【解析】四川省绵阳名校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末模拟检测英语试题

第第页【解析】四川省绵阳名校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末模拟检测英语试题登录二一教育在线组卷平台助您教考全无忧

四川省绵阳名校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末模拟检测英语试题

一、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）阅读理解

DiscoverJiangsu

Knownasshuixiang,or"thelandofwater",China'scoastalprovinceofJiangsuhasallthegeographicaladvantagestogiveitastarringroleintheepictaleofChina'sancientMaritime(海上的)SilkRoad.Withbusyportcities,historicsitesandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,Jiangsuistheperfectplacetotracethestoryofthisremarkabletraderoute.

NanjingandthevoyagesofZhengHe

AtthedawnoftheMingdynastythecityofNanjinginJiangsuwasdeclaredcapitalofChina.Aswellasbuildingoneofthelongestcitywallsinhistory,theemperororderedtheconstructionofvast"treasureships"in1403.UnderthecommandoflegendaryseafarerZhengHe,thefleetembarkedonsevenepicoceanvoyages,reachingasfarastheeastcoastofAfrica.

Nantongandoverseastrade

InJiangsu'sportcityofNantong,goodshaveflowedinandoutoftheprovincebywaterforcenturies.Today,fleetsofhardyfishingboatscatchyellowcroaker,seabream,seacrabsandmore.BeyondLusiPortTown,abusyseascapeofboatstravelonthewatersofJiangsu'scoast.It'sascenethatshowshowChina'shistoricMaritimeSilkRoadcontinuestothriveandgrowtothisday.

Yanchengandunspoilednature

SaltwasoneofthecommoditiesthatplayedakeyroleinthehistoryoftradeinJiangsu,contributingtothewealthandprosperityoftheprovince.AmajorsourcewasthetidalsaltflatsofYancheng,whichliterallymeans"saltcity".Thisremarkablelandscapealsoplayshosttotheepicmigrationsofrarebirdspecieslikecranes,egrets,andspoonbillsandpipers.

Yangzhou,Lianyungangandtheexchangeofideas

IntheJiangsucityofYangzhou,aTang-dynastymonkbythenameofJianzhensetsailtoJapantospreadtheteachingsofBuddhism.DamingTemple,whereJianzhenlived,canstillbevisitedtoday.

Centuriesearlier,BuddhismfirstsettledonJiangsu'sshores.KongwangMountaininLianyunganghassomeofChina'searliestexamplesofBuddhistart.ThesecarvingsshowhowtheMaritimeSilkRoadhelpedspreadreligionacrossChina.

1．WhatmadeJiangsuanAncientGatewaytotheMaritimeSilkRoad

A．ItsBuddhistart.B．Itsremarkableseascape.

C．Itswealthandprosperity.D．Itsgeographicaladvantages.

2．Whichcityhasahistorictempleasabigtouristattraction

A．Nanjing.B．Nantong.C．Yancheng.D．Yangzhou.

3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom

A．Ageographymagazine.B．Anacademicreport.

C．Aneconomicsbook.D．Atravelblog.

【答案】1．D

2．D

3．A

【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；自然地理类；人文地理类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了江苏在中国古代海上丝绸之路上发挥着重要作用，我们可以在其港口城市、历史遗迹和自然美景中追寻这条贸易线路的故事。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Knownasshuixiang,or‘thelandofwater',China'scoastalprovinceofJiangsuhasallthegeographicaladvantagestogiveitastarringroleintheepictaleofChina'sancientMaritime(海上的)SilkRoad."被称为"水乡"的中国沿海省份江苏拥有得天独厚的地理优势，在中国古代海上丝绸之路的史诗故事中发挥着重要作用。可知，江苏的地理优势使之成为通往海上丝绸之路的古老大门。故选D。

2．考查细节理解。根据Yangzhou,Lianyungangandtheexchangeofideas部分中的"IntheJiangsucityofYangzhou,aTang-dynastymonkbythenameofJianzhensetsailtoJapantospreadtheteachingsofBuddhism.DamingTemple,whereJianzhenlived,canstillbevisitedtoday."在江苏省扬州市，一位名叫鉴真的唐朝僧人乘船前往倭国传播佛教教义。鉴真居住的大明寺，至今仍可参观。可知，扬州拥有一座历史悠久的寺庙，是一个很大的旅游景点。故选D。

