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Developmentandanalysisofthelarge-spanFRPwovenwebstructureABSTRACT:Aninnovativelarge-spanstructuralsystem,namelytheFRPwovenwebstructure(FRPWWS),isintroducedinthispaper.InanFRPWWS,thehigh-strengthFRPstripsare“woven”likebamboostripsinaChinesebamboomattoformaplaneweb.Theouteredgeofthewebisanchoredonanouterringbeam,andaninnerringbeamisprovidedtoanchortheFRPstripsatthecenteroftheweb.Thestiffnessofthewebtoresistvariousloadsisderivedfromtheinitialprestressingduringthe“weaving”stageandtheadditionaltensioningasaresultoftheout-of-planemovementoftheinnerringbeam.Asaresultofthehighstrength-toweightratioofFRP,thisnewstructuralformoffersanattractiveoptionfortheconstructionofspatialstructureswithspanslongerthanarepossiblewithconventionalstructuralmaterials.Inthispaper,thebasiclayoutandconstructionprocedureforasimpleFRPWWSisfirstpresented.Threebasicweavingpatternsarenextexplained.Severalvariationsofthebasicstructuralsystemarealsoproposed.AsimplemechanicalmodelispresentedforthedeformationofindividualFRPstrips.Resultsfromafiniteelementanalysisofanexamplestructurearealsogiven.TheresultsoftheseanalysesconfirmthefeasibilityoftheFRPWWS.1INTRODUCTIONFRPisanewkindofstructuralmaterial,whoseuseincivilengineeringhasbeenactivelyexploredinrecentyears.Duetoitsfavorablepropertieslikecorrosionresistance,highstrength,lowweight,goodfatigueperformance,andlowmaintenancecost,itisconsideredtobeanidealmaterialforconstructinglong-spanstructuresinthenewcentury.However,itsmechanicalpropertiesaredistinctlydifferentfromthoseoftraditionalstructuralmaterialsinsomeaspects,suchasitsanisotropy.DuetotheuniquepropertiesofFRP,itisnecessarytoexplorenewformsoflarge-spanstructuresforitsefficientuseandforachievingspanslargerthanarepossiblewithtraditionalmaterials.Forexample,Maedaetal.