2021年湖北省黄冈市武穴居杠中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

2021年湖北省黄冈市武穴居杠中学高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Some76,800highschoolstudentswentabroadfortheireducationlastyear,

_________23percentofallChinesestudentsstudyingabroad．A.accountingfor

B.puttingup

C.settingup

D.consistingof参考答案：A2._____nomodernlogistics(物流)industry,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetthegoodsfromtheinternet.A.Hadtherebeen

B.Ifthereare

C.Werethere

D.Iftherehavebeen参考答案：C3.Somememoriesmaybekeptinaperson’smindforareallylongperiodoftime,andsomeareeven_____.A.beneficial

B.avoidable

C.practical

D.permanent

参考答案：D4.There'sno_____foryoutocomeifyoudon'twantto.A.need

B.wonder

C.doubt

D.possibility参考答案：A5.Youcanonlybesureof

youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething

youmightgetinthefuture．A.that;what

B.what;/

C.which;that

D./;that参考答案：B略6.Aftera______quarrel,theybothleftinanger.A.strong

B.violent

C.hard

D.spiritual参考答案：B7.Tomhastwocousins,and______areengineers.A.bothofwhom

B.bothofthem

C.noneofthem

D.eitherofthem参考答案：B8.Keepondoingthatandyou’ll_____inserioustrouble.A.endup

B.holdup

C.growup

D.stayup参考答案：A9.Whilewaiting,shetriedto____hermind

withpleasantthoughtsofthevacation.A.occupy

B.take

C.cover

D.spend参考答案：A10.JackhadtraveledsixmilesacrosstheChannel________hisenginefailed.A.until

B.when

C.after

D.since参考答案：B11.

---Thegovernmentshouldthinkaboutthemedicalreformagainandtakemeasurestoimproveit.---

.Themedicalservicesandefficiencyarenotgoodatthemoment.A.You’reconfusingme

B.IcannotagreemoreC.That’sallright

D.Goahead,please参考答案：B12.Out_____,withastickinhishand.A.didherush

B.rushedhe

C.herushed

D.hedidrush参考答案：C略13.Allofushavereadthrillingstories theherohadonlyalimitedandspecifiedtimetolive.A.towhich B.inwhich C.withwhich D.aboutwhich参考答案：B14.—---Forgiveme.Yourname

meforthemoment.—Takeiteasy.I’mJane.A.covers

B.supports

C.adapts

D.escapes参考答案：D15.Onthewall______twolargepictures.A.hangs

B.hang

C.washanged

D.hanging参考答案：B16.Asadisabilityfromanaccident,movinginawheelchairinpublicisreallya____matterforme.Iwouldratherstayathomeallthetime.A.frightening

B.challenging

C.frustrating

D.inspiring参考答案：A二、完型填空17.BrianPetershadonethingtodobeforeleavinghisjobasapoliceofficerinBrooklyn.Hedecidedtospend$500he___21___forhisservicetobuy10giftcardsandhandedthemouttostrangersinBrooklynCenteronhis___22___day.Ittookhimabouttwohoursto___23___thecardsandthathecouldputsmilesonalotofpeople’s___24___,includingonewomanhestopped___25___noticingtheconditionofhercar.“Hercarwasreallyoldandreally___26___.Isawherscreenwiperswere___27___intheupposition,”Peterssaid.“I___28___whatIwasdoingandgaveheragiftcard,and___29___shelitupwithasmile.”Oncepeople___30___theinitialshockofwhathewasdoing,Peterssaidhe___31___alotmorehugsthatday.MoniqueDrier,who___32___withPeters,saidPetershas___33___wantedtogivebackanddidn’treallywanttheattention.“Hedidn’tevenhaveagoingaway___34___,”Driersaid.“Hehasalwaystriedto___35___thehumansideoflawpractice.Hewasagreat___36___andwillbedearlymissed.”Peters,whostartedhis___37___jobthreedaysago,saidhestillwantstocontinuegivingbacktothe___38___.“Communityserviceisextremely___39___,andwhenyou’refortunateinlife,youshouldgivebacktootherswhoaren’tasfortunateasyou,Peterssaid.That’swhat___40___theworldgoround.”21.A.earned B.created C.borrowed D.achieved22.A.first B.last C.victory D.great23.A.giveout B.giveaway C.giveup D.giveoff24.A.eyes B.heads C.mouths D.faces25.A.before B.until C.after D.since26.A.damaged B.destroyed C.ruined D.harmed27.A.placed B.laid C.set D.stuck28.A.announced B.declared C.explained D.appreciated29.A.gently B.kindly C.immediately D.totally30.A.overcame B.admitted C.believed D.struck31.A.accepted B.received C.agreed D.distributed32.A.stayed B.performed C.organized D.watched33.A.often B.always C.seldom D.hardly34.A.conference B.congratulation C.celebration D.party35.A.remember B.forget C.prevent D.insist36.A.soldier B.policeman C.teacher D.official37.A.convenient B.free C.different D.new38.A.world B.country C.community D.association39.A.authentic B.practical C.brilliant D.important40.A.forces B.equips C.makes D.explores参考答案：21.A

