文化视角探究英汉颜色词的内涵意义

个人资料整理 仅限学习使用编 号：OntheConnotationsofColorWordsinEnglishandChinesefromCulturalViewpoint从文化视角探究英汉颜色词地内涵意义论文作者名称：作者学号：所在学院：所学专业：导师姓名、职称：论文完成时间：OntheConnotationsofColorWordsinEnglishandChinesefromCulturalViewpointb5E2RGbCAP从文化视角探究英汉颜色词地内涵意义UniversityMay2018AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,IwouldliketoexpressmydeepestgratitudetoChenJingjing,mysupervisor,forherpatientinstructionsandconstantencouragement.Shehasmadegreatefforttoguidemetofinishthispaperandwalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofit.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thispapercouldnothavereacheditspresentformp1EanqFDPw.Second,myheartfeltthanksshouldgototheprofessorsandteachersatthea/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用DepartmentofEnglishwhohavetaughtmeintheseyears.Theirprofoundknowledgeindifferentfieldsisconductivetothewritingofthisthesis.DXDiTa9E3dLastmythankswouldgotomybelovedfamilyandfriendswhoseencouragementandassistancehavehelpedmeovercomemanydifficultiesinstudyRTCrpUDGiT.Abstract】Culturalconnotationispeople'sethicalandmoralcognizanceandobedience,aswellasthestandardsofpeople`slifestyle.Colorwords,obviously,isanvitalelementofculture.Duetodifferentvalues,customs,religions,livingenvironmentandhistoricaldevelopment,ChineseandEnglishreflecttheirculturalconnotationsrespectively.ThispapershowsthesimilaritiesanddifferencesintheconnotationsofcolorwordsinChineseandEnglishfromculturalviewpoint.Bycomparing,welearnthatitisofgreatimportancetogetwellacquaintedwiththeculturalconnotationsofChineseandEnglish.Thestudyofculturalconnotationsofcolorwordsinbothlanguagesmakeslearnerstolearnthetargetlanguagemoreefficientlyandishelpfultocross-culturalcommunicationandtranslationasmisunderstandinganddisgustingcanbeeliminated.5PCzVD7HxA【Key words】color words。 cultural viewpoint。 cultural connotationjLBHrnAILg【摘要】文化内涵表现出人类对道德地认识和遵守 ,它为人们地生活方式提供了参照标准.而颜色词汇则当之无愧地成为了文化范畴中一种不可或缺地元素 .然而,由于受不同地价值观、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、生活环境和历史发展地影响 ,英汉两种语言分别反映出各具其自身特色地文化内涵 .本文试从文化角度比较英汉语言中地颜色词汇地异同 ,由微观到宏观,向读者展示出两种语言地艺术魅力 .通过对比分析,可获知,熟识英汉语言颜色词汇地文化内涵具有极其重要地意义 .其一,辨别区分两种语言颜色词汇地异同促使学生更有效地学习目标语；其二 ,掌握两种语言颜色词汇文化内涵地相似性与差异性 ,将其运用到实践当中 ,有助于消除中西方b/14, .xHAQX74J0X【关键词】ContentsAbstract(English>iLDAYtRyKfEAbstract(Chinese>......iiZzz6ZB2LtkContentsI..........iiidvzfvkwM1ChapterOneIntroduction ...1ChapterTwoTheSimilaritiesintheConnotationsofColorWordsinbothLanguagesrqyn14ZNXI ...32 . 1 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“White” ..3EmxvxOtOco2 . 2 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“Blue” 4SixE2yXPq52 . 3 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“Black” ..46ewMyirQFLChapterThreeThedifferencesintheConnotationsofColorWordsinbothLanguageskavU42VRUs .63 . 1 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“Red” .... 6y6v3ALoS893 . 2 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“Yellow” ...7M2ub6vSTnP3 . 