CIFIR：利用森林、树木和农业林业的力量

Annual

Report

2021

AnnualReport2021

2

Letterfromtheboardandmanagement

Severalturningpointsofferednewhopein2021:theslowingoftheCovid-19pandemicthroughwidespread(albeitunevenlydistributed)vaccination,thelaunchoftheUNDecadeonEcosystemRestoration,andthehistoricGlasgowLeaders’DeclarationonForestsand

LandUse.

CIFOR-ICRAFalsomarkedtwocriticalturningpoints:thesuccessfulcompletionofourthree-yearmergerprocessandofthe10-yearCGIARResearchProgramonForests,TreesandAgroforestry(FTA).LedbyCIFOR-ICRAFincollaborationwithpartners,FTA’scontributionshaveresultedinmillionsofhectaresofforestsunderrestorationandbetterprotection–andmillionsofpeoplewithimprovedfoodsecurityandnutritionandthemeanstoexitpoverty.

Nowfullymerged,CIFOR-ICRAFisgeneratingmoreevidenceofthetransformativepotentialoftreesandforests,withourresearchconsolidatedintofiveintegratedthemes(trees,climate,soils,marketsandgovernance).Ourthreeholisticapproaches–Transformative

PartnershipPlatforms,

EngagementLandscapes,andFlagshipProducts–areleveragingresourcesandpartnershipsacrossAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica.WefinishedtheyearwithaprojectpipelineofUSD430millionandharmonizedinternalmanagement.WearemakingstrongprogresstowardsourGender,DiversityandInclusiongoalsandwenowhaveadynamicnewwebsite().WehavealsolaunchedarecruitmentprocessforaChiefExecutiveOfficertotakeCIFOR-ICRAFtothenextlevel.

Thisreportshinesalightonsomeofoursolutionstofiveglobalchallenges:deforestationandbiodiversityloss,climatechange,dysfunctionalfoodsystems,unsustainable

supplyandvaluechains,andinequality.AchievementsincludeinformingnationalpoliciesinPeruandVietNam,applyingnewtechnologiesintheCongoBasinandIndia,andco-creatingsolutionswithpartnersandcommunitiesinIndonesiaandCameroon,allwhileintegratingconsiderationsoftherightsofwomen,IndigenousPeoplesandvulnerableruralcommunities.

Excitingnewprojectslaunchedin2021includeTreesOutsideForests

inIndia(TOFI)supportedby

USAIDandtheAgroforestryand

RestorationAcceleratorinBrazil

inpartnershipwithTheNature

ConservancyandAmazonInc.

1.5billionpeoplehavebeen

connectedthroughtheGlobal

LandscapesForum,which

continuedtobreaknewground

–mostnotablyattheUNclimate

conferenceinGlasgow,which

hadover1millionsessionviews

from140countries.AndResilient

Landscapesisfastbecoming

anexusbetweenscienceand

business,finance,government

andcivilsociety,withnewprojects

startinginPapuaNewGuinea,

SerbiaandBrazil.

AsChairoftheBoardClaire

OConnorpassesthebatonto

welcomeProfessorGetachew

Engida,CIFOR-ICRAFnowstands

asoneorganizationforged

throughsharedvalues.Thanks

tothegeneroussupportofour

fundingandstrategicpartners

andthetirelesseffortsofourover

700staff,wearewellonourway

toimplementingourtheoryof

changeandrealizingourvision

ofamoreequitableworldwhere

forestandagroforestrylandscapes

enhancetheenvironmentand

well-beingforall.

GetachewEngida

BoardChair

TonySimons

Ex‐officioTrusteeICRAF,

ICRAFDirectorGeneral

RobertNasi

Ex‐officioTrusteeCIFOR,

CIFORDirectorGeneral

Boardoftrustees

神GetachewEngida

BoardChair

神DorisCapistrano

ViceChair

神AlexanderMüller

神BushraNazMalik

神KathleenMerrigan

神Marja-LiisaTapio-Biström神KaoruKitajima

神VijaiSharma

神GovernmentofKenya

Representative

神GovernmentofIndonesia

Representative

神TonySimons

神RobertNasi

Reach

Worldwidepresence

CIFOR-ICRAFoperatesacross64countries,withofficesin25countries.Wecurrentlyhave739staffand192activeprojects.

