2022年湖南省长沙市雨花区洞井中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2022年湖南省长沙市雨花区洞井中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Whenfirst_______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducing

B.introduced

C.introduce

D.beingintroduced参考答案：B2.Lucaswentpastawoodenhouse,infrontof________satanoldman,pipeinhand.A.that

B.whatC.which

D.whom参考答案：C考查非限制性定语从句。句意：Lucas经过一个木房子，房子前坐着一个手里拿着烟斗的老人。分析语境可知infrontofwhichsatanoldman为“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为house，所以用which引导。故选C.3.Nobodycanimaginewhatdifficultywehad__________homeinthesnowstorm.

A.walking

B.towalk

C.walked

D.towalking参考答案：A试题分析：考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难，whatdifficultywehad_____homeinthesnowstorm是宾语从句，作谓语imagine的宾语。句意：没有人能够想象我们走雪地回家的困难。故选A。【知识归纳】介词后面用动名词做宾语Helefthomewithouttellinghisparents.他没告诉他的父母就离开了家。温馨提示：bebusywithsth.忙于某事/bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事；spend---onsth.在某事上花费---/spend---(in)doingsth.在做某事上花费---；havedifficulty(trouble/problems)withsth.在某事上有困难/havedifficulty(trouble/problems)(in)doingsth.在做某事上有困难。4.Areyousure_______inamillionyears?

A.whatmanwilllooklike

B.whatwillmanlooklike

C.manwilllooklikewhat

D.whatlookwillmanlike参考答案：略5.

Thelittlechick______theearthworm,decidingwhethertoswallowitorletitgo.A.staredat

B.glimpsedat

C.lookedinto

D.glaredat参考答案：A6.Lastweekthestaffmade______suggestions,butunluckilytheywerejust______impracticalbythemanager.A.dozenof;dismissedfor

B.manydozensof;dismissedfromC.twodozen;beingdismissedas

D.dozensof;dismissedas参考答案：D7.---MustIwriteallthewordsdownnow?---No,you_______A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.won’t

D.needn’t参考答案：D8.I’manewcomerhere.I’dappreciate______ifyoutellmesomethingabouttheoldtown.A.one

B.that

C.this

D.it参考答案：D9.Whataboutthetwoofus________tothenewlyopenedthemeparkinourcitythisafternoon?A.going

B.togo

C.go

D.willgo参考答案：A略10.—WhatcanIdoforyou,Sir?—I’dliketohavethisbag_______andpostittoShanghai.A.tobeweighed

B.weighed

C.tested

D.tobetested参考答案：B11.Ihavetoldyouthetruth.______Ikeeprepeatingit?A.Must

B.Can

C.May

D.Will参考答案：A12.TheGreens

Chinaforfiveyears.

A.hasbeenin

B.havebeenin

C.wentto

D.hasgoneto参考答案：B13.Moneyplays______importantroleinthematerialworld．Butexpecting______moneytogivehappinessmaybemissingthemeaningoflife．

A．a;the

B．an;/

C．a;/

D．the;the参考答案：b略14.John_______,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.A.wouldpunished

B.hadpunished

C.punished

D.waspunished参考答案：D15.Theaccidentlefteightpupilsbattlingto______inicyseasforoverfourhours.A.survive

B.compete

C.remove

D.sink

参考答案：A16.Itistheeducation_____hereceivedwhenstudyingabroad______hasmadehimsuchanexcellentmanager.A.which,that

B.which,which

C.that,which

D.that,where参考答案：A略17.

_______offoodisinneednowadaysinAfrica.

A.Alargenumberof

B.Theamountof

C.Alargeamountof

D.Largeamountsof参考答案：C18.When________differentcultures，weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferences.A.compared

B.beingcompared

C.comparing

D.havingcompared参考答案：C19._______herhardworkandmuchpractice,JoanwonthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeakingcontest.A.Insteadof

B.Asaresultof

C.Incaseof

D.Intermsof参考答案：B二、完型填空20.完形填空（共20小题，每题1，5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Theeventhappenedmanyyearsago,butIwillneverforgetit.Thememoryofitremains__41____inmymind.Theeventoccurred__42____ahot,humidMaymorningin1947.