3 C u l t u r a l C o n n o t a t i o n s o f“Green” .70YujCfmUCwChapterFourCausesthatAffecttheConnotationsofColorWords.....9eUts8ZQVRd4.1Historybackground 9c/144.2GeographicalEnvironment.....9sQsAEJkW5T4.3Religions...104.4Perspectives...10ChapterFiveConclusion...11GMsIasNXkABibliography .....12ChapterOneIntroductionCulturalconnotationisthereflectionofhumanlife,therecordsofhumanactivitiesandtheprecipitationofhistory.Itispeople`sneedsandrequirements,idealanddesireforlife,aswellasspiritualreposing.Withitsspecialideologicalandtheoreticalelements,culturalconnotationispeople’sethicalandmoralcognizanceandobedience,aswellasthestandardsofpeople’slifestyle.Thevalueofculturalconnotation,withitscentralfeaturesonpersonality,isthecoreofculturalconsciousness,alsothefountainofnationalcohesionandenterprisingspirit.Itdeeplyinfluencesthethoughtsandbehaviorsofhumangroupinthefieldsofmorality,religion,art,science,economy,politics,law,custom,etc.Duetodifferentvalues,customs,religions,livingenvironmentandhistoricaldevelopment,eachnationalityhasformeditsownculturalnorms,whichiscalled“culturalfeatures”These.culturalfeaturesrespectivelyreflecttheirexpressions.Namely,thereexistssimilarordifferentrepresentationmethodforthesamemeaningunderdifferentculturalcircumstances,andalsothesameexpressionmethodpassingthedistinctculturalconnotations.Ifyoudon’tknowtheseculturalsimilaritiesanddifferencesinthelanguageconnotation,youwillneverreachtheaimofcommunication,andevencausemisunderstandinganddisgust.TIrRGchYzgd/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用Color,anobjectiveandspecialsubstanceform,iscloselyrelatedtohumanlife.Peoplecouldresponditbothvisuallyandemotionally.Colorwordsareindipensableinhumanlanguages.Becauseofthedistinctionsofculturalbackgroundandpsychology,differentnationshavedifferentassociationsandfeelingstocolorwords.Withthedevelopmentofsocietyandevolutionofhistory,colorwordsnotonlyhavethebasicconceptualmeaningsbutalsohavedeepconnotativemeanings.Differentethnicgroupsholddifferentviewsoncolorcategory.Anationsclassification’onthecolorwordshascloserelationshipwithitsecologicalandculturalenvironment.Owingtoculturalfactors,thereexistsdifferencesbetweenclassificationsofcolorwordsinlanguages。andtherealsoexistssimilarviewsonthisissueinethnicgroups.WiththehighdevelopmentofcommunicationbetweenChineseandwesternculture,colorwords,withitsmeaningfulculturalconnotations,isinevitablybecomingoneoftheobstaclesofcross-culturalcommunication.Soit’sofgreatimportancetodistinguishtheconnotationsofcolorwordsinbothlanguagesasitcanfacilitatecross-culturalcommunicationandimprovebeginnerslanguage’ability.7EqZcWLZNXChapterTwoTheSimilaritiesintheConnotationsofColorWordsinbothLanguageslzq7IGf02EThoughtherearedifferentcultures,customsandwaysofthinkingindifferentcountries,fromalargeextent,theexternalconditionsinwhichmankindlivearecommon.Basedonthecommonunderstandingandexperiences,peoplefromallovertheworldtendtoachievesortofconsensusonthecolors.Differentnationsmayvestacolorinthesamesymbolicmeaningsleadingtoassociatedcoincidencesofcolorwords.zvpgeqJ1hk2.1CulturalConnotationsof “White”Someassociatedmeaningsabout“white”aresimilarbothinEnglishandChinese.InEnglish,itstandsforhonesty.Expressionslikewhite“whitesoulspirit”,“white”,“man”and“whitehand”containsitsconionotat.