季课程外研版高一英语语法回顾冠词和形容词的正确使用教案

季课程外研版高一英语语法回顾冠词和形容词的正确使用教案第2页第3页2.When,while,as,(not)until,assoonas,before,since3.Where,wherever4.Because,as,since,nowthat5.If,aslongas,once,unlessⅡ.活用句型翻译下列句子1.我回来之前，你哪都别去。_________________________________________________.2.有水的地方就有生命。_________________________________________________.3.既然你有了这么好的机会，就要充分利用。___________________________________________________.4.如果明天下雨，我就在家呆着了第4页__________________________________________________.【答案】1.Don’tgoanywherebeforeIcomeback.2.Wherethereiswater,thereisalife..3.Sinceyou’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.4.Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.三、知识精要语法知识列表【语法点一】形容词副词的句法功能形容词作定语、表语、补语、状语【语法点二】形容词副词比较等级的用法倍数表达法【语法点三】定冠词零冠词使用需要使用定冠词the的几种类型不需要使用冠词的几种类型四、要点讲练【要点1】形容词的句法功能第5页1..用作表语Everyonewashappy.每个人都很高兴。HeisinterestedinwatchingTV.他对看电视感兴趣。2.用作定语Heisanhoneststudent.他是个诚实的学生。Theyoungmanisherboyfriend.这个小伙子是她的男朋友。3.用作宾语补足语Hepushedthedooropen.他把门推开了。Wefoundtheproblemverydifficult.我们发现这个问题很难。Theproblemwasfoundverydifficult.4.用作状语Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired.他回到家里，又饿又累。Iwenttherefullofjoy.我兴高采烈地去了那儿。Hesatinthecorner,silent.他坐在角落里，一言不发。【例题】Thenewsecretaryis______andthereforethemanagerissatisfiedwiththework.第6页A.effectiveB.D.efficientC.specificsufficient【解析】新秘书是一个很有能力的人，因此经理对他的工作很满意。Efficient意为“有能力的，效率高的”故选B。【答案】B【即学即用】1.用live的正确形式填空①Hisparentsarestill______thoughtheyarebadlyill.②Tomorrowwewillwatcha_______footballmatchtogether.【答案】①alive②live【知识拓展】现场直播的live活着的（用作表语或后置定语）alive第7页活泼的lively【要点2】副词的句法功能1.作状语，Igotoschoolveryearlyeveryday.2.作定语Thepeoplehereareveryfriendly.3.作表语Classisover.4.作宾语补足语Pleaseletmein.【例题】Theshoesare_______smallforme.A.MuchtoomuchB.TooD.TooC.Manytoomany【解析】Toomuch意为“太多”，muchtoo意为“很，非常”因此选A【答案】A【即学即用】用hard的正确形式填空①Hissisterworksvery______tomakemoreprogress.第8页②He_______becomesapilotduetohispooreyesight.【答案】①hard②hardly【知识拓展】Hard副词意思“努力”，形容词意为“困难的，硬的”副词，意为“几乎不”hardhardly【要点3】倍数表达法1.倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其他。这种结构又常演变成下列两类：①倍数+as+many+可数名词复数+as；②倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as。如：ThereareseventimesasmanypeopleasIexpected.是我预料的人数的七倍。Thereisfivetimesasmuchcoffeeinthisglassasinthatone.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。2.倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+第9页其他。如：Thehallisfivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom.这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。3.倍数+thesize/height/length/width.etc.+of+其他。如：Thisroadissixtimesthelengthofthatone.这条路是那条路的六倍长。【例题】ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses________energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch【解析】根据表达法“倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as，energy为不可数名次，因此选D项【答案】D【即学即用】第10页他跑得比我快三倍。这条路是那条路的六倍长【答案】Herunsfasterthanmebythreetimes.Thisroadissixtimesthelengthofthatone.【知识拓展】常见的表示量度的名词：length，width，height，depth，weight【要点4】一.