2021届华东师范大学附属周浦中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析

2021届华东师范大学附属周浦中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhatareyouwaitingfor?Anewseriesofmoviesshownthisyearcan’tbemissed.Haveyouenjoyedthemalready?FrozenIIFrozenwasthehighestgrossing（票房）animatedfilmever.InFrozenIIElsa,Anna,OlafandKristleftoffArendelletoseekthesourceofElsa’sicymagic.Althoughthemillionsofchildrenwholovedthefirstfilmareoldernow,theymightgiveitareception.LastChristmasAfestiveromanticcomedy,EmiliaClarkestarsinLastChristmasasBridgetJonesy,ashopassistant,whoselifeinLondonisamess,andHenryGoldingastheeligiblebachelor（黄金单身汉）whotidiesitup.Thefilm'sdirector,PaulFeig,andco-writer,EmmaThompson,promisethatthefilmisworthexpecting.ABeautifulDayintheNeighborhoodTomHanksstarsinABeautifulDayintheNeighborhoodastheonlyAmericancelebrity（名人）morefamousthanheis.AsthehostofMisterRogers’Neighborhoodformorethan30years,FredRogersisalegendofpre-schoolchildren’stelevision,whichappealstoalargeaudience.Charlie’sAngelsHollywoodactionmoviesstarringwomenarerare.Buthaveyouseenamoviestarred,writtenanddirectedbywomen,too?Charlie’sAngelsisoneofthefirst.Areboot（翻拍）ofthe1970sTVseries,nottomentionthetwofilmsfrom2000and2003,thenewversionisdirectedbyElizabethBanks.ShealsoplaysBosley,oneofthefemaledetectiveswhoareemployedbyCharlesTownsendtogoonglobaladventures.Whichmoviebecamethemostpopularcartoonfilmthisyear?A.FrozenII. B.LastChristmas.C.ABeautifulDayintheNeighborhood. D.Charlie’sAngels.WhichcharacterworksonaTVstation?A.Krist. B.EmiliaClarke.C.FredRogers. D.Bosley.Whichactionmoviewasdirectedandstarredbyawoman?A.FrozenII. B.LastChristmas.C.ABeautifulDayintheNeighborhood. D.Charlie’sAngels.BItisaquestionpeoplehavebeenaskingforages.Isthereawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess?Forcenturies,peoplehavebeenlookingfora“fountainofyouth”.Theideaisthatifyoufindamagicalfountain,anddrinkfromitswaters,youwillnotage.ResearchersinNewYorkdidnotfindanactualfountainofyouth,buttheymayhavefoundawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess.Itappearstheanswermaybehiddenrightbetweenyoureyes,inanareacalledthehypothalamus（下丘脑）.Thehypothalamusispartofyourbrain.Itcontrolsimportantactivitieswithinthebody.ResearchersatNewYork’sAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicinefoundthathypothalamusneural（神经的）stemcellsalsoinfluencehowfastagingtakesplaceinthebody.Whatarestemcells（干细胞）？Theyaresimplecellsthatcandevelopintospecializedcells,likebloodorskincells.Stemcellscanalsorepairdamagedtissuesandorgans.DongshengCaiisaprofessorattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine.Hewastheleadresearcherinastudyonaginginmice.HeandhisteamreportedtheirfindingsinthejournalNature,Caiexplainedwhenhypothalamusfunctionisindecline,particularlythelossofhypothalamusstemcells,andthisprotectionagainsttheagingdevelopmentislost.iteventuallyleadstoaging.Usingthisinformation,theresearchersbegantryingtoactivate,orenergize,thehypothalamuslaboratorymice.Theydidthisbyinjectingtheanimalswithstemcells,Later,theresearchersexaminedtissuesandtestedforchangesinbehavior.Theylookedforchangesinthestrengthandcoordination（协调）oftheanimalsmuscles.Theyalsostudiedthesocialbehaviorandcognitiveabilityofthemice.Theresearcherssaytheresultsshowthatthetreatmentslowedagingintheanimals,Caisaysinjectingmiddle-agedmicewithstemcellsfromyoungermicehelpedtheolderanimalslivelonger.Buttheseresultswerejustfromstudyingmiceinalaboratory.Ifthemicecanlivelonger,doesthatmeanpeoplecouldhavelongerlives?Thenextstepistoseeiftheanti-agingeffectsalsoworkin.InParagraph2a“fountainofyouth”ismentionedto .introducethemaintopicshowahiddensecret.describescientistsresearchrecommendawaytostayyoungAgingtakesplaceinthebodywhen .stemcellsdevelopintospecializedcellsthereareimportantactivitieswithinthebodyhypothalamusneuralstemcellsfailtoprotectagainstagingthehypothalamusfailstorepairdamagedtissuesandorgansWhatdoweknowabouttheresearchersatAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicinefromthetext?Theydidexperimentstoseehowstemcellswork.Theystudiedmicetofindtheirconnectionwithhumans.Theyhavefoundapossiblewaytoslowtheagingprogress.TheyhavefoundnochangesinmicesbehaviorduringtheexperimentWhatwilltheresearchersprobablydonext?Theywillhelpsomeanimalslivelonger.Theywillannouncethefountainofyouthdoesn’texistTheywilldevelopproductstohelppeoplelivealongerlifeimmediatelyTheywilldoresearchtoseeifwhattheyhavefoundinmicewillapplytohumans.CInlife，onceonapath，wetendtofollowit，forbetterorworse.What'ssadisthatevenifit'sthelatter，weoftenacceptitanywaybecausewearesousedtothewaythingsarethatweddon'tevenrecognizethattheycouldbedifferentThisisaphenomenonpsychologistcallfunctionalfixedness.Thisclassicexperimentwillgiveyouanideaofhowitworksandasenseofwhetheryoumayhavefallenintothesametrap:Peoplearegivenaboxoftacks（大头钉）andsomematchesandaskedtofindawaytoattachacandletoawallsothatitburnsproperly.Typically,thesubjectstrytackingthecandletothewallorlightingittofixitwithmeltedwax.Thepsychologistshad,ofcourse,arrangeditsothatneitheroftheseobviousapproacheswouldwork.Thetacksaretooshort,andtheparaffin（石蜡）doesn'tsticktothewall.Sohowcanyoucompletethetask?Thesuccessfultechniqueistousethetackboxasacandl-eholder.Youemptyit,tackittothewall.andstandthecandleinsideit.Tothinkofthat,youhavetolookbeyondthebox'susualroleasareceptaclejustfortacksandre-imagineitservinganentirelynewpurpose.Thatisdifficultbecauseweallsuffertoonedegreeoranotherfromfunctionalfixedness.Theinabilitytothinkinnewwaysaffectspeopleineverycornerofsociety.ThepoliticaltheoristHannahArendtcoinedthephrase“frozenthoughts”todescribedeeplyheldideasthatwenolongerquestionbutshould.InArendt'seyes,theself-contentrelianceonsuchaccepted“truths”alsomadepeopleblindtoideasthatdidn'tfittheirworldview,evenwhentherewasplentyofevidenceforthem.Frozenthinkinghasnothingtodowithintelligence,shesaid,“Itcanbefoundinhighlyintelligentpeople.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A.Theexperiment. B.Functionalfixedness.C.Thepath. D.Thethinking.Whichwayishardtothinkoftocompletethetask?Tackingthecandletothewall.Fixingthecandlewithmeltedwax.Usingthetackboxasacandle-holder.Lightingthecandletostandit.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillHannahArendtagreewith?Peopleshouldquestion.Weshouldbeusedtothewaythingsare.Peopleshouldn'taccepttheideathatdoesn'tfittheirworldview.Thesmarterpeopleare，themoreopentothenewthingstheyare.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?AninterestingexperimentApsychologicalphenomenon.Atheorytobeproved.TheopinionofHannahArendt.DMyschoolappearedonthenewslastweekbecausewehadmadeanimportantchangeinourlocalarea.Ourclasshadplantedalargegardeninwhatwasonceonlyavacantlot.Itwasalotofworkbutitwasallworthit.Igotblisters（水泡）fromdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration（合作），andthenIlearnedaboutthemedia.OurteachertelephonedtheTVstationandinformedthemofwhatwehadaccomplished.Shespokewiththeproducer.Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours.Theywantedtoknowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantthem.Theteacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie（大草原）,wehadmadeaprairiegarden.Wehadgonetoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.Wedidnotwaterthegarden,butwedidweedit.Wedecidedtoletnaturewateritwithrain,sincethatwashowprairiesgrewinthepast.Wesentapictureofthegardentothenewsstation.Inthepicture,thegrasswassohighthatitstoodtallerthanthefourthgradestudents.Asaresult,theproducersentareportertoourschool.Heinterviewedtheheadmasterandaskedhimmanyquestionsaboutthegarden.Afterthat,theyinterviewedus,andweexplainedtothemwhatwehadlearnedthroughthisproject.Thatnight,wewatchedthenews,andtherewewere.Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus.Wewerefamous.Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.Weknewthatwhenwesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.WhatseemedtobetheTVdirectors’initialreactiontothegarden?A.Theywereexcited. B.Theyweresurprised.C.Theywereworried. D.Theywereuninterested.Whatisspecialaboutthegarden?Weedswereallowedtospreadnaturally.Thegrassgrewfasterthancommongrass.Theseedscamefromtheplantsofaprairie.Undergroundwaterwasusedfortheplants.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertointhelastparagraph?A.Wegotblistersonourhands. B.Ourhardworkwasworthwhile.C.Thegardenwouldbefamous. D.Theprojectwouldbefinished.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheproject?A.Annoyed. B.Curious.C.Proud. D.Regretful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项TheSlowFoodMovementstartedinRome,Italyin1986.WhenanewMcDonaldswasopeningnearabeautifulhistoricplace,somepeoplestoodoutsidetherestaurantandshouted,“Wedonotwantfastfood,wewantslowfood!”