WhenIwassixyearsoldIwasafirst–gradedstudentinMissButler’sclass.Shewaswellknownforher___43______discipline(纪律)inclass.Weallwerekeptbusy__44____allday.Therewasalwayssomuchhomeworktodo.___45____thathaddonesomethingwrongwouldbe__46__punishedbythelongstickshe_47_____.YoucanimaginethefearI___48__whenIdrewinadeepbreath---Iaccidentally___49__astrangesound.MissButlerimmediatelystoppedherclassand_50____theblackboard.Seeingmyexpression,she_51____,“John,didyoudothat?”I___52____tofindmyvoiceandpointedtotheboyclosetomeandsaid,“No.Leandrodidit.”Leandro’sexplanation(解释)was__53_____;inamomentthe___54____hadcomedown,andLeandrowascryingintohis55_____shirt.Somehow,Ihadknownshewould____56___me.Afterall,Iwasanicelydressedlittlewhitegirl,and___57___wasactiveintheParent-TeacherAssociation,____58__LeandrowasafatlittleMexicanboy.Hehad_59____speakingEnglishandhismotherhadtoomanychildrentocareforandnotimetoattendmeetings.Hewasneverdressedinnewclothes.Leadron,howI___60___thatIcouldaskforyourforgiveness(原谅)!Pleaseacceptmyapology,myolddeskmate.41.Aalive

B.live

C.lively

D.living42A.in

B.from

C.during

D.on43.A.perfect

B.good

C.strict

D.loose44.A.writing

B.listening

C.playing

D.studying45.A.Nobody

B.Someone

C.Anyone

D.Noone46.A.finally

B.quickly

C.normally

D.frequently47.A.collected

B.borrowed

C.carried

D.threw48.A.felt

B.suffered

C.realized

D.got49.A.heard

B.made

C.found

D.received50.A.lookedaround

B.lookedintoC.lookedthrough

D.lookedup51.A.requested

B.answered

C.smiled

D.asked52.A.tried

B.begged

C.managed

D.decided53.A.hopeful

B.special

C.useless

D.peaceful54.A.blackboard

B.stick

C.book

D.air

55.A.nice

B.old

C.beautiful

D.dirty56.A.punish

B.educated

C.believe

D.reward57A.mymother

B.MissButler

C.Leandro

D.Leandro’smother

58.A.while

B.when

C.though

D.since

59.A.fun

B.trouble

C.gifts

D.skills60.A.hope

B.like

C.wish

D.consider

参考答案：41-60

ADCDC

BCABA

DCCBB

CAABC21.A

successfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull

21

ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot

22

onobviousfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthorityastheonly

23

fortruth.Healways

24

ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof

25

sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto

26

asfarbackasthe

27

ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholived

28

theyears1214and1292.Hewasprobablythefirstinthemiddle

29

tosuggestthatwemustlearnscience

30

observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself

31

manyimportantdiscoveries.Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater(1564-1642),wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,