零冠词用法归纳1.用于复数名词前复数名词泛指某类人或物时,其前通常用零冠词.如：Studentsshouldobeytheschoolrules.学生应该遵守校规.2.用于不可数名词前不可数名词表示泛指时,其前通常用零冠词.如：Breadismadefromflour.面包是用面粉做的.3.用于专有名词前在通常情况下,专有名词前要用零冠词.如：第11页MrSmithisourEnglishteachesusEnglish.史密斯先生教我们英语.4.用于某些单数可数名词前单数可数名词前在某些特殊情况下用零冠词,如用作呼语时、表示家庭成员时、用于表示“变成”的连系动词turn,go之后作表语时、用于倒装的让步状语从句中时等.如：CanItellFatheraboutit?这事我可以告诉爸爸吗?5.用于抽象化的可数名词前有些可数名词抽象化后表示表示的活动,其前通常零冠词.如Jimhasgonetobed.吉姆已上床睡觉了.6.用于职务及头衔前当表示职务及头衔的名词用作表语、补足语及同位语时,其前通常用零冠词.如：WilsonbecamePresidentoftheU.S.A.威尔逊当了美国总统.第12页7.用于球类运动前Let’sgoandplaybasketball.我们去打篮球吧.8.其他用零冠词的场合按英语习惯,在表示学科、语言、三餐、月份、季节、节假日、星期等名词前,通常用零冠词.如：Weareallinterestedinphysics.我们大家都对物理感兴趣.Won’tyoustayandtakelunchwithus?留在这儿吃午饭好吗?8.用于某些固定结构中gotosea去当水手athome在家atnight在晚上atleast至少atmost至多atfirst首先atlast最后inbed在床上onfoot步行facetoface面对面二.定冠词用法归纳1.表示特指定冠词表示特指,既可特指上文提到过的人或事第13页物,也可特指谈话双方都清楚的人或事物,还可特指受后置定语或定语从句修饰的人或事物.如：ThereImetaforeignerandtheforeignerhelpedmeagreatdeal.在那儿我遇到一个老外,这个老外帮了我不少忙.2.表示类别(1)概括整个类属：定冠词与单数可数名词连用可以概括整个类属,有时还可以与某些形容词连用表示整个属.如：Thecomputerisagreatinvention.计算机是一项伟大的发明.(2)与某些形容词连用,表示一类人或一类事物.如：therich富人thepoor穷人thewealthy富人theold老人theaged老人theyoung年轻人thesick病人thebrave勇敢的人theweak弱者3.表示世上独一无二的事物第14页这里说的世上独一无二的事物主要指thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky,theuniverse,theworld,theatmosphere(大气层)等东西.如：4.连用序数词和最高级序数词和形容词最高级前通常要用定冠词,副词最高级前可用定冠词,也可不用.如：Itwasthebestresultthey’veeverhad.这是他们历来取得的最好成绩.5.用于某些专有名词前如用于河流、海洋、山川、海岛、海峡、沙漠等专有名词前,以及用于由普通名词构成(或含有普通名词)的专有名词如国名、地名、团体、机构、党派、报纸、杂志、事件、建筑物等前.如：theYellowRiver黄河theRedSea红海theIndianOcean印度洋theTaiwanStraits台湾海峡theSahara(Desert)撒哈拉大沙漠theUnitedStates美国第15页6.用于乐器名词前当乐器名词表示演奏时,其前通常要用定冠词.如：Shelikesplayingthepiano.她喜欢弹钢琴.Thesetwopianosareverycheap.这两架钢琴很便宜.7.用于姓氏的复数之前定冠词有时可用于表示姓氏的复数前,表示全家人或全家中两个或两个以上的人.如：NoneofushereliketheSmiths.我们这里没有人喜欢史密斯一家人.8.用于逢整十数词的复数前定冠词有时可用于逢整十的复数数词前,表示世纪中的年代.如：Hemovedtothesouthinthefifties.他于50年代搬到了南方.9.用在某些习惯用语中atthesametime同时bytheway顺便问一句第16页forthepresent暂时gotothecinema看电影intheend最后inthedark在黑暗中,不知道intheleast一点,丝毫intheopen在野外inthepast在过去inthelongrun从长远来看【例题】1._______sunrisesin_______east．2.Whatdoesthis_______wordmean，_______Father？【解析】1.第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体；第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。2.指示代词不能与定冠词连用。【答案】1.The；the。2.×；×【即学即用】1.Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．2._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．【答案】1.the；the。第一个the是特指美国的第17页首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。2.The；the，×。第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词；第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词；第三空“零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。【知识拓展】一、定冠词使用口诀：世界独一二次见,序语形容高级前.富人伤员按天算,方位乐器影剧院.群岛河山江湖海,沙漠海峡与海湾.阶级党派国家名,普专复合姓氏前.组织团体和机关,朝代、会议及报刊.双知年代击中脸,指特事物及习惯.二、零冠词的用法口诀月季星期节假洲,呼语头衔职务前,三餐球类惯用语,学科棋类名词前.※【链接高考】第18页①【2019The“ChineseDream”is______dreamtoimprovepeople福建】’swell-beingand______dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.A．