“White”alsoreferstokindnessande/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用harmlessness.Sometimeswecannottellothersthetruthbecausewedon’twanttohurtthem.Sowehavetotellthem“whitelies”whichmeansliesfullofkindness.“SnowWhite”isasymbolofidealisticladycombingwithwisdom,gentlenessandbeauty.Angels,symbolizingpureandlovelypeople,haveapairofwhitewingswiththem.ThewhiteswaninthefamousballetoperaSwanLakeisthesymbolofgoodness,chastityandniceness.Inaddition,“whiteChristmas”symbolizeshappiness,welfareandfestivity.“Awhiteday”meansanauspiciousday.“Whitemomentsoflife”referstoone’sgoldentimeincarrer。“daysmarkedwithawhitestone”meanshappytimesinone’slife.Asconnotationsofwhiteareadmirable,therearesomeextendmeaningsofitsuchasjusticeandequity.“Theytreateduswhite”meansthattheytreatedusequallywithoutprejudice.Thephrase“whitelight”meansrighteousjudgment.NrpoJac3v1InChinese,althoughtherearesomenegativemeaningsabout“white”asitisoftenberelatedtodeathandfuneralceremony,itstillhavesomepositivemeaningsrepresentinghope,peace,innocence,purity,justiceandgoodness,asreflectedinsayingslike“洁白如玉(aswhiteasjade>”,“清白无辜(totallyinnocent>”,“阳春白雪(decentliterature>”,“白衣天使(angelsinwhite---hospitalnurses>”,“白色收入(legalincomesofChinesepeople>”and“白道(regularandpropermethods>”.Andnowadays,likewesterners,almosteveryChinesebrideschoosewhiteweddingdressasisbeautifulandgraceful.1nowfTG4KIInbrief,“white”hasthecommendatoryassociatedconnotationsinbothChineseandwesternculture.fjnFLDa5Zo2.2CulturalConnotationsof “Blue”Blueisagentleandcoolcolor. Inchinese, “blue”standsforpeaceandsilence,oftencallinpeople’smemoriesoftheskyandthesea.Westernscholarsalsothinksoandtheycalltheskyorthesea “theblue ”.ItcanbeprovedfromEnglishsayingsli“aboltfromtheblue(晴天霹雳>”,andonce“inabluemoon(千载难逢>”The.coloroftenremindspeopleoflongingforthefuture.Supposehowcomfortableitwouldbeiff/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用wecouldflyintheskylikeabirdorswimintheoceanlikeafish!Blueissowell-knownthat“bluejeans”ispopularallovertheworld.Almosteveryoneintheworldhasbluejeansnomatterwhatnationalityheis.InEnglishliterature,bluealsostandsforgracefulnessandloyalty.“Theblueblood”meanstheonewhoisborninanoblefamily.“Truebluewillneverstain”meansthataloyalpersonwillneverdobadthings.tfnNhnE6e5What’smore,inbothlanguages“blue”implies“sad”or“depressedWhen”.someoneisupset,wecansay“helooksblue”or“heisinabluemood”.Theexpression“BlueMonday”expressespeoples’unwillingnesstogobacktoworkorstudyafterenjoyingahappyweekend.Therecomestobeasentence,Youain’tbeenbluetillyou’vehadthatMoodIndigo,inthesongMoodIndigo.Alltheproofsstatesthat“blue”isthedelegateof“depressed”.Ineconomyvocabulary,theterm“blue-collar”(“蓝领”inChinese>referstoworkersengaginginmanuallaborsHbmVN777sL.Therefore,theword“blue”hasthesimilarconceptionalmeaningsandculturalconnotationsbothinChineseandinEnglishV7l4jRB8Hs.2.3CulturalConnotationsof “Black”Owingtoitsgloomytonal,“black”istheworstoneinmeaningamongthevariouscolorwords.Therearecommomculturalconnotationsinbothlanguagesabout“black”,asitisassociatedwith“evil”,“harmful”or“vicious”.Wordslike“blackmarket(黑市>”and“blackhearted(黑心>”bothhavethenegativemeanings.Wordsandphrasesthatdescribesomeone’sbadmoodorlookareasfollows:83lcPA59W9black-browed(worried>。