UNIT3课时跟踪检测(一)ReadingandThinking

UNIT3课时跟踪检测（一）ReadingandThinking［语言基础训练］I.单词拼写Seals（海豹）arefoundthroughouttheocean,withlargenumbersalongtheAntarcticcoast.Thelistofwinnershasjustbeenreleased（发布）.Theproblemwashowtocreateandsustain（维持）publicinterest.Theactofchoppingdowntreescreates17percentoftheworld'semissions（排放物）ascarbon.（2021•浙江6月高考）Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide（遍及全球地），amonmunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.（2020•全国卷II）Theplumtreesarethefirsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting（融化）.Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbon,footprint.Usingalternativefuels（燃料）andimprovingenergyefficiencyisthusbothanecologicalnecessityandatechnologicalchallenge.n.单句语法填空Themoneyspentonspaceexplorationcouldhavebeenusedtosolvesuchproblemsasstarvation（starve）andpollution.LargedamshaveharmedSiberia'sdelicateecological（ecology）balance.Hespentabout£70,000buyingahabitable（habit）house.Chinawillremainalargeandsustainable（sustain）consumerofrawmaterials.Thecourseprovidesaprehensive（prehend）viewofShakespeareanliterature.（2020•全国愚II）Higher-ineparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently（frequent）,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.Infact,millionsoftravelinsurancepolicies（policy）havehadtobeupdatedtokeepupwiththegrowingtraveltrend.（2020•江苏高考）Wuhandeclaredtemporaryoutbound（向外的）trafficrestrictions（restrict）.ni.选词填空takeaction9resultin,leadto,alongwith,haveanimpacton,betrappedin,refertoThereisalistofeverythingyouwillneedalongyvithasetofsimpleinstructions.Keepinganimalsatzooshashadan]mpact°iithestatusofmostendangeredspecies.Whenfacedwithadifficulty,Iusuallychoosetorefer」。relevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.Onceyouargjrappeajvnegativethoughts,yourbrainignoreseverythingelse.Allroadsleac|」oRome,asthesayinggoes.StressandtirednessoftenresultJnalackofconcentration.Weneedmoretimetoseehowthingsdevelopbeforewetakeaction.W.完成句子.如果你的朋友指出来你的错误，你不但要愉快地接受他说的话，而且要心怀感激。(notonly...butalso...)Ifyourfriendremindsyouofyourmistakes,takewhathesaysnot9nlypleasaiitlybutalsogratefuHy..他是否会出席会议值得怀疑。(doubt同位语从句)Therejssomednebt)vhetherhewillturnupinthemeeting..坐这班公共汽车的旅客到售票处买票。(现在分词短语作后置定语)Passengerstravelin”—OnJhiSDusbuytheirticketsattheticketoffice..我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。WhenIgrowup,I'l]Dcajiurseandlookafterpatients..抓住这次机会来提高你的英语是有必要的。(seize)ItisnecessarytQseizgthe°pp()rtiinity]QimproveyourEnglish.V.课文语法填空Wehaveknownaboutclimatechangefordecades.Thereislittledoubtl.thatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.In2013,alotofpeople2・were§h()cked(shock)byanewsphotoofadeadpolarbear3.found(find)onNorway,sArcticislandofSvalbard.Thisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehad4.animpactonEarth*secology.The“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbeeabigproblem.MoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarthfssurfacetemperaturetorise5.quickly(quick).Thereisstrongand6prehensive(prehend)evidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresult7.infurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Itisour8,responsibility(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunity9,toeducate(educate)everyoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissue10>affecting(affect)allofusonthisplanet［主题阅读训练］I.阅读理解ATheAntarctic'ssnow-whiteenvironmentisgoinggreenandfacingotherunexpectedthreats.Scientistssaythatastemperaturesgoupinthepolarareas9invading（侵袭）plantsandinsects,includingtheflies,causeamajorthreat.Moreandmoreoftheseinvaders,intheformoflarvae（幼虫）orseeds,aresurvivingincoastalareasaroundtheSouthPole,wherethetemperaturehasrisenbyalmost3℃overthepastfivedecades.GIaciershavemelted,exposingmorelandwhichhasbeenoccupiedbymossesthathavebeenfoundtobegrowingmorequicklyandthicklythaneverbefore一providingpotentialgreenhomesforinvaders.“ThemonhousefliesareaperfectexampleoftheproblemtheAntarcticnowfacesfrominvadingspecies,“saidDominicHodgsonoftheBritishAntarcticSurvey."Theyarrivebyship,wheretheyexistinkitchens.TheynowhaveanincreasingchanceofsurvivingintheAntarcticasitwarmsup,andthatisaworry.Insectslikethehousefliescarrybacteriathatcouldhaveadeadlyeffectonnativelifeforms.”TheAntarctichasseveralnativespeciesofinsects.Togetherwithitsnativemosses,thesearenowunderincreasedthreatfromthreemajorsources:visitingscientists,increasingnumberoftouristsandglobalwarming.However,itisglobalwarmingthatisthemaindriverofthe“greening"oftheAntarctic.Inthe2015—2016travelseason,morethan38,000touristsvisitedtheAntarctic.aThesetouristsareoftenverycarefulaboutnotleavingwaste.ButtheycouldcarryseedsorlarvaeontheirbootswhentheysetfootontheAntarctic,“saidDominic.MoreandmoreinvadinginsectsandplantshavebeenfoundontheAntarcticandhaverequiredremoval."TheinsectsandplantsthatarenativetotheAntarctichavesurvivedthereforthousandsofyears,“saidDominic.uWehavetoactnowifwewanttosavetheenvironment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是由于全球气温上升等原因，各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险之中。