A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the②[2019•安徽卷]Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme________aboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A．puzzledB．SensitiveC．optimisticD．embarrassed③[2019•浙江卷]Joeisproudand________，neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A．strictB．sympatheticC．stubbornD．sensitive【答案】①B考查冠词。根据句意，中国梦是一个…的第19页梦和一个…的梦，可知，两空都用不定冠词a，答案选B②C考查形容词词义辨析。根据goodperformance可知选optimistic。puzzled困惑的；sensitive敏感的；embarrassed尴尬的。句意：我在求职面试中的良好表现让我对我的未来以及我在这里能做什么持乐观的态度。故选C。③C考查形容词辨析。句意：乔不仅傲慢而且固执，他从不承认他的错，总是怪别人。stubborn意为“固执的，固执己见的”，符合语境。strict严格的；sympathetic富有同情心的；sensitive敏感的。故选C项。五、双基达标1.词汇练习1..Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodcomesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas______alive.A.steadilyB.instantlyC.formerlyD.permanently2.Listeningisthusanactive,nota______,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understanding第20页andremembering.A.considerateC.reliableB.sensitiveD.Passive3.LittleTomsat______watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.A.amazeamazedB.amazingC.D.toamaze4.Itwas________ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.A.carelessB.considerateC.patientD.generous5.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensiveC.consciousD.crucialB.complicated7..I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.A.specialB.superiorC.gratefulD.attractive第21页【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.B5.A6.C2.冠词填空Once______manwantedtogofromonesideof_____rovertotheotherin_____boat.Hehadtotakewithhim_____sheep,____wolfand____basketofvegetables.Buthecouldtakeonlyoneofthematime,beceuse____boatwasverysmall."IfIleave_____wolfandsheeptogether,_____wolfmayeat_____sheep."hesaidtohimself"IfIleave____sheepand_____vegetablestogether,_____sheeomayeat_____vegetables."Hethoughtandthought.Atlast,hehad______idea.Andhewasableto_____othersideof_____riverwith______sheep,_____wolfandthevegetables.Doyouknowhowhedidit?答案：Once___a___manwantedtogofromonesideof__a___rivertotheotherin__a___boat.Hehadtotakewithhim___a__sheep,__a__wolfand__a__basketofvegetables.Buthecouldtakeonlyoneof第22页thematime,beceuse_the___boatwasverysmall."IfIleave_the____wolfandsheeptogether,__the___wolfmayeat__the___sheep."hesaidtohimself"IfIleave_the___sheepand___the__vegetablestogether,__the___sheepmayeat___the__vegetables."Hethoughtandthought.Atlast,hehad___an___idea.Andhewasabletogoto___the__othersideof___the__riverwith____the__sheep,__the___wolfandthevegetables.Doyouknowhowhedidit?3.习文练笔[题目要求]假定你是一名高中生除了在学校学习英语之外还有什么其他途径练习英语.,一次一位外国朋友问你,请你根据提示用英语写出你参加“英语角”的情况.提示1:"英语角"于两年前成立,许多中学生参加,有时也有些大学生和外国友人来此.2:活动时第23页间：每周六下午.3:活动内容：练习英语口语,谈论大家共同感兴趣的事情,交流学习英语的经验等.4:谈你参加此活动的体会.[思路点拨]1．时态：主要为一般现在时和一般过去时；人称：一般用第一人称。2.所给提示要写全[词汇热身]①英语角______________②口语____________【答案】①Englishcorner②oral/spokenEnglish[句式温习]1．