人教版高中英语必修三第1讲：Unit1-Festivals-around-the-world-词汇篇(教师版)

Festivalsaroundtheworld____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求学生掌握本单元的重点单词、重点短语、重要词汇辨析并能熟练应用。一、重点短语1.盛装；打扮；装饰dressup2.好像asthough/asif3.使……想起……remind...of...4.爱上fallinlove(withsb.)5.扔掉throwaway6.……是很显然的Itwasobviousthat7.导致，通向leadto/resultin(注意区分resultfrom)8.打算做meantodosth.9.意味着meandoingsth.10.在某方面钦佩某人admiresb.forsth.11.出现turnup12.守信用，履行诺言keepone’sword13.屏息，屏气holdone’sbreath14.出发，动身setoff15.纪念，缅怀inmemoryof16.发生takeplace17.搞恶作剧playatrickon18.期望lookforwardto19.日夜，整天dayandnight20.玩得开心havefun=haveagoodtime二、词义辨析1.award和reward：award作为动词时意为“授予、颁发”后接双宾语，用法较为正式。作为名词时意为“奖品、奖金”,指因优点或善行而颁发的奖awardsb.ametal授予某人奖章reward作动词时意为“报答、酬劳”指因某种行为，可以是善行，也可以是一般的行为，给予的回报、酬劳或奖金。作名词时意为“报酬、赏金或一些非金钱的回报”,不能接双宾语;rewardsb.forsth.因…奖赏某人；rewardsb.withsth. 用某物酬劳某人2.lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望（其中to为介词）短语扩展beusedto习惯于stickto坚持leadto导致objectto反对payattentionto注意devoteoneselfto…致力于……getdownto…开始认真做……3.setoff出发；动身；使爆炸；引起setaside把……放在一边；省出，留出setabout(doing)sth开始做，着手做setdown登记；记下，写下setfireto点火；放火setouttodosth开始做，着手做setout出发，开始；摆设；陈述，阐明setup建立、成立（组织）4.makeanapologizetosbfor（doing）sth.=saysorrytosb.fordoingsth.因某事向某人道歉forgivesb.sth.原谅某人所做的某事forgivesb.forsth.原谅某人做某事forgivedoingsth.原谅做某事I’msorryabout/forExcuseme=Pardonme=Forgiveme请原谅，对不起5.turnup出现;到场；被发现；被找到；调高（音量等）turndown关小,拒绝turnoff关掉turnon打开turnout结果是turntosb.forhelp向某人求助6.gain(v)获得；得到(n)好处；收益gain强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，其宾语多为优势、经验等earn指经过艰苦的努力而获得报酬，其宾语一般是金钱或荣誉get普通用词，可指主动地“获得”，也可指被动地“接受”，与物质名词和抽象名词均可搭配，多用于口语。7.gather和collectgather系常用词，作作及物动词时指把分散的东西，如花卉、果实、书籍、消息、金钱等“搜集到一起”collect指有计划、有选择地“搜集”而gather一般表示由少积多地收集8.custom和habitcustom风俗；习惯,主要指某个“国家、社会、社会群体”经过一个较长时间形成的风俗或习惯。指“关税，进口税”时用复数形式，thecustoms表示“海关”habit指长期逐渐养成的、一时不易改变的“个人的”习惯，如爱散步的习惯、饮茶的习惯等三、要点梳理1.starve(vt.)&(vi.)使饿死；饿得要死(n.)starvationstarvetodeath饿死bestarving感觉很饿，饿极了dieof/fromstarvation饿死2.origin(n.)起源；由来；起因；出身original(adj.)byorigin籍贯，出身theoriginofthehumanrace人类的起源intheoriginal用原著的语言，未经翻译3.inmemoryof纪念；追念（v.）memorize记忆、记住（adj.&n.）memorial纪念碑；纪念的haveagood/badmemory记忆力好/差bringbackmemories引起对某事的回忆4.belief(n.)信任；信心；信仰believein信任，信赖beyondbelief难以置信5.keepone’sword守信用，遵守诺言breakone’sword违背诺言inaword简言之inotherwords换句话说haveawordwithsb.与sb.交谈havewordswithsb.(aboutsth.)关于sth.与sb.争吵6.trick(n.)诡计；恶作剧；敲门tricksb.intodoingsth.欺骗某人做某事tricksb.outofsth.从某人处骗走某物playatrick(on)开玩笑；戏弄dothetrick奏效；达到预期的结果7.gather(vi.&vt.)聚集；集合；搜集gatheraround/round聚拢过来gathertogether聚在一起gatherfor因…..而集合8.admire赞美；钦佩；羡慕（n.）admiration赞美；钦佩admirable(adj.)可钦佩的；令人羡慕的admiring(adj.)羡慕的admirer(n.)钦佩者；赞赏者in/withadmiration羡慕地admiresb.forsth.因……而佩服某人9.energetic(adj.)充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy(n)力量，活力；能量；能源befullofenergy精力充沛，充满活力solar/nuclearenergy太阳能/核能10.dressup穿上盛装；打扮；装饰dresssb./oneselfin+衣服/颜色给别人穿/自己穿……sb.bedressedin某人穿着……Eg.Healwaysdresseshimselfindarkbrown.=Heisalwaysdressedindarkbrown.11.permission(n.)许可；允许permit(v.)许可；允许；容许(n.)通行证、许可证givesb.permissiontodosth.准许某人做某事withoutpermission未经许可12.remind(vt.)提醒；使回忆起remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that/what…提醒某人……remindsb.of…提醒某人…….reminder(n.)引起回忆的事物，提醒某人的事物例1.