2022-2023学年山西省长治市淮海机械厂中学高二英语期末试题含解析

2022-2023学年山西省长治市淮海机械厂中学高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Theaccidentwas________thedriver’scarelessdrivingratherthanbadweather.A.because

B.thanksto

C.accustomedto

D.dueto参考答案：D2.Itisknownthattheweightofanobject________fromplacetoplaceontheearth.A．exchanges

B．variesC．translates

D．ranges参考答案：B3.---______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?---Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.Wherewasit B.Whatwasit C.Howwasit D.Whywasit参考答案：C句意：——他是如何得到信息的？——哦，他的一个朋友帮了他。根据回答可知应该提问怎样得到的信息，故用疑问词how，强调句型的特殊疑问句型为“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他成分”。故选C。4.Threeminutesearlier,

theycouldhaveescapedsuchadisaster.A.so B.but C.or D.and参考答案：D5.______bythegunshots,thecustomersintheshoppingmallallrushedoutinpanic.A.Frightened B.Beingfrightened C.Frightening D.Havingfrightened参考答案：A考查非谓语动词。句意：被枪声吓到了，购物超市的顾客们都惊恐地冲出去了。逗号后面是简单句，说明前面是非谓语动词作状语。thecustomers和frighten是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故选A。6.I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_________withmyprogress.

A.theteacherisnotsatisfied

B.istheteachernotsatisfied

C.theteacherissatisfied

D.istheteachersatisfied参考答案：D7.---Wouldyouliketo______theperformanceofnewlydevelopedenergy-savingdevice?---Sorry,butIamnotinthepositionto______.A.makeacommenton;comment

B.haveacommentwith;commentonC.buildupcommentson;commenton

D.comeupwithacommenton;comment参考答案：A8.Ifyouhaveanopportunity,________yourselftoitandfinallyyouwillsucceed.A.dodevote

B.todevote

Cdevoting

D.devoted参考答案：A9.MoreexpresswaysinSichuan_______soontopromotethelocaleconomy.A.arebeingbuilt B.willbebuiltC.havebeenbuilt D.hadbeenbuilt参考答案：B试题分析：考查时态。本句为时态题，根据时间状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。本题考查时态。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语soon，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是过去完成时。故选择B。【考点定位】考查时态10.Don’talways_______yourownfailure_______others.Sometimesyouyourself________.A．blame；on；aretobeblamedB．blame；for；aretoblameC．blame；on；aretoblameD．blame；for；aretobeblamed参考答案：C略11.LiKeqiang,graduatedfrom__________DepartmentofEconomicsofPekingUniversity,waselected_________PremierofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.A.a;the

B./;the

C.the;/

D.the;a参考答案：C12.Thismagazineissaidtohavealarge_______,butIneverreaditbefore.

A．circulation

B．contribution

C．demonstration

D．explanation参考答案：A13.Theboy________isstandingoverthereismyclassmate.

A.which

B.whose

C.who

D.whom参考答案：C14.Youcanborrowmycar________youpromisenottodrivetoofast.A.unless

B.evenifC.incase

D.aslongas参考答案：D句意：只要你答应不开得太快，我就可以把车借给你。本题考查条件状语从句。unless＝ifnot如果不；evenif即使；incase以防，以上三项均不符合语境。15.DalaiLamacreatedcontinuoustroublesintheworld,tryingto____theChinesecentralgovernment.A.

breakawayformB.

breakdownC.

breakoutD.

breakup参考答案：A略16.Severalscientistsareworkingtogethertocreate_____theyhopewillbethecheapestformofenergyinthe21stcentury.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.who参考答案：C二、完型填空17.

Recently,Ihaveexperiencedathing.The

41

thinghappened

42

melastSunday.Itwassuchabeautifulday

43

Idrovetogoforalookinthecountry.Onthewaybackhome,my

44

stopped.Itwasoutofgasona

45

roadfarfromatown!IdecidedtowalkuntilIfoundsomeone

46

couldsellsomegas.Ihadwalkedalmostamile

47

Ifinallyfoundahousenearthe

48

Iwasgladtoseeitbecauseitwasgettingdark.Iknockedatthedoorandalittleoldladywithlongwhitehair

49

.Shesaid,“I’vebeen

50

foryouhereforalongtime.Comein.