(2002)haveconceiveda5000meter-spansuspensionbridgeusingFRP.TheFRPwovenwebstructure,anewlarge-spanstructuralsystem,ispresentedinthispaper.ThisnewsystemrepresentsanattemptaimedattheefficientutilizationoftheuniquecharacteristicsofFRPinalarge-spanroof.InanFRPWWS,thehighstrengthFRPstripsarewovenlikebamboostripsinaChinesebamboomattoformaplaneweb.Theouteredgeofthewebisanchoredonanouterringbeam,andaninnerringbeamisprovidedtoanchortheFRPstripsatthecenteroftheweb.Asmall-scalemodelofasimpleFRPWWSisshowninFigure1.TheFRPstripsareinitiallyprestressedtoalimitedextenttokeepthemstraightduring“weaving”.Then,theFRPwebistensionedbyadisplacementoftheinnerringbeamintheout-ofplanedirection,whichiseffectedeitherbyasetofprestressedtendonsorbysuspendingaheavymassfromtheinnerringbeam.Asaresult,atensionedFRPweb,whosegeometricstiffnessisabletoresistavarietyofloads,formsalarge-spanroofsystemwiththetworings.TheFRPWWSresemblesthecablenetstructureandthecable-membranestructure:theirmembersareflexible;andthegeometricstiffnessresultingfromtensionisutilizedtoresistloads.However,theFRPWWShasitsuniqueadvantages:(1)theFRPstripsareidealforsuperlarge-spanstructuresduetotheirlowself-weightandtheirsuperiormaterialpropertiesinthelengthwisedirection,whichareefficientlyutilized,whiletheweaknessofinferiorpropertiesinthetransversedirectionsisnotexposed;(2)significantdampingcanbeexpectedtoarisefromfrictionatjointsbetweenFRPstrips,whichcanenhancetheresistanceofthestructuretowindandearthquakeloads;(3)theregularweavingpatternleadstoanaestheticallypleasingsurface;and(4)thecorrosionresistanceofFRPandtheeaseofinstallationbecauseofitslightweighttranslateintolowmaintenancecosts.Inthispaper,thebasiclayoutandconstructionprocedureforasimpleFRPWWSsystemispresentedindetail.Theweavingpatternsinplanearesummarizedintothreetypes.SomespatialFRPWWSformsforpracticalapplicationsarealsoproposed.AsimplemechanicalmodelforindividualFRPstripsinthewebispresented.ResultsfromthefiniteelementanalysisofasimpleFRPWWSarealsodescribed.2LAYOUTOFASIMPLEFRPWWSAsimpleFRPwovenwebstructureiscomposedofaFRPwovenweb,anouterringbeamandaninnerringbeamforanchorage,andanadditionalweightorasetofprestressedtendons,asshowninFigure1.ThewebiswovenwithFRPstrips,andCFRPstripsorotherhigh-performancehybridFRPstripsaresuggested.CFRPstrips,whichhavebeenwidelyusedtostrengthenconcretestructuresinrecentyears,aremanufacturedbypultrusioningeneral,withafibervolumeratioofabout65%.ThepropertiesoftworepresentativeproductsmadeinChinaandSwitzerlandrespectivelyarelistedinTable1.Thestripscanbecurvedandcircumvolutedduetotheirsmallthickness.AtypicalCFRPstripwithpropertiessimilartothoseshowninTable1isabletoresistatensileforceof400kNormore,whiletheweightofa300mlongstripislessthan70kg.Incomparison,theselfweightofa300mlonghighstrengthsteelcablewhichcanresistthesameloadismorethan500kg.Thestripsarearrangedintoaplanesurfaceofasuitablepatternbysomepre-definedrules.Inthesimplestweavingpattern,eachstrippassesoveronecrossingstripandunderthenexttoformaweblikeawovenfabric.ApartofsuchwebisshowninFigure2(Pongetal.2004).Inamoregeneralcase,thenumberofstripsmeetingatajointandtheanglesbetweenthesestripsarethebasicparametersofaweavingpattern:twostripsat90°toeachotherareshowninFig.3(a),threestripsat60°showninFig.3(b),andfourstripsat45°showninFig.3(c).Atthejoints,stripscanbefullyinter-connectedbyadhesivebondingaftercompleteshapeformationorleftunbondedsothatslidingbetweenstripsisallowed.Inthelattercase,thestaticfrictionbetweenstripscancontributetothestiffnessunderstaticloadingwhiletheslidingfrictioncanconsumethekineticenergyofthestructureunderdynamicloading.3CONSTRUCTIONOFSIMPLEFRPWWSFollowingthefiveconstructionstepsasshowninFigure4,asimplestFRPWWScanbecompleted.First,theouterandinnerringbeamsontemporarysupportsareconstructed.Ingeneral,theouterringbeamisincompressionandtheinneroneisintensionwhenthewebisinplace.Theouterringbeamismadeofreinforcedconcretewhiletheinnerringbeamismadeofsteel.ThewebwhichiswovenwithFRPstripsisnextfixedontotheringbeamswithhingejointsandprovidedwithsomeinitialtensiontoformaplanesurface.AtentativehingejointschemebetweenthestripandtheringbeamisshowninFigure5,wherethestripistightlyclampedbetweentwostiffplates.Theweavingofthestripsshouldfollowtherulesofaspecifiedweavingpatternwhichshouldhavebeendesignedbythestructuralengineerandthearchitecttogether.WeavingcanbecarriedouteasilyduetothelightweightandsmallthicknessofFRPstrips.Thetemporarysupportstotheinnerringbeamarenowwithdrawnandtheinnerringbeammovesintheout-of-planedirectionbyitsself-weightplusanadditionalweightwherenecessary.Thisout-of-planedisplacementoftheinnerringbeamcanalsobeeffectedbyasetofhighstrengthtendons.Theinstallationoftheseprestressedtendonscompletestheconstructionprocess.Accordingtoforcedecomposition,asmallout-of-planeforcecausesalargein-planecomponentandenablesthewebtobetensioned,leadingtoawebofsufficientstiffnesstoresistvariousloads.4MORECOMPLEXFORMSOFTHEFRPWWS4.1Basicplaneweavingpatterns鸦The晨FRP炎web捉ist托hem胃ain币comp粮onen印tin纹the肿FRP掌WWS彩syst枯em.妹Vari碍ous睛weav户ing稿patt训erns的can释be步adop淘ted埋for宵the丝init弹ial减plan隙ewe劝b,w晴hich致wil火lre斤sult双in撒diff介eren滩tme朴chan昨ical芹beh悉avio智r.T杨hey长may泼bec掠lass晴ifie秃din闪tot秒hef地ollo职wing唯thr狡eet搭ypes到:ti倚led艺patt圆erns度,ra执diat循edp吉atte倍rns渣and成poly贞gona坑lpa托tter餐ns.退Awe叨bwe喇avin生gpa茎tter小nth甩ati字sin培depe斜nden迎tof搬the调bou闭ndar学ies参isr论efer州red间toa功sa习tile茶dpa走tter狂nas武sho孔wni筋nFi取gure劳6.绵The箭radi去ated润pat边tern凳and晚the脚pol备ygon昨alp皆atte也rna鸭reb身oth苗made仁up悲ofa垒num口ber脉ofr畏epea肾ted爽sets呆,ea商cho架fwh抖ich浑isc齿ompo过sed误ofa比num同ber鸦ofl坏ine稳segm顶ents控.So追mee域xamp蝇les怀oft择hese置two甘typ抱esa刻res迎hown纲in娱Figu父res设7an添d8煌resp幸ecti器vely像.An鱼ypa雨tter值nof舱the胳set已wot售ypes味has洲its枣own露def恰inin凉gru移les.溉In惨prac悼tice泪,th幅ese拨thre哥ety浆pes旦ofw旨eavi隔ngp全atte垂rns骗may粱bec栽ombi钩ned轻wher惊eap盏prop见riat阁ein告an组FRPW茂WSs仔yste浸m.谢4.2六Spat裁iall抵ycu暮rved粉out崭err惨ing墓beam梦Ina克rea疫lst捎ruct造ure,轧as但pati并ally臣-cur搭ved沫oute瞧rri搞ngb践eam劫may蜡bea锡dopt旧edt直oac抖hiev断ea列more腰app座eali符ngb巨uild魂ing颤shap锹e.I具fth春eou债ter飞edge戚of枪the吸FRP夺web舱isa揉ncho物red胁onto拍suc狂ha川ring浓bea崇m,t拍hes联trip弊sca爽nfo尼rma商smo冈oth泰curv习eds互urfa往cei浪nsp孙ace,肺as括show烘nin须Fig卷ure斯9.T嫩hes戚hape庆is哲that同of臭api鞭ece答ofs物tres逼sed绩clot众hpl岔aced穷on摘the宜curv补edb旁eam.艰Bec敢ause抚the绑web符is跳comp截osed初of蛋indi借vidu翅als章trip色s,i电tof政fers况gre粪atf舰lexi族bili可tyi耗nfo权rmin碰ga撤curv顾eds弃urfa意cew缩ith陪good怕mec筑hani赠cal衣beha腔vior根.握4.3敢Doub改lew视ebs祝yste拐m炒The堂load怜car惰ryin威gca绞paci毒tyo近fan裁FRP另WWS鸽ism透ainl爪ypr验ovid终edb门yit劫sge身omet捐ric元stif敌fnes遮sde物rive州dfr贿omt天het苹ensi肆lef倾orce品sin硬the旧FRP兔str稳ips.副The妇str基ips膜are赴pres抬tres言sed绘int悠wos屈teps堡:in渠itia坦lpr含estr眯essi哈ngi幸npl弓ane迁befo笨rea望ncho主rage滩to汁the越ring慎bea腿msa梨nds然econ怎dsta狭gep宫rest忠ress帜ing播thro死ugh便the除out-疗of-p猜lane望mov叔emen日tof免沉the侄inne算rri扭ngb素eam.拾The薪for君mer倡isa悼ppli沉edt羞oea构chs州trip骂one偏by引one,弓to嘉achi寄eve梅apl讨ane幼web围surf适ace肠and管toc译ontr玩olt斯het耍otal太dis淘plac坚emen沈t.T吵hel舰atte蔬ris猜app商lied里to驰shap烘eth贵ewe铅ban项dto泊ach刷ieve骗ap逐rede待fine红dst质ress朝lev狠el,挨whic健hca陡nbe负rea补lize妄din坝man律ydi谷ffer芹ent煤ways兄,in液clud铅ing苗the环use骆ofp均rest沉ress洞edt形endo掀nsa粘sme喇ntio袖ned班earl讯ier,饶upl焦ifti仅ngw菊ith舞ast尊ayc蹈olum煤nan荷da演hung贸hea撤vyw厅eigh惹ton怕the英inn折err浅ing它beam嘴,wh浊ich岭may波ber诱etra煎ctab陆ler造oof侮equi昨pmen羽t.A看nal培tern县ativ进eto蹦the酷abo晓vea拾ppro陆ache安sis售to贞form检two彩web记s,w圣hose套inn当err啄ing延beam嫩sar汽eth虎enp毯ulle拢dto逃geth竟ero旁rpu达shed芳apa井rtt距oin长duce系ten扇sile健for刊ces倘int弊hes扣trip选s.S伐uch萄ado查uble椒-web编str输uctu因rei讲sil止lust浇rate狼din弄Fig弯ure虾10.迁Figu驱re1劲0(a)就sho摔wsa长sau仔cer-啊shap瓣edF烘RPWW律Sac鞭hiev素edb暖ypu尿shin吗gap扫art联the聚two娘inne详rri赵ngb宽eams矛,wh吐ile询Figu联re1庸0(b)粒sho块wsa谅but坏terf屯lys遍hape恰dFR嗽PWWS拒ach淹ieve桶dby贝pul全ling莫tog页ethe幼rth滔etw颤ori快ngb锹eams稳.诉4.4漆FRPW摸WSw概ith强mult花iple旧rin抱gbe等ams离Ther杏ear礼eon丸lyt捎wor尘ing症beam时sin贸as搜impl岁eFR碌PWWS同.If猫mor切eri皱ngb亩eams黎are克use午das售sho剧wni伸nFi灵gure而11,库al江arge迷web拥wil至lbe伸div姨ided帆int我ose昏vera蓄lsh秆orte庸rsp企ans.型The狡dif成ficu美lty鸽ofc诵onst馒ruct受ion旗and率desi匠gnw间ill锈decr关ease现as蹈the车leng瓜tho胃fco婆ntin粗uous荷FRP吗str径ips午beco段mes戚smal跑ler.烂If袜ado搜uble超-web给sys超tem怪isp贤rovi跃ded雀with贤man欺yri锣ngb马eams趁,a通fold常ed-w庆ebs谜yste财mre聪sult棚s(F计igur狸e12成).劫The稠abov徐ear糖eju浅sts佳ome姨poss帖ible竭var伙iati猴ons悦oft努heb滔asic丙FRP仇WWS.燃In御prac艇tica匠lap治plic晓atio龄ns,繁many屯oth不erf许orms老/sha距pes反can微bee甲xplo翁red.钥The炎FRP辛WWS必may害also就be盗comb查ined戒wit形hot哑her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例ums恰tres辛sin捷the万FRP息str存ips晶is1持542M昌Pa,甚whic鲜his子abo气ut8得5.7%浸of涂the卖desi范gns狸tres巾s.T便hes傻truc夫ture龙is屠thus胀str独ong窜enou配ght国ore热sist仿thi崭slo芹adin躁g.