北京孙村中学2021年高三英语期末试题含解析

北京孙村中学2021年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.—Howmucharethosemobilephones?

—

between600andl000Yuan，Madame．

A.Somewhere

B．Everywhere

C．Anyhow

D．Anyway参考答案：A2.Mr.Smithfeltupsetforbeing______fromtheconcerthehadlongedfor.A.turnedoutB.turnedawayC.turnedoverD.turnedoff参考答案：B【命题立意】考查动词短语的用法。句意：史密斯先生因为错过了他期待的音乐会而焦虑不安。A.turnedout结果；B.turnedaway（from）把脸从…转过去，回避对…感到厌恶抛弃，放弃；C.turnedover翻过去；D.turnedoff关上。【举一反三】turn的常考词组turnablindeyeto闭眼不看;视而不见turnadeafearto不听,不理睬,充耳不闻turnagainst

背叛；对…采取敌对态度becomeunfriendlytosomeoneturnaway转过脸去,转换方向;

不准…入内，不让…参加,拒绝turnedaway（from）把脸从…转过去，回避对…感到厌恶抛弃，放弃turndown

拒绝，把…开小，把（音）放低turninto变成,变得;

开到,走进turnoff

停止；关上turnon

(1)打开

(2)取决于(3)反对,攻击turnout(1)到外边来

(2)变成

(3)生产，制造；培养出turnover

(1)翻转过来；翻身

(2)仔细考虑

(3)移交给turnthumbsdown拒绝,不赞同,反对turn/in

(1)上交，交进去，(2)上床睡觉turn…into…

把…变成…turnto

(1)转向;翻到;转到(2)求助于turnup出席，出现;

开大点;查找turnupsidedown倒放，倒置，彻底弄乱，弄得乱七八糟3.Americanseat___vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910．

A．morethantwice

B．astwiceasmany

C．twiceasmany

D．morethantwicemany参考答案：C略4.-Ofthetwo'bags,whichonedoyouprefer?-__________biggerone.It's_________mostbeautifulone,Ithink.A.The;a

B.The;theC.A;/

D.A;the参考答案：A5.----I’mreallylookingforwardtothematch.

----Yes,soamI.Ifonlyit__________rainingtonight.

A.willstop

B.wouldstop

C.stops

D.hadstopped参考答案：B略6.“________

Iwentthroughupsanddownsinlife，”Gordonsaid,“Ineverfoundtheimportanceofbeingself-disciplinedaswellasthesignificanceoflife.”A.If

B.SinceC.Until

D.Unless参考答案：C考察连词。A如果

B自从

C直到

D除非，其中until+否定式，表示直到……才……，选择C句意为“直到我经历了生活的起起伏伏，”Gordon说，“我才发现自律和重要性和生活的意义。”符合句意，故选C。7.Inmyopinion,keepingdogsshouldnotbebanned,but__________tocertainareas.A.limited

B.limiting

C.tolimit

D.tobelimited参考答案：A8.

，thereisaverygoodreasonforit．A．Strangeasmaythisbehaviorbe

B．AsthisbehaviormaybestrangeC．Asstrangethisbehaviormaybe

D．Strangeasthisbehaviormaybe参考答案：D9.

Mygrandpaisgenerallyhealthy,buteverynowandthenhe_______acold.

A.hascaught

B.iscatching

C.willcatch

D.doescatch参考答案：D10.–Howwasthetelevisedyouthsingingcompetitionlastnight?–Terrific!Scarcely_______solargeanaudiencearoundthecountry.A.acompetitionattracted

B.didacompetitionattractC.acompetitiondidattract

D.attractedacompetition

参考答案：B11.

itssizewiththatofthewholeearth,wefindthehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.

A.Whencompared

B.Comparedto

C.tobecomparedD.Comparing参考答案：D略12.Thepolicearrived,

thesituationbecamecalmer.A.afterwhich

B.beforewhich

C.inwhich

D.fromwhich参考答案：A略13.---Didhetellyouthebadnews?---Yes,butI’dratherhe____.A.didn’t

B.haven’t

C.hadn’t

D.wouldn’t参考答案：C14.Thecountryitselfdidn'thaveenoughgasbecauseofthewar,sothegovernmentdecidedto_____itsgassupplytoothercountries.A.cutin

B.cutoff

C.cutup

D.cutaway参考答案：B15.Itwasannouncedthatonlywhentheterriblediseasewasundercontrol_______toreturntotheirhomes.A.theresidentswoulddecide

