineditscompetitiveadvantage.Togetherwithsuchstrategies,successfulcompaniesarealsoencouragingmanagerstofocusonawidersetofobjectivesbesidescuttingcosts.Thereishopeformanufacturing,butitclearlyrestsonadifferentwayofTheauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith A.comparingpointsofviewB.describinganumberofparadoxesC.recommendingadifferentapproachD.summarizingathesisTheprimaryfunctionofthefirstparagraphofthepassageisto A.presentahistoricalcontextfortheauthor’sobservationsB.clarifysomedisputeddefinitionsofeconomictermsC.summarizeanumberoflong-acceptedexplanationsD.outlineinbrieftheauthor’sargumentTheauthorreferstoAbernathy’sstudymostinorderto A.qualifyanobservationaboutonerulegoverningmanufacturingB.supportanearlierassertionaboutonemethodofincreasingproductivityC.addresspossibleobjectionstoarecommendationaboutimprovingmanufacturingcompetitivenessD.giveanexampleofresearchthathasquestionedthewisdomofrevisingamanufacturingstrategyTheauthorsuggeststhatimplementingconventionalcost-cuttingasawayofincreasingmanufacturingcompetitivenessisastrategythatis .shortsightedanddifficulttosustainB.popularandeasilyaccomplishedC.misunderstoodbutpromisingD.usefulbutinadequateSECTIONⅡVOCABULARY (10points)Directions:Inthissection,therearetwentysentenceswithonewordorphraseunderlinedeach.ChooseoneofthefourchoicesmarkedA ,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then blacken correspondingletterontheAnswerBirdsdonotperspire.Aconstantstreamoffreshairflowsallthroughthebodybymeansoftheairsacs.swarm B.snoozeC.sweat D.sniffBythetimeoftheAmericanRevolutionthereweredailynewspapersinmostcitiesandweekliesinsmallertowns.EachofthemwasunafraidtoengageinintelligentandvehementdebateonpublicoffensiveB.ferventC.intrusivePrimeMinistersAhemandBlairwerecreditedwithplayingkeyrolesinforgingacompromiseagreementNorthernIreland’sProtestantandCatholicpoliticaladversaries.A.opponents B.negotiatorsC.advocates D.arbitratorsEarlyinthecentury,thepioneerphysicistAlbertEinsteinappliedquantummechanicsandstatisticalmechanicstosolidsandpostulatedthebasiclawofA.initiated B.presumedC.enhanced D.modifiedCharleswasasobstinateadespotashis1629hedissolvedtorulebyhimselfA.brutal C.provocative D.stubbornFromtheoutsetofvotinhowevetheelectionsweremarredbyethnicandreligiousviolenceinvariousregionsofthethreatened B.disturbedC.damaged farmerneedsskillsinbasicoperationsdealingwithplantsandnimblepairofcapacityforhardsufficientknowledgeofhisorherspecialareaoffarminginterest.A.agileB.diligentC.superbD.vigorousThecomedyteamoftheMarxBrothersraisedhavoconradiofor30makingfunofthewealthy,pompous,andsociallyrespectable.authoritativeB.notableC.irrational Whenaridershiftshisweightbackwardslightlythehorsewillslowrideruseshisvoicetoencourage,topraise,ortoadmonishhisacclaimB.cautionC.scold D.restrainUntiltelevisionshowcasedfootball,thenumberoffanshadbeensomewhatlimitedbythegame’sshortseasonandtheaccessibilityofcrampedstadiums.A.scatteredB.out-datedC.restrictedD.designatedTheofficialresponsefromtheIsraeligovernmenttowardArafat’sseemingcozinesswiththeradicalleaderswaspredictablyintimacyB.contemptC.humilityNotallvolcanoeshavethemoltenrockjustoozesthroughlongcracksinthedissolvesB.flowsC.hardensForquantumphysicsabeamofagivencoloroflightconsistsofaverylargenumberofquanta.However,itisimpossibletodiscerntheindividuallightquantainaA.conclude B.deduceC.recognize D.regulateTherehavebeenthreemajorcourtrulingsthathavedeterminedpublicpolicytowardobscenematterintheUnitedSernal C.illegitimate D.invalidHitlerconcludeda(n)pactwithJosephStalinoftheSovietremovedthedangerofasecondfront.compromise C.conviction D.treatyUndeniably,theelephantcanbetaughttoperformcertaintasks,butnoonetodayseriouslybelievesthatitreveresthesunandtheexplores B.irritatesC.admires Inthemodernworldtherearecertainactssuchasrapethatarealmostuniversallyregardedasbetrayal C.theft D.fraudSerbofficialsstatedthatfurtheractionagainstBosnianSerbsaccusedofwarcrimeswouldbemetwithretaliationagainstNATOpeacekeepingresistance C.intrusion