tobeunderablackdog(tobedeeplyupset>。togointotheback(tomourn>。togivesb.ablacklook(togivesb.adirtylook>。etc.mZkklkzaaPWhat’smore,somepeoplewiththoughtsofsuperstitionareseriouslyboredwith“BlackFriday”whichisonthethirteenthdayofamonth.Theymaynotgooutonthatg/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用daybacausetheyareafraidofunfortunefallingonthem.Thephrase“blacksheep”referstothosewhohavebadreputations.Forexample,“Heistheblacksheepofthefamily.”AVktR43bpwBlackisatabooinChinaasitbringspeoplewithgriefandsorrow.TheAvernusinlegendisfullofdarknessandoppositetobrightness.Soblackstandsfordeathandhorror.Inancienttimes,criminalswerecarvedintheirfacesandpaintedwithblackink.Soblackhasthemeaningofshame.Anotherconnotationofblackisillegalthingsascanbeexpressedin“黑社会(gangland>”,“黑户(familywithoutresidenceregistration>”,“黑车(unlisensedcab>”,“黑货(smuggledgoods>”,“黑市(blackmarket>”and“黑名单(blacklist>”.DuringtheGreatCulturalRevolutionperiod,theturbulentsocietycreatessomenewwordssuchas“黑五类”and“黑帮子女”whichrefertotheoffspringsoftheanti-revolutionarypeople.ORjBnOwcEdInbrief,blacksharesdependentderogatoryconnotationsbothinChineseandWesterncultureduetosimilarawareness2MiJTy0dTT.ChapterThreeThedifferencesintheConnotationsofColorWordsinbothLanguagesgIiSpiue7ADuetodifferentculturalbackgrounds,thereexistsmanydifferencesintheconnotationsofthesamecolorwordsinChineseandEnglish.Sometypicaldifferencesareillustratedasfollows.uEh0U1Yfmh3.1CulturalConnotationsof “Red”Inthewest,“red”symbolizes“violence”and“bleeding”,forinstance,theredrulesoftoothandclaw。redhands。redbattle。redrevolution。redactivities.In“redalert”and“redadventurestory”,itmeansdangerandtension.Theexpression“red-ruin”meansthebleedingsceneafterthewar.Sometimes“red”isaccociatedwithfemale.“Redlady”meansprostitute.IntheEnglishnovelTessoftheD'urbervilles,redhasappearedforfifteentimes,suchas“redribbon”,“redwrath”,“redcoal”,“red-berriedhedges”,“redpaint”,“redpetticoat”,“redtoplip”,“redinteriorofhermouth”and“redtyrant”.WecaninferfromthosewordsthateventhoughredexpressesTess’h/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用youthandbeauty,itimpliesthedangerandtragedytocomeintobeingsoonerorlater.“Red”isalsorelatedtoeconomyonbehalfofliabilitiesandlossessuchas“redfigure”,“redbalance”and“redmoon”.IAg9qLsgBXHowever,theChinesehaveaspecialaffectionanddeeplovefor“red”.Theythinkitstandsforhappiness,warmness,brightness,successandwealth.InChinese,“开门红”meanstobeginwellortomakeagoodstart。“红光满面”meansone`sfaceisglowingwithhealth。“红颜知己”meansabosomfriendwithaprettyfaceorabeautifulintimatewomanfriend。“红极一时”meanstobewellknownforatimeortoenjoypopularityforatime。“红颜薄命”meansthebeautifulwomenwhosufferunhappyfates。“红双喜”meansthedoublehappinesswritteninredwhichisputupontothewallofthenewcouple`shousebeforegettingmarried。“红火”meansflouringwhichisusedtodescribebusiness。“红歌星”meansthesingerwhoisextremelypopularatthattime。“红娘”meansgobetweenormatchmaker。“红运”meansgoodluck。“红榜”meansthehonorroll。“红包”meansaredpaperenvelopecontainingmoneyasagift,tiporbonus.