2021北京海淀高一(上)期末英语

2021北京海淀高一（上）期末英语2021.1学校_____________班级_____________姓名_____________成绩_____________考生须知1.本试卷共8页，共四大部分，65道小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。2.在答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共四节，20分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whenwillthemeetingtakeplace?A.At9:00AM. B.At11:00AM. C.At1:00PM.2.Whichsubjectdoesthegirllike?A.Science. B.Art. C.History.3.Whydoesthemandislikeanelectronicnewspaper?A.Itisveryexpensive. B.Itislessconvenient. C.Itisharmfultohiseyes.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Teacherandparent. C.Headmasterandteacher.第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至6题。5.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritepresent?A.Theballetticket. B.Thebeautifuldecoration. C.Thepairofballetshoes.6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Holidaypresents. B.Aballetshow. C.Famouscharacters.听第6段材料，回答第7至8题。7.Whatdidthewomando?A.Shewenttoajobinterview.B.Shemadeacalltoherboss.C.Shedroveherchildrentoschool.8.Whydidthewomanforgettopickupherchildren?A.Shewastired. B.Shewasoverjoyed. C.Shewaslazy.听第7段材料，回答第9至10题。9.Whatisthemandoing?A.Helpingthewomandownloadsomeapps.B.Teachingthewomanhowtousesomeapps.C.Recommendingtothewomansomeusefulapps.10.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inashop.听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。11.WhydidthewomangotoEurope?A.Tovisitrelatives. B.Togosightseeing. C.Toattendmeetings.12.Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantochoose?A.Waterandexercises. B.Coffeeandjetlag. C.Juiceandmeat.第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面一段独白，完成第13至17五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置。TheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofAccidentsHistory◆A(An)13charity,established80yearsagoWhatDoesItDo◆14directions,guidelinesandadviceonhealthandsafety◆Trainthepubliconsafetyinall15oflife◆Offerinformationon16orbadlydesignedproductsPresentSituation◆Accidentsareverycommon,causinggreatlossintime,17andlives.第四节（共3小题；每题1分，共3分）听下面一段短文，完成第18至20三道小题。听短文前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读问题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段短文你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置。18.Whatdidthedaughterdoatschoolthatday?19.Whydidthefathertrytoencouragehisdaughter?20.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?第二部分：知识运用（共三节，33分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AAsahighschoolstudent,Abreu,16,tookpartindifferentvoluntary21(activity).Theseincludedhelpingstaffatthepubliclibrary,doinglandscapeworkinpublicparksandservingcustomersatalocalrestaurant.Hethankedhisparentsforinspiringhim22(do)therightthing.Herememberedwhenhewasabout6yearsold,hismotherinvitedadisadvantagedneighborhoodboytohavedinner.Uponobservingtheboy’shappiness,hecameawaywithasenseofhelpingasmanypeopleashecould.Sincethen,he23(become)anactivevolunteerinvariousorganizations.Hevaluestheexperiencealot.BWhyistheForbiddenCitycalled“purpleforbiddencity”?Ifyouhavevisitedit,youmayfindthatthepalace24(paint)mainlyintwocolors,yellowandred.Red,thecoloroffire,showshappinessand25(succeed),whileyellow,thecolorofthesun,wasonlyusedbytheemperors,whowereregardedastheSonsofHeaven.AncientChineseastronomersbelievedthatPolaris(北极星),“Ziweistar”,wasinthecenterofheavenandtheheavenlyemperorlivedintheZiweiPalace.SothepalacefortheemperoronEarthshouldbeliketheoneinheaven.Thatis26“purple”isinthename.CNowadays,millionsofpeoplelogontoTikTok(DouYininChinese)towatchsomething27(call)Mukbang(ChiboinChinese).Itmightseemstrange,28thesevideosaresurprisinglysatisfyingtowatch.It29(allow)peopleto“eat”withotherseventhoughtheyareathomealone.However,thereisadarksidetoMukbang.Thewaypeopleeatfoodinmostofthesevideosisn’thealthy.SomeMukbangerseattoomuchfoodanditmakestheiraudienceuncomfortable.Thiscouldencouragebadhabits30mightleadtoseriouseatingproblems.第二节选词填空（共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，其中有两项为多余选项。WhiletheInternetbringspeopleclosertogether,italsoharmsfriendships.Firstly,talkingonlinecan’t31face-to-facecontact.Accordingtoaparentingexpert,DeniseDaniels,communicatingthroughascreenmakesitharderforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.Asweknow,importantsocialskills,whichenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships,aredeveloped32directcontactwithothers.Secondly,theInternetmakespeopleself-centered.Forexample,insteadofcommunicatingwiththeirfriends,someareonly33withtheironlinepopularity―thenumberof“likes”orfollowers,whichweknowcan’tcomparetohavinglong-termandrewardingfriendships.Besides,muchofthe34postedonsocialmediadoesnothavealotofsignificantvalue.Postsaboutfunnycatimagescan’thelpformmeaningfulrelationships.Thirdly,onlinerelationshipsmaynotbeastheyappear.Friendshipsarebuiltbasedon35,andwithonlinecommunicationyoucan’tbecertainthatthepeopleyouarechattingtoarebeinghonestabouttheiridentities.Therefore,goingonlinecanbedangerousforpeoplewhoareeasilyinfluencedortootrustingofstrangers.Ithinkthebestwaytomaintainhealthyrelationshipsisto36moreonface-to-facecommunication,andlessononlinecommunication.第三节完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，共12分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。HowRunningChangedMyLifeRunninghastrulychangedmylife,butIneverunderstoodrunningasaformofexercise.Duringthefirsttwoweeksthisyear,mygrandmotherpassedawayandIstartedto37myjobbecauseofofficepolitics.Mylifefeltstuck.SoIdecidedtorun.Itwasmynatural38.Ijustwantedtogetaway.Istartedrunning—bythetimeIcameback,Ifelttiredand39atthesametime.IknewIwasontosomething.Onceinawhile,Iwouldgetexcitedaboutrunning.However,Ialwayspickeduprunningforthe40reasons.Iusedrunningasareasontobuynewfashionablesportsclothes.OrIdecidedtoruntoloseweightorbecomehealthier.Myrunningneverlastedlongerthan2–3weeks.Iwouldloseinterestinrunning.Ijustdidn’t41it.Whywouldanyonegothroughthe42ofrunning?Especiallywhentheweatherisbad.Whodoesthat?I’drathergotothegymwithmyfriends,talk,andpickupsomeweights.ButIfoundthatpainis43thereasonIstartedtorunagain.WhenmylifewasnotwhatIwantedittobe,Iwasupset.IdecidedtorunwhenIarrivedhomeonedayafterwork.ItwasacoldJanuaryday,andIonlyranfor3milesinatimethatIamtoo44tomention.Butmytimeisnotwhat’simportant—duringthatrunIfinallygotit.Mystamina(毅力、耐力)wasnearlythesameasmylifeatthetime—itwasbad,butIknewitwouldbebetterifI45running.IfIwouldfightagainstthewind,rain,cold,andmythoughtsof46,Iwouldeventuallyimprovemystaminaandbeabetterrunner.Mylifehasimprovedatthesameratethatmyrunningpaceandstaminahasimproved.Butrunninghasthemost47onmyproductivity,mood,creativity,andoveralllivelihood.EverytimelifebecamedifficultIwouldgiveup.Now,whenlifeisdifficult,myresponseis48—Ilovethepainandstruggleinsteadofshyingawayfromit.MylifeismovingforwardandI’mdoingwellinmyjobagain.Iowethistorunning.Andthebestthingaboutrunningisthatitiseasytostart.Youjustgo.Youdecidewhen,where,andhowfast.37.A.accept