2020年祁东县第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析

2020年祁东县第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANeweventsandchangesofjuniorgolfcompetitioncalendarNeweventsNotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionshipWhatdoesajuniorgolferaimtopursue?Onethingistobenoticed,ideallybyacollegecoach.AremarkableopportunitywillbeofferedbytheNotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionshiptoitsparticipants:aneventbroadcastbyGolfChannel.Playersagedbetweeneightand18cancompeteinthenewevent;informationaboutwhereandwhenitwillbeheldwillbereleasedlater.BarbasolJuniorChampionshipBeginningthecareerinthePGATourissomethingthatajuniorgolfertendstodreamof.TheBarbasolJuniorChampionship,whichisscheduledtotakeplacebetweenJune29andJuly2atKeeneTraceGolfClubinNicholasville,Kentucky,willprovidesuchanopportunity.Boysunder19yearsoldwillqualifyforthisnew54-holeevent,andthewinnerwillbeawardedaspotatthePGATour'sBarbasolChampionshipinJuly.ChangedeventsThunderbirdInternationalJuniorThedatesoftheAJGA'sThunderbirdInternationalJuniorhavetobechangedsincetheNCAAChampionshipsmovetoGrayhawkGolfClubinScottsdale,Arizona,forthenextthreeyears.Generally,theThunderbirdisplayedattheendofMay.However,thisyearitisscheduledondifferentdatesforthefirsttime,fromApril9to12,whichmeans,ofcourse,thatthefinishdateisonMastersSunday.GatorInvitationalJuniorgolfintendstoprepareforthefollowingcollegegolf.Ifthisisthecase,thenitiscrucialtosimulatethehigher-levelexperienceasmuchaspossible.Becauseofthat,theGatorInvitational,asajuniorboys'event,hasmadeasignificantdecisiononbecominga54-holeeventbyaddingaroundthisyear.ThenewversionwillbeplayedfromMarch13to15atTheCountryClubofJacksoninJackson,Mississippi.WhicheventcanbewatchedonTV?A.NotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionship. B.BarbasolJuniorChampionship.C.ThunderbirdInternationalJunior.D.GatorInvitational.WhenwilltheThunderbirdInternationalJuniorbeplayed?A.AttheendofMay. B.FromApril9to12.C.BetweenJune29andJuly2. D.FromMarch13to15.WhathasbeenchangedabouttheGatorInvitational?A.Theawardgiventothewinner B.Theplacewhereitisplayed.C.Therequiredageoftheplayers. D.Thenumberofroundsithas.BBraincellsworktoactivelyforgetmemoriesduringaspecificperiodofsleep.Whenwesleepourbrainsclearoutthememorieswe’vemadewhilewe’reawake,decidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.Forgettingisanactiveprocess,explainedtheauthorsofthestudypublishedinthejournalScience.Butlessisknownaboutthisprocessduringthedifferentperiodsofsleep.Theyfoundthatduringtherapideyemovement(REM)sleepperiod—oractivesleepwhenwearethoughttodream—specialnervecellsappeartoactivelycontributetoforgetting.Whatareknownasmelanin-concentratinghormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神经元)sitinthehypothalamus(下丘脑):apartofthebrainwhichhelpswitharangeoffunctionssuchassleep,appetiteandemotions.PastresearchhassuggestedthesecellshelptocontrolREMsleeppatterns:activatingtheMCHneuronsincreasingtimespentinthisperiod,whilepreventingthemreducingchangesintothisperiod.ThescientistslookedatMCHcellsinmice,andfound52.8percentwereactiveduringREMsleep,comparedwith35percentwhenthemicewereawake.Studyco-authorThomasKilduff,directoroftheCenterforNeuroscienceatSRIInternational,toldNewsweektheteamwassurprisedtofindthatmiceperformedbetteronlearningandmemorytaskswhentheMCHcellswereprevented.“ThisresultsuggeststhatactivationoftheMCHneuronsmayaffectmemory—thatis,MCHneuronsmayfacilitateforgetting,”Kilduffexplained.Whenaskedwhatmotivatedthestudy,Kilduffsaid,“WehopetheworkcoulddeepenourunderstandingofAlzheimer’sdisease.Understandingtheneuralbasisoflearningandmemoryisahugeareaofneuroscienceresearchbecauseofitseffectsonoureverydaylives,aswellasdiseasessuchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Priortothiswork,noonesuspectedthatMCHneuronshadanythingtodowithforgetting,”saidKilduff.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?Forgettingisapassiveprocess.Theforgettingprocessisknowntous.Somememoriesareforgottenwhileweareawake.Certainmemoriesareremovedwhileweareasleep.