细胞生物学 第12讲血(英文)

BloodBloodCellsErythrocytes(Redbloodcells)Leucocytes(Whitebloodcells)Platelets

PlasmaWaterPlasmaproteins(albumins,globulins,fibrinogen)Hormones，inorganicsaltsVitamins,Metabolicwasteproducts,miRNAsetc.(extracellularmatrix)plasmaWBC,PRBCSerum:Theclearportionofbloodthatisleftafterbloodcoagulation2(一)

Erythrocyte,redbloodcell,RBC

biconcavediskshape(双凹圆盘状）

nonuclei,nocytoplasmicorganellesinfullydifferenciatedRBCshighcontentofhemoglobin,limitedenzymesdeformreadily(fluidityofplasmamembrane,biconcavediskshape)

containbloodgroupantigen(ABO)Function:transportofoxygenandcarbondioxide3immatureformoferythrocytes

accountfor

0.5%-1%ofmatureerythrocytesnonuclei,containribosomeReflecttherateofredbloodcellformation

Reticulocytes4Reticulocytes()Erythrocytes5(二)

leukocyte,whitebloodcell,WBCleukocytesgranulocytesneutrophilseosinophilsbasophilsagranulocyteslymphocytesmonocytes61、Neutrophil,N

Mostcommontypeofleucocytesinblood(50-70%)

highlylobulatednucleuslysosomesfunction:

highlymobile,engulfinvadingmicro-organismsanddestroycelldebris

granulescontainproteinswithantibacterialactiongranulesPus

cells(脓细胞）7Neutrophils(2,3)82、Eosinophil,E

muchlesscommonthanN,0.5-3%bilobednucleus,largeeosinophilicgranulesofuniformsizeinthecytoplasmFunctions:

highlyphagocyticforantigen-antibodycomplexes

numbersincreasedinallergenicreactionsandparasitesinfections9Eosinophil(4)103、basophilicgranulocyte,B

theleastcommonleucocyte(lessthan1%)bilobednucleus(usuallyobscured)numerous,large,denselybasophilicgranulesinthecytoplasmFuctions：functionallyanalogoustomastcells(degranulationunderinflammatoryandimmuneresponses)11Basophil(5)124、monocytes

size:

largestmembersoftheleucocytes,number:3~8%alargeeccentricallyplacednucleus(indented)

differenciating

morepronounced(horseshoe)extensivecytoplasmisfilledwithsmalllysosomes

Functions:highlymotilecells(mononuclearphagocyticsystem)phagocytosis,immunedefence13Monocyte(6)145、lymphocyte

thesmallestcellsintheWBCsthesecondmostcommonleucocyte(20-30%)denselystainednucleus(usuallyslightlyindented)arelativelysmallamountofpalebasophilic,non-granularcytoplasmFunctions：playthecentralroleinallimmunologicaldefence

15lymphocytes(7,8,9)16（三）Platelet

buddingfromthecytoplasmofmegakaryocytes(巨核细胞）biconvexdiskshape（双凸圆盘状）non-nucleatedcells,oftenpartiallyclumpedtogetherFunctions：involvedinhaemostasis(止血）1718Questions?Whythelifespanoferythrocytesisabout120days?Whytheneutrophilsareincapableofcontinuousfunctionanddegeneratesafterasingleburstofactivity(tobecomepuscells脓细