唯6CO秒NCLU列SION抚S奥The耀FRP将wove展nwe蜓bst难ruct弯ure悠(FRP办WWS)姨,wh寻ichr尼epre饭sent庙sa玻new惹appl唯icat井ion乱ofF扩RPi事nlo蝇ng-s安pan钩stru雹ctur捞es,询has嘱been三pre做sent扬edi陈nth需isp定aper帝.Th规eke僻yas烘pect粗sof佛thi蓬sne演wsy兄stem医are届lis络ted涂belo已w.淹I.挺The弃FRP涌wove起nwe司b,t毯her此ing场beam罪san江dth漂eou偿t-of个-pla盗net监ensi价ons分yste辣mar菜eth另eba毙sic惨comp适onen话tso叫fth山eFR充PWWS降.电ii.被Ther葱ear寺efi满vec胆onst但ruct视ion宅step蛙sfo掏ra灿simp宋leF精RPWW困Sas嫩ill蔽ustr汇ated访in融Figu阶re4趁.案iii.伤The婚pla玉new瑞eavi狐ngp橡atte拌rns那can滚bes益umma椅rize续din赏tot堆hree尺typ填es:稼tile种dpa拣tter摄ns,驱radi扶ated骑pat饺tern塑san侍dpo弟lygo菠nal矛patt抬erns麻.翅iv.补Fol仅lowi舌ngt赤hes征ame胀basi创cpr桑inci斜ple,遭man沿ydi院ffer牵ent甲form欣sca堡nbe就con母stru呢cted泳.Th壳epa为per益has联disc拢usse尤dse逢vera期lsu阅chp氏ossi土bili草ties今,in糖clud茎ing知the嗽use限ofa叨spa君tial群lyc霞urve毒dou窜ter浴ring词bea锻m,t龄hed撞oubl迫e-we平bsy炮stem肃and齿sys起tems脂wit泥hmu占ltip旅ler面ing掠beam北s.荐v.通An摔FRPW卧WSe斜xper剃ienc捆est振hree遍dis巡tinc兄tst喘ress辱sta忽tes:宁the留ini隐tial唤pre健stre主ssed递sta围te,唉the毅out-垃of-p央lane仍ten秒sion饼eds帐tate辫and宁the眠ser潮vice熔loa竿ding绿sta采te,寻all遣ofw辨hich数sho否uld杂bec毫onsi木dere前din慰des妙ign.仇7AC为KNOW欠LEDG借EMEN注TS运The腥auth畜ors龟are坐grat芹eful励to报the健Natu络ral吐Scie雪nce梯Foun杆dati申ono外fCh捆ina嫁for仆thei掀rsu店ppor与tto收the疼res崭earc符hpr号esen学ted酱here权thr脑ough龟an友atio奥nal牙key谨proj灶ect森ont符he百appl岛icat械ion拘ofF缎RPc病ompo押site市sin吃civ砍ile究ngin怠eeri符ngi退nCh捏ina咳(Pro坚ject量No.膜502火3803戴0)a鸣ndt狠hrou酸ght撕heJ沸oint森Res乡earc景hFu征ndf袄orH兔ong协Kong徐and唇Mac秃aoY嗓oung呀Sch镰olar匪s(P款roje雪ctN挡o.5管0329筐802)灭.亩REFE宪RENC诸ES仔ANSY辱S,I灵nc.担2000涝.霸ANSY铁SUs贫e打r勿’放sMa姓nual叼.某Maed摆a,K庄.,I谁keda胆,T.古,Na共kamu抬ra,执H.,蛛Maha腊rish江i,S运.20短02.算Feas陆ibil璃ity吓ofu斥ltra纹lon向g-sp比ans爽uspe吐nsio番nbr绿idge师sma猛deo最fal忍lpl蹲asti挎cs.丈Proc会eedi精ngs抚ofI睡ABSE馅Sym需posi己um(刚CD-R批OM),室Mel泻bour扒ne,查Aust劝rali柱a,2匠002烤.偶Pong炸,X.剪Q.,级Cao,伐J.,糕Che豆n,J稍.,D浆ue,辈P.,钟Lust击ier,霞D.S拨.,L挪iu,匪L.2阁004.奇雁Expe趟rime怎ntal卖and赢num笼eric搞ala爷naly衡sis猛onn揉orma饮liza慰tion耀of眨pict锅ure奸fram典ete葱sts珠for至comp锻osit佩ema瞒teri延als.遵块Comp锄osit租esS魄cien守cea肤ndT来echn浑olog往y糟64蚕(爸1):1亭1-21誓.She苦nS.受Z.,承CSU,顾C.B富.,Z纵hao,奏C.堵1997狸.疯Cabl窜e-su次spen笼ded疫stru征ctur成ede穴sign皆.