Ourdecades-longhostcountryagreementswithIndonesiaandKenyareflecttheirgloballeadershipanddeepcommitmenttoforests,treesandagroforestry.

ResearchareasCIFOR-ICRAFheadquarters

3

927

5.6M

publications

websitepage

views

2.5M

305M

publication

downloads

reachedon

socialmedia

50k

3.7k

citations

mediaarticles

Partnership

Wearedeeplygratefulforthefinancialsupportofourfundingpartnersandthecollaborationofourstrategicpartners.Formoreinformationseepage22.

159

fundingpartners

281

strategicpartners

CIFOR-ICRAFexpenditures2021

totalexpenditurein2021

$85.7M

Formoreinformationseepage21.

AnnualReport2021

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CLIMATECHANGE

MORESEVEREFLOODSANDDROUGHTS

HIGHERGHGEMISSIONS

UNSUSTAINABLE

VALUECHAINS

4

Globalchallenges

–andhowto

tacklethem

Ourplanetandthepeoplewholiveonitareinthemidstofaperfectstormoffiveinterconnectedglobalchallenges:deforestationandbiodiversityloss,climatechange,dysfunctionalfoodsystems,unsustainablesupplyandvaluechains,andinequality.Becauseeachcrisisaffectstheothers,solvingthemrequireswhole-systemresponsesthatconsiderhowallpeopleareaffectedandtheenvironmentisimpactedovertime.

TransdisciplinaryscienceatCIFOR-ICRAFnotonlydeliversholisticsolutionsbutalsoensurestheirrelevancetonationalprogrammesandlocalcommunities,asshownthroughoutthisreport.Bysupportinglocalinnovationratherthanhelicopteringinsolutionsfromoutside,weembracecutting-edgesciencewhileworkinghandinhandwithglobal,nationalandlocalcommunitiestoco-createandscalesolutionsthatmeettheirneeds.

Weoperatetransformative

research.Forexample,weseek

notonlytounderstandhow

genderinequitycompromises

sustainabledevelopment,butalso

toshiftpowerasymmetriesto

createamoreequitablefuturefor

bothmenandwomen.

–FergusSinclair,ChiefScientist

WOMEN,

BIODIVERSITYLOSSANDDEFORESTATION

BROKEN

FOOD

SYSTEMS

LESSPOLLINATION

N,LANDANDWATERDEG

RMARGINALIZ

Fivemajorglobalwithandamplify

challengesinteracteachotherin

.

myriadways

5

Ourwayofworking

CIFOR-ICRAFisfocusedoncontributingtoadecisiveshiftinglobaltrajectories:fromafutureofenvironmentaldestructionandlivelihoodcrisestooneofprosperityandplanetaryhealth.Uniquelyequippedtodelivertransformativeresearch,weharnessthepowerofscienceandinnovationtoimprovethebenefitsthatforests,trees,soilsandtheirsustainablemanagementcanprovidetoallhumankind,foramoreresilient,equitableandprosperousfuture.OurworkisalignedwiththeSustainableDevelopmentGoalsandtheParisAgreement,aswellasthethree

RioConventions.

Wecontinuetoimplementour10-yearstrategy(2020-2030),workingacrossfivebroadthemes:Treesandforestgeneticresourcesandbiodiversity;Climatechange,energyandlow-carbondevelopment;

Soilandlandhealth;Sustainablevaluechainsandinvestments;andGovernance,equityandwell-being.

CIFORandICRAFaremembersofCGIAR,aglobalresearchpartnershipforafood-securefuture(seep.16).

Inthisreport,findoutwhatCIFOR-ICRAFisdoingtocreate:

Therighttreeintherightplacefortherightpurpose.Yangambi,DRC©AxelFassio/

CIFOR-ICRAF

.

1

Thriving,diverseforestsandfarms

2

Climate-resilient

ecosystemsand

communities

3

Sustainable,vibrant

foodsystems

4

Green,equitable

supplyandvalue

chains

5

Inclusive,rights-

basedparticipation

Ourinnovations

CIFOR-ICRAFdeliversgame-changingsolutionstoglobalandnationalchallengesthroughthreeinnovativeapproachesthatarecatalysingapositiveshiftinresearchfordevelopmentacrossAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica:

•TransformativePartnershipPlatforms–alliancesfocusedoncriticallyimportantchallenges

•EngagementLandscapes–geographiclocationswherewecarryoutconcentrated,long-termtransformativeworkwithdiverseandcommittedpartners

•FlagshipProducts–initiatives

thatprovideaction-oriented

insightsintokeyglobalissues

Findspecificexamplesof

theseinnovationsthroughout

thisreport.