（2014吉林长春期中）Beforebuildingahouse,youhavetoaskforthegovernment’s_______A.award B.permission C.request D.excuse解析：根据句意“在建房之前你必须得到政府的许可”可知此题考查“askforone’spermission”答案：B。例2.(2014辽宁辽师大附中期中)Inordertogotothepalaceball,theprettygirl_______herself_______carefullyA.isdressed;up B.isdressed;in C.isdressing;in D.isdressing;up解析：根据句意“为了去宫廷舞会，那位漂亮的女孩正仔细地乔装打扮。”第一空后面已有宾语，所以排除A、B,dresssb.up打扮答案：D。例3.（2014江苏江阴期中）WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfounded_______thenurseFlorenceNightingale.A.inmemoryof B.inplaceof C.insearchof D.inchargeof解析：根据句意“当我们在伦敦的时候，我们参观了一所为了纪念佛罗伦斯·南丁格尔护士而建立的医院”为了去宫廷舞会，那位漂亮的女孩正仔细地乔装打扮。”A．纪念；追念；B.代替；C.寻找；搜寻D．负责；答案：A。例4.（2014山东青岛期中）Whenherealizedtheaudience’sattentionwasbeginningto______,heraisedhisvoice.A.wander B.exist C.starve D.celebrate解析：根据句意“当他意识到听众的注意力开始分散时，他提高了嗓音。”“wander”此处引申为（人的思想等）走神，胡思乱想。答案：B。例5.（2014浙江金华期中）Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyour_______planwhichismuchmorepracticalthanthepresentone.A.original B.gentle C.impressive D.protective解析：根据句意“我认为你应该返回最初的计划，那比现在的计划实用得多了”尤其是句中的gobackto可知选择A．原始的；最初的；B.温柔的；C.令人赞叹的；D．保护的答案：A。基础演练1.Thebcomesfromyourcharacterandpersonality.2.Apersoninyourfamilywholivedalongtimeagoiscalled3.E_____________iscelebratedtorememberthedeathofChristandhisreturntolife.4.Americagainedi_______________fromBritainin1776.5.Courageand_________(宗教的)faitharenotenoughtowinthebattle.6.Marywas_________(授予)aprizeforhergoodperformanceatthefashionshow.7.Nooneknowsforcertainthe____________(起源)oftheholiday.8.Christmasisanimportant___________________(节日)oftheholiday.9.MuchasI___________(羡慕)himasawriter,Idon’tlikehimasaman.10.R________isanadultmalechicken,mainlyusedinAmericanEnglish.Keys：beauty/ancestor/Easter/independence/religious/awarded/origin/feast/admire/Rooster/巩固提高1.(2014安徽，28)Whenthesportshero_______atourparty,hewaswelcomedwithopenarmsA.turnedup B.leftoff C.movedon D.gotaway2.(2014福建福州期中)Iapologized__him_______breakinghisMP5?A.for;to B.to;to C.for;by D.to;for3.Look!Achildis______forhelpintheriver.A.weeping B.sobbing C.crying D.sniffing4.(2014天津)Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeetto______somebarrierstotradebetweenthemA.makeup B.useup C.turndown D.breakdown5.(2014湖南十三校联考)Tomygreatjoy,IgotachancetotakeaphotowithAndyafterthevocalconcert,whichI_______forwardtoforyears.A.havebeenlooking B.hadlooking C.lookedD.hadlooked6.Youareoldenoughto_______yourownliving.A.win B.gain C.take D.earn7.根据汉语提示完成句子(1).Thelibrarywasbuilt____________________________(为了纪念那位科学家)(2).Shelikesto___________________________________(盛装打扮去参加聚会).(3).Ourchildrenusedto________________________（捉弄我们）(4).Hecaughtacoldand______________________________(日夜咳嗽)(5).We__________________________________(玩得很高兴)duringthesummerholidays.Keys：1-6:ADCDDD7.(1)inmemoryofthatscientist(2)dressupforparties(3)playatrickonus/playtricksonus(4)cougheddayandnight(5)hadalotoffun1.Don’tplay____trickonhim.Heisnotin______moodforfunatthatmoment.A.a;/ B.a;the C.the;a D./;the2.---Couldyoutellmethe_______ofmakingsuchtastycakes?---Well,Ijustfollowthedirectioninthecookbook.A.feature B.plan C.cost D.trick3.You’dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuture______A.purpose B.reference C.progress D.memory4.______aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.Gather B.Togather C.GatheringD.Tobegathering5.Wearelookingforwardto_______achancetowatchtheopeningceremonyofthe2016RioOlympicsGames.A.give B.begiven C.beinggiven D.giving6.I’ve_______thehabitofcallingonmygrandparentsonmywayhomefromschool.A. comeintoB.goneinto C.gotinto D.runinto7.Mygrandfatherisas_______asayoungmanandhatesittingarounddoingnothingallday.A.desperate B.energetic C.religiousD.sensitive8.Youhavenothingto______byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.A.gainB.grasp C.seizeD.earn9.It’sillegaltoreadothers’privateletterswithout_________.A.permissionB.evidence C.intentionD.promise10.Thevillagerscollectedmoneytosetupamonument_______thosewhodiedintheearthquake.A.inchargeofB.inplaceof C.inneedofD.inmemoryof11.---Areyouhungry?---Yes.I________A.hadstarved B.starvedtodeath C.amstarving D.starvetodeath12.RalphW.Emersonwouldalways________newideasthatoccurredtohim.A.setoffB.setabout C.setupD.setdown13.TomputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______ofhisowndream.A.reminding B.toremind C.remindedD.remind14.ThoughTomwasimpolitetothenewteacher,she______himhisrudeness.A.excused B.apologized C.forgave D.punished15.Mary,I______JohnofhispromisetohelpyouA.told B.reminded C.warnedD.advisedKeys:1-5BDDCC6-10CBCAD11-15CDCBB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、阅读理解TheinfluenceofAmericaisincreasinginmycountry.SpanishpeopledrinkCocaCola,wearbluejeans,watchHollywoodmovies,listentoAmericanmusic,andeatfastfood,andtheydothesethingseveryday.IthinkthatAmericanmoviesareagoodwaytospreadAmericanculturebecausepeopleareofteninfluencedbywhattheyseeinthemovies.Mostoftheprogramsanddocumentaries(纪录片)wewatchonTVarefromAmerica,andmostofthemovieswegotoseearemadeinHollywood.Inthelastfewyears,thegovernmenthastriedtoprotecttheSpanishmovies.Now,inourcinemas,atleasttwentypercentofthemovieswhichareshownmustbefromSpainorfromothercountriesinEurope.AmericancultureisapartofSpanishlifenow.It’scertainthatmanythingsfromAmericaareasmuchapartofpeople’slivesasSpanishthings.Forexample,CocaColaisasfamiliartoeverybodyasanytypicalSpanishproduct.I’veknownaboutCocaColaformywholelife.However,it’sdifferentwithWesternfastfood.Forexample,Idon’tthinkMcDonald’sisassuccessfulinSpainasitisinothercountries.Inmyopinion,oneofthereasonsmaybethelifestyleoftheSpanishpeople.TheSpanishpeoplenormallyeatathome.Ontheotherhand,maybeMcDonald’shamburgerswilleventuallyreplacethefamousSpanishtapas.It’struethatineverycityinSpainyoucanfindaMcDonald’s,anditismorepopularamongtheSpanishchildrenthanamongtheadults.Inanycase,it’sobviousthatAmericancultureisbecomingmoreandmoreapartofourliveseveryday.1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknowthat____.A.theinfluenceofAmericaonSpaincanbefoundeverywhereB.mostSpanishpeopledon’tliketolistentotheirownmusicC.fastfoodspreadsfromSpaintotheUnitedStatesD.someSpanishactorsgotoAmericatoimprovetheiractingskills2.WhatplaysanimportantpartinthespreadingofAmericancultureinSpain?A.Americannovels.B.Hollywoodmovies.C.McDonald’s.D.Americanmusic.3.Whydidthegovernmentsetsomerulesforthe