陵Beij灰ing:驾Chi厚naB堡uild雕ing胜Indu横stry赵Pre横ss.柳(In牺Chin躺ese)仪大跨度球FRP辨网架结构站的展望和栏分析昼摘要：本暑文将会介亚绍一种新挡的大跨度伞结构唱，骄FR槽P辈织网结构歇。在一效个缸FRPW驰W炕S件结构中，寸高强度宣的码FR冤P傲材料条像夜中国竹席挑中的竹片口一样被编范织在一起个形成一个杀平面网，孕这个网状宣结构的外件围锚固在汪一个圈形敢的梁上，凡结构的中释心处还有棚一个用于交锚固织网约的内圈梁弹。织网结岸构靠编织观生产时的胆初步预施芝加应力和份内圈梁面适外运动引沈起的附加路张力调整普来抵抗遇墙到的各类禽荷载。由刊于集FR永P办材料的具边有较高的拔材煮料猎-露重量比，愁这种全新铸的结构形例式为一些抓大跨度的职空间建设奴提供了一闷种具有吸伙引力的选哀择方案，坦该跨度长对于用常规花结构材料块建筑的跨艇度。在本涛文中，首炕先介绍了椅简单而的会FRPW名W小S折结构的基筒本布局和觉施工步骤范，接着阐芦明了三种删基本的织振造结构，磁同时也提前出了此类贞结构方式溪的几种变河化。文中驾介绍了一耻个简单的广力学模型贼用于单个完的低FR其P被条力学变补形，也给丛出了一个畜实例结构带的有限元迁分析的过穷程。1引言翼FR明P朱是一种新本型的结构枕材料，近财年来在土混木工程中际的研究很突活跃。由挪于他具有其一些良好录的性能，凑如抗腐蚀仰，重量轻泪，强度高斯，抗疲劳悼性好以及侄维修费用倦低，它被纸认为是在鉴新世纪建串造大跨度灯结构的理淹想建材，套但是它在甩某些方面冤的机械性厚能与那些检传统的结症构材料还欧是有明显第的区别，仁譬如它的珠各项异性拐现象。由泡于廉FR坏P约材料的独顽特性，为嚼了浅FR辩P违材料的有重效使用以锣及获得传佳统建材所直不能及的恭跨度，有期必要研究反新型的大密跨度结构循。蓝Maed愧aet纹al.搭(200公2冶)冠就设想了惩用兽FR跃P闻材料建造涌跨脾度阿500汁0竿米的悬索瞧桥。各本文提出拳了特FR卸P剖织网结构置结构，一酬种全新的渣大跨度结枪构形式。花这种新的诚结构形式钓旨在试图精在一个大吹跨度的屋痰顶中有效川利巨用标FR喝P宏材料的性伏能。在弦FRPW尝W怒S聚结构中，困高强必度害FR徐P闷编制像中哑国传统竹智席中的竹炭片一样被迫编织成一悦个平面网患状结构。屈这个网状刑结构的外感沿锚固在姐外圈梁上设，结构的旗中心处还显有一个较阵小的内圈任梁用于锚越固织带。疫图困1郊所示既是接一个小纺型狭FRPW符W妈S项结构模型渣。为保证昆进日行铃“胆编鸡织巴”提时程FR屈P耻材料条的有平直，首枯先要促对宋FR梢P卖编织条施膛加一定程亮度的预应秒力。然后紧，通过内兵圈梁的面就外移动来辱拉施动逮FR宗P悠织网，施饱加预应力用的过程可煤以通过预股应力筋拉倚伸或在内湿圈梁设一休定的重力亏来达成刑。歪曾因此，受撕拉培的活FR馅P云网形成了惕一个带有沉两个圈梁系的大跨屋朗面，对该目FR沾P油网的集合头刚度能抵储抗各种荷角载。麻FRPW招W堵S跌结构类似漠于索网或悦索网膜结姐构：他们袜的构成部嘉分是灵活凳多变的；肠并且靠拉号伸引起的裂几何刚度弯来抵抗各紧种荷载。俯然而款，羡FRPW迅W闹S材结构有其岗独特的优躺点：计（没1鬼）等FR急P朗材料自重尼低且纵向乔上优越的趟材料性能工被有效利话用，而横痰向上的弱哲点却没有句暴露出来吹，因此在然超大跨度撒的结构承中贼FR芳P晴系统是理辈想的；趣（足2忽）丝FR政P沿编条的交傲汇处会产宝生巨大的禾阻尼，从泳而加强结爹构抗风抗滚震能力；惹（勿3悉）有规则罢的织网造摸型会使表狂面比较美迈观；族（书4历）耐腐蚀水并且由于嫌自重小安符装和维护双成本低。谢本文详细轻介绍了一企个简单彩的武FRPW旱WS疯准结构的基佩本布局和拜施工步骤恩。织网的朱平面被大叼致的归为籍三类。同奸时提出了扰一些实际通应用的空磁间胸FRPW欣W赞S畏的例子。罚提出了一耀个用于网惕中单专一侄FR默P尊条的力学庸模型。最涌后描述了渐有限元法耽分析一个罢简惹易译FRPW家W战S叨的例子的臂结论。端2奴简染单承FRPW介W熄S翻的布局在一个简易柄的寻FR忠P杀织网结构贞包括一孟张疯FR葡P处编织网、挥用于锚固赏的外环梁行和内环梁咏还有一个果用于张紧非的额外重级力荷载或奉一组被施滨加预应力缠的筋，如炉图一所示牢。摔网是制由埋FR初P灭条编织成辞的，也客梢人推荐使伐用碳纤蚁维酷FR壮P私或其他的滩高性能混狱杂纤维类显编织条。未碳纤物维停FR膏P因是近年来罪被广泛应自用于高强沙度混凝土肌结构的新壮型材料，雪它通常由园挤压制造描，含纤维啦比例达身到鸟65迈%重。由中国桃和瑞士生政产的两类避代表产品狼繁荣性能飞资料可见就表扎1累。研编织条材苗料由于密浆度小而易覆被弯曲和活盘绕。一使根标准的疗性能如趴表汁1呜相似的碳磁纤晒维罩FR般P鸣材料可以霜承受大于祝等棚于产400K僻N励的拉力，掩同时一膊根勉300盏m烛长的这种讨长条重量白少给于岗70k究g叠。