B.change C.dislike D.challenge38.A.personality B.feature C.response D.ability39.A.energized B.exhausted C.awkward D.depressed40.A.opposite B.obvious C.particular D.wrong41.A.treasure B.understand C.realize D.achieve42.A.pain B.result C.benefit D.effect43.A.normally B.thankfully C.exactly D.regularly44.A.ashamed B.surprised C.happy D.eager45.A.quit B.started C.risked D.kept46.A.turningup B.givingup C.goingup D.standingup47.A.focus B.impact C.impression D.pressure48.A.natural B.normal C.direct D.different第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节阅读选择（共12小题；每题2分，共24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASurferDudestotheRescue!About50feetfromshoreoftheNorthernCalifornia’sTrinidadStateBeach,twobrotherswerefightingfortheirlives.Theyhadbeensweptouttoseainaripcurrent(激流),theirmouthsbarelyabletostayabovethewater.Thickfogmadeitdifficultforbeachgoerstoseetheguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.Andeverysecondcounted.Thebrothers,ages15and20,werewearingshortsandT-shirts,unsuitableforaNovemberday,letalonethefreezingwater.KevenHarder,asupervisingranger(巡查员),toldtheNorthCoastJournalinnearbyEurekathatswimminginsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”Luckily,foursurfersinwetsuitswerenearby.NarayanWeibel,SpenserStratton,andAdrianYork,all16,alongwithTajOrtiz-Beck,15,wereontheirsurfboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfive-footwaveswhentheyheardthecries.Theyturnedandsawtwobobbingheadsandfourstrugglingarms.“Welookedateachotherandknewtheseguyswereabouttodrown,”WeibeltoldtheWashingtonPost.Weibel,Stratton,andOrtiz-BeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileYorkheadedtoshoretowarnsomeonetocall911.Hethendivedbackintohelphisfriends.Asthesurfersdrewclose,thebrotherswerestillfightinghardfortheirlives.“Itwasprettystressful,buttherewasn’tanytimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepmycool,”Ortiz-Becksays.Ortiz-Beckpulledupalongsidetheyoungerbrother.Grabbinghimunderhisarms,heraisedhimupontohisboard.StrattonandWeibel,meanwhile,hurriedtohelptheolderbrother.Hewaslarge,250to300pounds,andhewaspanicked.“Itoldthem,‘Calmdown—wegotyou!’”saysWeibel.“Theythoughttheyweregoingtodie.”Yorkarrivedintimetohelpgettheolderbrotheratopthesecondboard.Thesurfersthenpaddledseveralminutesthroughchoppywatertothemedicalhelpwaitingonshore.Thebrotherswerescaredbutfine.“Whenwegetacalllikethisone,it’susuallytoolatebythetimewegetthere,”saysDillonCleavenger,afirstresponder.“Ican’tsayenoughaboutwhattheseboysdid.Theywerewillingandpreparedtorisktheirlives.”49.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A. Twobrotherswerealmostdrownedinthesea.B. Beachgoershappenedtomeetthetwobrothers.C. Thesupervisingrangerwarnedthemnottoswimthen.D. SurfersbarelyworeT-shirtsandshortsinsuchweather.50.Whatwerethefourboysdoingwhentheyheardthescreams?A.Swimminginaripcurrent. B.Surfingonhighwaves.C.Strugglingwiththeirarmstoshore. D.Practisingdivinginthesea.51.Intherescue, .A.AndrianYorkdivedbacktocallthepoliceB.KevenHarderplayedthemostimportantroleC.NarayanWeibeltriedtocalmdownthebrothersD.Ortiz-Becksavedthelargerandpanickedbrother52.