Ournetwork

TheentitiesoftheCIFOR-ICRAFnetworkreinforceandadvanceoursharedaimtounlockthepotentialoftreesandforeststocombatclimatechange,biodiversitylossandlanddegradation.Seepages16-19fordetails.

AnnualReport2021

0055

6

1

Learnmore

www.cifor-icraf.

org/landscape

-

restoration

Read

Buildingevidence

onpermanence

andleakage

forsustainable

restoration

outcomes

Thriving,

diverseforests

andfarms

Ourworkontreegeneticresources,sustainableforestmanagement,andsoilandlandhealthissupportingeffortstohaltdeforestationandrevivedegradedlandsandhabitats.

Beyondtreeplanting:Landscaperestorationthatsticks

Amidtheonslaughtofbadnewsaboutacceleratingclimatechangeandcollapsingecosystems,landscaperestorationoffershopeandapathforward.Buthowtoensurethatrestoredareasstayrestored?Whatdrives‘permanence’isacriticalresearchtopicfortheglobalrestorationagenda,especiallyaseffortsarebolsteredbytheUNDecadeonEcosystemRestoration(2021–2030)andtheGlasgowLeaders’Declarationtohaltandreverseforestdegradationby2030.

CIFOR-ICRAFhasdeeprootsofengagementinEthiopia,whichisknownforitscommitmenttorestoration.InpartnershipwiththeUnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID),researchersappliedtheStakeholderApproachtoRiskInformedandEvidence-basedDecision-making

(SHARED

)inthe

OromiaEngagementLandscapetoidentifyfactorsthatdeterminethepermanenceofarestoredforestoragriculturalecosystemandwhetherthistriggershabitatdegradationelsewhere–i.e.,‘leakage’.Researchersused

crowdsourceddatafromtheRegreeningAfricaApp,conductedhouseholdsurveysandheldstakeholderworkshops.

Findingsshowedthathouseholdspractisingpermanentlandrestorationhadatleastone‘most-demanded’treespeciesneartheirfarmsorhomesteadsalongwithotherdiversetreespecies.Theytendedtobewealthier,havelargerlandplotswithlivestockandweremoreawareofnaturalresourceusebylawsandregulations.Householdslivingfurtherawayfromurbancentresweremorelikelytocontributetoleakagecomparedtothosenearcities.Themainconclusion?Assessingpermanenceshouldbeincorporatedintorestorationplanningearlyon.

TheEthiopiaworkisacomponentofCIFOR-ICRAF’sLandscape

RestorationTransformative

PartnershipPlatform(TPP),whichaimstoenhancetheunderstandingofwhatworksandwhatdoesnotinparticularsocioecologicallandscapes.TheTPPisco-generatingandsharinglocally

relevantlessonsthroughglobal

comparativeresearchonthe

variousdimensionsofland

restoration.

SupportedbyUnitedStates

AgencyforInternational

Development(USAID)

“Thisprojectdemonstratedtheimportanceoflinkingsocioeconomicandbiophysicaldriversofdegradationinordertodesignlong-termlandrestorationoptionsthatreduceleakageandincreasepermanence.”

LeighAnnWinowiecki

TeamLeader,Soilandland

health

7

ConstructionoftheCongofluxtower. Tshopo,DRC©FistonWasanga/

CIFOR-ICRAF

Learnmore

/

yangambi

-

engagement

-

landscape

Read

Whentakingmeat

offthemenuisnot

anoption:Fighting

malnutritionin

CongoBasinforests

Watch

Landscape

restorationcreates

greenjobs(French)

totheof

Yangambi:Aprovenmodel

ofengagement

collaborationwiththeUniversityofKisangani(UNIKIS)and11%ofthesearewomen.InfrastructureupgradestoUNIKISincludeabout5,500squaremetresofstate-of-theartlowcarbonbuildings

TheYangambiEngagement

LandscapeintheDemocratic

RepublicoftheCongoisan

exampleofwhatyoucanachieve

whenyouspendenoughtimein

ClosingPeru’snationalrestorationgap

Peru’snewnationalrestorationstrategy(

ProREST

)hasatitsheartacommitmenttothelandscapeapproach.Thisisthanksinparttolong-termresearchandengagementbyCIFOR-ICRAF,whichPeru’sNationalForestandWildFaunaService(SERFOR)recognizedasakeyproviderofevidence-basedrecommendationstoguidethestrategy.SERFORforeseesongoingcollaborationwithCIFOR-ICRAFonresearchandrestorationtechnologies,technicalsupportanddocumentation.