51

isalmostready.”“ButIonlycameforsomegas,”Ianswered.Icouldn’t

52

whatshewastalkingabout.“Oh,Alfred!Gas?Youusedto

53

tea,”saidshe.

Iquickly

54

thatmycarwasoutof

55

,butshedidn’tseemtolistentome.Shejustkept56

meAlfredandtalkingabouthowlongithadbeen

57

shehadseenme.ShewasactingverystrangelyandIwantedtoleave.Assoonasshewenttogettea,IwentoutofthehouseasfastasI

58

.Fortunately,therewasanotherhousedowntheroadandIwasabletobuythegasIneeded.WhenItoldthemanaboutmy

59

,hesaid,“Oh,that’sMissEmily.Shelivesbyherselfinthatbighouse.She’sstrange,butshewouldn’t

60

anybody.Sheisstillwaitingforthemanshewasgoingtomarrythirtyyearsago.Thatdaybeforetheirweddinghelefthomeandnevercamebackbecauseofthewar.”41.A.happy

B.strange C.common D.bad42.A.on

B.in

C.upon

D.to43.A.and

B.so

C.but

D.that44.A.car

B.bus C.bike

D.truck45.A.narrow

B.lonely

C.crowded

D.busy46.A.what B.whom

C.who

D.how47.A.before B.after

C.while

D.as48.A.street

B.place

C.town

D.road49.A.came

B.answered C.opened

D.appeared50.A.asking B.looking C.calling D.waiting51.A.Gas B.Coffee

C.Tea D.Lunch52.A.consider

B.understand

C.like D.learn53.A.know B.knowing

C.like

D.liking54.A.answered

B.explained

C.refused

D.promised55.A.gas

B.tea

C.strength D.energy56.A.calling

B.call

C.tocall D.called57.A.until B.before

C.since D.when58.A.could B.should C.would D.might59.A.accident B.incident C.experience

D.surprise60.A.hit B.injury

C.hurt

D.frighten参考答案：41.B 42.D 43.D 44.A 45.B 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.B 50.D 51.C 52.B 53.C 54.B 55.A 56.A 57.C 58.A 59.C 60.C 三、阅读理解18.Mostpeopleagreethatbeingagooddrivermeansbeingsafeandnotaggressiveontheroad.Onedebatesomepeoplestillargue,however,iswhodrivesbetter:menorwomen?Althoughit’simpossibletosaythatonegenderdrivesbetterthananotherdefinitively,therearesomenoteworthytrends.MaledriverstendtohavemoreaccidentsDatafromtheInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafety(IIHS)showsthatmaledriverstendtohavemoretotalaccidentsthanfemales.TheIIHS,anindependentnon-profitdevotedtoreducingcaraccidents,alsofoundthat71percentofallmotorvehiclecrashdeathsin2017weremales.Althoughthegaphasnarrowed,almosteveryyearfrom1975to2017,thenumberofmalecrashdeathswasmorethantwicethenumberoffemalecrashdeaths,pertheIIHS.Womenmightbeless-confidentbehindthewheelAlthoughmaledrivershavemoreaccidents,otherresearchshowswomenaren’t“perfect”drivers,either.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofMichigan’sTransportationResearchInstitutestudiedtrafficaccidentsover20yearsandfoundthatfemaledriversaremorelikelytorunintoacardrivenbyanotherwomanthanaman.Thestudy,however,doesn’texplainpossiblereasonsforthispattern.Onethattheymightconsidertestinginthefutureisthatsomeresearchalsoshowswomenareless-confidentbehindthewheelthanmen.AstudyfromUCLAexploringtherelationshipbetweennewdrivers’skillsanddifferentvariables,includinggender(性别),showsfemalestudentswerelessconfidentdriversthanmen.Soaremenbetterdriversthanwomen?Genderisjustonefactorwhenitcomestosafedriving,alongwithotherssuchasage,andeventhetimeofdaypeopledrive.Onestudyshowsthatbothgendershaveagreateraccidentriskwhendrivingatnight,butmalesstillhaveahigherriskatalltimesoftheday.Drivingqualityalsochangesbasedonlocation,too,assomestatesaremoredangerousthanothers.DatafromtheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationshowsthatWyoming,Mississippi,andMontanahavehighaccidentdeathrates,withoutregardstogender.Itgoestoshowthateveryoneshouldlearnandpracticesafedrivinghabitsinsteadofworryingaboutwhodrivesbetter.24.AccordingtothedatafromtheIIHS,whatisthepercentageofmalesamongcaraccidentvictimsbefore2017?A.Biggerthan71% B.Smallerthan71% C.Exactly71% D.Notclear.25.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Inrecentyears,thenumberofcaraccidentscausedbymalesistwiceasmuchasthatthatbyfemales.B.Researchershavefoundoutwhythere'shigherpossibilityforwomendriverstorunintoeachother.C.Whiledrivinginthedaytime,maledrivershaveagreateraccidentriskthanfemaledrivers.D.Manystudieshaveshownthatfemalesarebetterandsaferdriversthanmales.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"variables"inParagraph4possiblymean?A.factors B.varieties C.phenomena D.consequences27.Fromwhichcolumnofanewspaperisthepassageprobablytaken?A.Science B.News C.Culture D.Traffic参考答案：24.A

