2021届广东省佛山市高三第三次教学质量检测英语试题(解析版)

广东省佛山市顺德区2021届高三第三次教学质量检测英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummerCampsinAmericaMaineCampExperienceBelgradeLakes,MainePhone：1-877-926-2463AtMaineCampExperience,kidsconnectwithnature.Kidshavefun,makelifelongfriendships,learnnewskillsandachieveindependence.Thecampsprovidesailing,swimming,soccer,softball,tennis,volleyball,wakeboarding,waterskiing,yoga,etc.CampersofthesummerprogramsarewelcometoourwinterprogramsinSanPedro,Belize.CampPoconoTrailsReaders,PennsylvaniaPhone：800-365-0556CampPoconoTrailsisahealthcampforkids,teens,youngadultsandfamilies.Weoffercookingclasses,basketball,football,boating,fitnesstraining,drama,arts,danceandfieldtripstoNYC.Camperscomebackeachyeartohavefun,reconnectwithfriendsandkeeptheprogresstheyhavemade.Ifyou'dliketodiscussyourlong-termhealthgoals,orevenifyoujustwanttolearnhowtofeelbetter,giveusacalltoday.PierceCampBirchmontWolfeboro,NewHampshirePhone：516-621-5035PierceCampBirchmontwasfoundedbythePiercefamilyin1951andthreegenerationsofthePiercefamilyhaveownedanddirectedthecampeversince.Asatraditionalsummercamp,PierceCampBirchmontoffersover40activitiessuchasartsandcrafts,fishing,football,gardening,golf,hiking,horsebackriding,etc.RollingRiverDayCampEastRockaway,NewYorkPhone：516-593-2267Since1993,RRDChasprovidedchildrenwithgreatcampexperiences.RollingRiverisaone-daycampthatisownedandrunbyalocalfamily.DirectorsRhondaGoodmanandMarkGoodmanandtheirthreechildrenhavecreatedinnovativeprograms.Excitingeventssuchashiphopnights,fallfestivalsandholidaycampsconnectfamilieswithRRDC.1.WhatcankidsdoatMaineCampExperience?A.Trywatersports. B.Playwithsportsstars.C.Havefunwithparents. D.Joinwinterprogramsforfree.2.Whichnumbershouldpeoplecalliftheywanttolearncuisine?A.1-877-926-2463. B.800-365-0556.C.516-621-5035. D.516-593-2267.3.WhatdoPierceCampBirchmontandRollingRiverDayCamphaveincommon?A.Botharedaycamps. B.Botharelong-termcamps.C.Botharetraditionalcamps. D.Botharefamily-runcamps.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了四个不同种类的露营信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由MaineCampExperience下的“Thecampsprovidesailing,swimming,soccer,softball,tennis,volleyball,wakeboarding,waterskiing,yoga,etc.”（夏令营提供帆船、游泳、足球、垒球、网球、排球、水上滑板、滑水、瑜伽等。），可知在MaineCampExperience孩子们可以试试水上运动，比如帆船、游泳、水上滑板、滑水。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由CampPoconoTrails下的“Weoffercookingclasses,basketball,football,boating,fitnesstraining,drama,arts,danceandfieldtripstoNYC.”（我们提供烹饪课程、篮球、足球、划船、健身训练、戏剧、艺术、舞蹈和到纽约的实地考察。）和“Phone：800-365-0556”（电话：800-365-0556），可知在CampPoconoTrails人们可以学习烹饪课程，你可以拨打电话800-365-0556。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由PierceCampBirchmont下的“PierceCampBirchmontwasfoundedbythePiercefamilyin1951andthreegenerationsofthePiercefamilyhaveownedanddirectedthecampeversince.”（PierceCampBirchmont由皮尔斯家族成立于1951年，皮尔斯家族的三代人拥有和运营营地至今。）和RollingRiverDayCamp下的“RollingRiverisaone-daycampthatisownedandrunbyalocalfamily.”（RollingRiver是一个由当地家庭拥有和经营的为期一天的营地。），可知PierceCampBirchmont和RollingRiverDayCamp都是家庭经营的营地。选D项。