山东省菏泽市圣贤中学2022年高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析

山东省菏泽市圣贤中学2022年高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.WheneverIdon’t______you,pleaseshowyourpuzzlementorputyourhandup.

A.getacrossto B.getcloseto

C.getawaywith

D.getalongwith参考答案：A【知识归纳】get构成的短语1．getintouchwith同……取得联系；2．getup起床；3．getback回来；取回；4．geton上车；5．getover克服，度过；6．getoff下车；7．Gettogether相聚；8．geton／alongwellwith与……相处融洽；9．getinto进人，陷入；10．getintotrouble陷入麻烦；11．getinaword插话；12．getridof除掉；13．getthrough通过，接通，完成，经历ItriedtotelephoneyoubutIcouldn’tgetthrough．1willbewithyouassoonasIgetthroughthiswork。14．getto到达；15．getabout／around／round传开，传出去Thenewsofthedisastersoongetabout．16．getacross使理解Theteachertriedtoexplaintheproblem，buttheexplanationdidnotgetacrosstotheclass．17．getaway离开18．getdownto(doing)sth．安心做，开始认真干Youmustgetdowntoyourstudiesthisyear．2.Asmostoftheirhouseswerebadlydamagedaftertheearthquake,manypeoplehadtobe____.A.putaway B.putout C.putup D.putoff参考答案：B3.IwonderwhatmakesTikTokpopularamongpeopleofallages.Peoplehavedevotedmostoftheirenergieswhich______forothermoresignificantthings.A.wouldbesaved B.couldhavebeensaved C.musthavebeensaved D.shouldbesaved参考答案：B【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：我想知道是什么让TikTok在所有年龄段的人当中都很受欢迎。人们把大部分精力都花在了本来可以用来做其他更重要的事情上。本题考查could+havedone结构，表示过去本来有能力、有可能、有打算、有选择做某事的，但实际上却没有那样做，通常译为“本来可以”，“本来能够”，根据句意分析，主语energy与谓语动词save构成被动意义，故答案为couldhavebeensaved，所以选B。

4.---WheredidyoufindMarythatafternoon?---Itisinthehospital__________hermotherworks___________Ifoundher.A.that;that

B.which;that

C.which;which

D.where;that参考答案：D根据所问内容断定，回答者强调的内容是找到玛丽的地点。因此“inthehospital______hermotherworks”是被强调的地点状语，第二空处该填that，构成“itis…that…”强调句型；另外，根据句法分析，“__________hermotherworks”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词hospital，而且句内缺少地点状语，因此第一空处填where。D项正确。5.—Wouldyoumindmyturninguptheradioabit?—______Thebabyissleeping.A.No,thanks. B.No,goodidea. C.Yes,please. D.Yes,betternot.参考答案：D考查情景交际。根据答语中的“Thebabyissleeping”可知，第二个人不同意第一个人提出的要求。句意：——你介意我把收音机开大点吗？——最好不好，孩子正睡觉。故选D。6.Atthedinnerpartytheytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings___theyrememberedinseniorhighschool.A.which

B.that

C.what

D.whom参考答案：B7.Theblindboyhas

giftforlearningthesoundin

distance.A．a;the

B．a;aC．a;\

D．\;the参考答案：A试题分析:句意：这个失明的男孩子有远距离学习声音的天赋。固定短语：haveagiftfor“有……的天赋”；inthedistance“在远处”，故答案选A。考点：考查冠词用法。8.Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteammembers,______interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A.were

B.was

C.is

D.are参考答案：B考查主谓一致。当aswellas,togetherwith,with,ratherthan,but等词连接主语时，谓语动词和前面的保持一致。根据句意，本句应该用一般过去时。故答案为B。9.Inthelasttenyears,they________threegreatscientificexperiments.

A.finished

B.havefinished

C.hadfinished

D.havebeenfinished参考答案：B10.—Isthispenyours,Maria?—No,it’snot

.It’sMary’s.A．hers B．his C．mine D．me参考答案：C11.Heoftenhelpsthestudents________hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A．whose

B．who

C．when

D．they参考答案：B解析考查定语从句。句意：他经常帮助他认为在学习方面跟不上的学生。此处先行词为students，在从句中作主语。

12.Thequestionwassopersonalthatthemoviestarfelt_____toanswerit.A.reluctant B.willing

C.convinced D.determined参考答案：A13.

SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn’tstopped_____.People_____toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A.ringing;arephoning

B.toring;willphoneC.ringing;werephoning

D.toring;phone参考答案：A14.---After________seriesofunsuccessfulattempts,hehasfinallypassed

________drivingtest．

A．/;theB．a;theC．the;aD．/;a参考答案：B略15.I’vegottomake

hetoldalie.A.thatclear

B.itclearthatC.quiteclear

D.thisclearthat参考答案：B16..Howdidallthese_________?

A.cameout

B.comeup

C.comeacross

D.comeabout参考答案：D略二、完型填空17.Haveyoueverwonderedaboutchangingyourlifeforthebetter?Therearemanywaysforustoliveahealthylifestyle.Soitseems____11____thatalthoughweknowalotabout____12____tolivehealthily,manypeoplecontinuetodothingswhichmaybe____13____fortheirhealth.Therearemanypartsofourlifestyleswhichallowustolivehealthily.Forexample,weallknowabouttheimportanceof____14____healthyfoodsanddoingenoughexerciseandphysicalactivitiesinourdailylife.Inrichcountries,good-qualityfreshfoodsandsportsfacilitiesare____15____tothepeople,soitshouldbeeasyto____16____healthylivinghabits.____17____,todaytherearethingswhichpreventpeoplefromhavingahealthylifestyle.Industryandtraffichave____18____seriousenvironmentalpollution.What''smore,wespendalotoftimesittingbefore____19____,andthisoftenmeanswehave____20____timeforactivitieswhichkeepusfit.Therearemanypeoplewhospendmanyhourssittinginfrontofcomputersworking,studyingorplayingcomputergames.____21____,manypeopledonoteatthe____22____food.Allinall,althoughwehaveplentyofchancestofollowahealthylifestyle,in____23____,weoftenchoosealesshealthylifestyle.It''struethat____24____lifestyleshavegoodandbadaspects,butthelifestylewechoose____25____us.So,livehealthilyandfindyourbestself.11.A.moving