22.B

23.B

24.D

25.C

26.A

27.D

28.C

29.C

30.A

31.B

32.A

33.B

34.D

35.A

36.B

37.D

38.C

39.D

40.C本文是一篇记叙文。彼特斯警官是布鲁克林的一名警官，他在离职前一天自费给陌生人买礼物。他认为这是他回报自己所热爱的城市的一种方式。他将继续用自己的方式来回报社会，这是他认为让世界不断前进的原因。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.earned挣得；B.created创造；C.borrowed借来；D.achieved实现。句意:在离开他作为一名警官在布鲁克林的这份工作前，布莱恩·彼得斯想在他工作的最后一天做一件事，用他因为自己的服务所赚的500美元来回馈社会。earn表示“赚”。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.first第一；B.last最后的；C.victory胜利；D.great伟大的。最后一天用last。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.giveout分发；B.giveaway赠送；C.giveup放弃；D.giveoff发出（光）。他花了大约两小时赠送卡片。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.eyes眼睛；B.heads头；C.mouths嘴巴；D.faces脸。他让许多人的脸上绽放出微笑，其中包括一名在他发现了她的车子状况后拦下的女性。故选D。【25题详解】考查连词辨析。A.before在……之前；B.until直到才；C.after在……之后；D.since因为。句意：在注意到她的车况之后，他停了下来。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.damaged破坏；B.destroyed摧毁；C.ruined毁灭；D.harmed有害。她的车非常旧，非常破。可以修复的“破”，用damaged；destroy表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底的毁掉或毁灭，往往暗示无法修复；ruin表示“毁坏”“毁灭”，指彻底的毁坏；harm一般指对身心健康、名誉的损害。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.placed放置；B.laid放；C.set设置；D.stuck卡住。我看到她的挡风玻璃刮水器卡在了上面的位置。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.announced宣布；B.declared声明；C.explained解释；D.appreciated感激。句意：我向她解释了我正做什么，故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.gently轻轻地；B.kindly亲切地；C.immediately立即；D.totally完全的。明白了作者的意图后，她立即露出了笑容。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.overcame克服；消除；B.admitted承认；C.believed相信；D.struck卡住。彼得斯说一旦人们消除了对他所做之事的最初的震惊，他就会在那一天收到无数拥抱。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.accepted接受；B.received收到；C.agreed同意；D.distributed分配。表示“收到”无数拥抱，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.stayed待着；B.performed表演；C.organized

组织；D.watched看。和彼得斯待在一起的莫尼克·德里耶说，彼得斯总是想着回馈社会，但并不是真的想要获得关注。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.often经常；B.always总是；C.seldom很少；D.hardly几乎不。根据上下文可知，彼得斯总是想着回馈社会。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.conference会议；B.congratulation恭喜；C.celebration庆祝；D.party聚会。他甚至没有一个欢送聚会，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.remember记住；B.forget遗忘；C.prevent阻止；D.insist坚持。他总是试图记住执法时人性化的一面。他是一名伟大的警察，人们将深切地怀念他。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.soldier士兵；B.policeman警察；C.teacher老师；D.official官员。根据文章第一段第一句话BrianPetershadonethingtodobeforeleavinghisjobasapoliceofficerinBrooklyn.可知彼特斯是一名警察。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.convenient方便的；B.free自由的；C.different不同的；D.new新的。彼得斯于三天前开始了新工作，故选D。。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.world世界；B.country国家；C.community社会；D.association协会。根据下文Communityservice可知他一直都想要回报“社会”，故选C。【39题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.authentic真实；B.practical实际的；C.brilliant杰出的；D.important重要的。彼得斯说，服务社会是非常重要的，故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.forces强迫；B.equips装备；C.makes制造；让；使；D.explores探索。句意：那才是使得这个世界不断前进的原因。故选C。三、阅读理解18.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Decision-makingunderStress

Anewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages,causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative(负面的)consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn,”saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.”Forexample,tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment,someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheother,somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn’tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress–atthosemoments,onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter,butnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalled.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress,theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendtodobetter,whencautionweighsmore,however,womenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.

68.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto______.

A.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemory

B.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlessly

C.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequently

D.learnasubjectmoreeffectively69.Accordingtotheresearch,stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir______.

A.waysofmakingchoices

B.preferenceforpleasure

C.toleranceofpunishments

D.responsestosuggestions70.

Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,______.

A.womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabits

B.menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdown

C.womenfocusmoreonoutcomes

D.menaremorelikelytotakerisks参考答案：AAD19.TheU.S.Thanksgivingholidayissymbolized(象征)byitstraditionalfood-roastturkey.ButturkeyiscertainlynotfromTurkey.Infact,itsEnglishnameisbasedononebigmistake.Wecouldsayitisacaseofmistakenidentity.Theword"Turkey"hasmeant"thelandoftheTurks"sinceancienttimes.Inthemid-1500s,theword"turkey"wasfirstusedtorefertothebirdintheEnglishlanguage.Themisunderstandingoverthewordhappenedbecauseoftwosimilar-lookingkindsofbirds.ThereisanAfricanbirdcalledtheguineafowl(珍珠鸡).Ithasdarkfeatherswithwhitespotsandapatchofbrownonthebackofitsneck.TradersbroughttheguineafowltoEuropethroughNorthAfrica.ThisforeignbirdcametoEuropethroughTurkishlands.So,theEnglishthoughtthebirdasa"Turkishchicken".WhenEuropeanscametoNorthAmerica,theysawabirdthatlookedliketheguineafowl.ThisbirdwasnativetotheNorthAmericancontinent.Buttheythoughtthatitwastheguineafowl，which.atthattime,wascalledthe“turkeycock"，sotheygaveitthesamename.Hundredsofyearslater,wecontinuetocallthisNorthAmericanbird‘turkey",eventhoughithasnoconnectionatallwiththecountryTurkey,orevenwithEurope.ButEnglishisnottheonlylanguagewithinterestingnamesforthisNorthAmericanbird.TheTurkishcallturkey“hindi”,theTurkishnameforIndia.Thereference(涉及)toIndiaprobablyconiesfromtheold.wrongideathattheNewWorldwasinEasternAsia.TheFrenchcallit"dinde",anamethatalsoconnectsthebirdtoIndia."Dinde"means"fromIndia"intheFrenchlanguage."Turkey"hassimilarnamesinseveralotherlanguages.8.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Theword"turkey"appearedinmoderntimes.B.Turkey'sEnglishnameisbasedoncorrectidentity.C.AmericanslikeeatingturkeyinThanksgivingholiday.D.BothTurkeyandturkeyhavesimilarmeaningsinEnglish.9.Wheredidtheguineafowlcomefrom?A.Europe. B.Africa.C.America. D.Asia.10.Whatdoes"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.EasternAsia. B.TheFrenchlanguage.C.TheNewWorld. D.Thebirdturkey.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowdidThanksgiving"turkey"getitsname?B.HowdidAmericansspendtheirThanksgivingholiday?C.WhywastheguineafowlsopopularwithAmericans?D.WhywastheguineafowldifferentfromAmericanturkeys?参考答案：8.C

9.B

10.D

11.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了美国的感恩节传统食物“火鸡”名字的历史由来。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句TheU.S.Thanksgivingholidayissymbolizedbyitstraditionalfood-roastturkey.（美国的感恩节以传统食物烤火鸡为象征。）可知美国人喜欢在感恩节吃火鸡。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Thereis