BItcanbeeasytobrushoffcertaineventsassmallmattersthatdon’trequireattention—butwhenthesafetyofdozensofairplanepassengerswasonthetine,thisNASAengineerdecidedtospeakup.RumaashaMaashawaspreparingtoflyfromHuntsvilletoColoradobackinJanuarywhenhespottedaliquidleakfromhiswindowseatonthewing.“Normally,ifit’sawetday,you’llseevortices(旋涡)offthewing.About1,000feetofftheground,Istartedseeingsomethingwhiteandthought,‘maybewe’rejusthittingsomehumidity(湿气).’Well,afterawhileitwasstilldoingit,andthat’swhenIknewsomethingwasup.Ilookedcloserandimmediatelyrealizedthatwewerelosingfuel.”Maashaalsoknewthatastheplaneincreasedinaltitude,thesituationwouldgotworse.“Igesturedtheflightattendanttocomeoverandfortunatelyshewasveryattentive,”hesaid.“Shecalledthecrewandthekeythingisthatshedidthisaswewerestillclimbingout.Withinaminuteortwo,theyreducedspeedandleveledoff.Thefuelleakdiminishedimmediatelywhentheysloweddown.”Muchtotheangerofthepassengers,theplanereturnedtotheHuntsvilleairport,butuponfindingoutthereasonforthereturn—andtheherobehindit—someofthepassengersmadefriendswithMaasha.Maasha’sexperiencewithNASAwasn’ttheonlythingthatcameinhandythatday,theengineerfirstfellinlovewithaviation(航空)asateenagergrowingupnearanairportinMonrovia,Liberia.“Lookingback,IguessIhadtheperfectsetsofcircumstancestorecognizetheissuethatday,”hesaid.“SinceIwasakid,I’vealwaystriedtositinawindowseatnearthewing,andasIgrewup,Iamdeterminedtorunaftermydreamduringmyuniversityyears.That’snotthefirsttimeI’venoticedsomething.I’msureitwon’tbethelast.”4.WhendidMaasharealizesomethingwentwrong?A.Beforetheplanestartedtofly.B.Whenthewhitethingcontinuedtoleak.C.Afterhesettledonhiswindowseat.D.Whenhefirstnoticedtheliquid.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminished”meaninparagraph4?A.Worsened. B.Decreased. C.Occurred. D.Continued.6.WhatplayedamajorroleinMaasha’sbraveaction?A.Hisbirthplaceandhomelocation.B.Hisuniversityyearsandhonesty.C.Hischildhoodeducationandseatchoice.D.Hisworkingexperienceandpersonalinterest.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AChildhoodDreamHasComeTrueB.FluidLeakingHappenedtoaJetC.ANASAEngineerSavedPassengersD.PassengersFeelGratefultoanEngineer【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了美国宇航局的工程师Maasha凭借自己的工作经验和个人兴趣，发现了飞机燃料渗漏的问题，拯救了几十名飞机乘客的生命。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句““Normally,ifit’sawetday,you’llseevortices(旋涡)offthewing.About1,000feetofftheground,Istartedseeingsomethingwhiteandthought,‘maybewe’rejusthittingsomehumidity(湿气).’Well,afterawhileitwasstilldoingit,andthat’swhenIknewsomethingwasup.Ilookedcloserandimmediatelyrealizedthatwewerelosingfuel.””（“通常，如果天气潮湿，你会看到机翼上的漩涡。在离地面1000英尺的地方，我开始看到一些白色的东西，心想，‘也许我们只是碰到了一些湿气。’好吧，过了一段时间，白色的东西仍在渗漏，我就知道出事了。我离近了看，立刻意识到我们正在失去燃料。”）可知，Maasha起初发现有白色的东西渗漏时，并没在意，但过了一段时间后，他发现白色的东西仍在渗漏时，他意识到出事了。由此可知，当白色的东西继续渗漏的时候，Maasha意识到出了问题。故选B项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线单词上段最后一句“Maashaalsoknewthatastheplaneincreasedinaltitude,thesituationwouldgotworse.”（Maasha也知道，随着飞机高度的增加，情况会变得更糟。）可知，随着飞机高度的增加，燃料渗漏的情况会变得更糟。根据画线单词所在句上句“Withinaminuteortwo,theyreducedspeedandleveledoff.”（不到一两分钟，他们就减速平稳下来。）可知，飞机开始减速飞行，平稳下来，这时燃料渗漏应该减少了，再结合后文可知，飞机安全着陆，由此可知，空格所在句表示的是“当他们减速时，燃料泄漏立即减少了。”