3．考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文介绍了江苏在中国古代海上丝绸之路上发挥着重要作用，我们可以在其港口城市、历史遗迹和自然美景中追寻这条贸易线路的故事。因此，文章关注的是中国古代海上丝绸之路背景下的江苏的人文地理和自然地理，应该出自地理杂志。故选A。

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）阅读理解

AsmuchasIlovewatchingOlympicdiving,I'veneverunderstoodwhyathleteshurryofftotheshowersandthenproceedtorelaxinahottub(热水浴池)aftereachdive.They'realreadywet.They'reonlyinthepoolforahandfulofseconds,soit'snotliketheyneedtogetcleanedup.Anddoesn'ttakingashowerservethesamepurposeassittinginahottub

Actually,that'swhatOlympicdiversusuallydobetweendivesastheyknowverywellabouttheimportanceofwarm-upsandcool-downs.So,what'stheactualreason

Asitturnsout,showersandhottubsareusedprettyinterchangeablybytheswimmingpool.However,thereisaneedforboth.First,let'sstartwithwhydiversneedtotakeashowerbetweendives.Ithastodowithbodytemperatureandkeepingtheirmusclesrelaxed.Asyoucanimagine,practicingdivesinthepool,thenhavingtokeepyourbodywarminashower,andthenjumpingoffa10-meterplatformandintocoldwatercouldn'tbecomfortableforanyone.Goingbackandforthbetweenthesewarmandcooltemperaturescancauseadiver'smusclestotenseorcrampup(痉挛)，whichcanleadtoinjuriestothemuscles.ShowersallowanOlympicdivertorecoverandpreventthat.

Inthatway,showersandhottubsservethesamepurpose.Ahottubisgenerallyusedifyouhaveabitmoretimebetweendivesandhavealreadystretched.Theshowerwallsonthepooldeckcantypicallyprovideenoughspaceformorediversatthesametime,andthey'reespeciallyhelpfulforathleteswhoneedtostretchorwhoonlyhaveafewminutesbetweendives.JustlikeOlympicswimmersdependonthickclothestokeeptheirmuscleswarm,Olympicdiversrelyonthesemethodstostayloose.Ifyouaskme,it'snotabadwaytopassthetime!

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"proceed"inParagraph1mean

A．Fail.B．Continue.C．Stop.D．Afford.

5．Whydotheathletesneedshowersafterdiving

A．Tofullycleantheirbody.

B．Torestandwaitfortheresults.

C．Toavoidpossiblemuscleinjuries.

D．Tostopthemselvesfromcatchingacold.

6．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest

A．Theshowerwallsaredesignedfordiversinthefinalround.

B．Olympicswimmersneedtostaywarmusinghottubs.

C．Athletesusuallydosomeactivitiestopassthetime.

D．Hottubsareasimportantasshowersfordivers.

7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext

A．Totellusthedifferencebetweendivingandswimming.

B．Toexplainsomelittle-knownknowledgeaboutdivers.

C．Tocomparecoldshowerswiththehotbath.

D．Toprovidesomedivingadviceforus.

【答案】4．B

5．C

6．D

7．B

【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；文娱体育类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇体育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

4．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"I'veneverunderstoodwhyathleteshurryofftotheshowersandthenproceedtorelaxinahottub(热水浴池)aftereachdive."我一直不明白，为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去洗澡，然后proceed在热水浴缸里放松。可知，游泳运动员跳水完后会去洗澡，之后接着在热水浴池放松身体，可推知，划线词proceed此处指"继续"含义，故选B。

5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Asyoucanimagine,practicingdivesinthepool,thenhavingtokeepyourbodywarminashower,andthenjumpingoffa10-meterplatformandintocoldwatercouldn'tbecomfortableforanyone.Goingbackandforthbetweenthesewarmandcooltemperaturescancauseadiver'smusclestotenseorcrampup(痉挛)，whichcanleadtoinjuriestothemuscles.ShowersallowanOlympicdivertorecoverandpreventthat."你可以想象，在游泳池里练习潜水，然后在淋浴时保持身体温暖，然后从10米高的平台上跳入冷水中，对任何人来说都不会舒服。在这些温暖和凉爽的温度之间来回穿梭可能导致潜水员的肌肉紧张或抽筋，这可能导致肌肉受伤。淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。可知，运动员跳水，因为水的暖热温度的交替，可能会使运动员的肌肉受伤，而跳水结束后的淋浴对运动员而言，可以使运动员避免肌肉受伤情况的发生。故选C。

6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Inthatway,showersandhottubsservethesamepurpose."这样一来，淋浴和热水浴池就起到了同样的作用；结合倒数第二段中的"ShowersallowanOlympicdivertorecoverandpreventthat."淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。可知，本段承接前文，主要说明热水浴池和淋浴的重要性是同样的。故选D。

7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"I'veneverunderstoodwhyathleteshurryofftotheshowersandthenproceedtorelaxinahottub(热水浴池)aftereachdive."我一直不明白，为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去洗澡，然后继续在热水浴缸里放松；以及第二段中的"So,what'stheactualreason"那么，真正的原因是什么？可知，写本篇文章主要是告诉人们跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。故选B。

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）阅读理解

AccordingtoarecentstudyinScience,pigsareprovidingconvincingnewevidencethatanimalsmayrespondemotionallytomusic.Thefindingmayleadtowaystoimprovetheirwelfareonfarms."It'sareallyneatstudythatshowsanimalsaremoreemotionallyattuned(音感好的)tomusicthanpeoplethink",saysCharlesSnowdon,ananimalbehaviourexpertattheUniversityofWisconsin.

Musicissometimesusedasenrichmentforanimalsandothercaptiveanimals.AndSnowballthedancingcockatoo(凤头鹦鹉)likestodancetotheBackstreetBoys.Butwhetherthesecreatureshaveatrueemotionalresponsetothetunesisunclear.That'swhatthenewstudyaimedtodo—butwithpigs.CoauthorMariaCamilaCeballos,ananimalwelfarescientist,saysshechosetheseanimalsbecausetheyareintelligentandsocial,andfaceseriouswelfarechallengesonfactoryfarms.

Theresearcherscomposedmusicthatwereeitherconsonantordissonant.Tohumans,consonantmusicgenerallysoundspleasantwhereasdissonancetendstosounduncomfortable.Theteamthenfilmedsixlittersofyoungpigslisteningtothemusic,whichwasplayedinarandomorderwithabreakinbetween.

Theresearchersscoredthepigs'bodylanguageusinganapproachcalledQBA.Piecesofconsonantmusicwerelinkedtothepigsexperiencingpositiveemotions,whereasthedissonantmusicwaslinkedtonegativeemotions,theteamreportsthismonthinScientificReports."Sowefoundthat,yes,musicgeneratesdifferentemotions,"Ceballossays.

AnimalwelfarescientistJunBaofromauniversityinChinaisskepticalaboutwhetherCeballos'steamdetectedemotions,however.Herecentlyfoundthatexposuretomusicincreasesplayandtailwagginginpigs,whichheseesassignsofa"positivemood".However,hesaysit'snotclearthatpigslabeledas"happy"or"uneasy"throughQBAactuallyexperiencethoseemotions.

Ceballoshopesthestudywillhelpresearcherscreatewelfare-improvingmusic,tailor-madetoaspecificspecies.Baoalsoagrees,adding"It'sreallyinteresting,becauseifitworks,itwouldbethehandiestandcheapestwaytoenrichtheirenvironment."

8．Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout

A．Pigs'welfareonfarms.B．Pigs'reactiontotunes.

C．Pigs'dailybehaviours.D．Pigs'potentialdiseases.

9．WhyarepigschosenasCeballos'sobjectsofstudy

A．Theyareeasytoregulate.B．Theyprefertolivealone.

C．Theyenjoyterrificwelfare.D．Theyowngoodintelligence.

