EnglishParagraphWriting-英语段落写作汇总课件

EnglishParagraphWritingEnglishParagraphWriting1Whatisaparagraph?Itisapartofalargerpieceofwritingcomposition.Aparagraphisaunitofthought.Itmustbeaboutonesingletopic.Eachsentenceshouldbelogicallyandstructurallyjoinedtotheonebeforeit.Aparagraphmustbeadequately充分地developed.Whatisaparagraph?Itisap2ParagraphStructure段落结构TopicSentence(Beginning)主题句Supportingideas/sentences支撑句[Concludingsentence]结论句ParagraphStructure段落结构Topic3Findoutthetopicsentence,supportingsentencesandtheconcludingsentenceofthefollowingparagraph.Musicaffectsusinmanyways.Itcanaffectusphysiologically.Excitingmusiccanincreaseourheartrate,ourbreathing,andourbloodpressure.Calmingmusiccanrelaxourmusclesandevenlowerourskintemperature.Musiccanaffectusphysicallytoo.Everyonehasfoundthemselvestappingtheirfeetorwantingtogetupanddancetotheirfavoritesong.Musiccandefinitelyaffectourmoodandemotions.Musicisslowandquietmakesusfeelrelaxedandlessstressed,andstimulatingmusiccanenergizeusandmakeusfeelplayfulandalive.Findoutthetopicsentence,s4Findoutthetopicsentence,supportingsentencesandtheconcludingsentenceofthefollowingparagraph.Musicaffectsusinmanyways.

Itcanaffectusphysiologically.Excitingmusiccanincreaseourheartrate,ourbreathing,andourbloodpressure.Calmingmusiccanrelaxourmusclesandevenlowerourskintemperature.Musiccanaffectusphysicallytoo.Everyonehasfoundthemselvestappingtheirfeetorwantingtogetupanddancetotheirfavoritesong.Musiccandefinitelyaffectourmoodandemotions.Musicisslowandquietmakesusfeelrelaxedandlessstressed,andstimulatingmusiccanenergizeusandmakeusfeelplayfulandalive.Findoutthetopicsentence,s5Topicsentence主题句atthebeginning:mostlyattheend:sometimesinthemiddle：rarelyTopicsentence主题句atthebegi6Pleasewriteatopicsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.Somesportsmenusemusictohelpthemtrainandperformbetter.Peoplelistentomusictopassthetimewhiledrivingthroughtraffic.Couplesmightusemusictocreatearomanticevening.Somebusinessesevenusemusictoincreaseproductivityandefficiency.Pleasewriteatopicsentence7Pleasewriteatopicsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.We/Peopleoftenusemusictodocertainthings.Somesportsmenusemusictohelpthemtrainandperformbetter.Peoplelistentomusictopassthetimewhiledrivingthroughtraffic.Couplesmightusemusictocreatearomanticevening.Somebusinessesevenusemusictoincreaseproductivityandefficiency.Pleasewriteatopicsentence8Atopicsentenceshouldbeacompletesentence.(subject+Verb)

controlallthesupportingideas.beclearandconcise.

nottoogeneral,andnottoospecific.Atopicsentenceshouldbeac9Musicaffectsusinmanyways.