，所以才能安全着陆，“Decreased”意为“减少”，符合句意。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Maasha’sexperiencewithNASAwasn’ttheonlythingthatcameinhandythatday,theengineerfirstfellinlovewithaviation(航空)asateenagergrowingupnearanairportinMonrovia,Liberia.“Lookingback,IguessIhadtheperfectsetsofcircumstancestorecognizetheissuethatday,”hesaid.“SinceIwasakid,I’vealwaystriedtositinawindowseatnearthewing,andasIgrewup,Iamdeterminedtorunaftermydreamduringmyuniversityyears.”（Maasha在美国航天局的经历并不是那天派上用场的唯一原因，这位工程师在Monrovia,Liberia的一个机场附近长大，十几岁时就第一次爱上了航空。他说：“回过头来看，我想我当时有一套完美的环境来认识到这一问题。”“从小我就总是尽量坐在靠近机翼的靠窗座位上，长大后，我决心在大学期间追逐自己的梦想。）可知，Maasha在那天能够发现问题所在，拯救了机上乘客的原因有两点，首先是他在美国航天局的工作经历，其次是他从小对航空的热爱，从小就喜欢坐在靠近机翼的靠窗座位上。由此可知，Maasha的工作经验和个人兴趣在他勇敢的行动中起了主要作用。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章，结合文章第一段内容“Itcanbeeasytobrushoffcertaineventsassmallmattersthatdon’trequireattention—butwhenthesafetyofdozensofairplanepassengerswasonthetine,thisNASAengineerdecidedtospeakup.”（把某些事件当作不需要注意的小事来搪塞是很容易的，但当几十名飞机乘客的安全受到威胁时，这位美国宇航局的工程师决定大声说出来。）可知，本文主要讲述了美国宇航局的工程师Maasha凭借自己的工作经验和个人兴趣，发现了飞机燃料渗漏的问题，并及时通知了机务人员，拯救了几十名飞机乘客的生命。“ANASAEngineerSavedPassengers”意为“美国宇航局的一名工程师救了乘客”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。CMotionpicture,alsocalledfilmormovie,seriesofsillphotographsonfilm,projectedinrapidsuccessionontoascreenbymeansoflight.Thisnewartformbecameoneofthemostpopularandinfluentialmediaofthe20thcenturyandbeyond.Inearlytwentieth-centuryFrance,anewformofentertainmentwasbecomingahit—motionpictures.Peoplecrowdedintotheatresforshort,silent,black-and-whitefilmsthatshowedeverydayhappenings,suchasatrainpullingintoastation.Theseimagesweredimlyprojectedontowhitesheets.Usually,therewasnosound.Occasionally,menatpianosplayedmusictomatchthescenes.Later,withtheintroductionofcolourandsound,thesilentfilmsoondisappeared.Colourandsoundintroducedanewworldintothecinemaandsteadilygrewmoreeffective.Itcanbeusedtoproduceapowerfuldramaticimpression.Movingimagesattheatresarenownolongernovel,butbackatthebeginningoftheartform,surpriseslurkedaroundeverycorner.Duringtheinitialshowingsofbasicsilentmovies,somepeopleintheaudiencescreamedinfear,reactingtowhattheysawasifitwerehappeninginreallife.Moviegoerswereknowntoevenleapoutoftheirseatsduetothetrainsonthescreen.Atthattime,fewpeopleunderstoodwhatmotionpictureswere,soaudiencememberscouldeasilybefooled.Today,peoplecrowdintotheatresforthelatest3Dmovies.Evenoldermovies,suchasthepopularStarWarsseries,arebeingre-releasedin3D.Moviemakersareexcitedabouttheabilitytoinvolvetheaudiencemoredirectlyinthestoryorfilm.Inaddition,theatresinvesttensofthousandsofdollarsonhigh-qualityaudiosystemssothateverythingfromthesafestwhisperstothelargestexplosionssoundsclearandrealistic.Sound,dialogue,andmusicareusedincombinationnotonlywithoneanotherbutalsowiththevisualimage.Theycanoverlapandvaryinintensityinaflexibleandcomplexpatternwiththosehigh-qualityaudiosystems.Whatwillmoviesbelike100yearsfromnow?Willaudiencebeabletosmellscentsinthefilms,tastethefoodthatcharactersareeating,orevenbecomepartofthestoriesthemselves?Onlytimewilltell.