B.wouldtheresidentsdecideC.wouldtheresidentsbedecided

D.theresidentswouldbedecided参考答案：B略16.______M(m)oneyplaysanimportantrolein______materialworld.Butyoucan’texpectittogiveyourealhappiness.A.A;the

B./;a

C./;the

D.The;the参考答案：C二、完型填空17.Weweretheonlyfamilywithchildrenintherestaurant.IsatEricinahigh

36

andnoticedeveryonewasquietlyeating.Suddenly,Ericscreamedwith

37

andsaid,“Hithere.”Hisfatbabyhandshitthechairandhiseyeswerewidewithexcitement.Isawanoldmanwitha

38

andoilycoat.Andhishairwasunwashed.Iwassurehe

39

.Hishandwaved,“Hithere,baby.”MyhusbandandI

40

looks.Ericcontinuedtolaughandanswer,“Hithere.”Everyonenoticedthat.MyhusbandandIwereembarrassed.Wefinally

41

themealandheadedforthedoor.Theoldmansatbetweenmeandthedoor.“God,justletmeoutofherebeforehespeakstomeorEric,”I

42

.AsIgotclosertothedoor,Iturnedmybacktryingtosidestephimandavoidanyairhemightbe

43

.AsIdidso,Ericleanedovermyarm,reachingwithbotharmsinababy’s“pick-me-up”position.BeforeIcould

44

him,hehadthrownhimselftotheman’sarms.Eric,inanactoftotal

45

andlove,laidhistinyheadupontheman’sshoulder.Afterawhile,themanpushedEricfromhischest

46

asifhewereinpain,saying,“Godblessyou.You’vegivenmethebestNewYear’sDaygift.”Ihadjustwitnessedatrueloveshownthroughthe

47

ofatinychild,whosawnosin(罪过)andmadenojudgment.Theraggedoldman,unknowingly,hadremindedmethatagenuineloveisoneinwhichthetruemeaningofloveisrealized.

36.A.desk

B.chair

C.door

D.table37.A.depression

B.sadness

C.anger

D.delight38.A.good

B.beautiful

C.worn

D.nice39.A.smiled

B.smelled

C.mopped

D.wiped40.A.consulted

B.exchanged

C.separated

D.reached41.A.gotthrough

B.sawthrough C.lookedthrough

D.pulledthrough42.A.prayed

B.asked

C.reminded

D.explained43.A.creating

B.fighting

C.breathing

D.holding44.A.recall

B.hit

C.answer

D.stop45.A.independence

B.desire

C.ability

D.trust46.A.unwillingly

B.violently

C.gladly

D.eagerly47.A.importance

B.difference

C.innocence

D.significance参考答案：36--40BDCBB

41--45AACDD

46--47AC三、阅读理解18.Scienceisfinallybeginningtoembraceanimalswhowere,foralongtime,consideredsecond-classcitizens.AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcolor1edbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one.Healthyhensmayaidfriends,andmournwhenthosefrienddie.Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO’s.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.I’vebeenguiltyofprejudicedexpectations,myself.Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals.They’reotherprimates(灵长目动物),afterall,animalsfromourownmammalian(灵长目动物)class.Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivings,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning.andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedureinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.Overtime,though,asIbegantobroadenoutevenfurtherandexploretheinnerlivesoffish,chickens,pigs,goats,andcows,1startedtowonder:Willthenewscienceof"foodanimals"bringanethical(伦理的)revolutionintermsofwhoweeat?Inotherwords,willourethicsstarttocatchupwiththedevelopmentofourscience?Animalactivistsarealreadythere,ofcourse,committedtonoteatingtheseanimals.Butwhatabouttherestofus?Canpayingattentiontothethinkingandfeelingoftheseanimalsleadustomakechangesinwhoweeat?47.AccordingtoAnniePotts,henshavetheabilityof

.A.interactionB.analysisC.creationD.abstraction48.Theresearchintopigsshowsthatpigs

.A.learnlettersquicklyB.haveagoodeyesightC.canbuildupagoodrelationshipD.canapplyknowledgetonewsituations49.Paragraph4ismainlyabout

.A.thesimilaritiesbetweenmammalsandhumansB.thenecessityoflong-termstudiesonmammalsC.achangeinpeople’sattitudestowardsanimalsD.adiscoveryofhowanimalsexpressthemselves50.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheInnerLivesofFoodAnimalsB.TheLifestylesofFoodAnimalsC.ScienceReportsonFoodAnimalsD.ARevolutioninFoodAnimals参考答案：47.B