Itcanaffectusphysiologically.Excitingmusiccanincreaseourheartrate,ourbreathing,andourbloodpressure.Calmingmusiccanrelaxourmusclesandevenlowerourskintemperature.Musiccanaffectusphysicallytoo.Everyonehasfoundthemselvestappingtheirfeetorwantingtogetupanddancetotheirfavoritesong.Musiccandefinitelyaffectourmoodandemotions.Musicisslowandquietmakesusfeelrelaxedandlessstressed,andstimulatingmusiccanenergizeusandmakeusfeelplayfulandalive.Musicaffectsusinmanyways.10TooGeneralMusicisgoodforus.Itcanaffectusphysiologically.Excitingmusiccanincreaseourheartrate,ourbreathing,andourbloodpressure.Calmingmusiccanrelaxourmusclesandevenlowerourskintemperature.Musiccanaffectusphysicallytoo.Everyonehasfoundthemselvestappingtheirfeetorwantingtogetupanddancetotheirfavoritesong.Musiccandefinitelyaffectourmoodandemotions.Musicisslowandquietmakesusfeelrelaxedandlessstressed,andstimulatingmusiccanenergizeusandmakeusfeelplayfulandalive.TooGeneralMusicisgoodforu11TooSpecificMusicaffectsusphysiologically,physically,andemotionally.Excitingmusiccanincreaseourheartrate,ourbreathing,andourbloodpressure.Calmingmusiccanrelaxourmusclesandevenlowerourskintemperature.Everyonehasfoundthemselvestappingtheirfeetorwantingtogetupanddancetotheirfavoritesong.Musicisslowandquietmakesusfeelrelaxedandlessstressed,andstimulatingmusiccanenergizeusandmakeusfeelplayfulandalive.TooSpecificMusicaffectsusp12SupportingSentencesSupportingSentences13Supportingsentencesshould

describe,explain,andprovethetopicsentence.beclosetothetopicsentence.supportthetopicsentence.beclosetoeachother.belogical.Supportingsentencesshouldde14Direction:decidewhichisthetopicsentenceoftheparagraphfirst.Then,arrangethesupportingsentencesinlogicalorder.

a.Lateron,peoplebegantowriteonpiecesofleather,whichwererolledintoscrolls.b.Intheearliesttimes,peoplecarved(carve:雕刻)orpaintedmessagesonrocks.c.IntheMiddleAges,heavypapercalledparchment（羊皮纸）wasusedforwriting;bookswerelaboriously（艰苦地，费力地）copiedbyhand.d.Withtheinventionoftheprintingpress（印刷机）inthemiddleofthefifteenthcentury,themodernprintingindustrywasborn.e.Someformsofwrittencommunicationhavebeenusedthroughoutthecenturies.Direction:decidewhichisthe15Someformsofwrittencommunicationhavebeenusedthroughoutthecenturies.

Intheearliesttimes,peoplecarvedorpaintedmessagesonrocks.Lateron,peoplebegantowriteonpiecesofleather,whichwererolledintoscrolls.IntheMiddleAges,heavypapercalledparchmentwasusedforwriting;bookswerelaboriouslycopiedbyhand.Withtheinventionoftheprintingpressinthemiddleofthefifteenthcentury,themodernprintingindustrywasborn.Someformsofwrittencommunic16Readthefollowingparagraphcarefully.Thenunderlinethecontrollingideaandcrossoutthesentencesthatdonothelptodevelopthecontrollingidea.

Oncepeoplewereverymuchafraidofghosts鬼.Theirfearledthemtodevelopelaborate精细的rituals典礼towardoff避开encounters遭遇withthedead.Forexample,sinceprimitive原始的peoplebelievedthatghostscouldcapturetheirspiritatfunerals葬礼,theycarriedwoodenimagesofthemselvesinthehopethattheghostswouldbefooledintocarryingofftheimages.Imageshavebeenpopularwithpeoplefromprimitivetimesuntiltoday.Oncepeoplebelievedthattakingapictureofsomeonewouldrobthepersonofhisorhersoul灵魂.Itispossible,too,thatthetraditionofsittingupwiththedeadcomesfromabeliefthatghostsescapeinthenight.Certainlytheritualoflayingtombstones墓碑isderivedfromasuperstition迷信aboutthedead.Peopleoncebelievedthatstonespiledontopofagravewouldkeepthedeadperson’sghostfromescapingandhaunting（haunt:鬼神出没）theliving.Eventuallythenumberofstonesdiminished减少untilonlyonestone,thetombstone,wasleftasareminder提醒oftheancientsuperstition迷信.Readthefollowingparagraphc17Readthefollowingparagraphcarefully.Thenunderlinethecontrollingideaandcrossoutthesentencesthatdonothelptodevelopthecontrollingidea.