25.C

26.A

27.D【分析】本文为议论文。主要论述了女司机和男司机在安全方面谁最出色。研究表明，男性司机出的事故多，女性开车没有男性自信。两种性别在夜间驾驶时都有较大的事故风险，但白天驾驶时，男性驾驶员比女性驾驶员有更大的事故风险。【24题详解】推理判断题。第二段第二、三行“TheIIHS,anindependentnon-profitdevotedtoreducingcaraccidents,alsofoundthat71percentofallmotorvehiclecrashdeathsin2017weremales.Althoughthegaphasnarrowed,almosteveryyearfrom1975to2017,…”，IIHS数据表明，2017年发生的车祸中的遇难者有71%是男性，而后一句则说从1975年到2017年中的每一年，车祸遇难者之中的男女比例差距(gap)都在缩小(narrowed)，由此推断2017年之前车祸遇难者男性比例是大于71%的。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句说，车祸遇难者男性比例是女性比例的两倍多，而不是导致车祸的男女比例，A项无依据，不选；第三段最后一句“Thestudy,however,doesn’texplainpossiblereasonsforthispattern.”说明女性相互之间发生车祸的可能性更高的原因还不明，B项错误；第五段第二行“Onestudyshowsthatbothgendershaveagreateraccidentriskwhendrivingatnight,butmalesstillhaveahigherriskatalltimesoftheday.”研究表明，两种性别在夜间驾驶时都有较大的事故风险，但男性在一天中的任何时候都有较高的事故风险。可知白天驾驶时，男性驾驶员比女性驾驶员有更大的事故风险C项正确；文章最后一段说明没有明显证据证明男性或女性是更为合格的驾驶员，D项错误。因此C符合题意，故选C。【26题详解】猜测词义题。根据第四段中的variables所在的句子“AstudyfromUCLAexploringtherelationshipbetweennewdrivers’skillsanddifferentvariables,includinggender(性别),showsfemalestudentswerelessconfidentdriversthanmen.”可知，UCLA的一项关于探究新手司机驾驶技巧和其它因素(factor，包括性别)之间关系的研究显示女性学员要比男性更缺乏自信。由此可推断出划线词的意思为“因素”。分析选项可知A正确。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论驾驶安全是否在性别上有明显差别，这样的文章一般出现在报纸的交通栏目中。故选D。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题词意猜测题。根据第四段中的variables所在的句子“AstudyfromUCLAexploringtherelationshipbetweennewdrivers’skillsanddifferentvariables,includinggender(性别),showsfemalestudentswerelessconfidentdriversthanmen.”可知，UCLA的一项关于探究新手司机驾驶技巧和其它因素(factor，包括性别)之间关系的研究显示女性学员要比男性更缺乏自信。由此可推断出划线词的意思为“因素”。分析选项可知A正确。19.阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,intermediateandlong-termgoals.Short-termgoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithpresentactivities.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekortwo,orpossiblemonths.Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanitsfoundation(基础),ourlong-termgoalscannotbeachievedwithouttheachievementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoals,weshoulddatethetimeandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathavebeencompleted.Theintermediategoalsbuildonthefoundationoftheshort-termgoals.Theymightdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyears,ortheycouldextendforseveralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,younever