48.D

49.C

50.A这是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们原来当作食物的动物实际上也有情感有思想，它们有一定的分析推理能力。人类不应只将它们当作食物。【47题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcolor1edbuttonschoosesometimestogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one”可知，当解决问题时，母鸡们会推理：例如，受过挑选彩色纽扣的训练的母鸡们有时会选择放弃即时的食物奖励，换取稍晚一些(而且更好)的食物奖励。由此可知，母鸡们具备分析能力。故B选项正确。【48题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.”可知，一些研究者拿着带X标记的木板，一些研究者拿着带O标记的木板，只有拿带O标记木板的研究者给猪提供食物，猪很快就只理会这些研究者了。当木板换成带X和O标记的衬衫时，猪仍然只走向那些穿带O标记衬衫的研究者。这表明猪将把知识转移到了二维的形式，这是一种相当大的推理壮举。结合选项，D选项正确。【49题详解】段落大意题。由第四段中的“Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals...Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivings,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudies…helpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedurekinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.”可知，数十年前，作者坚信猴子和猩猩在思考能力和情感上都胜过其他的动物。很快，作者就意识到除了猴子和猩猩，鲸鱼也是文化学习的主人，大象也表现出高兴等情感。长期的研究也促进着我们社会观点的转变：我们不再认为猴子只能是实验室里的实验对象，大象只能在马戏团里进行表演，海豚只能被养在主题公园狭小的池子里。很明显，本段介绍的是人们对动物看法的转变。故C选项正确。【50题详解】标题归纳题。第一段提出：科学开始拥抱原来被我们认为是二等公民的动物们（即：我们对某些动物的看法正在发生变化）。第二和第三段以母鸡和猪为例告诉读者：通过科学研究，母鸡和猪也具备情感，也具备分析推理能力。第四段介绍了人们对动物看法的转变。第五和第六段呼吁读者：动物有自己的情感和思想，我们不要只将动物当成我们的食物。结合每段大意可知，该文主要是围绕动物也有情感有思想来展开的。故A选项适合做该文标题。19.Highschooldropoutsearnanaverageof$9,000lessperyearthangraduates.Nowanewstudydispelsacommonbeliefwhytheyquit.It’smuchmorebasicthanflunkingout（不及格）.

Societytendstothinkofhighschooldropoutsaskidswhojustcan’tcutit.Theyarelazy，andperhapsnottoobright．Soresearchersweresurprisedwhentheyaskedmorethan450kidswhoquitschoolaboutwhytheyleft.

“Thevastmajorityactuallyhadpassinggradesandtheywereconfidentthattheycouldhavegraduatedfromhighschool.”JohnBridgeland,theexecutiveresearchersaid.About1millionteensleaveschooleachyear.OnlyabouthalfofAfrican-AmericanandHispanic（美籍西班牙的）studentwillreceiveadiploma（证书），andactuallyalldropoutscometoregrettheirdecision.So，iffailinggradesdon’texplainwhythesekidsquit,whatdoes?Again，JohnBridgeland："Themostdependablefindingwasthattheywerebored.”“Theyfoundclassesuninteresting;theyweren’tinspiredormotivated.Theydidn’tseeanydirectconnectionbetweenwhattheywerelearningintheclassroomtotheirownlives,ortotheircareeraspirations.”

Thestudyfoundthatmostteenswhododropoutwaituntiltheyturnsixteen,whichhappenstobetheageatwhichmoststatesallowstudentstoquit.IntheUS，onlyonestate，NewMexico，hasalawrequiringteenagerstostayinhighschooluntiltheygraduate.Onlyfourstates:California,Tennessee,TexasandUtah,plustheDistrictofColumbia,requireschoolattendanceuntilage18,noexceptions,anotherresearcher，saysraisingthecompulsory（义务的）attendanceagemaybeonewaytokeepmorekidsinschool．

“Asthesedropoutslookback，theyrealizethey’vemadeamistake.Andanythingthatsortofgivesthesepeopleanextrapushtostickitoutanditthroughtotheend,isprobablyhelpfulmeasure.”

NewHampshiremaybethenextstatetoraiseitsschoolattendanceageto18.Butcriticssaythatforcingthestudentsunwillingtocontinuetheirstudiestostay