Oncepeoplewereverymuchafraidofghosts鬼.Theirfearledthemtodevelopelaborate精细的rituals典礼towardoff避开encounters遭遇withthedead.Forexample,sinceprimitive原始的peoplebelievedthatghostscouldcapturetheirspiritatfunerals葬礼,theycarriedwoodenimagesofthemselvesinthehopethattheghostswouldbefooledintocarryingofftheimages.Imageshavebeenpopularwithpeoplefromprimitivetimesuntiltoday.Oncepeoplebelievedthattakingapictureofsomeonewouldrobthepersonofhisorhersoul灵魂.Itispossible,too,

thatthetraditionofsittingupwiththedeadcomesfromabeliefthatghostsescapeinthenight.

Certainlytheritualoflayingtombstones墓碑isderivedfromasuperstition迷信aboutthedead.

Peopleoncebelievedthatstonespiledontopofagravewouldkeepthedeadperson’sghostfromescapingandhaunting（haunt:鬼神出没）theliving.Eventuallythenumberofstonesdiminished减少untilonlyonestone,thetombstone,wasleftasareminder提醒oftheancientsuperstition迷信.Readthefollowingparagraphc18PleasewritesomesupportingsentencesforthefollowingtopicsentenceTheNewYearisatimeforresolution.Pleasewritesomesupportings19Pleasewritesomesupportingsentencesforthefollowingtopicsentence

TheNewYearisatimeforresolution.Mentally,atleast,mostofuscouldcompileformidablelistsof'dos'and'don'ts'.Weresolvetogetupearliereachmorning,eatless,findmoretimetoplaywiththechildren,doathousandandonejobsaboutthehouse,benicetopeoplewedon'tlike,drivecarefully,andtakethedogforawalkeveryday.However,mostofusfailinoureffortsatself-improvementbecauseourschemesaretooambitiousandweneverhavetimetocarrythemout.Wealsomakethefundamentalerrorofannouncingourresolutionstoeverybodysothatwelookevenmorefoolishwhenweslipbackintoourbadoldways.Pleasewritesomesupportings20ConcludingSentenceConcludingSentence21ConcludingSentenceConcludes/summarizestheentireparagraph.inconclusion;insummary;inbrief;inshort;toconclude;tosumup;allinall…ConcludingSentenceConcludes/22Whichsentenceistheconcludingsentenceofthefollowingparagraph?

Thecafeteriafoodisterribleinourcampus.Firstofall,themashedpotatoescouldbeusedtomakeacollage大杂烩.Next,themeatmustbecutinsmallpiecesbecauseit’stootoughtochew.Finally,thevegetablesarecookedsolongyoucan’ttellthestringbeansfromthespinach.Inshort,ourschoolcafeteriaservesfoodthatisunfitforstudentconsumption.Whichsentenceistheconcludi23

Thecafeteriafoodisterribleinourcampus.

Firstofall,themashedpotatoescouldbeusedtomakeacollage大杂烩.Next,themeatmustbecutinsmallpiecesbecauseit’stootoughtochew.Finally,thevegetablesarecookedsolongyoucan’ttellthestringbeansfromthespinach.Inshort,ourschoolcafeteriaservesfoodthatisunfitforstudentconsumption.Thecafeteriafoodisterribl24Pleasewriteashortconcludingsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.

Cultureshockhasfourmainstages.

Inthefirststage,everythinginthehostculture东道国isexcitingandnew.Inthesecondstage,visitorsstartfeelingfrustrated失意的，受挫折的duetoproblems.Afterthisstageoffrustration,visitorsstarttorelaxandlaughmore.Inthefinalstage,thevisitorsstarttofeeladjusted（adjust调整，使适合）inthehostcountry.ConcludingSentence:??Pleasewriteashortconcludin25Pleasewriteashortconcludingsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.

Cultureshockhasfourmainstages.Inthefirststage,everythinginthehostcultureisexcitingandnew.Inthesecondstage,visitorsstartfeelingfrustratedduetoproblems.Afterthisstageoffrustration,visitorsstarttorelaxandlaughmore.Inthefinalstage,thevisitorsstarttofeeladjustedinthehostcountry.Followingtheinitial初步的adjustment调整periodoflivinginadifferentculture,comesatruesenseofbelonging,beingonewithhostculture.Pleasewriteashortconcludin26EnglishParagraphWriting--英语段落写作汇总课件27Pleasefindoutthetopicsentenceandsupportingideas，andconcludingsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.

Generallyspeaking,Englishisadifficultlanguageformetolearn.Forexample,vocabularyisaproblem.Sometimes,severalwordslike“thin”,“slender”,“skinny”,or“slim”havealmostthesamemeaning.Howcanyoutellwhichwordtouse?Pronunciationishardalso.Mytonguewillnotmakesoundssuchas“the”,“g”,and“k”.Furthermore,writingpresentsawholegroupofdifferentobstacles:grammar,wordorder,andspelling.TheseareonlysomeofthedifficultiesIhavewiththislanguage.

Pleasefindoutthetopicsent28

Generallyspeaking,Englishisadifficultlanguageformetolearn.

Forexample,vocabularyisaproblem.Sometimes,severalwordslike“thin”,“slender”,“skinny”,or“slim”havealmostthesamemeaning.Howcanyoutellwhichwordtouse?Pronunciationishardalso.Mytonguewillnotmakesoundssuchas“the”,“g”,and“k”.Furthermore,writingpresentsawholegroupofdifferentobstacles:grammar,wordorder,andspelling.TheseareonlysomeofthedifficultiesIhavewiththislanguage.

Pleasefindoutthetopicsentenceandsupportingideas，andconcludingsentenceforthefollowingparagraph.

Generallyspeaking,Englishi29Makethefollowinggroupsofsentencesinorderbyfirstchoosingoneasthetopicsentence.

a.Forexample,youdon’tneedmanyclothes.b.However,despitetheseadvantages,thosewhohavelivedinwarmclimatesandincoldclimatesoftenpreferacoldclimatebecauseitislessmonotonousandofferswintersports.c.Inaddition,youdon’thavetoshovelsnoworpayheatingbills.d.Livinginaplacewheretheweatherisalwayswarmhasitsadvantages.e.Youcanwearlightweight,inexpensive,andeasy-to-cleancottonclothingallyear.Makethefollowinggroupsofs30Makethefollowinggroupsofsentencesinorderbyfirstchoosingoneasthetopicsentence.

d.Livinginaplacewheretheweatherisalwayswarmhasitsadvantages.a.Forexample,youdon’tneedmanyclothes.e.Youcanwearlightweight,inexpensive,andeasy-to-cleancottonclothingallyear.c.Inaddition,youdon’thavetoshovelsnoworpayheatingbills.b.However,despitetheseadvantages,thosewhohavelivedinwarmclimatesandincoldclimatesoftenpreferacoldclimatebecauseitislessmonotonousandofferswintersports.Makethefollowinggroupsofs31Whichsentencedoesnotdevelopthecontrollingidea?Topicsentence:Ienjoyweekends.a.IcansleeplateonSaturdaymorning.b.MyfriendsandIcanvisitandrunaround.c.Icandoallkindsofshopping.d.SchoolassignmentsaredueonSunday.e.WeusuallygoforarideonSundayafternoons.Whichsentencedoesnotdevelo32Whichsentencedoesnotdevelopthecontrollingidea?Topicsentence:Ienjoyweekends.a.IcansleeplateonSaturdaymorning.b.MyfriendsandIcanvisitandrunaround.c.Icandoallkindsofshopping.

d.SchoolassignmentsaredueonSunday.e.WeusuallygoforarideonSundayafternoons.Whichsentencedoesnotdevelo33Whatmakesagoodparagraph?Whatmakesagoodparagraph?34EffectiveParagraphsAparagraphisaunitofthought;itisatonceaunitinitselfandpartofalargerwhole,thatis,theessay.Aparagraphislikeamini-essay;itshouldbeunified统一的,coherent连贯的andwelldeveloped.EffectiveParagraphsAparagrap35ParagraphUnityAparagraphisunifiedwhenallthesentencesintheparagrapharefocusedononecentralthoughtoronasingletopic.Whenyouwanttointroduceanewthoughtortopic,youshouldbeginanewparagraph.ParagraphUnityAparagraphis36ParagraphUnityUnityofaparagraphisconcernedwithitscontent.Ifallthesentencesintheparagraphleadtoonecentraltheme一个中心思想,theparagraphisunified.Thecentralthemeisusuallysummarizedinwhatiscalledthetopicsentence.Itoftenappearsatthebeginningoftheparagraph;however,itmayalsobefoundinthemiddleorattheendofaparagraph.ParagraphUnityUnityofapara37Myfather’sfaceisrough.Hiscomplexion面色isleathery像皮革的andwrinkled皱的.Therearelargepores毛孔intheskinthatcoverhisnoseandcheeks.Hisnose,brokentwiceinhislife,makeshimlooklikeaboxerwhohaslosttoomanyfights.Hismouth,unlesshesmiles,lookshardandthreatening.Hischinismassive厚重andangular尖角的.Shavedornot,myfather’sfaceisrugged.Myfatherisverystrictwithhischildren,especiallyme.hewon’tletmeoutofwork.Frankly,Idon’tcarewhetherIgotoschoolornot.Schoolissuchawasteoftime.Therearen’tanygoodjobs,anyway.Mymotherdoesn’tagreewithmyfather.Theyquarrelalot.SometimesIwishtheywouldgetadivorce,butthenwhowouldIlivewith?Myfather’sfaceisrough.H38

Myfather’sfaceisrough.Hiscomplexion面色isleathery像皮革的andwrinkled皱的.Therearelargepores毛孔intheskinthatcoverhisnoseandcheeks.Hisnose,brokentwiceinhislife,makeshimlooklikeaboxerwhohaslosttoomanyfights.Hismouth,unlesshesmiles,lookshardandthreatening.Hischinismassive厚重andangular尖角的.Shavedornot,myfather’sfaceisrugged.Myfatherisverystrictwithhischildren,especiallyme.hewon’tletmeoutofwork.Frankly,Idon’tcarewhetherIgotoschoolornot.Schoolissuchawasteoftime.Therearen’tanygoodjobs,anyway.Mymotherdoesn’tagreewithmyfather.Theyquarrelalot.SometimesIwishtheywouldgetadivorce,butthenwhowouldIlivewith?Myfather’sfaceisrough.H39Isthisparagraphunified?Ifnot,pleaserewriteitandmakeitunified.

Oneofthefirstproblemsthatstudentshaveislearningtouseacomputer.Allstudentswererequiredtobuyacomputerbeforeschoolstarted.Throughoutthefirstsemesterwetookaspecialcoursetoteachustouseacomputer.Mynotebookcomputerhasalargememoryandcandowordprocessingandspreadsheets.Ithasaharddriveandamodem.MyparentswerehappythatIhadacomputer,buttheywereconcernedabouttheprice.Tuitionwashigh,andwhentheyaddedinthepriceofthecomputer,itwasalmostoutofreach.Tooffset弥补expenses,Igotapart-timejobintheschoollibrary.NowIamdeterminedtoovercome“computeranxiety”andtomastermycomputerbytheendofthesemester.Isthisparagraphunified?If40Isthisparagraphunified?Ifnot,pleaserewriteitandmakeitunified.

Oneofthefirstproblemsthatstudentshaveislearningtouseacomputer.Allstudentswererequiredtobuyacomputerbeforeschoolstarted.Throughoutthefirstsemesterwetookaspecialcoursetoteachustouseacomputer.Mynotebookcomputerhasalargememoryandcandowordprocessingandspreadsheets.Ithasaharddriveandamodem.MyparentswerehappythatIhadacomputer,buttheywereconcernedabouttheprice.Tuitionwashigh,andwhentheyaddedinthepriceofthecomputer,itwasalmostoutofreach.Tooffset弥补expenses,Igotapart-timejobintheschoollibrary.NowIamdeterminedtoovercome“computeranxiety”andtomastermycomputerbytheendofthesemester.Isthisparagraphunified?If41OneofthefirstproblemsthatIhadasacollegestudentwaslearningtousemycomputer.Allfirst-yearstudentswererequiredtobuyacomputerbeforeschoolstarted.Throughoutthefirstsemester,wetookaspecialcoursetoteachustousethecomputer.Intheorythissystemsoundedfine,butinmycaseitwasdisaster.Inthefirstplace,theclosestIhadevercometoacomputerwasthehand-heldcalculatorIusedinmathclass.Inthesecondplace,Icouldnottype.Andtomakemattersworse,manyofthepeopleinmycomputerorientationcourse电脑入门课alreadyknewhowtooperateacomputer.BytheendofthefirstweekIwasconvinced确信thatIwouldneverbeabletoworkwithmycomputer.Oneofthefirstproblemsthat42Usethefollowingsentenceasbeginningtopicsentencetowriteashortbutunifiedparagraphs.

Youngpeoplefeeltheneedfortheirparentstotreatthemequally.

Usethefollowingsentenceas43EnglishParagraphWriting--英语段落写作汇总课件44ParagraphCoherenceParagraphCoherence45ParagraphCoherenceAparagraphiscoherentwhenitdevelopsnaturally自然地andsmoothly平稳地,andonesentenceleadslogicallytoanother.

ParagraphCoherenceAparagraph46CoherenceCoherenceofaparagraphisconcernedwithitsform,oritsorganization.

Thesentencesinaparagraphshouldbearrangedinaclear,logicalorder,andthetransitions过渡shouldbesmoothandnatural.Asaresult,thereaderfindsiteasytofollowthewriter’strainofthought思路andunderstandwhatheistalkingabout.CoherenceCoherenceofaparagr47ComparethefollowingtwoparagraphsRoybroughthisbasketball.Weplayedbasketball.Weplayedfortwohours.Wewerehot.Wewerethirsty.ConnieandRoy’smombroughtuslemonadeandsandwiches.Weatethemforlunch.Wehadalotoffun.Roybroughthisbasketballsowecouldplay.Weplayedfortwohours.Bythetimewefinishedplaying,wewerehotandthirsty.Luckily,ConnieandRoy’smomshowedupjustthenandbroughtuslemonadeandsandwichesforlunch.Wehadalotoffun.Comparethefollowingtwopara48Whatmakesacoherentparagraph?1.GoodTransitionsCoherencemaynotbeperfectevenifthewriterarrangeshissentencesinaclear,logicalorder.Hehastousegoodtransitionssothatonesentencerunssmoothlytoanother.Whatmakesacoherentparagrap49Togetthemostoutofhistextbooks,astudentshouldfollowseveralstepsverycarefully.First,heshouldmakeapreliminarysurveyofeachbooktogetageneralideaofwhatthebookcontains.Second,heshouldreadfordeeperunderstandingandformulatequestionsashereads.Next,heshouldmakenotesofthemajorpointsofeachchapter.Afterthat,heshouldtesthimselftobesurethathecananswerquestionslikelytoberaisedinclassandinexaminations.Finally,heshouldreviewhisnotesandrereadanypartsofthebookthatareuncleartohim.BecausetheClubTropicislocatedinaremoteplace,thiscausedmanyinconveniencesamongsomevacationers.Thequalityofthefoodwaspoor.Peoplewantedachoiceofentertainmentintheevening.Mostofusspenttoomuchtimetogetherdayafterday.Peopleexpectedtobeabletogooutforamealiftheyfeltlikeit.Togetthemostoutofhistex50Togetthemostoutofhistextbooks,astudentshouldfollowseveralstepsverycarefully.

First,heshouldmakeapreliminarysurvey预测ofeachbooktogetageneralideaofwhatthebookcontains.Second,heshouldreadfordeeperunderstandingandformulate明确表达questionsashereads.Next,heshouldmakenotesofthemajorpointsofeachchapter.Afterthat,heshouldtesthimselftobesurethathecananswerquestionslikelytoberaisedinclassandinexaminations.Finally,heshouldreviewhisnotesandrereadanypartsofthebookthatareuncleartohim.BecausetheClubTropicislocatedinaremoteplace,thiscausedmanyinconveniencesamongsomevacationers.Thequalityofthefoodwaspoor.Peoplewantedachoiceofentertainmentintheevening.Mostofusspenttoomuchtimetogetherdayafterday.Peopleexpectedtobeabletogooutforamealiftheyfeltlikeit.Togetthemostoutofhistex51Whatmakesacoherentparagraph?2.LogicalsentencesThesentencesinaparagraphmustbelogicallyrelatedtotheonebeforeandafterthem.Whatmakesacoherentparagrap52Thefollowingparagraphlackcoherence.Pleasechangetheorderofsentencestomakethemcoherent.