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthemotionpicturesinearly20thcenturyFrance?A.Theywereincolor.B.Theywerethemainformofentertainment.C.Theygreatlyappealedtopeoplethen.D.Theyoftenhadbackgroundmusic.9.Whydidthemoviegoersleapoutoftheirseats?A.Becausethemoviesweretooscary.B.Becausetheydidn'tseetrainsinreallife.C.Becausetheoldtheatersweretoocrowded.D.Becauseaudienceswereunfamiliarwiththemovies.10.Whydotheatresspendalotonhigh-qualityaudiosystems?A.Tore-releasemoreoldmovies.B.Todevelopmovie-makingtechnologies.C.Toimprovemovie-goers'experience.D.Tomaketheexplosionssafe.11.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplainhowrealisticmoviesaretoday.B.Totellsomethingaboutfuturemovieplans.C.Tointroducethehistoryofmovietechnology.D.Tocomparemovietheatresoverthelastcentury.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影技术的发展历史。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Inearlytwentieth-centuryFrance,anewformofentertainmentwasbecomingahit—motionpictures.Peoplecrowdedintotheatresforshort,silent,black-and-whitefilmsthatshowedeverydayhappenings,suchasatrainpullingintoastation.”（20世纪初，法国一种新的娱乐形式正成为一种热门——电影。人们挤进剧院，看一部简短、无声、黑白相间的电影，这些电影展示了日常发生的事情，比如火车驶入车站）可知，20世纪初，在法国，电影作为一种新的娱乐形式很受人们欢迎以至于人们挤进剧院看它，说明电影对人们很有吸引力。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Duringtheinitialshowingsofbasicsilentmovies,somepeopleintheaudiencescreamedinfear,reactingtowhattheysawasifitwerehappeninginreallife.Moviegoerswereknowntoevenleapoutoftheirseatsduetothetrainsonthescreen.Atthattime,fewpeopleunderstoodwhatmotionpictureswere,soaudiencememberscouldeasilybefooled.”（在最初放映无声电影的时候，观众中的一些人吓得尖叫起来，对他们所看到的一切做出反应，就好像这一切发生在现实生活中一样。据了解，电影观众甚至因为屏幕上的火车而跳出座位。当时，很少有人了解电影是什么，所以观众很容易被愚弄）可知，由于当时观众对电影是什么不熟悉，以为电影里发生的事是真的，所以会做出在现实里会做出的反应，如看到火车就跑开，因此观众会跳出座位是因为观众对电影不熟悉。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Moviemakersareexcitedabouttheabilitytoinvolvetheaudiencemoredirectlyinthestoryorfilm.Inaddition,theatresinvesttensofthousandsofdollarsonhigh-qualityaudiosystemssothateverythingfromthesafestwhisperstothelargestexplosionssoundsclearandrealistic.”（甚至是一些老电影，比如《星球大战》系列电影也在3D中重新上映，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋。此外，剧院还投入数万美元购买高质量的音响系统，这样从最安全的低语到最大的爆炸声听起来都清晰而现实）可知，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋，所以投入巨资买高质量的音响系统，让观众听到的各种声音在安全范围内都清晰而现实，以便让观众投入与电影中，有更好的观影体验，所以买高质量的音响系统是为了提高影迷的体验。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。第一段引入“电影这种新的艺术形式，开始是无声黑白电影”，第二段讲“有声色彩电影出现了”，第三段讲“3D电影的出现，影院的高质量的音响系统让观众有更好的观影体验”，最后一段“向读者提出疑问——100年后电影会是什么样子？，并畅想了这种电影是什么样子”，可知文章讲了最初的无声黑白电影，之后的有声色彩电影以及后来的3D，这主要介绍了电影的发展历史，因此作者写这篇文章的目的是C项“介绍电影技术的发展历史”。故选C项。DTwovaccines（疫苗）developedbyaMarylandcompanyareshowingpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria（疟疾）.Onevaccinewas100percenteffectiveinpreventingthedeadlydiseasemalaria.Malariaisadiseasecausedbyparasites（寄生虫）andcarriedbymosquitoes.Parasitesareorganismsthatliveonorinanorganismofanotherspeciesandfeedoffitorgetprotectionfromit.Mosquitoesspreadthediseasetopeoplebybitingontheirskin.