SupportedbySERFOR

--.

To

f

a

oneplace,gettingcrux

Sustainablelivelihoodeffortsarefocusingondevelopmentofsmall-to-mediumenterprises

(supporting1,017people,ofwhom706arewomen),sustainablecharcoal(with106charcoalmakerstrainedand19communitynurseriesestablished),fishfarming(withover5tonsalreadyproducedincooperativefishfarms),andagroforestryusingfruittreesmixedwithimprovedcassava,cornandpeanutcrops.Performance-basedschemesareboostingentrepreneurshipforwomenandmen.

t

theissuesaffectingpeopleand

theirenvironment.Infact,CIFOR-

ICRAF’s‘engagementlandscapes’

conceptwassparkedbythe

impactsachievedthroughnearly

15yearsofworkwithinstitutions

andcommunitiesnearthe

Kisangani–Yangambiurban–rural

complex,co-creatingsolutionsto

forestdegradationandpoverty.

TheCongoBasin’sfirsteddy

covariance-flux

towernowrises55mabovetheBiosphereReserve,assessingtheforest’spotentialtomitigateclimatechangethroughcarboncapture.

Over2milliontreeshavebeen

plantedsince2019,restoring

over2,300hectaresoflandand

creatingover3,400seasonal

anddirectjobs.Inafewyears,

thetreeswillbereadyforuse

asbiomassinacombinedheat

andpowerplant,nowunder

construction.

Morethan220mastersand

doctoralresearchershave

beentrainedthrougha15-year

curbthedevastatingimpactofurbanwildmeatconsumptionon

orestbiodiversity,aninnovativecampaignusescomic-strip-style

posters

andcommunitytheatre

ochangepeople’sperception

aroundsellingandconsuming

wildmeat.

Finally,environmentaleducationandoutreachactivitiesinclude

photoexhibit

depictingtheregion’shistory,

musicvideos

,over3,250primary-andsecondary-schoolstudentsparticipatinginperiodicworkshops,andan

animatedfilm

.

SupportedbyEuropeanUnion,

Belgium,USAID

AnnualReport2021

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2

Read

Specialcollection:

GCSREDD+Stories

ofchange

Watch

Fairandequitable

REDD+financeand

benefit-sharing

mechanismsfor

climategoalsand

justice

Climate-resilientecosystemsandcommunities

Weprovidecriticalevidenceonnature-basedsolutionstotheclimatecrisis,suchassustainableforestandwetlandmanagement,agroforestryandlandscaperestoration.

Knowledgeforactionontropicalforestsandrights

TheGlobalComparativeStudyonREDD+(GCSREDD+)launcheditsfourthphasein2021,buildingonoveradecadeofresearchonactionstoreduceemissionsfromdeforestationandforestdegradation,andenhanceforestcarbonstocks.

InVietNam,theMinistryofAgricultureandRuralDevelopment(MARD)referencedGCSREDD+globalresearchfindingsoncarbonrightsandREDD+benefit-sharinginadraftdecreethat,onceapproved,willbeacriterionforreceiptofresults-basedpayments.

InPeru,theMinistryofEnvironmentsubmitteditsupdatednational

ForestReferenceEmissionsLevel

(FREL)totheUnitedNations

FrameworkConventiononClimate

Change.InformedbyGCSREDD+researchonsoilcarbonemissionsfromdeforestationandforestdegradation,theFREListhe

firstofficialnationaldocumenttorecognizetheimportanceofAmazonianpeatlands.AndtheNationalServiceofProtectedAreas(SERNANP)officiallyadoptedthe

customizedadaptivelearningtool¿Cómovamos?onmultistakeholdermanagementcommittees.

InIndonesia,severalGCSREDD+contributionswereadoptedinthecountry’ssecondFREL,includingtheadditionofmethaneandnitrousoxideemissionsfrompeatlanddegradation,anewapproachforcalculatingemissionsfrommangroveconversionapartfromotherlanduses,andtheinclusionofemissionsfrompeatfires.