___16___OnedayCarloPetriniwenttoarestauranttoeatatraditionalmeal.Butthefooddidn’ttastethesameasheremembered.Helearnedthatthepepperswereshippedfromabroadbecausethepriceswerelow.ThisdeeplyconcernedCarlo.Carlowantedpeopletocareaboutwheretheirfoodscamefromandhowtheirfoodsmadetheirculturespecial.Sohestartedagrouptoencouragethisidea.ItsoonbecametheSlowFoodMovement.___17___First,whatisgoodfood?Goodfoodisfresh.Thevegetablesareeatenclosetotheplacewheretheyaregrown.Thefishhasn’tbeensittingfordaysbeforeitiseaten.Goodfoodisseasonable.___18___Goodfoodsatisfiesthesenses.Itshouldlookgood,smellgoodandtastegood.Andfinally,goodfoodisculturalfood.Eachcountryhasspecialfoodsthatmakeitdifferent.Second,foodshouldbeclean.Today,therearegreatconcernsaboutthewaypeoplegrowandproducefood.Farmersusechemicalstokillinsectsandfeedplants.Butthechemicalscanalsoharmthenaturalenvironmentaroundfarms.___19___Cleanfoodmeansfoodthatdoesnotharmourbodiesortheenvironment.Andthird,foodshouldbefair.___20___Allpeopleshouldbeabletopurchasehealthyfood.Thepeoplewhogrowandmakefoodshouldbepaidfairlyfortheirwork.Theyshouldworkinsafe,healthyconditions.Foodshouldnotcosttoomuchmoney.Itsgoalistohavegood,clean,fairfoodforallpeople.Overtime,theycancausehealthproblemsinpeopletoo.ThatwashowtheSlowFoodMovementcameintobeing.Itshouldbegrownatthebesttimeoftheyearforthatfood.TodaytheSlowFoodMovementhasalreadyexpandedoutofItaly.Thiseventwasn’ttheonlythingthatstartedtheSlowFoodMovement.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Supposeyouareofferedajoboranopportunitytostudyinanothercountry.Youaregoingtomake___21___foryourbigadventure.Preparationsforcultureshockare___22___thingsyoushould___23___.Yourviewsmayfightwithdifferent___24___,values,andtraditions.Youmayhavedifficultyingettingusedtoanewculture,whichisnot___25___toyou.Thisiscultureshock.Therearefourstages（阶段）tocultureshockwhichyouwill26.Inthefirststage,youseethenewcultureina___27___light.Thenewcountryseems___28___.Thelocalhabitsareinterestingandthepeopleyoucomeacrossarewelcomingand___29___.Unfortunatelythisstagewillfinallycometoa(n) 30 .Usuallyaroundthreemonthsafterarrivingatthenew 31 ,differencesbetweenyourowncultureandthenewculturebeginto 32 .Thesedifferencesoftencreateanxiety.Excitement 33 feelingsofstressandangerduetosomeunfavorableevents.Lonelinessbeginsto 34 asenseofdisconnection.Asmuchasoneyear 35 ,youbecomeusedtothenewculture.Youbegintoseethateventhoughthe 36 oftheculturearedifferentfromyourown,ithassomethingthatyoucanlearnto 37 .Then,youareabletoparticipate 38 inthehostculture.Thisstagecanbeconsideredasbiculturalwhereyoukeepmanydifferences.Obviously,cultureshockissomethingyoucannot 39 whenlivinginaforeigncountry.However,whenyouhavecompletelygotusedtoanewcultureyoucanmorefully 40 it.21.A.guessesB.preparationsC.rulesD.contributions22.A.importantB.sillyC.perfectD.impressive23.A.determineB.admitC.considerD.contrast24.A.altitudesB.motivationsC.approachesD.beliefs25.A.importantB.attractiveC.familiarD.special26.A.surviveB.experienceC.designD.arrange27.A.favorableB.naturalC.reliableD.unique28.A.wonderfulB.painfulC.thankfulD.useful29.A.aggressiveB.cautiousC.friendlyD.modest30.A.conclusionB.announcementC.startD.end31.A.positionB.placeC.decorationD.organization32.A.replaceB.disappearC.existD.arise33.A.livesuptoB.giveswaytoC.goesbacktoD.holdsonto34.A.inventB.reduceC.keep D.emphasize35.A.oldB.apart C.ago D.later36.A.standardsB.similaritiesC.expectationsD.distances37.A.defendB.rejectC.combineD.appreciate38.A.comfortablyB.responsiblyC.awfullyD.terribly39.A.balanceB.avoidC.involveD.forecastA.promote B.shape C.enjoy D.celebrate第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsarenecessary.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear 41. spoken.Secondly,wemustbeabletospeakitcorrectlywithconfidenceandwithouthesitation. 42. ,wemustbeabletoreadthelanguage,andfourthly,wemustbeabletowriteit.Wemustbeabletomakesentencesthataregrammaticallycorrect.Thereisnoeasywaytosuccess 43. languagelearning. 44. goodmemoryisofgreathelp,butitisnotenoughonly 45. （memorize）rulesfromagrammarbook.Itisnotmuchuselearningbyheartlonglistofwordsand 46. meanings,studyingthedictionaryandsoon.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage. 47. wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized