(完整版)非谓语动词和从句的转换

#非谓语动词和从句的转换.不定式（短语）与从句的关系不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。.Tobeabletohelpyouisreallyanhonor.(=ThatI'mabletohelpyou).Heseemedtoknowtheway.(=ltseemedthatheknewtheway.).BushissaidtohavedecidedtoattackNorthKorea.(=ItissaidthatBushhasdecidedtoattackNorthKorea.)不定式(短语)在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句.Westilldon'tknowwhenandwheretobuildaschool』宾语)(=whenandwhereweshouldbuildaschool).Iadvisedhimtogoandseethedoctor.(宾补)(=thatheshouldgoandsee).Hethoughtitagreatpitynottohaveinvitedher..宾语)(=Thathehadn'tinvitedher.)3不定式(短语)在句中作表语•，相当于一个表语从句.Mysuggestionisforthemtoleaveassoonaspossible.(=thattheyshouldleave).Mychiefpurposehasbeenforthemtogetagoodunderstanding.(=thattheycangetagoodunderstanding)4.不定式(短语)在句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句.ThequestionwillbediscussedattheconferenceshortlytoopeninBeijing.(=thatisshortlytoopeninBeijing).Alldead,Iwastheonlyonetogrowup.(=thatgrewup)5•不定式(短语)在句中作目的.结果状语.，相当于一个目的.结果状语从句(1).Hecametotheareainorder/soastostudythefolkmusicthere.(=inorder/sothat)(2).Theladywassoexcitedasnottosayaword.(=soexcitedthatshecouldi't...)7•不定式(短语)在句中作原因状语.，相当于一个原因状语从句(1)ltrembledtothinkofbeingpunishedbytheboss.(=becauseIthoughofbeingpunishedbytheboss)(2).Weweredisappointedtohavelostthegame.(=thatwehavelostthegame)二.动名词(短语)与从句的关系动名词(短语)在句中作主语，相当于一个主语从句(1).Yourgoingaway(=Thatyouwentaway)madetheprofessorangry..Mary'snotbeingmademonitor(=ThatMarywasnotmademonitor)madeussad.被动的动名词在句中作主语时一般不能省.Beingcalledafool(=Thathewascalledafool)hurtBobbadly.动名词(短语)在句中作宾语或宾补语，相当于一个宾语从句.1rememberbeingtakentoBeijing(=thatIwastakentoBeijing)whenIwasfive..HeadmittedhavingmarriedMarytoasoldier(=thathehadmarriedMarytoasoldier).动名词(短语)在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(iLMydutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul(thatI'llservethepeopleheartandsoul)•・Theproblemishisnothavingpreparedhislessonsfortheexam(=thathehasn'tpreparedhislessonsfortheexam).ThedifficultyisMary'sbeingcaughtbetweenthetwotrees(=thatMaryiscaughtbetweenthetwotrees).介词＋动名词(短语)，相当于一个从句(宾语从句或同位语从句...0Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbyhismistake.(=thathewas・・・)・Hewasastonishedatherknowingyou.(=thatsheknewyou).Weheardthenewsofourteamhavingwon.(=thatourteamhadwon)三.分词(短语)与从句的关系分词(短语)作定语，相当于一个定语从句Thehospitalwasanoldbuildingbuiltin1931(=thatwasbuiltin1931).・Doyouknowthegirlstandingoverthere(=whoisstandingoverthere)?.Themanspeakingtoustheotherday(=whospoketoustheotherday)hasgonetoJapan・本节值得注意的问题：现在分词短语作定语时，所表示的动作不能先于谓语所表示的动作，也不可以表示将来。另外，一般不用现在分词的完成式作定语，所以，下列句子都是错的：HereisMr.LicomingfromBeijing.(应改为whohascomefromBeijing)Thosehavingfinishedtheirworkcangohomenow.应改为whohavefinished)ThemangivingusalecturelastweekleftforShenzhenthismorning.(应改为whogaveus)分词独立结构，相当于一个状语从句，其中伴随状语多与并列句转换Weatherpermitting(=Ifweatherpermits),we'llhavethematchtomorrow・.Thedarkcloudshavingdisappeared(=Whenthedarkcloudshaddisappeared),thesunshoneagain.但)・Themonitorbeingill(=Asthemonitorwasill)we'dbetterputthemetingoff..Otherthingsbeingequal(=Ifotherthingsareequal),I'dbuytheblackdress.Givenmoretime(=Ifweweregivenmoretime),wecouldhavedoneitbetter..Hecameback,hishandstiedtohisback(=andhishandsweretiedtohisback)・3•分词短语，相当于一个状语从句Onarriving(=AssoonasIarrive)there,I'lltelephoneyou.(时间)・(While)waiting(=WhileIwaswaiting)forthebus,Icaughtsightofher(时间)但)・Educated(=Ashewaseducated)bytheparty,hebecameagreatfighter.(原因)・Nothavingreceived(=BecauseIhadn'treceivedananswer,Iwrotetohimagain・(原因)・(If)given(=Ifwehadbeengiven)enoughtime,ecouldhavedoneitbetter.(条件).(Though)havingmade(=Thoughhehadmade)greatachievements,hedidn'tpride.让步)4.分词短语作状语，可表伴随，结果，相当于and的并列句，也可和with转换Hedied,leavinghisdaughtermuchmoney.()(=with),(=andleft).Theteacherenteredthelab,followedbyourstudents.(=andhewasfollowedbyourstudents=withusfollowinghim=andwefollowedhim)分词短语在句中作宾语或宾语补足语，相当于一个宾语从句Hefoundthewindowsbroken・(=Hefoundthatthewindowswerebroken・)・Ifeltmyheartbeatingfastatthenewsofbombexplosion・(=Ifeltthatmyheartwasbestingfastatthenewsofbombexplosion)四．特殊转换1.动名词复合结构相当于从句(1)Sophia'shavingseenthem(=ThatSophiahadseenthem)didn'tsurprisedus・.Ican'tbearhis(him)stayingupsolate(=thathestaysupsolate)..Weencouragestudents'livingintheschool(=thatstudentsliveintheschool)・・Whatwasdisappointingwasournotbeing