沪教版小学英语三年级下册笔记

④大小写和标点答：Howareyou?Iameight.(划线提问)思考Youarehowold________________________？Theflowerisred.(划线提问)思考whatcolour______________________________？ThisisMrZhang.(划线提问)思考________________________？(6)Iwantsixapples.(划线提问)思考howmany__________________doyouwant？(7)Thepeachisoneyuan.思考howmuch__________________thepeach？(8)Aliceisinthelibrary.(划线提问)________________Alice?=____________Alice?三下重点特殊疑问词：howfeel/taste/smell,whatshape,whatseason...whatanimal/toy...(要会默写)Howdoesitfeel？Itishard.Howdotheyfeel?Theyaresoft.Howdoesittaste？Itissour.Howdotheytaste?Theyarebitter.Howdoesitsmell？Itisnice.Howdotheysmell?Theyarenotbad.Whatshapeisit?Itisatriangle.Whatshapearethey?Theyarestars.Whatseasonisit?Itisspring.1)Thepineappleishard.(划线提问)____________thepineapple______?Theglassesaresmooth.(划线提问)____________theglasses______?3)Itisbitter.(划线提问)____________it________?Thelemonsaresour.(划线提问)____________thelemons________?Theflowerisnice.(划线提问)____________theflower________?Ilikerabbits.(划线提问)________________________like?__________________like?Theyaretriangles.(划线提问)___________________________?Itisautumn.(划线提问)____________isit?1.实义动词，真正的动作，区别于系动词（即be动词），和情态动词（can）.分为原型和三单形式：我你复数用原型，他她它用三单。主语是我你复数，用原型。（原型，即单词原来的样子，不做任何变化）Ilikeapples./Youlikeapples./Welikeapples./Youlikeapples./Theylikeapples.主语是他她它，用三单。（动词的三单形式）Helikesapples./Shelikesapples./Itlikesapples./Thepiglikesapples...动词变三单的规则：（do变does）加srun-runs,feel-feels,like-likes,sing-sings,dance-dances加es：以sxchsh，或辅音字母+o结尾miss(想念)-misses，mix(混合)-mixes,watch(看）--watches,wash(洗）-washes,do-does以辅音字母+y结尾，y变成i加esfly-flies,carry-carries以元音字母+y结尾，加splay-plays特殊have-has注：跟名词变复数有很多相似之处。名词变复数的规则：加sapple-apples,bag-bags,cat-cats加es：以sxchshbus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches,watch-watches,fish-fishes特殊：patato-patatoes,tomato-tomatoes以辅音字母+y结尾，y变成i加esfly-flies,baby-babies以元音字母+y结尾，加stoy-toys,boy-boys特殊mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feetwolf-wolves,scarf-scarves,leaf-leaves单复数一致sheep-sheep另：有——have/has（属于实义动词的范畴）用have:Iyou,复数用has的情况：He/She/Ithas...(她他它--第三人称单数，简称三单。)Ihave,youhave,wehave,theyhave...Hehas,shehas,ithas,Alicehas2.我你他我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem谁的myyourhisheritsouryourtheir主格：做主语，放在动词前面。主动发出动作。宾格：做宾语，放在动词后面。动作的承受者。（帮助理解：我请你吃饭。请是动词，我是主人，我请，我放在动词前面，叫做主格。主格是放在动词前面的。你是宾客，放在动词后面，叫做宾格。动词后面，要用宾格形式。我请他吃饭：Iinvitehim.他请我吃饭：Heinvitesme.）作主语，放动词前面作宾语，放动词后面。我我喜欢苹果。Ilikeapples.看我！Lookatme.你你喜欢苹果。Youlikeapples.看你。Lookatyou.他他喜欢苹果。Helikesapples.看他。Lookathim.她她喜欢苹果。Shelikesapples.看她。Lookather.它它喜欢苹果。Itlikesapples.看它。Lookatit.我们我们喜欢苹果。Welikeapples.看我们。Lookatus.你们你们喜欢苹果。Youlikeapples.看你们。Lookatyou.他/她/它们他/她/它们喜欢苹果。Theylikeapples.看他们。Lookatthem.这个那个（指示代词,与a/an,the,谁的不兼容）单数thisthatit复数thesethosetheyLookatthisbag.Lookatthebag.Lookatmybag.题目：单数句和复数句互换4.我和你。关于问题和答句的人称，需要互换。中文思考：你叫什么名字？我叫Jane。<中文你我互换，即英文的you,I互换>Whoareyou?