2021届天津市第二十一中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析

2021届天津市第二十一中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFindYourChicagoArchitectureTourChicagoisknownaroundtheworldforitsarchitecture.Whetheryoutourdowntownoraneighborhood,ourguideswilltellyouthestoriesbehindthebuildings.Must-seeChicagoMust-seeChicagoisafast-paced,90-minutetourtoChicagofeaturing（以…为特色）someofitsmostfamousbuildings,includingtheWrigleyBuilding,TribuneTowerandmore!Getabriefoverviewofmorethanadozenbuildings—aswellasChicagolandmarkslikeMillenniumPark,theLoopandtheChicagoRiver.Duration:1.5hoursPrice:$26public,freeforCACmembersArchitectureHighlightsDiscovertheexcitingdiversity（多样性）ofChicagoarchitecture,whichtracesthecity’sdevelopmentfromitsfoundingthroughpresentday.Wecoverabout30milesofChicagodesign,passingthroughtheLoopandtheGoldCoast,aswellasHydeParkandotherareasoftheSouthSide.We’llseetwouniversitycampusesandseveralparks.Duration:3.5hoursPrice:$55public,freeforCACmembersHistoricTreasuresofChicago’sGoldenAgeLearnaboutthegreatarchitecturallandmarksofMichiganAvenueandStateStreet,withviewsinsidebeautifulbuildingsfromthe1890ss1930s.Themostmemorablepartsincludetheamazinginteriors（内部）ofthePalmerHouseHotelandtheChicagoCulturalCenter.Duration:2hoursPrice:$26public,freeforCACmembersElevatedArchitecture:Downtown“L”TrainExploreChicago’samazingarchitecturefromtheuniqueviewofelevatedtrainsandstationplatforms.Learnthehistorybehindthefamous“L”systemandhearhowithasshapedthedevelopmentofbuildingswithintheLoop.Thecity’sfirstelevatedtrainstartedmakingtripsin1892.NowconsideredoneofChicago’smostwonderfulfeatures,the“L”offersimpressiveviewsofdowntown.Duration:2hoursPrice:$26public,freeforCACmembersWhichtourcanyouchooseifyouwanttoseeMillenniumPark?A.Must-seeChicago.B.HistoricTreasuresofChicago’sGoldenAgeC.ArchitectureHighlights.D.ElevatedArchitecture：Downtown“L”Train.WhenvisitingArchitectureHighlights,acoupleshouldpay .A.$55 B.$110 C.$165 D.$220Whatcanyouseeonthethirdtour?A.TheChicagoRiver. B.TheGoldCoast.C.Theelevatedtrains. D.ThePalmerHouseHotel.BIgotmyfirstbikewhenIwasnineyearsold.Jimmy,thebike,wasmyfirstlove.Irodeiteverywhere.Thesuburb,thebacklanes,thefieldsandforests,theriverpathsandswamplandwerefarmoreexcitingthananyadventurenovelortelevisionseries.There’snothingquiteliketherelationshipbetweenachildandhisbicycleandtheendlesshappinesstwowheelsandapairofstronglegsoffer.Novideoorcomputergamecanreplacetheliberationofbeingaloneonabicycle.Asparents,todenychildrenthesimplepleasureofridingabikeisafailureofourresponsibilitiestoraiseindependentandstableyoungcitizens.Weshouldofferourchildrenahealthyalternativetohoursinfrontofanaddictivescreen.Studieshaveshownthatcyclingpromotesnotonlymusclegrowthbutbraingrowth.Guesswhichcountryhaschildrenwiththebestmentalhealthoutcomesandisregularlythetopoflistingsofthehappiestyoungpeople.Nosurpriseit’stheNetherlands,theunquestionedleaderamongindustrialcountriesinencouragingbicycleuse.Ourdependenceoncarshasdegradedthepublictransportsystem,pollutedoursky,ledtotheuntimelydeathofthousandseveryyear,anddeniedchildrensafeaccesstotheirsuburbs.Arecentstudyfoundthat69%ofchildrenwereaccompaniedtoschool.Thesamestudyfoundthatasimilarnumberofparentsdrovetowork.InsomeregionsofJapan,whenchildrenstarttheirfirstyearofschool,parentsareexpectedtowalkwiththemforthefirstfewweeks,introducingthemtoresidentsandshopkeepersalongthechosenroute,lettingthecommunitytakecareofthesechildren.However,drivingchildrentoschoolisproscribed.Childrencanchoosetorideabikeorwalktoschoolaftertheyarefamiliarwiththecommunity,andit’sthecommunity’sroletokeepthemsafe.Therefore,Istronglyadvisethegovernmenttoprovidebetterinfrastructure（基础设施）.Buildseparatedcyclelanes,decreasespeedlimits,anddesignstreetscapesthatfavourpeopleovercars.Theresultswillbelesspollution,quietersuburbs,ahealthierpopulationand,bestofall,happyandindependentchildren.