作为对兴比同等强鞭度挠的衣300愉m厉钢缆自重渴已经超斩过浩500k剧g联了。帽这些编织锣条按一定荣的间距被吊编排在一挨个合适形傍式的平面捏上。最简另易的编织乎方法之一议就是一根胶带子与经炸过的垂直坊的其他带仍子上下交毕错，来制握造一个像锻织物一样瓣的网面。路这种类型休的织网结呜构的部分干截图可参毁看巷图嚷2铜。但大部威分情况下跨，编织条肺在交叉点燃处的数量参和互相之剃间的角度求，才是衡辩量织网样月式的主要蛋标准；每吓两根织带天以净90先°益相交如狠图棒3残（炭a级）所示，辱三条织带币在一点川呈余60玉°顾相交如杨图烫3捞（肆b效）所示，党还有爷图赞3颠（均c监）所示的暗四条织带逝的圣45痕°税相交。在叼交叉点处吗，当完全仆成型后可穗用附着粘配合出使筋FR奥P填条全部互送交或不进勿行粘合使会其相互之基间可以可绍以自由滑用动。在后缴面的例子塘里，会介丈绍编织条粉之间的静潜摩擦有助辉于静荷载存下的刚度嫌而滑动摩江擦可消耗凡动态荷载螺下的结构近动能。在3错简叮易自FRPW匙W居S速的施工倚照委图犯4炊所介绍的言五个步骤卸，可以完伶成一个最辜简易莫的日FRPW弄W遣S获结构。鹿首先，要款建造好临闭时固定支湿架上的内巩环梁。一怒般情况下椒，外环梁愤受压力而钻内环梁受宁拉力（再倒编织网膜乌的过程中俘）。外环茅梁通常是宝钢筋混凝帐土的而内浩环梁是钢峰结构的。喷尔后哨，持FR其P劫编织成的猎网膜通过霉铰接点与绒环行梁连熟接起来并晃通过施加差一些初始齐应力使其纽形成一个烟扁平的形蹈状。图五和所示的就飞是编织条湖与闸环行梁进断行临时性聚铰接的状蜓况，编织镇条由两块主刚性板牢抗固地夹住昨了。编织哲带应遵循紫指定的编陆织方案来采进行编织怜，这通常冠由结构工特程师和建贵筑设计师针共同确定埋。由半于窑FR紧P桂条重量轻逝厚度小，午进行编织昌时的过程淋非常简单漂。当撤去阔内环梁的荷临时支撑访时内环梁裙因自重向赔网面平面敏外方向下普坠，如果喊必要的话伴还能在此田基础上再欠加额外的多荷载。内宫圈梁的这由种垂直于鲁网面的位纽移还可以炼通过在内柴圈上作用拆一组强劲厕的拉力来歪达成，这山些预应力酱施加完成谢后既告整尊个结构的负完成。根庸据力的分宰解原理，收在垂直于与网膜方向躁上的一小缘点力在平页面内沿织部条可以形阿成一个很尿大的力使傻网带可以拖受拉，最滤终使网面眼有足够的隆刚性来承上担荷载。房4筑几种更为乡复杂组的自FRPW啊W格S麻形式宾4腾．听1谦基本的扁惰平织网形渠式携FR虏P私网膜得是加FRPW越W筋S蔽结构中最碑主要的部碗分。最初筑在织网中或有多种形踢式可供选君择，这将雁会导致不诊同的力学做性能。具驱体可分为口以下三种壤：瓦片模茄式、辐射蓄模式和多踢边形模式捉。烛图楼6凤所示的是转瓦片模式冈，其有明混显的分界筒线尤如铺昼好的瓷砖降一样。辐争射型和多笛边形射线搬的编织形搅式都由许批多重复的敢编织带组榜制成，没蚊组都由一杏些线段组坊成。挠图论7也和悬图烈8要分别显示诱了这两种寺类型的一春些例子。泳这两种模堡式都有自控己的界定盐规则。在形实践中，牙一旗个雾FRPW掀W诚S吊结构可能禾会兼有这纯三种类型与的综合运畅用。贸4侨．倦2蓬兔空间弯曲狱的外环梁塘在一个实违际的结构之中，为了须制作成空采间弯曲的寻外环梁及薄有感染力边的空间结敢构可能会能采纳外圈棍梁的弯曲卖变形形式接。如同果圆FR艇P万网的外层啊锚固在这责样一个环僚梁上，编惕织条能在灿空间形成洞一个光滑吉曲面，如蜂图趟9商所示的那叹样。形状均就像一块衬绑在曲梁正上的应力胃布。由于竿网膜由许挥多的单个璃线条组成贼，它在保滤证有呢良好的力炭学性能的倘前提下使垂曲面的成窗型具有很宫大的灵活奴性。穷4毒．汪3落芽双重网膜读结构老FRPW悲W刃S恳结构的承割载能力主让要来源船于溪FR垫P加编织条的事拉应力产紫生的几何隶刚度。编挥织条的预拿拉分为两问个步骤：林在锚固的边环形梁之众间的平面声内初始预予加拉力和消第二阶段档内圈梁相叮对于外圈价梁的纵向启位移产生尿的预拉应努力。前者惭是对编织望条一个一票个进行的退，实现了硬网膜的平绞整并整体超控制位移盖。后者适与用于形成阔网膜并达秀到预定的汪应力水平执，其中有民多种不同恭的方式，宇包括如前忙所述的使欺用预应力意筋，用一生支撑圆柱布撑起或在慎内环梁上乎悬一重物远，可以制歉成屋顶可吗收缩的结侵构。一种腰替代上述洒方案的方元法是形成俭两层网膜乐，它们的饰内环梁或粥受拉或受丸压为编织扎条提供拉张应力。这炼种类型的捞双网膜结拔构在图染示雪1另0姐中所示。拘图讨1侄0耕（窃a发）所示的汉是一个杯宴碟形鱼的菊FRPW网W续S绸结构，其三由两个内帅圈梁向外国挎大的形错式，陆图挎1们0私（莫b狗）示一蝴便蝶形结构娱，由两内老圈梁受拉阿构成。秘4晌．厦4趁先多环梁型果的狮FRPW胀W咏S漏结构瑞疮一个简单胆的求FRPW庄W循S宽结构中只墓有两个环历梁。如果凝要使用更啊多如植图槐1