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysthereare214millioncasesofmalariaeachyear.Andthedeadlydiseasekillsover400,000peopleayearworldwide.Peoplewhohavemalariaoftenhaveafever,chills,andflu-likeillness.Seriouscomplicationshappen,includingdeath,whenthediseaseisleftuntreated.Thenewvaccinesworkbypreparingtheimmunesystemtofightthedisease.Researchersdothisbyintroducinglive,butweakened,youngparasitescalledsporozoites.Theyareinjectedintothebodybyinfectedmosquitoes.BothvaccinestargetPlasmodiumFalciparum（恶性疟原虫），whichisthemostcommonanddeadlyformofthedisease.OnesuccessfultrailwascarriedoutinGermany.Differentamountsofthevaccinewereinjectedinto27healthypeoplewhovolunteeredforthestudy.Anothergroupof15wasgivenaplacebo,whichisasubstancegiventoapatientlikeadrug,butthasnophysicaleffectontheperson.Eightto10weeksafterthelastvaccineamount,bothgroupswerethenexposedtotheparasitesthatcarriedthemalaria.StephenHoffmanischiefexecutiveandscientificofficerofSanaria.Hesaystheresearchersweresurprisedbytheresultsfromnineofthepeoplewhoreceivedthehighestvaccineamount.“Wegot100%protectionagainstmalariaattenweeksafterthelastamountofthevaccine.Thatisreallybeginningtolooklikesomethingquiteextraordinaryandthat'sneverbeendonebefore.”12.Whatcanweknowaboutmalaria?A.Itisadiseasethatcan'tbetreated.BItkillspeoplewhenleftuntreated.C.Itisadeadlydisasterwithahighdeathrate.D.Itisaflu-likediseasecausedbymosquitoes.13.Howdothenewvaccinesfunctiontofightmalaria?A.Bykillingparasitesinthemosquitoes.B.Bygettingridofmostofthemosquitoes.C.Byinjectingparasitesintomosquitoes'body.D.Byrestartingtheimmunesystemofpeople'sbody.14.HowdoesStephenHoffmanthinkoftheexperimenteffectofthevaccine?A.Remarkable. B.Unpredictable. C.Unsatisfactory. D.Unreasonable.15.Whichsectionofamagazineisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Science&technology. B.Education.CLifestyle. D.Politics.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望，一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效，并对其进行了介绍。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Peoplewhohavemalariaoftenhaveafever,chills,andflu-likeillness.Seriouscomplicationshappen,includingdeath,whenthediseaseisleftuntreated.”（患疟疾的人经常发烧、发冷和患有流感样疾病。当疾病未得到治疗，严重并发症发生，包括死亡），可知疟疾严重的话，如果不治疗，它会致人死亡。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Thenewvaccinesworkbypreparingtheimmunesystemtofightthedisease.”（新疫苗的工作原理是让免疫系统准备好对抗这种疾病。），可知新疫苗是通过激发人体的免疫系统来抵抗疾病，即通过重新启动人体的免疫系统。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的““Wegot100%protectionagainstmalariaattenweeksafterthelastamountofthevaccine.Thatisreallybeginningtolooklikesomethingquiteextraordinaryandthat'sneverbeendonebefore.””（“我们在最后一次接种疫苗后的十周内获得了100%预防疟疾。这真的开始看起来很令人惊奇，这从来没有发生过。”），可知StephenHoffman说获得100%预防疟疾这是很令人惊奇的，因为这种100%预防疟疾从未发生过，可得出StephenHoffman认为疫苗的实验效果很显著的。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Twovaccines（疫苗）developedbyaMarylandcompanyareshowingpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria（疟疾）.Onevaccinewas100percenteffectiveinpreventingthedeadlydiseasemalaria.”（马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效。）和其它段落关于“疟疾疫苗”的介绍，可知文章主要向读者介绍了预防致命疾病疟疾100%有效的“疟疾疫苗”的相关信息，属于科普类文章，可得出本文会出现在杂志的“科学和技术”版块。故选A项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。People-pleaserswanteveryonearoundthemtobehappyandtheywilldowhateverisaskedofthemtokeepitthatway.