B.catchy

C.strange

D.relaxing12.A.how

B.where

C.when

D.whether13.A.good

B.bad

C.safe

D.unimportant14.A.selling

B.sending

C.choosing

D.affording15.A.special

B.useless

C.familiar

D.available16.A.form

B.break

C.discuss

D.change17.A.Therefore

B.However

C.Naturally

D.Luckily18.A.reduced

B.decided

C.stopped

D.caused19.A.doors

B.windows

C.screens

D.recorders20.A.long

B.free

C.spare

D.little21.A.Yet

B.Then

C.Besides

D.Anyway22.A.fast

B.right

C.cheap

D.delicious23.A.all

B.fact

C.time

D.theory24.A.old

B.past

C.active

D.modern25.A.dependson

B.dealswith

C.paysfor

D.agreeswith参考答案：11.C

12.A

13.B

14.C

15.D

16.A

17.B

18.D

19.C

20.D

21.C

22.B

23.B

24.D

25.A这是一篇议论文。作者认为有很多方法可以让人们过上健康的生活方式，但是诸多的因素阻止人们拥有健康的生活方式。但所选择的生活方式取决于人们自己。作何呼吁要健康地生活。【11题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.moving令人感动的；B.catchy引人注意的；C.strange奇怪的；D.relaxing令人放松的。句意：奇怪的是，然我们很了解如何健康地生活，但许多人仍在做一些可能对他们的健康有害的事情。由although引导的让步状语从句可知，这种现象看起来很奇怪。故C选项切题。【12题详解】考查连接词辨析。A.how怎样；B.where在哪里；C.when在时候；D.whether是否。句意：奇怪的是，虽然我们很了解如何健康地生活，但许多人仍在做一些可能对他们的健康有害的事情。how表示方式，符合句意。故A选项切题。【13题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.good好的；B.bad坏的；C.safe安全的；D.unimportant不重要的。句意：奇怪的是，虽然我们了解如何健康地生活，但许多人仍在做一些可能对他们的健康有害的事情。分析句意可知，主句提及的信息是一种期待之外的结果，所以bad符合句意。故B选项切题。【14题详解】考查动词辨析。A.selling卖；B.sending发送；C.choosing选择；D.affording提供。句意：例如，我们都知道在我们的日常生活中选择健康的食物、做足够的运动和体育活动的重要性。食物有很多种，所以要对食物进行选择，选择健康的适合自己的食物。故C选项切题。【15题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.special特殊的；B.useless无用的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.available可以利用的。句意：在富裕的国家，人们可以享用优质的新鲜食品和完善的体育设施，因此，养成健康的生活习惯应该是很容易的。beavailableto“对某人来说可用的”符合句意。故D选项切题。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。A.form形成；B.break打破；C.discuss讨论；D.change改变。句意：在富裕国家，人们可以享用优质的新鲜食品和完善的体育设施，所以养成健康的生活习惯应该是很容易的。优质的新鲜食品和完善的体育设施很容易养成健康的生活习惯。故A选项切题。【17题详解】考查副词辨析。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Naturally自然地；D.Luckily幸运地。句意：然而，今天有一些事情阻止人们拥有健康的生活方式。However与前一句形成转折关系，所以however符合句意。故B选项切题。【18题详解】考查动词辨析。8.A.reduced减少；B.decided决定；C.stopped停止；D.caused促使。句意：工业和交通造成了严重的环境污染。根据常识来判断，工业和交通会造成严重的环境污染。故D选项切题。【19题详解】考查名词辨析。9.A.doors门；B.windows窗户；C.screens屏幕；D.recorders录音机。句意：其次，我们花了很多时间坐在屏幕前，这通常意味着我们很少有时间去做那些让我们保持健康的活动。由下文“.Therearemanypeoplewhospendmanyhourssittinginfrontofcomputersworking,studyingorplayingcomputergames”可知，有许多人花很多时间坐在电脑前工作、学习或玩电脑游戏。所以判断出他们花费很多时间坐在屏幕前。故C选项切题。【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。10.A.long长的；B.free自由的；C.spare空闲的；D.little少的。句意：此外，我们花了很多时间坐在屏幕前，这通常意味着我们很少有时间去做那些让我们保持健康的活动。little“少”表示否定。符合句意。故D选项切题。【21题详解】考查副词辨析。11.A.Yet还，尚；B.Then然后；C.Besides除此之外；D.Anyway无论如何。句意：此外，许多人不吃健康的食物。本句表示进一步的说明，所以Besides“除此之外”符合句意。故C选项切题。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。12.A.fast快速的；B.right健康的；C.cheap便宜的；D.delicious好吃的。句意：此外，许多人不吃健康的食物。这里仍然在说明不健康的生活方式，所以right符合句意。故B选项切题。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。13.A.all所有；B.fact事实；C.time时间；D.theory理论。句意：事实上，尽管我们有很多机会追求健康的生活方式，但事实上，我们经常选择不太健康的生活方式。Infact表示总结。故B选项切题。【24题详解】考查形容词辨析。14.A.old老的；B.past过去的；C.active积极的；D.modern新式的。句意：现代生活方式有好的方面和坏的方面，这是事实，但我们选择的生活方式取决于我们自己。短文一直在说明现代人的生活方式。故D选项切题。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.dependson取决于；B.dealswith处理；C.paysfor支付；D.agreeswith同意。句意：现代生活方式有好的方面和坏的方面，这是事实，但我们选择的生活方式取决于我们自己。由“but”可知，but之后的句子阐明了作者的观点，选择的生活方式取决于自己。所以dependson符合句意。故A选项切题。三、阅读理解18.Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolor1blindnessinsomeway.Womenareluckier,onlyaboutoneintwohundredisaffectedinthismatter.Perhaps,afterall,itissafertobedrivenbyawoman!Therearedifferentformsofcolor1blindness.Insomecasesamanmaynotbeabletoseedeepred.Hemaythinkthatred,orangeandyellowareallshadowsofgreen.Sometimesapersoncannottellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen.Inrarecasesanunluckymanmayseeeverythinginshadesofgreen—astrangeworldindeed.Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain.Inasingleeyetherearemillionsofverysmallthingscalled“cones”.Thesehelpustoseeinabrightlightandtotellthedifferencebetweencolor1s.Therearealsomillionsof“rods”,buttheseareusedforseeingwhenitisneardark.Theyshowusshapebutnocolor1.Someinsectshavefavoritecolor1s.Mosquitoes(蚊子)preferbluetoyellow.Aredlightwillnotattractinsects,butabluelampwill.Inasimilarwayhumanbeingsalsohavefavoritecolor1s.Yetwearelucky.Withtheaidoftheconesinoureyeswecanseemanybeautifulcolor1sbyday,andwiththeaidoftherodswecanseeshapesatnight.Onedaywemayevenlearnmoreabouttheinvisible(看不见的)color1saroundus.56.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanwedowiththehelpofthe“cones”?A.Wecantelldifferentshapes. B.Wecantellorangefromyellow.C.Wecankillmosquitoes. D.Wecanseeinaweaklight.57.Whydosomepeoplesayitissafertobedrivenbywomen?A.Therearefewercolor1-blindwomen.B.Womenaremorecareful.C.Womenarefonderofdrivingthanmen.D.Womenareweakerbutquickerinthinking.58.Whichofthestatementsaboutthecolor1-blindistrue?A.Allofthemseeeverythinginshadesofgreen.B.Noneofthemcanseedeepred.C.Noneofthemcantellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen.D.Notallofthemhavethesameprobleminrecognizingcolor1.59.Whatlightcanweusetoattractandkillmosquitoes?A.Aredlight. B.Ayellowlight. C.Agreenlight. D.Abluelight.60.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Coloranditssurprisingeffects. B.Womenbeingluckierthanmen.C.Colorblindness. D.Dangercausedbycolor1blindness.参考答案：56.B