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?Hewasaddictedtocomputergames.Helikedtakingadventuroustripsinnature.Hehadgreatfunexploringtheoutsidebycycling.D.Hegothisfirstbirthdaypresentattheageofnine.WhydoestheauthormentiontheNetherlandsinParagraph3?Tointroducehisgoodwayofraisingindependentchildren.Toillustratethegreatinfluenceridinghasonmentalhealth.Tostresstheimportanceofbeingphysicallyandmentallyhealthy.ToexplaincyclingdoesbestincitydevelopmentintheNetherlands.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proscribed”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Recommended. B.Protected. C.Delayed. D.Forbidden.Howdoestheauthormainlysupporthisidea?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Bylistingexamples.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Byanalyzingscientificdata.CSomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIcouldhardlyclaimtoknowmywayaroundthecontinent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswaslimitedtoalittlecollegeFrench.Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,totallyunfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystem？Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderableregret.Suddenlyathoughtranthroughmymind:youcan'tlearnifyoudon'ttry.SoIacceptedtheassignment.Thereweresomebadmoments.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripIwasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince,Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostremoteofplaces,withoutguidesorevenadvancedbookings,confidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.Thepointisthatthenew,alongwiththedifferent,isalmostscarybydefinition.Buteachtimeyoutrysomething,youlearn,andasthelearningpilesup,theworldopenstoyou.I'velearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineRiverinaballoon.AndIknowI'llgoondoingsuchthings.It'snotbecauseI'mbraverormoredaringthanothers.I'mnot.ButI'llacceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandIbelieveIcanaccomplishwonders.Theauthoracceptedtheassignmentbecause .hehadnevertravelledabroadbeforehehardlyknewanyforeignlanguageshewasfamiliarwithanyothercountryinEuropehewouldlearnsomethingnewanddifferentbytryingWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？Theauthorhadbeenabroadonlytwice.Theauthorthoughtthetripwashardbutworthwhile.Theauthoradmittedthatanythingdifferentwasterrible.Theauthormustbegoodatdoingresearchandmakinginterviews.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthoris .A.awkward B.generous C.stubborn D.braveWhat'sthebesttitleofthetext？