10．FromwhichaspectisJunBaodoubtfulaboutCeballos'sresearch

A．Thedurationoftheiron-siteobservation.

B．Theaccuracyofjudgementonpigs'emotion.

C．Theselectionofmusicpigsareexposedto.

D．Theappropriatenessofthetestingapproach.

11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A．Pigs'EmotionCanBeTunedbyMusic

B．HighPorkProductionIsontheWay

C．Pigs'IntelligenceCan'tBeOverlooked

D．TheWaytoEasePigs'StressIsFound

【答案】8．B

9．D

10．B

11．A

【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于音乐与猪的情绪反应之间的关系的科学研究，结果显示音乐可以在猪的身上引发不同的反应。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。

8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"AccordingtoarecentstudyinScience,pigsareprovidingconvincingnewevidencethatanimalsmayrespondemotionallytomusic."根据《科学》杂志最近的一项研究，猪提供了令人信服的新证据，证明动物可能对音乐有情感上的反应。可知，该研究证实了猪可能会对音乐有情绪反应，项目围绕猪对音乐的反应展开。故选B。

9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"CoauthorMariaCamilaCeballos,ananimalwelfarescientist,saysshechosetheseanimalsbecausetheyareintelligentandsocial,andfaceseriouswelfarechallengesonfactoryfarms."共同动物福利科学家MariaCamilaCeballos说，她选择这些动物是因为它们聪明、群居，在工厂化农场面临着严重的福利挑战。可知，Ceballos团队选择猪作为研究对象的原因之一是它们的智力比较好。故选D。

10．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"However,hesaysit'snotclearthatpigslabeledas‘happy'or‘uneasy'throughQBAactuallyexperiencethoseemotions."然而，他说，目前还不清楚通过QBA标记为"快乐"或"不安"的猪是否真的会体验到这些情绪。可知，JunBao对Ceballos的标记结果能否真实反应猪感受到的情绪存疑，即他质疑该研究判断猪的情绪反应的准确性。故选B。

11．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了关于猪对音乐的情绪反应的相关性研究，结果显示音乐可以在猪的身上引发不同的反应。"猪的情绪可以通过音乐来调节"符合文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选A。

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）阅读理解

ArchanChanrecallsherfirstexperienceworkinginaChineserestaurantmorethan14yearsago.Employedasanapprentice(学徒)chef,shewasoneofjusttwowomeninthekitchen—theother'sonlyjobwastobeateggs."Shewasunbelievablyfastatbeatingeggs.IguessforawomantosurviveinatraditionalChinesekitchenbackthen,youhadtobethebestinsomething,"shesays.

Today,ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLeeFook,oneofHongKong'smostpopularrestaurants.AfterspendingmorethanadecadeworkinginfinediningrestaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore,sheisoneofafewfemalechefswhohaverisentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant.That'sanimpressiveachievement,givenhowunbelievablychallengingithasbeenforwomentoshowinhigh-endChinesekitchens.

Femalechefshavelongbeenaminorityinprofessionalkitchensaroundtheworld.ButthesituationisevensevererinChinesekitchens.There'snodenyingtheworkisphysicallydemanding—anemptypotweighsabout2.2kilograms.Inthepast,fewchefswouldriskemployingafemaletraineeintothattoughenvironment.

Givenallofthesebarriers,notmanywomenwouldevenconsiderthismale-dominatedindustryasanattractivecareerpath.Thankfully,therearesignsofashiftinmindset—thenumberoffemaleChineseheadchefshasbeenrisinginrecentyears.

"Evenifit'sakitchenalmostfullofmen,alleveryonecaresaboutisfood—thecooking.Theydon'tcareifyou'reamaleorfemale.Gendershouldn'tmatter,"Chansays.

"Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthinkthementalbarriermaybemoreofabarriertotheincreaseofwomeninChinesekitchens,"Chanadds."Itisn'tjustabouthowmuchyouwantitbuthowmuchhardworkyou'rewillingtoputintoit.Therearedayswhenyoufeellikeyourarmsarefallingapartandyoucan'tmovethemanymore,butthenextday,you'restrongerandmaybeabletoworkaheavierwork."

12．WhatcanwelearnaboutArchanChan

A．Shegotarapidpromotion.

B．Shedoesbestinbeatingeggs.

C．SheisthebestfemalechefinChina.

D．Shemadeagreatachievementinhercareer.

13．What'sacauseofveryfewfemalechefsinprofessionalkitchens

A．Kitchenisatoughplaceforwomen.

B．Womenareafraidofphysicalwork.

C．Customerscareaboutthegenderofthechef.

D．Womenfacebothmentalandphysicalbarriers.

14．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeArchanChan

A．Strong-willed.B．Open-minded.C．Cool-headed.D．Kind-hearted.

15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A．Femalechefshaverisentothetop.

B．Femalechefshavelongbeenaminority.

C．Femalechefsareprovingdoubterswrong.

D．Femalechefsarereplacingmalechefsgradually.

【答案】12．D

13．D

14．A

15．C

【知识点】推理判断题；人物传记类；记叙文；文章大意

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在女性当厨师要面临着身体上和精神上的两重障碍时，陈用自身经历证明了女性也可以当厨师。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Today,ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLeeFook,oneofHongKong'smostpopularrestaurants.AfterspendingmorethanadecadeworkinginfinediningrestaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore,sheisoneofafewfemalechefswhohaverisentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant."如今，陈领导着香港最受欢迎的餐厅之一——HoLeeFook的厨房。在澳大利亚和新加坡的高级餐厅工作了十多年后，她是少数几位升到高端中餐厅高层的女厨师之一。可知，陈在她的事业生涯上取得了傲人成就。故选D。

13．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthinkthementalbarriermaybemoreobstructive(阻碍的)totheincreaseofwomeninChinesekitchens,'Chanadds.""是的，存在着身体障碍，但我认为精神障碍可能对中国厨房中女性人数的增加更具阻碍作用，"陈补充道可知，女性要当厨师，面临着身体上和精神上的两重障碍。故选D。

14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Chanadds.‘Itisn'tjustabouthowmuchyouwantitbuthowmuchhardworkyou'rewillingtoputintoit.Therearedayswhenyoufeellikeyourarmsarefallingapartandyoucan'tmovethemanymore,butthenextday,you'restrongerandmaybeabletoworkaheavierwork.'"陈补充道。"这不仅仅是你有多想要，而是你愿意付出多少努力。有时候你会觉得手臂要散架了，再也动不了了，但是第二天，你就变得更强壮了，可以做更重的工作了。"可知，陈累得手臂要散架了，再也动不了了，但是仍然在坚持。可知她意志坚定。故选A。

15．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"‘Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthinkthementalbarriermaybemoreobstructive（阻碍的）totheincreaseofwomeninChinesekitchens,'Chanadds.""是的，存在着身体障碍，但我认为精神障碍可能对中国厨房中女性人数的增加更具阻碍作用，"陈补充道；以及第二段中的"Today,ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLeeFook,oneofHongKong'smostpopularrestaurants.AfterspendingmorethanadecadeworkinginfinediningrestaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore,sheisoneofafewfemalechefswhohaverisentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant."如今，陈领导着香港最受欢迎的餐厅之一——HoLeeFook的厨房。在澳大利亚和新加坡的高级餐厅工作了十多年后，她是少数几位升到高端中餐厅高层的女厨师之一。可知，虽然女性当厨师，面临着重重障碍和怀疑，但是陈本身就是一个很好的例子，证明女性也可以当厨师。故选C。

二、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Theteenageyearsareprobablythemostunsettledandstressfulyearsinaperson'slife.Teensexperiencesignificantphysical,emotional,socialandcognitivechanges.Andteensoftodayfacemorechallengesastheygothroughmoreuncertaintimesofthe21stcentury.16．

Asteensexperiencemassivephysical,socialandemotionalchanges,thechallengesaremanagingsocialexpectationsofidealbodyimages,developingtheiridentityandfindingtheirplaceintheworld.Inthepast,ateenwhowascriticizedforhisorherlargerfigureorpimpled(有粉刺的)face,mightfeelembarrassedanddejectedinschool.17．Constantcomparisonandendlesspostsofpicture—perfectimagesandlivesgiveteensgreaterpressuretofollowcurrentfashiontrends.TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatInstagrammadebodyimagesworseforoneinthreeteenagegirls.

18．StatisticsshowthatmostcasesofcyberbullyingtakeplaceonpopularsocialmediasitessuchasFacebook,Instagram,SnapchatsandTwitter,wherecyberbulliesmakeemotionallyscarringcomments.Thesecanbemadepubliclyonateen'ssocialmediaaccount.19．Asaresult,cyberbullyingcanbemorethreateningthantraditionalbullyingbecauseitcanbesharedandviewedrepeatedlyonsocialmedia.Inthisageofsocialmedia,itisalsoimportantforteenstolearntocultivatepositive,andhealthyrelationshipswithpeople.

Therehavebeenmanydiscussionsaboutnewtechnologiesandwaysofworking,suchasartificialintelligence(AI)andautomation,whichwillimpactfuturejobs.20．.Unlikeinthepast,thesituationisdifferenttodayasAIandautomationarecausingsomejobstodisappear.Teenswillhavetomeetthischallengebyadoptinganattitudeoflifelonglearning,andkeepingpaceswithtechnology.

A.Theycanalsobespreadquicklybysharingwithothers.

B.Furthermore,socialmediahastakenbullyingtoanewlevel.

C.Thefuturehasalwaysbeenadreamlandforteenstoanticipate.

D.Today,thesesamesufferingscanbeexpandedbysocialmedia.

E.Socialmedia,andtechnologicaladvancesareposingnewchallenges.

F.Additionally,socialmediaisastrongtoolforateentodefendhimself.

G.Thechallengeforateentodayispreparingforalargelyunknownfuture.

【答案】16．E；17．D；18．B；19．A；20．G

【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年时期可能是一个人一生中最不安、压力最大的时期。青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

16．根据空前"Teensexperiencesignificantphysical,emotional,socialandcognitivechanges.Andteensoftodayfacemorechallengesastheygothroughmoreuncertaintimesofthe21stcentury."青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期；以及空后"Constantcomparisonandendlesspostsofpicture—perfectimagesandlivesgiveteensgreaterpressuretofollowcurrentfashiontrends."不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流；和"StatisticsshowthatmostcasesofcyberbullyingtakeplaceonpopularsocialmediasitessuchasFacebook,Instagram,SnapchatsandTwitter,wherecyberbulliesmakeemotionallyscarringcomments."统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论。可知，E.Socialmedia,andtechnologicaladvancesareposingnewchallenges."社交媒体和技术进步带来了新的挑战"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。

17．根据空前"Inthepast,ateenwhowascriticizedforhisorherlargerfigureorpimpled(有粉刺的)face,mightfeelembarrassedanddejectedinschool."在过去，一个青少年如果因为他或她的身材大或脸上有粉刺而被批评，在学校里可能会感到尴尬和沮丧。可知，此处讲述过去青少年在学校遇到的挑战；以及空后"Constantcomparisonandendlesspostsofpicture—perfectimagesandlivesgiveteensgreaterpressuretofollowcurrentfashiontrends."不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流。可知。D.Today,thesesamesufferingscanbeexpandedbysocialmedia."今天，同样的痛苦可以通过社交媒体扩大"能够衔接上文，形成今昔对比，同时引起下文，符合语境，故选D。

18．根据空前"Constantcomparisonandendlesspostsofpicture-perfectimagesandlivesgiveteensgreaterpressuretofollowcurrentfashiontrends.TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatInstagrammadebodyimagesworseforoneinthreeteenagegirls."不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流。《华尔街日报》报道称，Instagram让三分之一的少女的身体形象变得更糟。可知，社交媒体给青少年带来很大的压力；以及空后"StatisticsshowthatmostcasesofcyberbullyingtakeplaceonpopularsocialmediasitessuchasFacebook,Instagram,SnapchatsandTwitter,wherecyberbulliesmakeemotionallyscarringcomments."统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论。可知，B.Furthermore,socialmediahastakenbullyingtoanewlevel."此外，社交媒体将欺凌行为推向了一个新的高度"承上启下，继续讲述社交媒体带来的负面影响，同时引出欺凌行为的话题，符合语境。故选B。