57.A

58.D

59.D

60.C这是一篇说明文。色盲是什么原因引起的？色盲患者无法正确分辨颜色；而我们能分辨颜色和形状则是靠了眼睛里的两种细胞：视杆细胞和视锥细胞。本文主要讲了色盲的表现和人的眼睛看见形状和颜色的原因。【56题详解】细节理解题。由“Thesehelpusseeinabrightdayandtellthedifferencesbetweencolor1s.”可知视锥细胞可以让我们分辨不同的颜色。故选B项。【57题详解】细节理解题。由“Womenareluckier,onlyaboutoneintwohundredifaffectedinthismatter.Perhaps,afterall,itissafertobedrivenbyawoman.”可知女性色盲的比例要少于男性，因此开车或许更安全。故选A项。【58题详解】细节理解题。由“Therearedifferentformsofcolor1blindness.”“色盲有不同的表现形式。”可知，关于色盲正确的是“并不是所有的颜色都有相同的识别问题。”故选D项。59题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中Mosquitoes(蚊子)preferbluetoyellow.Aredlightwillnotattractinsects,butabluelampwill.“蚊子喜欢蓝色而不喜欢黄色。红色的灯不会吸引昆虫，但蓝色的灯会。”可知，蓝色的光用来吸引和杀死蚊子。故选D项。【60题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolor1blindnessinsomeway.Womenareluckier,onlyaboutoneintwohundredisaffectedinthismatter.“大约每100个人中就有10个人在某种程度上患有色盲。女性更幸运，只有大约百分之二十的人受到这种影响。”和第二段中Therearedifferentformsofcolor1blindness.。“色盲有不同的表现形式。”可知，本文讲述的是“色盲”，故选C项。19.ItwarmedmyhearttodaytowalkintotheThirstyCameldowntownintheThanksgivingDay,foraquicklunchbeforeahaircutandlibrarytrip.Ihan,afoodshopowner,saidthathewasrefusingtotakemoneytodaybecauseitwasBuyNothingDay.Toincreaseawareness(意识)ofthestrange’sover-spendingnatureofoursociety,Ilansuggestedatradeforfoodtoday.Hesimplyaskedthatyouoffersomethingofequalpersonalvalueforthemealyoureceived.AtfirstIwasreallyuncomfortable,wonderingifitwouldbefairtoexchangeayettobedetermined“IOweYou”(IOU)forfood?WhatcouldIgivehimofequalvalue?Afterall,hisfoodisthebestinthetown!WeendedupwritingourIOU’swithpromisesofabook,somepaintingsandtheofferofworkin

avarietyofwaysifheneedsit.Ithinktheideaisn’tthatthetradeis“equal”somuchastheimportanceofthekindoftransaction.Weputthoughtintoourofferandwehadanevengreaterunderstandingforthemealsweate.Wedon’tbuyalot,especiallyatthisupcomingtimeofyear.Wedon’tgivegiftsatallinfact.Theholidaytimeisspentenjoyingeachother’scompanyanddoingthingstogetherwithfamilyandfriends.Thisiswhatseemsmostsensible.Ilanisagoodperson.Weareallluckytohavesomeonelikethisinourcommunity.33.Ilandidnottakeanymoneythatdayinorderto

.A.haveaquicklunchbeforeahaircutandlibrarytripB.tradeforsomethingofequalvalueinreturnC.makepeopleawareoftheiroverspendingD.buynothingthatdaytosavesomemoney34.Forthemeal,theauthorfinallyofferedIlan