答：I’mJane.Whatisyourname?答：MynameisJane.但要注意分析逻辑关系。Isthis___book?No,it’s___book.A.your…yourB.your…myC.my…your思考：关键点在答句的No。两种情况：这是你的书吗？不(不是我的），是你的书。这是我的书吗？不(不是你的），是我的书。所以应该是your...your或者my...my.（A)对比：Isthis___book?Yes,it’s___book.A.your…yourB.your…myC.My…your思考：关键点在答句的Yes。粗读题，B或者C的都可以，还有小陷阱，句子中间my不能大写。（B)5.and（1）句子中要有动词；若有多个动词，要用and连起来。Thegrassgrowsandgrows.Theleavesfallandfall.Icansing,danceanddraw.(2)and连接前后一样的成分，可以是同类的词（动词或者形容词），也可以是两个句子。Icansinganddance.连接两个动词。Itisbigandnice.连接两个形容词。IcansingandIcandance.连接两个句子。题型：改写句子（两个句子合并成一句话）Itisbig.Itisnice.Itis_______________________.对比：and连接前后一样的,but连接前后不一样的Ilikedolls.Idon’tlikerobots.(两句合并成一句)Ilikedolls，______Idon’tlikerobots.6.动词固定搭配（1）likedoing/todo.Ilikeridingmybicycle./Iliketoridemybicucle.（2）wanttodo.Iwanttogotothebeach.（3）cando（4）lookat,listento直接加直接加ing:reading,playing,flying,drawing,singing,,...去e加ing:dancing,writing,riding,skating...双写最后一个字母加ing:running,hopping,skipping,swimming...动词加ing的规律：介词常见介词有to,of,for,on,in,at,with,under,by,beside等，表示：的，方向，目的，用，位置关系...另，某些动词后面的介词是固定的：lookat,listento还有固定短语：athome,inenglish,apairof,apicture/photo/photographof,at/in加地点时：at加小地方，in加大地方Wherearethey?Theyareatthesupermarket.（小超市）=inthesupermarket.（大超市）题目：用正确的介词填空。1.Thisisaphoto_____aDanny.Hehasapair_______gloves.2.One_____youandone______me.3.Happybirthday______you.4.Icanwrite______myhands.5.Thereisabowl_______thetable.(在...的上面)6.What'sthis______English?7.UncleBaitakesarest_________thetree.(在...的下面)8.Therearetwobooks_____thebag.(在...的里面)9.Ihaveapair______glovesforwinter.10.Iliketoread________home.11.Listen_____Alice!Sheisskiing.12.Look______thepandas.Theyarelovely.13.Thisisaphoto_______myschool.a/an(1)a/an不定冠词,the定冠词,Lookat_____sky.____sunisorange.Icansee_____cloud.1）意思不同定冠词a，an用来表示“—”的意思，不具体说明是何人何物。定冠词the特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。2）用法不同定冠词a，an一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。定冠词the用在世界上独一无二的事物前。themoon,thesun,theskya/an是数词*a/an也是数词，一个，其他数词two,three,four...这是都是确定的数量。*不确定的数量，一些，用some.some一些，如果后面跟的是可数名词，要用可数名词的复数形式，someapples。some后面也可以用不可数名词，如somewater。问句或者否定句中，some变any.渴望得到肯定回答，some不变。MayIhavesomeapples,please?*很多，用many/much,many跟可数名词，much跟不可数名词。*howmany问数量，howmuch问价格Howmany____arethere?Onepear.A.pearB.pearsC.apearHowmany后面用的是可数名词的复数。不论回答的是单个还是多个。Howmuchisthepeach?It’soneyuan.Howmucharethepeaches?Theyarefouryuan.Howmuch后面用is还是are，由后面名词的单数和复数决定。题目：Whatisthis?It’s_______orange.Iwantsome______(milk)and______(bread)Iwantsome______(apple)and______(pear)9.TherebeTherearetwopencilsonthedesk.（划线提问）______________________________onthedesk？对two提问，用howmany.名词复数紧跟howmany.Thereare放在问句中，are提前，变成arethereHowmanypencilsarethereonthedesk?Therebe后面加名词，is/are的选择，看名词的单数还是复数。单数is,复数are.Thereisanappleonthetable.Therearesomeapplesatthesupermarket.Therearesome+可数名词复数Thereissomemilkatthesupermarket.Thereissome+不可数名词有关数量提问的变式句子。Iwantanapple.(划线提问）_______