32

inItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganby

33toshowhowmanyimportant

34

couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore

35

towardstheearththansmallones,

36

Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe

37

oftheleaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo

38

stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’s

39

ofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingour

40

andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.21.A.use

B.time

C.speed

D.trust22.A.worked

B.based

C.lived

D.written23.A.reason

B.cause

C.advice

D.result24.A.thinks

B.checks

C.has

D.learn25.A.natural

B.physical

C.ancient

D.modern26.A.date

B.keep

C.look

D.take27.A.study

B.time

C.year

D.birth28.A.both

B.each

C.between

D.Among29.A.schools

B.ages

C.days

D.Countries30.A.in

B.with

C.on

D.by31.A.did

B.made

C.took

D.gave

32.A.who

B.when

C.that

D.where33.A.ways

B.degrees

C.levels

D.chance34.A.truths

B.problems

C.people

D.subjects35.A.slowly

B.rapidly

C.lightly

D.heavily36.A.although

B.because

C.when

D.If37.A.place

B.foot

C.top

D.ceiling38.A.big

B.small

C.equal

D.unequal39.A.spirit

B.skill

C.theory

D.discovery40.A.plans

B.opinions

C.world

D.Ability参考答案：21-25.ABABD

26-30.ABCBD

31-35.BABAB

36-40.BCDAB25.D考查形容词及语境的理解。形容词natural自然的；physical身体的；ancient古代的；modern现代的。根据最后一句话中hasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.的modernscience“现代科学”，此处选modern意思最恰当。故选D。26.A考查动词及语境的理解。名词date日期；短语dateback意为“回溯至”。keep保持；look看；take拿。现代科学的时代最远能追溯到（dateback）培根时代，故选A。32.A考查连词及语境的理解。关系代词who引导定语从句修饰greatmen；when在定语从句中只能作状语；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；where在定语从句中只能作状语；根据句意故选A。33.B考查名词及语境的理解。名词ways方法；degrees，bydegrees词组，相当于副词，意为：逐渐地。levels水平；chance机会。伽利略逐渐地显示出通过观察而得到的事实是多么地重要，故选B。34.A考查名词及语境的理解。名词truths事实；problems问题；people人们；subjects学科。根据上文意思，Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenotonobviousfacts应为：truths.事实,真理,原理，故选A。35.B考查副词及语境的理解。副词slowly慢慢地；rapidly迅速地；lightly轻轻地；heavily重重地。rapidly.adv.快，迅速地。意思最恰当。根据常识在伽利略以前有学问的科学家都认为大的物体比小的物体落地要快，故选B。36.B考查连词及语境的理解。连词although尽管；because因为；when当……时候；If如果。根据句子意思，应为because.因为在伽利略以前有学问的科学家都认为大的物体比小的物体落地要快，因为亚里士多德是这样说的，故选

B。37.C考查名词及语境的理解。名词place地方；foot脚；top顶部；ceiling天花板。根据常识但是伽利略走到比萨的斜塔的顶部，拿着两个不等重量的石头，要证明亚里士多德是错误的，故选C。38.D考查形容词及语境的理解。形容词big大的；small小的；equal相等的；unequal不等的。根据上文BeforeGalileo,

learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore

towardstheearththansmallones,Aristotlesaidso.可知他必须拿着不同大小的球做实验来证明，故选D。39.A考查名词及语境的理解。名词spirit精神；skill技术；theory理论；discovery发现。spiritofgoingdirecttoNature对自然不断探索的精神。sciencespirit科学精神；worldspirit时代精神,世界潮流。根据上文可知伽利略对自然不断探索的精神，故选A。40.B考查名词及语境的理解。名词plans计划；opinions

意为“观点”，“通过实验证明我们的观点和理论”。world世界；ability能力。通过实验来证明我们的观点和理论，从而导致了现代科学的出现，故选B。

三、阅读理解22.阅读理解Inmylongyearsofteaching,Ioftenaskmystudenttoreadthetextsuntiltheycanrecite（背诵）them,andItellthemthatrecitationisanimportantpartoftheirhomework.However,someofmystudentsaretiredofdoingso,thinkingthatitisbothhardanduseless.Theyarguethatittakesalongtimetoreciteatextfrommemoryandtextitselfneverappearsinatestpaper.Inmyopinion,itnaturallytakestimetoreciteatext,butitisworthdoingso.Whenyouareabletoreciteatext,youaresuretobefamiliarwiththewordsandexpressions.Whenyouneedtheminreadingorwritingordoingexercises,theywillcometoyourmindquickly,andsoyouwillgivequickresponsetoallkindsoflanguagesituation.Howcanwesaythatitisuseless?Besides,manystudentscomplainthattheysoonforgetwhattheywereonceabletorecite.Thisistrue,butyoudon’tneedtoworry.Whileyouarereadingandforgettingthetexts,yourlanguagelevelisbeingraised.Sureyoudon’trememberyourChinesetextsthatyouoncereadintheprimaryschool,butnowyouareabletoreadnovelsandnewspaper.So,recitationofthetextswillhelpyouimproveyourlanguageability.66.Thewriteroftenaskshisstudentstorecitethetexts,_______.A.