A.AnInterestingTripAbroad B.MyFirstWritingAssignmentC.ReadytoTryandChallenge D.HowtoBeDaringandBrave.DWhatisthesecretofhappiness?Anewstudyfindsthathappinesscomesfromexercise.Peoplewhoexerciseactivelybringthemselveshappinessequaltoearninganextra$25,000ayear.Insteadofrecordingextrahoursatworkinhopesofgettingaraise,maybeyoushouldhitthegyminstead,asitcouldmakeyoujustashappyasthatextramoney.Aninterestingnewstudy,publishedintheLancet,foundthatpeoplewhoarephysicallyactivehaveagreatersenseofwell—beingthanthosewhoareinactive-andthatactiveindividualsfeelasgoodasinactivepeoplewhoearn$25,000moreperyear.ResearchersfromOxfordandYaleUniversitiesuseddatagatheredfrommorethan1.2milionAmericans.Theywereasked,“Howmanytimeshaveyoufeltmentallyunwellinthepast30days.forexample,duetostress,depression,oremotionalproblems?”Participantswerealsoaskedabouttheirexercisehabitsandwereabletochoosefrom75diversephysicalactivities,includingdoinghouseworkandchildcare,running,weightlifting,andcycling.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoexerciseregularlyfeelbadforanaverageof35daysperyear,whileinactivepeoplefeelbadforanadditional18days.Allexercisetypeswereassociatedwithalowermentalhealthburden.Socialphysicalactivities(thatistosay,teamsportssuchasfootball,basketball,etc)hadanevenmorepositiveeffect,whichcanbesthelppeoplerelaxmind.Itispossibleforsometogettoomuchexercise.FromBusinessInsider'sreportonthestudy.“Thementalhealthofthoseparticipantswhoexercisedforlongerthanthreehoursadaysufferedmorethanthatofthosewhoweren'tparticularlyphysicallyactive.”Theidealamountseemstobethreetofivetrainingsessionsperweek.lasting30to60minuteseach.Buttheconclusionshouldbethatanyamounthelps,sodon'tstressabouthittingthatperfectbalance:“Allexercisetypeswereassociatedwithalowermentalhealthburdenthannotexercising.”12.ThequestionaskedinParagraphoneismeantto .A.introducetheresearchers B.tellthesecretC.drawaconclusion D.leadtothetopicWhichexercisebelowcanhelpusrelaxmindmosteffectively?A.Running B.Walkingalone. C.Playingfootball D.Keepingfitinthegym.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat .peoplewhoexerciseactivelymayfeelbadforabout35daysperyear.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thehighermentalhealthburdenyouwillget.overdoingexercisingwilldoharmtopeople'smentalhealth.doingexerciseisbetterthannotdoingit.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Exercisecanbringasmuchpleasureasanincomerise.Thesecretofhappinesshasnothingtodowithwealth.Choosingtherightformofexerciseisofvitalimportance.Thekeytokeepyoungistoexerciseregularly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Haveyoueverbeenonsocialmediaandseenyourfavouritesuperstarstalkingaboutaproduct?Theseendorsements（代言）mightnotbetotallyaccidental,andareactuallyseenasaimportantpartofthemarketingprocess. 16 .Humandesireformakingfriends,combinedwithourneedtobelongtoagroup,makeuseasytobe‘sociallyinfluenced’. 17 .So,whatdotheseendorsementsactuallydo?Firstly,theycanbeusedtobuildbrand（品牌）awareness.Asocialmediainfluencershouldhaveastrongunderstandingoftheplatformtheyoperateon,andthereforecancreateengagingcontentthatnotonlycontributestothebrandimage,butsparkstheirfollowers’interestsinaproducttheymightneverhaveseenbefore.Secondly,influencerscanimproveacompanyorproduct’srelationshipwiththeircustomerbase.AccordingtoInMoment’s2018USRetailCXTrendsReportoncustomerloyalty,77%ofbuyershavebeenbrandloyalformorethantenyears. 18 .Apopularstarcantalkorblogaboutaproduct,whichcancreateaninstantandlastingbondwiththeconsumer. 19 .Wearemorelikelytorespondto‘peerrecommendation’thantraditionalads,meaningthefactweseeaninfluencerasa‘friend’canmakeuslesslikelytobescepticalaboutwhatweareseeing.So,thenexttimeyouseeacelebritytalkingaboutaproduct,youmightwanttoconsiderit. 