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mosses”inParagraph3referto?A.Houseflies. B.Coastalareas.C.Akindofplants. D.Akindofanimals.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"thathavebeenfoundtobegrowingmorequicklyandthicklythaneverbefore-providingpotentialgreenhomesforinvaders可知，画线词指的是一种植物，故选C。WhatdoweknowaboutthehousefliesintheAntarctic?TheyarenativetotheAntarctic.Theywilldieoutbecauseofthefreezingweather.TheyetotheAntarcticfromnearbyislandsontheirown.TheycouldseverelyinfluencethenativespeciesoftheAntarctic.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，像家蝇一样的昆虫所携带的细菌会严重影响南极地区当地的物种。故选D。WhatisthemaincauseoftheAntarcticgoinggreen?Thearrivalofscientists.Theincreasingnumberofvisitors.Therapidspreadofnativeplants.Therisingtemperaturearoundtheworld.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，南极地区变绿的主要原因是全球气候变暖。故选D。Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?TheAntarcticIsBeingGreenandEnergeticVariousThreatsArePuttingtheAntarcticatRiskMoreandMoreScientistsGettoExploretheAntarcticGlobalWarmingCausestheTemperatureintheAntarctictoGoUp解析：选B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险中。故选B。B（2021年1月新高考8省联考卷）Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives.Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoicesthan,lefssay,20yearsago.Butonequestionhasbeenonmymindalotlately:isitbettertobuyneweco-friendlyproductsorusedtraditionallyproducedgoods?Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ihavedecidedthatsomethingsarebetternewandothersarcbetterused.Letmetrytoexplain.Acarbonfootprintismadeupoftwoparts,theprimaryfootprintandthesecondaryfootprint.Theprimaryfootprintisameasureofourdirectemissions（排放）ofcarbondioxide（CO2）fromtheburningoffuels,includinghouseholdenergyconsumptionandtransportation.ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelifecycleofproductsweuse—thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown.Basedonthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe^secondaryfootprint”group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.However,forthecarandtheotherappliances（设备）thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.Iheardsomewherethatelectronicsandappliancesgiveoff90%oftheircarbonfootprintaftertheyleavethefactory.Soitseemsmostreasonabletogofortheenergy-savingmodels.Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者一直致力于践行环保生活方式、寻找减少碳足迹的方法。对于近来一直困惑他的一个难题：是买新的环保产品还是继续使用旧的传统产品？作者通过研究和举例详细指出了不同的物品要有不同的对待方法。Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Whatappliancestobuytosaveenergy.Whatacarbonfootprintmeansinourlife.Howtoidentifydifferentcarbonfootprints.Howtomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoices.解析：选D主旨大意题。文章第一段提到了作者寻求环保的生活方式来减少碳足迹，由此引出碳足迹的概念。第二段中又提到作者在做了一些研究之后得出结论——不同的物品要区别对待。接下来的段落分别举例哪些产品适合用最新的节约版本，那些适合沿用老产品，故本文主要讲述了如何选择环保的生活方式，故选D。Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondarycarbonfootprint?Itisrelatedtoourconsumptionoffuels.Itismadewhenwearebuyingtheproducts.Itislessharmfulthantheprimarycarbonfootprint.Itiscountedasoursthoughnotdirectlymadebyus.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，第二碳足迹是对于我们所使用产品的整个生命周期（包括产品的生产和分解）的间接二氧化碳排放量的度量，由此可知，第二碳足迹虽然不是由我们直接造成的，但也算作我们的碳足迹的一部分。故选D。Whichofthefollowinghelpsreduceourcarbonfootprintaccordingtotheauthor?Usingsecond-handtextbooks.Usingoldandexpensivecars.Buyingnewbutcheapclothes.Buyingnewwoodenfurniture.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothesecondaryfootprint9group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction/^可知，像盘子、衣服和家具之类的东西属于“第二碳足迹”，这一类的东西越少越好，所以可以集中精力寻找二手货，以避免增加生产从而降低我们的碳足迹，故排除C、D选项;再根据However,forthecarandtheotherappliances（设备）thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.”可知，车辆还是用新的节能款比较好，可以降低我们的碳足迹，故排除B选项。故选A。“Thefootprint”underlinedinthelastsentencereferstotheCO2producedinA.usingtheproduct B.recyclingtheproductC.makingtheproduct D.transportingtheproduct解析：选A词义猜测题。根据文章最后一andwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.”可知，那些额外的碳（排放）是否值得这个产品在到你手里之后所产生的碳足迹，也就是说在你使用产品的时候。故选A。n.阅读七选五Kidsmaybeyoungandsmall.[Therearelotsofeasywaystoteachyourkidsabouttheirresponsibilitytotheearth.Makerecyclingasortinggamewithyourkids.—2—Sortingteacheskidsaboutsizes,shapes,similaritiesanddifferences.Turnrecyclingintoabrain-buildinggamebysettingasideallyourrecyclablematerials.Turnoffthetapwhenbrushingteeth.Saveupto8gallonsofwateradayperpersonsimplybyturningoffthetapwhileyouandyourkidsbrushyourteethinthemorningandatnight!3Tohelpyoungkidsunderstandtheimportanceofwater,havethemthinkofallthewaystheyusecleanwatereveryday,likedrinking,cooking,andbathing.Iftheyunderstandtheconnections,t