19．根据空前"StatisticsshowthatmostcasesofcyberbullyingtakeplaceonpopularsocialmediasitessuchasFacebook,Instagram,SnapchatsandTwitter,wherecyberbulliesmakeemotionallyscarringcomments.Thesecanbemadepubliclyonateen'ssocialmediaaccount."统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感创伤评论。这些可以在青少年的社交媒体账户上公开发布。可知，网络欺凌者在社交媒体账户上公开发布情感创伤评论。A.Theycanalsobespreadquicklybysharingwithothers."它们也可以通过与他人分享而迅速传播"衔接上文，符合语境。故选A。

20．根据空前"Therehavebeenmanydiscussionsaboutnewtechnologiesandwaysofworking,suchasartificialintelligence(AI)andautomation,whichwillimpactfuturejobs."关于新技术和工作方式的讨论很多，比如人工智能(AI)和自动化，这将影响未来的工作。可知，此处指出新技术和工作方式将影响未来的工作；以及空后"Unlikeinthepast,thesituationisdifferenttodayasAIandautomationarecausingsomejobstodisappear.Teenswillhavetomeetthischallengebyadoptinganattitudeoflifelonglearning,andkeepingpaceswithtechnology."与过去不同，随着人工智能和自动化导致一些工作岗位消失，今天的情况有所不同。青少年必须采取终身学习的态度，跟上科技的步伐，以迎接这一挑战。可知，此处提出了青少年应该怎样迎接新挑战。G.Thechallengeforateentodayispreparingforalargelyunknownfuture."当今青少年面临的挑战是为一个基本上未知的未来做准备"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。

三、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

（2023高二下·绵阳期末）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

WhenDeirdreTaylorwaspreparingtoleaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork,shemadesureto21．apossessionthatshekeptforoverthirty,22．:afrontnewspaperarticle.

Thisarticle23．Taylor'srescuefromaburningNewYorkCityapartmentbya24．in1983.Shewasonlyfourthen.ThepictureonthefrontarticleshowsayoungTaylorwiththemanwho25．her,EugenePugliese.

"IalwaysknewIcame26．tolosingmylifethatday,"TaylortoldCNN."Icouldhaveasecondchanceatlife27．him."

Today,Taylor,41,isanemergencyroom28．withahappyfamily.Eversincetheincident,shewonderedwhat29．thefirefighterwhosavedher,comingupemptywhenshe30．himonline.31．tospendtwomonthshelpinginthe32．againstCovid-19atNYULangoneHospital,Taylorsawthisasa(n)33．tofindhim.

Duringoneofhershifts(轮班),Taylorgavean34．ofherexperiencetoafirefighterher.HecalledthecurrentcaptainofNewYorkCityFireDepartment(FDNY)inManhattan,who35．knewwhomTaylorwaslookingfor.

TaylorgavePugliesea(n)36．rightafterhershiftandwasveryhappytohearhisvoiceontheotherend."Iwonderedabouthimon9/11andhopedIwouldgetthechancetothankhim,andIfinally37．,"saidTaylor.

Now76yearsold,Pugliesewas38．whenhegotthecallfromTayloronFriday.

"Wejustsattherecryingonthe39．,"PugliesetoldCNN,"40．thathe'shadthesamearticleframedonhiswallfor37yearsnow."