Buttheydon’tliketodoso.B.

AndtheyareeagertodosoC.

ButtheywrotealettertotheDepartmentofEducationreportingthething.D.

Buttheydomoreexercisesinsteadofrecitingthetexts.67.Whatdothestudentsthinkabouttheteacher’sadvice?_______.A.

TheEnglishteachertrieshisbesttohelpthemwithEnglish.B.

TheEnglishteacherisverykindtothem.C.

TheEnglishteacherasksthemtodosomethinguseless.D.

TheEnglishteachershouldletthemstudyontheirown.68.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingiscorrect?_____.A.

TheteacherthinksthestudentsaretoonaughtytolearnEnglishwell.B.

Thestudentsthinktheyspendalotoftimeinrecitingthetextsandgetnothing.C.

Thestudentssaythattheyoftenforgetthewords.D.

ThestudentstakenointerestinEnglish.69.Whenthestudentsareagainsthissuggestion,thewriter_______.A.

oftencriticizesthemB.

patientlyexplainstothemwhytheyshouldrecitethetextsC.

wantstogiveuphisideaD.

isafraidthatheiscriticizedbytheheadmaster.70.Whydoesthewritersuggestthatthestudentsrecitethetext?_____.A.

RecitingthetextscanimprovetheabilityofapplyingEnglish.B.

RecitingthetextsisthebestwayoflearningEnglish.C.

Thestudentsshouldrememberallthetextsthattheteacherhastaughtthem.D.

Recitingthetextscangreatlyimprovetheclassroomteaching.参考答案：66-70ACBBA23.Scientistsandmarinebiologists(海洋生物学家)hadsomethingtocelebratelastweekwhentwolosthumpbackwhales(座头鲸)returnedtothePacificOcean.DeltaandDawn—amotherandababy—hadcircledtheSacramentoBayareafortwoweeksbeforegoingbacktotheocean.＂Weallshoutedloudlylike‘Yay’!＂saidJimOswald,aspokesmanfortheMarineMammalCenter.＂It’sbeenreallyexciting.＂ThehumpbackwhaleswerelastspottedonMay29neartheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,California.ScientistsaresurethatthewhalesswamintoopenwaterduringtheeveningofMay29orearlythenextmorning,sincetherehavebeennofurthersightingsofthewhales.Evenso,boatsweresentouttolookforthem,justincasethewhalesmadeanotherwrongturn.Officialsspenttwoweekstryingtogetthewhalestoturnbacktowardstheocean.Biologistsplayedrecordingsofwhale-feedingaswellasunfamiliarsoundstotrytomakethewhalesheadbacktothePacificOcean.However,DeltaandDawngavescientistsanunexpectedchancetostudyhumpbackwhalesinthewild.Scientistswereabletogathersoundrecordingsandwatchtheirbehaviors.Thisisespeciallyexcitingbecausehumpbackwhalesareanendangeredspecies.What’smore,scientistsdon’tusuallyhavethechancetoobserve(观察)themintheirnaturalhabitat.＂Allthosethingsareveryhardtoget,＂saidOswald,＂Sowhatwearedoingisfillinguptheknowledgeblankonhumpbackwhalesinthewild.＂Scientistsshouldbeabletousethisinformationtohelpotherlostwhalesinthefuture.28.JimOswaldwasveryhappybecause____________.A.thewhalestraveledtoSacramentoBayB.hefoundthelosthumpbackwhalesC.thes