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?REMsleeppatterns.Pastresearches.MCHneurons.Arangeoffunctions.WhydidKilduff’steamconducttheresearch?TopublishthestudyinthejournalScience.ToknowmoreaboutAlzheimer’sdisease.Tocontributetohuman’sforgetting.Toexploreoureverydaylives.WhatcanweknowaboutMCH?MCHcellstakescontrolofREMsleeppatterns.MCHneuronsmaydisturbmemoryconsolidation.MCHneuronshavenothingtodowithforgetting.MCHcellshelpmiceperformingbetteronlearning.CAstudenthadtogethislonghaircutoffinamiddleschoolinGuangDongProvince.Itwastalkedalotamongteachersandstudents.Infact,allschoolshavetheirownrules.Inmostschools,boystudentsarenotallowedtohavelonghairwhilegirlsarenotallowedtodyetheirhair.Andmostschoolrulessaythatstudentsshouldweartheirschooluniformsatschool.Andstudentsmustobeytheserulessothattheycangethealthydevelopmentatschool.Butsomestudentshavedisagreements.Theythinkthatboystudentshavinglonghairdoesn'tmeanthattheyarenotgoodstudents.Theywanttoshowtheirownpersonality.Theythinkthattheywouldlookcooltooiftheyhadlonghairandthehairstylesliketheirfavoritestars.Agirlstudentthoughtthatshewouldlookmuchmorebeautifulifshehadbrownhair.Soshehadherdarkhairdyedbrownoneday.Whenshewentbacktoschoolthenextday,theteacherwasveryangrywithher.Shesaidthatsheworkedhardatherlessonsanddidwellineverysubject.Shejustdidn'tknowwhytheteacherdidn'tallowhertodyeherhairwhilewomenteacherscan.Itisnotwrongforteenagerstolovestars'hairstylesorweartheirfavoriteclothes.However,aschoolhasitsownrulesforallthestudentstoobeysothattheschoolcanbeingoodorder.Studentsshouldnotbreaktherulesatschool.Whataren'tboystudentsallowedtodoinmostmiddleschoolsaccordingtothispassage?A.Tohavelonghair. B.Towearuniforms.C.Tolikefamousstars. D.Toshowtheirownpersonalities.Whydidthegirlmakeherhairbrown?Becauseshewantedtobecool.Becauseshethoughtthatshewouldlookmuchmorebeautiful.Becauseshewantedtomakeherteacherangry.DBecausewomenteachersdyedtheirhair.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheseschoolrules?Thestudentsshouldbeagainstthem.Theyarebadforstudents.Theycanmakeschoolsingoodorder.Theycan'tmakestudentsgrowhealthily.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Hairstylesandclothes. B.Schoolboysandschoolgirls.C.Studentsandfamousstars. D.Schoolrules.DTexashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-year3$533H攻击）weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache（贮存）everpurchasedinoneday.Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation（立法forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPTagelimitmentalconditiononlineregistrationgun-operatingskillsWhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.Disrespectforofficers.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.Difficultyincrimeprevention.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?Negative.Cautious.Indifferent.D.Approving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项七选五（每题2分，共5个，共10分）WhatCanWeSeeinaLogo?Weseehundredsoflogosonsigns,vehicles,websites,andevenontheclotheswewear.Alloftheselogosaredesignedtoattractourattention. 16 However,recentlyresearchsupportstheideathatrememberingwhatalogolookslikeisaverydifficulttask.Researchersgave85studentsasimpleassignmenttodrawtheApplelogopurelyfrommemory.Surprisingly,onlyonestudentinthestudycouldaccuratelydrawthelogofrommemory. 17 Researchershavedevelopedatheorythattheythinkmighthelptoexplainthisblindspotinourmemories.Logosaretypicallydesignedtobesimpleandeasytorecognizewithaquickglance.Yetthefrequentexposuretotheselogoscanactuallymakeourbrainsoverlookthem.Thisprocessisknownas“attentionalsaturation（注意力饱和）.”18 Eventhoughthebrainisaccustomedtoignoringunnecessarydetails,itisalsoprogrammedforrecognition.Whenweseeimagessuchaslogosoverandoveragain,webecomefamiliarwiththem.Thisconstantexposureleadstosomethingscientistsrefertoasgist（梗概）memory. 19 Thisgeneralsenseofmemoryhasitsownbenefits.Infact,familiaritywithapopularlogocanevenmakepeoplefeelmorecomfortableaboutpurchasingorusingcertainproducts.Logosareeverywherewelooktoday.Afancydesignorathoughtfulcolor1combinationmaybeagoodstartforalogoconcept,butthereareotherfactorstoconsider. 20 Acleverdesignmaybeinteresting,butmostpeoplewillforgetthedetails—especiallyifourbrainshaveanythingtosayaboutit.A.Thismaybeinspiringtologodesigners.Peoplewillknowtheproductbehindthelogo.Sowhyisitsodifficultforpeopletorecallthedetailsofimages?Theyalsohelpusrememberaproductorserviceconnectedtothatimage.Itmeansthatourbrainremembersthebasicideawithoutallofthedetails.Ourbrainsactuallysignalustoignoreinformationwedon’tthinkwewillneedtoremember.Logodesignersneedtoknowthatpeoplewillonlyrememberwhattheybelieveisworthwhile.