Finally,CIFOR-ICRAFwasinvitedtocontributetoglobalinitiativessuchastheWorldBank’smulti-donortrustfundEnhancingAccesstoBenefitswhileLoweringEmissions(EnABLE),theLEAFCoalition’sEmergentWorkingGroup,andtheInternationalLandCoalition(ILC).Requestsalsocamefromtheprivatesectorforscientificinput,aswellasfromcountriessuchasGuatemalaandVietNamtosupportthedevelopmentofnationalREDD+benefit-sharingplans.

Supportedby

/gcs/

partners

“Ourscience-policydialoguesinIndonesia,PeruandDRCarebringingnewinsightsintowhatisneededforcountriestomeettheirpost-CoP26climatecommitments.”

PhamThuThuy

TeamLeader

Climatechange,energy&

low-carbondevelopment

05

Successful

restorationconsidersgenderandsocialinclusionYanonge,©AxelFassio/

CIFOR-ICRAF

DRC.

Howtofixthetree-plantingvaluechain

Amongnature-basedsolutionstotheclimatecrisis,treeplantingishailedasking.Doneright,itcanbothmitigateclimatechangeandboostresiliencetoitseffects,whilealsoaddressingtheotherglobalchallenges.Donewrong,itcanharmecosystemsorsimplyfail,discouragingfurtherinvestments.

Thetree-plantingvaluechainisbroken.Intherushtoputseedlingsintheground,treeseedisoftenboughtfromundocumentedsourcestosupplyproject-fundednurseries,whichthendistributetreeseedlingstogrowersatnocharge.

“Thisunderminesexistingnetworksofsmall-scalecommercialseeddealersandprivatetreenurseriesthatcouldguaranteeamoresustainablesupplyofbetterqualitygermplasm,”saysRamni

Jamnadass,whoco-leadstheTransformativePartnershipPlatform(TPP)ontheQualityofTreePlantingwithLarsGraudal.

Buildingonover30yearsofexperienceinthescienceandpracticeoftreeplanting,theTPPrespondstotheneedtosupportquality-focusedengagementbetweentreeplantersandinvestors.

A2021

policyanalysis

putthevalueoffixingthisvaluechaininsharpfocus,usingtheexampleoftheAfricanForestLandscapeRestorationinitiative(AFR100),whichaimstorestore100millionhaofdegradedlandby2030.

“Weestimatethatinvestingamere5%moreintreeseedsupply…wouldsequesterafurther19milliontonnesofcarbon,reduceannualsoilerosionbyafurther

Learnmore

GlobalTree

Knowledge

Platform

Read

Qualityseedfortree

planting:Supporting

moreeffective

agroforestryand

forestlandscape

restorationby

learningfrom

cropIntegrated

SeedSystem

Development

9

GLFClimate2021:

Forests,Food,Finance–FrontiersofChange

Featuring400leadingscientists,activists,Indigenousleaders,financiers,youthandpolicymakers,theGLFClimatehybridconferenceprovidedacriticalopportunityforthinkersandactorstoconnectbothvirtuallyandin-person,alongsidetheUNclimateconferenceinGlasgow.Thegoal?Tolaydownlandscape-basedpathwaysformeetingclimatecommitmentsthatfocusoncreatingpositivetippingpointsforforests,foodandclimate.

42millionreachedon

socialmedia

1millionsessionviewsfrom

140countries

4,500digitalparticipantsfrom145countries

481in-personparticipants

4milliontonnes,andgenerateatleast80,000morejobsintheharvesting,processingandmarketingofnewtreeproducts,”

saysLarsGraudal.Aworthyinvestmentindeed.

SupportedbyFTA,NorwegianInternationalClimateandForestInitiative(NICFI)

Toolsforbettertrees

CIFOR-ICRAFhasmadeavastarrayofresourcesfreelyavailablethroughtheGlobalTreeKnowledgePlatform.Theseincludethevegetationmap4Africa,theUsefulTreeSpeciesforEasternAfricaselectiontool,aclimatechangeatlasforCentralAmericaandotherdatabases,mapsandapps,guidelinesandanalyses.

AnnualReport2021

0055

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3

“ThisTPPwasattheforefrontofphenomenal