____16____.Forsome,saying“yes”isahabit;forothers,it’salmostanaddictionthatmakesthemfeelliketheyneedtobeneeded.Thismakesthemfeelimportantandlikethey’recontributingtosomeoneelse’slife.___17___.Notonlydoesitputalotofpressureandstressonyou,butessentiallyyoucanmakeyourselfsickfromdoingtoomuch.Intheworstcase,you’llwakeupandfindyourselfdepressed,becauseyou’reonsuchoverloadbecauseyoupossiblycan’tdoitall.Here’salistofstrategiestohelpyoustopbeingapeople-pleaserandfinallysay“no”.Thinkaboutit.Wheneversomeoneasksyouforafavor,it’sperfectlyOKtosaythatyou’llneedtimetoconsider._____18_____.Itisalsoimportanttoaskthepersonfordetailsaboutthecommitment.Askyourself:DoIhavethetimetodothis?HowpressuredamIgoingtofeel?Thesequestionsarekeybecauseyouneedtimetothinkofyourmust-dolistandthingsyoudon’twanttodo.___19___.It’stempting(诱人的)towanttodefendyourdecisiontosay“no”tosomeonesotheyunderstandyourreasoning.Butthisactuallybackfires.Assoonasyoustartexplaining,yougivetheotherpersonlotsofroomtocomebackandsay,“Oh,youcandothatlater,”“Youcanadjustyourschedule”or“That’snotasimportantaswhatI’masking.”Don’tapologize—ifit’snotyourfault.People-pleaserstendtobeserialapologists.Payattentiontowhenyou’reapologizingandconsiderifyou’rereallyatfault.____20____.Usually,theansweris“no”.A.Realizeyouhaveachoice.B.Don’tgivealistofexcuses.C.Theyputeveryoneelsebeforethemselves.D.Saywhatyou’rethinkingandwhatyouwant.E.People-pleasingcanhaveseriousrisksinfact.F.Askyourselfifyou’reresponsibleforthesituation.G.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytothinkofyoucanhelp.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了悦他主义者面临的危害和一些帮助你停止取悦别人，学会说“不”的策略。【16题详解】根据空格上句“People-pleaserswanteveryonearoundthemtobehappyandtheywilldowhateverisaskedofthemtokeepitthatway.(悦他主义者希望身边的每一个人都快乐，他们会做任何要求他们做的事情，让身边的每一个人都快乐。)”可知，第一段中主要介绍了什么是悦他主义者。C项意为“他们把别人放在自己前面。”能够承接上文，悦他主义者为了让身边的每一个人都快乐，会做任何要求他们做的事情，所以他们把别人放在自己前面。故选C。【17题详解】根据空格上句“Notonlydoesitputalotofpressureandstressonyou,butessentiallyyoucanmakeyourselfsickfromdoingtoomuch.(它不仅给你带来了很大的压力，而且从本质上说，你做得太多会让自己生病。)”可知，本段介绍的是悦他主义者会面临的危害。E项意为“事实上，取悦他人可能会有严重的风险。”选项能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们取悦他人可能会给我们带来的危害，下文提到的“给你带来了很大的压力”和“做得太多会让自己生病”是对危害的举例。故选E。【18题详解】根据空格上句“Wheneversomeoneasksyouforafavor,it’sperfectlyOKtosaythatyou’llneedtimetoconsider.(每当有人请你帮忙时，说你需要时间考虑是完全可以的。)”可知，本段告诉我们当有人请你帮忙时，你可以说你需要时间考虑。G项意为“这让你有机会考虑你能帮上忙。”选项内容能够承接上文，当有人请你帮忙时，你可以说你需要时间考虑，这样你就有机会考虑自己是否能帮忙，能提供什么样的帮助等。故选G。【19题详解】根据空格后句“It’stempting(诱人的)towanttodefendyourdecisiontosay“no”tosomeonesotheyunderstandyourreasoning.Butthisactuallybackfires.(想要为你对某人说“不”的决定辩护，这样他们就能理解你的观点，这种想法是很诱人的。但这实际上适得其反。)”可知，本段告诉我们如果我们为自己对别人请求的拒绝找借口，以为这样就会得到对方的理解，但实际上适得其反。B项意为“不要列举借口。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们不要为自己的拒绝找借口。故选B。【20题详解】根据段落主旨句“Don’tapologize—ifit’snotyourfault.(如果不是你的错，不要道歉。)”可知，本段告诉我们如果不是你的错，不要道歉。根据空格上句“Payattentiontowhenyou’reapologizingandconsiderifyou’rereallyatfault.(当你道歉的时候要注意，并考虑你是否真的有错。)”可知，道歉之前我们要考虑清楚自己是否真的有错。F项意为“问问自己你是否应该对这种情况负责。”选项内容能够承接上文，道歉之前我们要问问自己是否有错，是否应该对这种情况负责，且能引起下文“Usually,theansweris“no”.(通常，答案是“不”。)”下文中的“no”正是对上文问题的回答。故选F。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HollyMorrellwillneverforgetthephonecallthatchangedherlife.Herfather____21____tosaythata16-year-oldboyhadcollapsedanddiedofaheart____22____onthefieldatthelocalhighschool.“Hesaid,‘Wehavetodosomething.’”she_____23_____.AlthoughneitherHollynorherdadknewtheboy,theywerealltoo_____24_____withwhathadhappenedsuddencardiacarrest(心脏骤停),aconditionthatkillsabout325,000Americanseachyearincludingoneteenageathleteeverythreedays.“Suddencardiacarrestdoesn’tdistinguish,”Hollysays.“Andscreening(筛查)_____25_____lives.”Withinweeksofherdad’scall,Hollyhadorganizedherfirstcardiac-screeningeventatthe_____26_____player’shighschool.In2007,she_____27_____Heartfelt,anonprofitthatprovidesfreeorlow-costcardiacscreeningtoadultsandchildren.“We’vescreenedalmost55,000people,”saysHolly.Andtodayshe’saimingevenhigher:“Mygoalistomakescreenings_____28_____toasmanypeopleaspossible.”Expertssaythatearlydetectionis_____29_____topreventingSCA,whichoftenoccurstoseeminglyhealthypeoplewithno_______30_______ofheartdisease.“We’realwayslookingforwaysto_______31_______suddencardiacdeath,andHolly’sprogramisoneofthoseways,”saysDr.TonyMc-Canta,apediatriccardiologist.“Whatshe’sdoingis_______32_______.”ForHollywhohadacardiacdefibrillator(除颤器)implantedtohelp_______33_______herheartbeatandhastoleratedsevenheart-related_______34_______,itwasallmeanttobe.“Ibelievethatmyown______35______wassavedsoIcouldkeepdoingthiswork.”21.A.paused B.returned C.tended D.called22.A.operation B.rate C.attack D.beat23.A.recalls B.remarks C.replies D.sighs24.A.busy B.strict C.familiar D.tired25.A.saves B.treats C.forgives D.respects26.A.missed B.felt C.fallen D.lost27.A.built B.launched C.played D.predicted28.A.legal B.available C.luxury D.suitable29.A.critical B.equal C.contrary D.accessible30.A.cure B.history C.clue D.excuse31.A.explain B.approach C.oppose D.prevent32.A.amazing B.confusing C.frightening D.disappointing33.A.restart B.scan C.regulate D.see34.A.surgeries B.papers C.challenges D.chances35A.sickness B.mind C.life D.job【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.A26.C27.B28.B29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫霍莉·莫雷尔的女孩发起了非营利组织Hearthealt，为成人和儿童提供免费或低成本的心脏筛查的事情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲打来电话说，当地一所高中的一名16岁男孩在球场上因心脏病突发倒地身亡。A.paused暂停；B.returned返回；C.tended倾向，趋向；D.called打电话。根据上文“HollyMorrellwillneverforgetthephonecallthatchangedherlife.”可知，霍莉·莫雷尔永远不会忘记那个改变了她一生的电话。由此可知，父亲是给她打电话，告诉她发生的事情。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲打来电话说，当地一所高中的一名16岁男孩在球场上因心脏病突发倒地身亡。A.operation手术；B.rate速度；C.attack袭击，攻击；D.beat跳动。根据句中“onthefieldatthelocalhighschool”和下文提到的“cardiacarrest”可知，男孩的死亡地点在学校的球场上，死亡原因是心脏骤停，由此可知，他是死于心脏病，“heartattack”意为“心脏病（发作）”。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他说，‘我们必须做点什么。’”她回忆道。A.recalls回想起，回忆起；B.remarks评论；C.replies答复，回应；D.sighs叹气。根据上文“HollyMorrellwillneverforgetthephonecallthatchangedherlife.”可知，霍莉·莫雷尔永远不会忘记那个改变了她一生的电话，由此可知，这里她是在回忆父亲在电话里面说的话。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然霍莉和她爸爸都不认识这个男孩，但他们都非常熟悉突发的心脏骤停，这种情况每年造成约32.5万美国人死亡，其中每三天就有一名青少年运动员死亡。A.busy忙碌的；B.strict严格的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.tired疲倦的。根据句中“aconditionthatkillsabout325,000Americanseachyearincludingoneteenageathleteeverythreedays”可知，这种疾病每年造成约32.5万美国人死亡，其中每三天就有一名青少年运动员死亡，由此可知，这是一个高发病，所以霍莉和她爸爸对这种病是非常熟悉的，“befamiliarwith…”意为“熟悉……”。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“突发的心脏骤停无法区分，”霍利说。“而筛查拯救生命。”A.saves拯救；B.treats治疗；C.forgives原谅；D.respects尊敬。根据后文“Withinweeksofherdad’scall,Hollyhadorganizedherfirstcardiac-screeningeventatthe_____playershighschool.”可知，霍利组织了心脏筛查活动，由此可知，筛查能够拯救生命，所以她才会组织心脏筛查活动。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接到父亲的电话后的几周内，霍莉就在这位倒下的球员所在的高中组织了她的第一次心脏筛查活动。A.missed错过的；B.felt感到；C.fallen跌倒的，倒下的；D.lost迷路的。根据句意可知，霍莉的第一次心脏筛查活动是在上文提到的因心脏骤停死去的男孩的学校举行的，fallen意为“倒下的”，符合句意。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，她发起了Hearthealt，这是一个为成人和儿童提供免费或低成本心脏筛查的非营利组织。A.built建造；B.launched发起，发动；C.played玩耍；D.predicted预言。根据句中“anonprofitthatprovidesfreeorlow-costcardiacscreeningtoadultsandchildren”可知，Hearthealt是一个为成人和儿童提供免费或低成本心脏筛查的非营利组织。由此可知，应该是发起了一个非营利组织。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而今天，她的目标更高：“我的目标是让尽可能多的人可以接受筛查。”A.legal合法的；B.available可获得的；C.luxury奢侈的；D.suitable合适的。根据上文内容可知，霍莉发起非营利组织的目的是为成人和儿童提供免费或低成本心脏筛查。由此可知，她的目标是使心脏筛查对尽可能多的人来说是可获得的。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：专家说，早期发现对预防心脏骤停至关重要，心脏骤停通常发生在没有心脏病史的看似健康的人身上。A.critical关键的，极重要的；B.equal平等的；C.contrary相反的；D.accessible可使用的。根据句中“whichoftenoccurstoseeminglyhealthypeoplewithno____ofheartdisease”可知，心脏骤停通常发生在看似健康的人身上。由此可知，早期发现对预防心脏骤停是极其重要的。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家说，早期发现对预防心脏骤停至关重要，心脏骤停通常发生在没有心脏病史的看似健康的人身上。A.cure治疗；B.history历史；C.clue线索；D.excuse借口。根据句中“whichoftenoccurstoseeminglyhealthypeople”可知，心脏骤停通常发生在看似健康的人身上。由此可知，这类人通常没有心脏病史，看似健康。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们一直在寻找预防心源性猝死的方法，霍利的项目就是方法之一，”儿科心脏病专家托尼·麦克坎塔博士说。“她所做的是惊人的。”A.explain解释；B.approach接近；C.oppose反对；D.prevent预防。根据句中“Holly’sprogramisoneofthoseways”可知，句中指的是预防心源性猝死的方法，因为霍利的项目进行的是心脏筛查，目的就是尽早发现问题，预防心源性猝死。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们一直在寻找预防心源性猝死的方法，霍利的项目就是方法之一，”儿科心脏病专家托尼·麦克坎塔博士说。“她所做的是惊人的。”A.amazing令人惊叹的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据句中“Holly’sprogramisoneofthoseways”可知，霍利所发起的非盈利项目是预防心源性猝死的方法之一。由此可知，她所做的一切是令人惊叹的。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于霍莉来说，她植入了心脏除颤器来帮助她调节心跳，并且忍受了七次心脏相关的手术，这一切都是命中注定的。A.restart重新开始；B.scan浏览；C.regulate调节；D.see看见。根据后文“hastoleratedsevenheart-related_____”可知，霍利忍受了七次心脏相关的手术。由此可知，她也有心脏病，再结合医学常识可知，植入心脏除颤器是用来帮助她“调节”心跳的。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于霍莉来说，她植入了心脏除颤器来帮助她调节心跳，并且忍受了七次心脏相关的手术，这一切都是命中注定的。A.surgeries外科手术；B.papers文件；C.challenges挑战；D.chances机会。根据上文“whohadacardiacdefibrillator(除颤器)implantedtohelp_____herheartbeat”可知，霍利需要植入心脏除颤器来帮助她调节心跳。由此可知，她也有心脏病，所以她应该是接受了七次心脏相关的手术。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信我自己的生命得到了拯救，所以我可以继续做这项工作。A.sickness疾病；B.mind头脑；C.life生命；D.job工作。根据上文内容可知，霍利，接受了七次心脏相关的手术，最终活了下来。由此可知，这里指的是她的生命得到了拯救。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The2020SummerOlympics,____36____wereplannedforthissummerinTokyo,havebeenformallyputoffuntil2021becauseofCOVID-19.This