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethefoursurfers?A.Hardworkingandfriendly. B.Kindandhumorous.C.Devotedandtalented. D.Braveanddetermined.BIwantyoualltoknowthatI’vequitsocialmedia,andmylifehasgottensomuchbetter.Imean,it’sonlybeen15minutesbutIcanalreadytellI’madifferentperson.Fifteenminutesago,IstoppedusingFacebookandTwitter.Withinseconds,InoticedIamhappier,lessirritable,morecontemplative(深思熟虑的)andbalanced.I’mspendingmoretimeonactivitiesthatmatter.Justinthepasttwominutes,I’velookedatabookonmybookshelfandbrieflyponderedopeningit.I’mtrulychanging.Thisisgoingtosoundcrazy,butsincequittingsocialmedia—now,let’ssee,16minutesago—allofmysensesareenhanced.Myeyesightisclearer.Foodtastesbetter.Ijustsmelledthefirsttulipsofspring.Iamjoltedbyaburstofenergy.EverymorningIamgoingtomeditateoratleastlieinmybedandconsidermeditating.Whatpurposedoessocialmediaserve,anyhow?Theacademicstellusit’smakingusmiserable—theconstantupdatesfromfriendswiththeirexpensivevacationsandgossipsaboutcelebrities.Ifyouthinkaboutit,theInternetwasreallyonlysupposedtobeforonething:orderingsocksfromJ.Crew.ThenpeoplestartedpostingphotographsoftheirdogsinHalloweencostumes,andweallbegansendingHappyBirthdaywishestoclassmateswe’dlosttouchwithsincefifthgrade,andthewholethingbecamethenightmare.Socialmediaruinsperfectlygoodhumanbeings.TherearepeopleIloveinreallifeandhateonsocialmedia.Worststill,socialmediastifles(抑制)creativity.They’vestudiedthisinrats,youknow.ScientistsmaderatsquitusingFacebook,andwhentheycamebackinafewhours,alloftheratswerewritingreallysoliddebutnovels.It’sbeen17minutes.Ihaveafeelingthatmyquittingsocialmediaishavingaphysicaleffect.AllIdidwasquitlookingatmyphone900timesaday.I’lltellthemthesecret.Quitsocialmedia.Alloflife’sannoyingproblemswillbeover.Yourrelationshipswillimprove.You’llneverfeeldown.You’llnevergetstuckintraffic.DoImissit?Thanksforasking.Idon’tevenknowwhyIthoughtitwassoimportant.Idonotneedtoseethe800thphotofrommyco-worker’strip.Ihavenoideahowahottopicisgoingon.Andit’sOK.Ican’timaginegoingback.I’vequitsocialmedia.It’sonlybeen18minutes,butI’mprettysureI’mgoingtomakeitafulltwenty.53.WhatwastheInternetoriginallyusedtodoaccordingtothepassage?A.Toreaddigitalbooks. B.Todoshoppingonline.C.Tomakesomenewfriends. D.Toshareholidayexperience.54.Theauthorkeepscountingthetimeinorderto .A.showhowfantasticitistoquit B.proveitastrugglingprocesstoquitC.remindhimselfofthetimeinquitting D.makearecordforhisstudyofquitting55.Whatisthetoneofthisarticle?A.Official. B.Serious. C.Humorous. D.Plain.56.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. HowIMadeanImportantDecisionB. WhyWeCan’tLiveWithouttheInternetC. TheInfluenceofSocialMedia:Pros&ConsD. QuittingSocialMediaWillSaveYourLifeCMostpeoplehavebeentaughtthatlosingweightisamatterofsimplemath.Cutcalories—specifically3,500calories,andyou’llloseapound.Butasitturnsout,expertsarelearningthatthisdecades-oldstrategyisactuallyprettymisguided.“Thisideaof‘acalorieinandacalorieout’whenitcomestoweightlossisnotonlyoutdated,it’sjustwrong,”saysDr.FatimaCodyStanford,anobesityspecialistatHarvardMedicalSchool.Thetruthisthatevencarefulcaloriecalculationsdon’talwaysyield(产生)uniformresults.Howyourbodyburnscaloriesdependsonanumberoffactors.Threefactorsaffecthowyourbodyprocessescalories.Yourgutmicrobiome(肠道微生物).Trillionsoforganismsliveinyourgut,andtheimportanttypesmayinfluencehowmanycaloriesyourbodyabsorbsfromfood.Thismayoccurbecausesometypesoforganismsareabletobreakdownandusemorecaloriesfromcertainfoodsthanothertypesoforganisms.