“红蛋”referstotheeggsdyedredonthehappyoccasionofthebirthofachildandgivenasgiftstofriendsandrelatives.AlmostalltheconnotationsofredinChineseisapprovingWwghWvVhPE.3.2CulturalConnotationsof “Yellow”“Yellowis”thecolorofHanNationalityrespectedbyalltheChinesepeople.Wecallourmotherriver“theYellowRiver”.Andwebelongto“theYellowrace”.InoldChina,“yellow”hasbeenputontoahighposition,standingfordignity,whichhasbeentheproprietarycoloroftheEmperor.TheKing`sthrone,clothesandthePalacerooftileareallyellow.“Theimperialyellowrobe”,belongingtotheEmperoronly,hasbeenlookedonasthesymboloftheimperialauthority.Moreover,“yellow”alsostandsforwealthaswehearof“黄金时间”,“黄金地段”.Andtheterm“黄熟”meansgoodcrop.Soitcomestoatraditionalidiomnamed“黄粱美梦”whichmeansGoldenMilletDreamfromthestoryofapoorscholarwhodreamthehadbecomeanofficiali/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用butawoketofindthepotofmilletstillcookingonthefire–pipedream.“黄道吉日”meansaluckyday.SotheChinesehaveaspeciallovefor“yellow”.asfpsfpi4kBut“yellowusually”representsdanger,degradation,sicknessanddeathinEnglishcultureandthereisnogoodmeaningsforit.Yellowjournalism,inAmericanEnglish,referstothenewspaperstyletoattractthereadersbymeansofbabbittryutterancesanddeliberatelyexageratereports.“Yellowdog”meansbeggaryman。“yellowlivered”meanstimid。“yellowlooks”meanssuspiciousexpressions。“Towearyellowhorse”meanstobejealous.In1602,Middletondescribedthefemalewithdispositiontojealousyas“yellowlady”.Shakespeareusedtheword“yellowjealousy”thefirsttimeinhisTheWinter’sTalein1611.Inaddition,apersonwhoisyellowhasnocourageinEnglishculture.Theterms“yellowblight”and“yellowfever”meancertainkindsofdiseasesinEnglishooeyYZTjj1.3.3CulturalConnotationsof “Green”InChina,“green”isthefavourablecolor.Itisthelifecoloroftheplants.Asisassociatedwithspring,grasslands,forestsandlakes,theancientpeopleusedtoconsideritasyouth,peace,hope,security,goodluckandfreshness.Greenremindspeopleofenvironmentalprotectionasourearthisseriouslypolluted.Chinesegovernmentispayingmoreandmoreattentiontotheprotectionofecologicalenvironmentasmoreandmoreforestsaredisappearing“Green.Olympic”isoneofthethemesofBeijingOlympicSportsMeetingin2008.Itsculturalconnotationistotaketheprojectconstruction,marketdevelopment,procurement,logistics,accommodation,diningandotherlargeactivitieswiththeideaof“sustainabledevelopment”caringforenvironmentalprotection,resourcesprotectionandecologicalprotection.Theterm“绿色食品”meansfoodwithoutchemicalpollution.Moreover,greenisalsoassociatedwithwomeninChineseculture.“绿云扰扰”isusedinancientliteraturetodescribethebeautifulandlonghairsofconcubinesintheimperialpalaceBkeGuInkxI.ButinEnglish,“green”isthemetaphorofenvy.Phraseslike“green-eyed”,“greenwithenvy”and“be/getgreen”meanssomeoneisjealous.Thissortofmeaningj/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用isbasedonthewesternconceptionthatgreenisthesymbolofhealthandactiveness,whichisaprovocationtoothercolors.Sowesternersidentifygreenwithjealousy.Inaddition,“green”alsoreferstohavingnoexperienceandbeinglackoftraining“.Greenhands”meanssomeonewhoisanewbie.Anotherconnotationof“green”isinfantility.