D.offenseNoahWebster’s‘AmericanSpellingBook’standardizedAmericanspellingandemancipateditfromEnglishspelling.excluded C.elaborated D.liberatedTheSovietBalticstatesdeclaredtheirindependenceintheSovietUnionrefusedtorecognizetheirdeclarationsandcrackeddownonthewaywardfurious C.ignorant D.hostileSECTIONⅢCLOZE(15points)Directions:Thereare15blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Insuchasocietyformerlysimplesolutionstoinformationalneedsbecomecomplicated.Manyoflife’sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarebeyondthe41oftheextendedfamilytoresolve.Wheretoturnforexpertinformationandhowto42whichexpertadvicetoacceptarequestionsfacingmanypeopletoday.43this,thereisthegrowingmobilityofpeoplesinceWorldWarⅡ.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstable44,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,and45ittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyandreliable.Thealmost46ofinformationaboutthesimplestaspectsoflivingcanbecutoff.Thus,thingsoncelearnedsubconsciouslythroughthe47communicationsoftheextendedfamilymustbeconsciouslylearned.Addingtosocietalchangestodayisanenormous48ofinformation.Theindividualnowhasmoreinformationavailablethananygeneration,andthetaskoffindingonepieceofinformation49tohisorherspecificproblemiscomplicated,time-consumingandsometimesevenoverwhelming. 50 withthegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopmentoftechnologieswhichenablethestorageand 51 ofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeen possiblebefore.Telecommunicationsdevelopmentsenablethesendingofmessagesandelectronicmailto52peoplewithmultitudesofhaveextendedthepowerofcommunicationstoreporteventsattheinstantof53.Expertisecanbesharedworldwidethroughteleconferencing,andproblems54disputecanbesettledwithouttheparticipantsleavingtheirhomesand/orjobstotraveltoadistantconference55thesharingofmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationisofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliableupto-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecriticalproblemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilysurviveandsucceed.“Knowledgeispower”maywellbesieandaccesstoinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofall41.A.expectation B.capability C.inclination 42.A.identify B.analyze C.determine D.perceive43.A.Inadditionto B.Inspiteof C.Intermsof D.Inaccordance44.A.association B.society C.league D.community45.A.with B.for C.beyondD.from46.A.unavoidable B.unforeseen C.unconscious 47.A.relative B.casual C.constantD.sociable48.A.volume B.magnitude C.expanse D.stockpile49.A.consistent B.influential C.noteworthy 50.A.Attached B.Coupled C.Initiated D.Conceived51.A.delivery B.access C.reserveD.retrieval52.A.explode B.manifest C.bombardD.demonstrate53.A.emergence B.appearance C.occurrenceD.approach54.A.in B.for C.withD.from55.A.afforded B.contributed C.furnishedD.facilitatedSECTIONⅣERRORIDENTIFICATION (10points)Directions:IneachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourpartsunderlinedandmarkedA,B,CandD.IdentifywhichofthefourpartsisincorrectlyusedandthenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.InviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewwillrequireintheAfutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.TheresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofB Cthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultytofindemploymentwhenDthatagehasbeenattained.NewspapersbothreceiveandrunsomanyadvertisementseachdaythatitisfartoogreatataskA BtocheckeachitemforthehonestyandintegrityoftheirC DAnimportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandsA B Ccanbeexpressedandrespondedbyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy,thismechanismisDprovidedbyapricesystem.IntheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualwiththeAdesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes,whichtogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoB C Dproduceit.Givenallthesebankersseem
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