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhoarenaturallythinhavedifferenttypesoforganismslivinginsidethemthanthosewhoareoverweight.Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢).Eachbodyhasa“setpoint”thatgovernsweight,saysDr.Stanford.Thissetpointreflectsseveralfactors,includingyourgenes,yourenvironment,andyourbehaviors.Aregionatthebaseofyourbrainstandsguardtokeepyourbodyweightfromdippingbelowthatsetpoint—whichisnotreallyabonusifyou’retryingtoloseweight.Thetypeoffoodyoueat.Yourfoodchoicesmayalsoinfluenceyourcalorieintake,andnotjustbecauseoftheirspecificcaloriecontent.One2019studypublishedinCellMetabolismfoundthateatingprocessedfoodsseemstospurpeopletoeatmorecaloriescomparedwitheatingunprocessedfoods.Ifcountingcaloriesisn’tadependablewaytomanageyourweight,whatcanyoudotoshedextrapounds?Dr.Stanfordrecommendsthefollowing.Focusondietquality.Whenplanningyourmeals,focusonchoosingunprocessedfoods,includingleanmeats,wholegrains,andlotsoffruitsandvegetablesintheirnaturalform.Exerciseregularly.Aimtogetatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityexerciseeachweek.Moderateexerciseisdoneatalevelwhereyoucantalk,butnotsing.Consultaprofessional.“Alotofpeoplebelieveit’samoralfailingiftheyareunabletoloseweight,”saysDr.Stanford.Butit’snot.Aswithothermedicalconditions,manypeoplewillneedhelpfromadoctor.Successfulweightlossmayrequiremorethanjustdietandexercise.“Only2%ofpeoplewhomeetthecriteriafortheuseofanti-obesitymedicationsactuallygetthem.Thismeansthat98%ofpeoplewhocouldbetreatedaren’t,”shesays,“Don’tbeafraidtoseekhelpifyouneedit.”57.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Oldtheoriesactuallymisleadus. B.Losingweightliesinlosingcalorie.B.Caloriecalculationsleadtogoodresults. D.Losingweightbylosingcalorieisoutdated.58.Theprocessingofcaloriesisaffectedbyhowyou .A.choosethetypesoffoodyouconsume B.focusonthequalityofyourdietC.adjustyourbraintothe“setpoint” D.reducetheorganismslivinginyourgut59.Theunderlinedword“shed”inParagraph6means“ ”.A.weigh B.produce C.lose D.cost60.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat .A.cuttingcaloriesisessentialforweightloss B.losingweightcanbedouble-edgedC.healthyeatingkeepsyoulosingweight D.ahealthylifestyleiskeytoweightloss第二节阅读回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Asweadvanceintothethirdquarterof2020,educatorsarewatchingaheadandwonderingwhetherthereisapossibilityofreopeningeducationcampusesandin-personteachinganytimesoon.Theongoingpandemic(流行病)haschangedseveralaspectsofhumanlife,includingeducationandpotentialonlineeducationtrends.Ithasurgedglobalexperimentationwithremoteteaching,andmoststudentsacceptthechangefromin-persontoonlinelearning.Oneofthenewesttrendsintheeducationindustryismicrolearning.Microlearningprovidesinformationaboutschoolsubjectstostudentsinanexcitingmannerbydividingthecoursematerialintosmall,manageablepartsforasuitablelearningexperience.Itissuitableforpeoplewhoareunabletoprovideattentiontoamatterformorethananhour.Asonlineeducationisenteringthemainstream,studentsarelookingformorestraightforwardandeasierstrategiestoacquireknowledge,andthisiswheremicrolearningentersthescene.Itallowslearnerstograspbite-sizedinformationquicklyandeffectively.AgreatexampleofmicrolearningisthelanguagelearningapplicationDuolingowhichallowsuserstolearnapieceofanylanguageinsmall,frequentlessons.Overthenextyear,asfarasonlineeducationtrendsgo,wecanexpecttowitnessanincreaseinsucheducational