21．A．chooseB．packC．sendD．mail

22．A．daysB．weeksC．monthsD．years

23．A．readB．reportedC．remindedD．discovered

24．A．doctorB．pedestrianC．firefighterD．relative

25．A．savedB．sawC．treatedD．fed

26．A．trueB．aloneC．closeD．alive

27．A．astoB．accordingtoC．relatedtoD．thanksto

28．A．patientB．cleanerC．volunteerD．nurse

29．A．cametoB．happenedtoC．relatedtoD．belongedto

30．A．tookforB．brokedownC．searchedforD．lookedup

31．A．FrightfulB．AfraidC．DesperateD．Ready

32．A．playB．competitionC．fightD．argument

33．A．ambitionB．challengeC．opportunityD．welfare

34．A．lessonB．dutyC．viewD．account

35．A．neverB．exactlyC．hardlyD．gradually

36．A．callB．messageC．addressD．letter

37．A．failedB．didC．escapedD．hesitated

38．A．thrilledB．scaredC．depressedD．relaxed

39．A．groundB．InternetC．TVD．phone

40．A．realizingB．explainingC．addingD．recalling

【答案】21．B；22．D；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．D；29．B；30．C；31．D；32．C；33．C；34．D；35．B；36．A；37．B；38．A；39．D；40．C

【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了DeirdreTaylor在去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒时，找到了当年救她的消防员Pugliese的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

21．句意：当DeirdreTaylor准备离开她在弗吉尼亚州的家去纽约抗击Covid-19时，她一定要带上一件她保存了30多年的东西：一篇头版文章。A.choose"选择"；B.pack"收拾行李，打包"；C.send"派送"；D.mail"邮寄"。根据空前"leaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork"和空后"possession"可知，DeirdreTaylor准备离开去纽约，所以她要收拾她的私人物品并打包带走。故选B。

22．句意：当DeirdreTaylor准备离开她在弗吉尼亚州的家去纽约抗击Covid-19时，她一定要带上一件她保存了30多年的东西：一篇头版文章。A.days"天"；B.weeks"星期"；C.months"月"；D.years"年"。根据下文"in1983"可知，DeirdreTaylor已经保存了30多年。故选D。

23．句意：这篇文章报道了，1983年Taylor被一名消防员从纽约一间正在着火的公寓中救出。A.read"读"；B.reported"报道"；C.reminded"提醒"；D.discovered"发现"。根据上文"afrontnewspaperarticle."可知，这是一篇头版头条，所以是报道出来。故选B。

24．句意：这篇文章报道了，1983年Taylor被一名消防员从纽约一间正在着火的公寓中救出。A.doctor"医生"；B.pedestrian"路人"；C.firefighter"消防员"；D.relative"亲戚"。根据下文"firefighter"可知，DeirdreTaylor是被一名消防员所救。故选C。

25．句意：在报纸头版新闻中的照片是年轻的Taylor和救她的消防员EugenePugliese。A.saved"挽救"；B.saw"看见"；C.treated"对待"；D.fed"喂养"。根据下文"Icouldhaveasecondchanceatlife7him"可知，DeirdreTaylor有了第二次生命，所以是EugenePugliese救了DeirdreTaylor。故选A。

26．句意：Taylor对CNN声称：我一直都知道那天我差点失去生命。A.true"真实的"；B.alone"独自的"；C.close"接近的"；D.alive"活着的"。根据空后"tolosingmylifethatday"和"Icouldhaveasecondchance"可知，此处表示"我一直都知道那天我差点失去生命"，comeclosetodoing固定短语，"差点儿就……"。故选C。

27．句意：多亏了他，我才有了第二次生命的机会。A.asto"关于"；B.accordingto"根据"；C.relatedto"和……有关"；D.thanksto"多亏了"。根据空前"Icouldhaveasecondchance"可知，句子表示"多亏了他，我才有了第二次生命的机会"。故选D。

28．句意：现在，Taylor已经41岁，是一名急诊室护士，并且有一个幸福的家庭。A.patient"病人"；B.cleaner"清洁工"；C.volunteer"志愿者"；D.nurse"护士"。根据上文"tofightCovid-19inNewYork,"可知，DeirdreTaylor要去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒，所以推测DeirdreTaylor可能是一名医护工，故选D。

29．句意：自从那时事故，她一直想知道那位救她的消防员怎么样，她上网搜索他的时候，没有任何信息。A.cameto"苏醒"；B.happenedto"发生在……身上"；C.relatedto"与……相关"；D.belongedto"属于"。根据空前"shewonderedwhat"和空后"thefirefighterwhosavedher"可知，Taylor想知道EugenePugliese身上到底发生了什么事情。故选B。

30．句意：自从那时事故，她一直想知道那位救她的消防员怎么样，她上网