20 .Ifyoufindyourselfperusing（细看）aproductyou’veseenonsocialmedia,youmaywellhavebeeninfluenced.Finally,it’seasiersaidthandone.Thisisalsotrueof60%ofmillennials（千禧一代）.Thequestionis:wherecanwefindtheinformationofit?Sohowdosocialmediainfluencers‘influence’whatyoubuy?Lastly,influencerscanimprovecustomerbuyinghabitswithseemingly‘fairopinion’.Itcouldbeacarefullycraftedmarketingstrategydesignedtotargetyourcoreneeds.Companiesoftenusethatdesiretohaveasimilarlifestyletoacelebrityweadmiretohawkorlaunchaproduct.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Myveryfirstjobwastoteachagroupoflovelyfour-year-olds.Oneday,awomanenteredmy 21 .Shestoodnexttothedoorquietly, 22 thechildrenandme,butwhenI 23 shewasgone.LaterIfoundoutthewomanwasa 24 parentattheschool.Herlittlegirlwasbornwithverypoor 25 .Shewouldfalloverifshewaspushed,evenslightly. 26 ,shewantedherdaughtertobetaughtina 27 classroom.WhenKellyarrivedatourschool,thefirstdaywentreally 28 ;sheonlyfellovertwice.Afterseveraldaysofcarryinghertoandfromtheyard,Ithought,whynot 29 hertowalkalittlebyherself?ThenIencouragedKellytobeginherfirst 30 downthehallway.Afterafewweeks,Kelly 31 itallthewaytotheplayground!OneweekinDecember,Kellywas 32 forseveraldays.WhenIcalledherhomeIwastoldshewasgettingherannual 33 withherdoctors.Whenhermombroughtherbacktoschool,sheaskedifIhadbeendoinganything 34 withKelly.Iwasn’tquitesurewhatshe 35 .Thencamethesuddenquestion,“HaveyoubeenforcingKellyto 36 ?”Ivery 37 toldherthatIhadencouragedKellytowalkbyherself.Tomy 38 ,themothersaidexcitedly,“Herlegshavegottenmore 39 inthepastfewmonthsthaninthepastfouryearsofherlife.”Shelookedatmewithtearsinhereyes.“Idon’tknowhowto 40 youforeverythingyouhavedoneformydaughter.”21.A.apartmentB.officeC.classroomD.house22.A.observingB.followingC.surrounding D.questioning23.A.lookedbackB.lookeddownC.lookedout D.lookedup24.A.potentialB.singleC.commonD.popular25.A.memoryB.hearingC.eyesightD.balance26.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile27.A.regularB.realC.quietD.special28.A.quicklyB.wellC.safelyD.wrong29.A.warnB.makeC.tellD.inspire30.A.adventureB.journeyC.dayD.ride31.A.pushedB.keptC.madeD.took32.A.absentB.lostC.illD.alone33.A.appointmentB.examC.checkupD.service34.A.carefullyB.kindlyC.cruellyD.differentlyA.knewA.leaveA.disappointedlyA.surpriseA.advantageA.contact第二节(共10小题;B.meantB.practiceB.simplyB.enjoymentB.carethankheardC.runC.softlyC.annoyanceC.exerciseC.blamethoughtD.walkD.happilyD.sorrowD.attentionD.pay每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Hand-washingisoneofthesimplestandthemost___41.___(effect)waystopreventthespreadofCOVID-19.Andyet,somepeoplestillfail___42.___(wash)theirhandseffectively.However,thereisonelastprocedurethat___43.___theydrytheirhandsmightsavetheday.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,foundthatbothpapertowelsandjetairhanddryers—thetwomainwayspeopledrytheirhandsinpublictoilets—cansignificantlyreducevirus___44.___(pollute).Butthereisstillabigdifferencebetweenthetwo.Intheirstudy,scientistscontaminatedthehandsofparticipantswithaharmlessvirus.Tosimulate(模拟)poorlywashedhands,participants___45.___(ask)nottowashthematallbefore___46.___wipingthemwithpapertowelsorputtingthemunderahanddryer.Scientiststhentestedsurfaces___47.___theparticipantstouchedafterward—doors,elevatorbuttonsandphones,forexample.Theyfoundthaton10outof11surfaces,thecontaminationwasmuchheavierafter 48. (touch)byablow-driedhandthana 49. (towel-w