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项IlovethefeelingofflyingwhenIswing（荡秋千）outsideatschoolduringclassbreaks.My___21___flies,andIsmileandlaugh.There’sonlyonethingIhateaboutswinging:Foralongtime,myfriendRyleawas___22___toswingwithme.Ryleausesawheelchairto___23___duetoillness.InalltheyearsI’veknownher,at___24___,shehadtositinherwheelchair___25___onthesidewalk.Itmademefeelsad.Everykid___26___thechancetoplay,SoI___27___todosomethingforRylea.MymomandIdidsome___28___aboutinstalling（安装）swingswhichwheelchairsare___29___to.Wetalkedtomyheadmaster.Eachswingcostsabout$10,000.Wewantedto 30 thematourschoolandatotherschoolsinourarea.Wetalkedtoalotofpeopleaboutthe 31 .Itturnedoutthataneducationalcharitywantedtohelppayforit.We 32 T-shirtsandbracelets（手镯）toraisemoney.The 33 programtookalmosttwoyears.MyfamilyandI 34 $12,000.Onedayafterclass,Rylea 35 theswingontheplaygroundforthefirsttime.Itwasthedayafterherbirthday,whichmadeitextra 36 .Shegotreallyexcited.Watchingherswingwas 37 cool.Herhairblew,andshesmiledand 38 .ShelikedswingingasmuchasIdo,Iguessthat’sbecausewe’resomuch 39 .Makingitpossibleforhertoswingbroughtmeprideand 40 .1thinkIactuallychangedherlifealittle.21.A.hairB.timeC.collar D.mind22.A.desperateB.forgetfulC.unableD.unwilling23.A.foolaroundB.getaroundC.goupD.situp24.A.workB.homeC.breakD.table25.A.parkedB.blockedC.trappedD.abandoned26.A.graspsB.harvestsC.obtainsD.deserves27.A.pretendedB.hesitatedC.botheredD.determined28.A.operationB.researchC.experimentsD.interviews29.A.accessibleB.attractiveC.closeD.beneficial30.A.placeB.gatherC.exhibitD.occupy31.A.schoolB.responseC.projectD.restriction32.A.selectedB.soldC.exchangedD.recommended33.A.regularB.strangeC.wholeD.troublesome34.A.withdrewB.chargedC.borrowedD.collected35.A.imaginedB.inspectedC.repairedD.noticed36.A.vividB.complexC.specialD.ridiculous37.A.slightlyB.franklyC.universallyD.lyA.yawned B.laughed C.trembledA.alike B.stubborn C.dependentD.breathedD.straightforwardA.motivation B.joy C.wisdom D.sympathy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Beforediscoveringelectricity,peoplereliedonfireasasourceoflight.Itwasatroublesomebusiness 41. firescanleadtodisaster.Makingfiredependablewassodifficultthatlightsonmovingvehicleswere 42. (hard)everconsidered.Theearlytrains 43. (travel)onlyduringtheday.Thetracksweretoodangerousduringdarknights,andpassengersalsowantedtosee 44. theyweretravelinganyway.Inthelate1830s,railroadtrafficbecamesoheavythatfreighttrains(货运火车)hadtoputoffpassengertrains.45.(avoid)theseput-offs,railroadsstartedrunningfreighttrainsatnight.HoratioAllen’s1831 46. (invent),the“Trackilluminator(照明器),”wassuddenlyindemand.Itwasapileofspecialwood47.(burn)inanirongratethatsatinaboxofsandonaplatformcar,whichwaspushedahead 48. thetrain.Theilluminatordidnotcastmuchlight,butitwarnedofanapproachingtrain.In1851,thefirst 49. (electricity)headlampwasdeveloped.Russiaranthefirsttrain 50. wasequippedwithabattery-poweredone.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节短文改错(满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(回)并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Deareditor,I’mwrittentotellyouaboutthediscussionwe’vehadaboutthatentrancefeesshouldbechargedforparks.Therearetwodifferentopinionsaboutaquestion.60%ofthestudentsisagainsttheideaofentrancefees.Theybelieveapublicparkshouldbefreely.Peopleneedaplacetorestandenjoythem.Chargingentrancefeeswillkeepsomepeopleaway.Anditwillbecomenecessarybuildgatesandwalls,whichwillbeharmfultotheappearanceofacity.However,40%ofthestudentsthinkthatfeesshouldbechargedbecauseofmoneyisneededtopaygardenersandotherworkerandtobuyplantsandyoungtrees.Theysuggest,therefore,feesshouldn’tbechargedtoohigh.Yours,Tom第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Asafather,Iwasalwaysseekingforopportunitiestoteachmysonhowtobalanceriskwithfreedom.Lastmonth,Iboughtfourlittlechicks.Idecidedtomakeabeautifulcoop（鸡笼）forthem.Inthenextfewweeks,I,togetherwithmysonGordon,spentalloursparetimeinthegarage.Finally,thecoopwasfinished.Whileadmiringhiswell-madehandwork,Gordonsuddenlyraisedhisheadandasked,“Dad,shallwelockthechicksinthecoopall