Ihadaterriblemorningtoday.Inthemiddleofaclass,IdiscoveredIhadleftmyphysicsassignmentsinmylocker.Itrippedover绊倒acurb路边onmywaytomypoliticalscienceclassandtoremyraincoat.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessorwouldnotletusgotolunchontime.IsleptsolatethatIdidnothavetimetoeatbreakfast.Ihadnotturnedinmyassignments,andhewantedtotalkoverthisproblemwithme.Thefollowingparagraphlackc53Thefollowingparagraphlackcoherence.Pleasechangetheorderofsentencestomakethemcoherent.

Ihadaterriblemorningtoday.IsleptsolatethatIdidnothavetimetoeatbreakfast.Itrippedover绊倒acurb路边onmywaytomypoliticalscienceclassandtoremyraincoat.Inthemiddleofaclass,IdiscoveredIhadleftmyphysicsassignmentsinmylocker.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessorwouldnotletusgotolunchontime.Ihadnotturnedinmyassignments,andhewantedtotalkoverthisproblemwithme.Thefollowingparagraphlackc543.Thefollowingwaysmayhelpthewritertoproduceafluentparagraph:a.Usingparallelstructure;b.Repeatingwordsorwordgroups;c.Usingpronounstorefertonounsinprecedingsentences;

Beingconsistentinthepersonandnumberofnounsandpronouns,andthetenseofverbs.Whatmakesacoherentparagraph?3.Thefollowingwaysmayhelp55Inthefollowingparagraph,notehowthewritermakesuseofallthesewaystoachievecoherence.

Americansarequeer奇怪的people:theycan’tplay.Americansrushtoworkassoonastheygrowup.Theywanttheirworkassoonastheywake.Itisastimulant刺激物–theonlyonetheyarenotafraidof.Theyusedtoopentheirofficesatteno’clock;thenatnine;thenateight;thenatseven.Nowtheynevershutthem.EverybusinessinAmericaisturningintoanopen-all-day-and-nightbusiness.Theyeatallnight,danceallnight,buildbuildingsallnight,makeanoiseallnight.Theycan’tplay.Theytryto,butcan’t.Theyturnfootballintoafight,baseballintoalawsuit,andyachtingintomachinery.Theycan’tplay.Thelittlechildrencan’tplay;theyusemechanicaltoysinstead–toycranes,hoistingtoyroads,toymachineryspreadingatoyindustrialdepressionofinfantiledullness.Thegrownuppeoplecan’tplay;theyuseamechanical机械的gymnasium健身房andaclockwork时钟机构horse.Theycan’tlaugh;theyhireacomedian喜剧演员andwatchhimlaugh.--StephenLeacock.Inthefollowingparagraph,no56Inthefollowingparagraph,notehowthewritermakesuseofallthesewaystoachievecoherence.

Americansarequeer奇怪的people:theycan’tplay.Americansrushtoworkassoonastheygrowup.Theywanttheirworkassoonastheywake.Itisastimulant刺激物–theonlyonetheyarenotafraidof.Theyusedtoopentheirofficesatteno’clock;thenatnine;thenateight;thenatseven.Nowtheynevershutthem.EverybusinessinAmericaisturningintoanopen-all-day-and-nightbusiness.They

eatallnight,danceallnight,buildbuildingsallnight,makeanoiseallnight.Theycan’tplay.Theytryto,butcan’t.Theyturnfootballintoafight,baseballintoalawsuit,andyachtingintomachinery.Theycan’tplay.Thelittlechildrencan’tplay;theyusemechanicaltoysinstead–to