“Doyouseeanygreeninmyeyes?”means“DoyouthinkIamnaiveenoughtobecheated?”Amricancurrencyiscalled“greenback”becausethebacksideofitisgreen.Therefore,greenstandsformoney,wealthandcapitalisminAmerica.Theterm“greenpower”meansthepowerofmoney.Undermostcircumstances,itsmeaningisnegativebecausepeoplemaybecomegreedyinordertomakemoreandmoremoneydrivenbyendlessdesires.InAmericanStockMarket,greenstandsforpricerising,whichisoppositetothatinChina.Asgreenissortofweirdinwesterners’eyes,thephrase“littleGreenMen”meansaliensinEnglishculturePgdO0sRlMo.ChapterFourCausesthatAffecttheConnotationsofColorWords3cdXwckm154.1HistoricalBackgroundHistoricalbackgroundisthemostimportantreasonforculturalconnotationsofcolorwords.Inwesterncountries,astherewasashortperiodoffeudalsociety,andmoderneducationandsciencehasbeenrapidlydeveloped,thewesternershaveascientificattitudetowardstheworld.Onthecontrary,Chinahasbeenunderthecontroloffeudalismforthousandsofyears,soitseducationismorebackwardthanthatofwesterncountries.AndtheoutsideworldismysterioustotheChinese.Take“red”forexample,theancesterofthewesternersleadanomadlife.Soredalwaysmakethemthinkofslaughter,violenceandotherdangerousbehavior.However,inChineseculture,redisoriginatedfromthesun,whichshinestotakecareofallthelivingthingsintheworld.SotheChinesehaveacordialfeelingtothesunaswellasred.SincethereexistsgreatconnotationdifferencesofredbetweenWesternandChineseculture,anappropriatemeasureshouldbetakenintranslation.Forexample,whentranslating“红楼梦”,Hawkstranslateditinto“TheStoryoftheStone”insteadof“ADreamofRedk/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用Mansions”in order to avoid misunderstandingof the novel in westerners’minds.h8c52WOngM4.2GeographicalEnvironmentSomeconnotationsofcolorwordsaredecidedbygeographicalenvironment.Forinstance,itoftensnowsinEuropeduetoitsgeographicallocation.Astheeuropeanoftenseesnow,theyareinfavorofwhitetosomeextent.Andthewesternersareregardedasthewhiterace,whichseemsmorenobleandrespectablethananyotherraces.That’swhywhitehasthepositiveconnotationsinEnglishculture.WhiletheAfricanalwaysleadtheirlivesinthesunandtheirdarkskinmakethemselvesbeinglookeddownuponandtheyhavetobearracialdiscrimination.Soblackoftenstandsfornegativemeaningsv4bdyGious.4.3ReligionsReligionplaysavitalroleintheconnotationsofcolorwords.InEnglish,yellowmakespeoplethinkoftreason.IntheBible,theonewhobetrayedJesusChristwasalwaysdressedinyellow.WhileyellowistherepresentativeofbuddhisminChinaandtheupscalebuddhastatueisgoldeninordertoshowitsnobilityJ0bm4qMpJ9.Theterm“blackFriday”isalsofromreligion.FridayisasaddaytoChristianbecauseJesuswascrucifiedtodeathonthatday.ItissaidthatAdamandEvehavebeendrivenawayfromEdenandtheydiedonFriday.BlackisthesymbolofevilandsadnessintheBible,soblackisthecolorofdeathinwesterners’minds.XVauA9grYPThereligiousdifferencesbetweenChinaandthewestmakespeoplehavedifferencesonlanguageunderstandingandexpressingbR9C6TJscw.4.4PerspectivesDifferentabilitiestoperceiveiscausedbydifferentangles.Anglemeansposition,pointofview,approach.Forinstance,“blacktea”inEnglishisexpressedas“红茶”inl/14个人资料整理 仅限学习使用Chinese.Thewesternerscallit“blacktea”accordingtothecoloroftea-leaves,whiletheChinesecallit“红茶”accordingtothe