英语角成立于两年前。（被动语态）2．我得到了练习口语的【答案】1.Englishcornerwasfoundedtwoyearsago机会。2.Igettheopportunitiesto第24页practicemyoralEnglish[连句成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第25页________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】ApartfromlearningthecurriculumEnglishatschool,IalsoattendtheEnglishcornereverySaturdaymorning.ThisEnglishcornerwasfoundedtwoyearsagowithmanyhighschoolstudentstakingpart.Asuniversitystudentsandforeignerssometimescomehereaswell,ithasbecomeafantasticplaceforlearningEnglishinamoreefficientandpracticalway.Bycommunicatingwithcontemporariesand第26页expertsinEnglish,IgettheopportunitiestopracticemyoralEnglish,shareexperienceinlearningEnglish,andtalkingaboutthingswherewesharethesameinterest.BeingaregularparticipantintheEnglishcornernow,IimprovedmyEnglishnotonlyinthelanguageitself,butalsointermsofthecultureofthelanguage,whichprovidesmewithmoreunderstandingofwhatandhowtolearn.I'llcertainlycontinuestickingtothecornereverySaturday,hopingsomedaybecominganexpertinEnglishlearningjustlikesomeofmy"English-corner-friends".六、单元自测1.句子翻译1.他又惊又喜站起来领奖.2.这张桌子比那一张长了两倍3.这是我听到的最有趣的故事了。（否定词+比较级）【答案】1.Hestoodupandacceptedtheprize,第27页surprisedandhappy2.Thistableistwicelongerthanthatone3．Ihaveneverheardamoreinterestingstorybefore.4.2.知识运用1）完形填空DearSeth,Youareonlythreeyearsold,andatthispointinyourlifeyouarenotabletounderstandthisletter.Butsomedaywhenyou___1___,Ihopeyouwillfindsomething__2__inwhatIamgoingtosharewithyou.Lifecanbe__3__.Therewillbepeopleinyourlifewhowon’tbeverynice.They’ll__4___youbecauseyouaredifferent,__5__fornogoodreason.Youwillalsofaceheartbreakandmightbe__6__bythoseyoulove.Ihopeyoudon’thavetofacethesetoomuch,butsuchthings__7__.Beopentolifeanyway.You’llfindcruelty(残忍)第28页and__8__inyourjourneythroughlife,butdon’tletthat__9__youfromfindingnewthings.Don’tretreat（退却）fromlife,anddon’t__10__orwallyourselfoff.Beopentonewthings,newexperiences,andnewpeople.Youwill__11__manytimes,butifyouallowthattostopyoufromtrying,youwill__12_manychances.Dorememberfailureisasteppingstoneto__13__.Youwillmeetmanypeoplewhowilltrytodo__14__thanyou,inschool,incollege,andatwork.They’lltrytohavenicercars,biggerhouses,nicerclothes,andsoon..To__15_,lifeisacompetition.However,Ibelievelifeisa__16_.Ifyoualwaystryyourbestto__17__others,youarewastingyourlife.Learntoenjoyyourlife__18_andyouwillmakeitajourneyof__19__,oflearningandoflove.Finally,knowthatIloveyouandalwayswill.Youare_20__areallywonderfuljourney,andIwillalwaysbethereforyou.第29页LoveDad1:A．growupB．showupC．cheerupD．giveup2:A．familiarB．valuableC．normalD．interesting3:A．unkindB．peacefulC．equalD．simple4:A．lookatB．runafterC．laughatD．lookafter5:A．ifB．butC．soD．or6:A．hurtB．foundC．acceptedD．impressed7:A．matterB．workC．disappearD．happen8:A．luckB．painC．differenceD．hope第30页9:A．protectB．encourageC．stopD．choose10:A．forgiveB．struggleC．competeD．hide11:A．leaveB．prepareC．escapeD．fail12:A．enjoyB．tryC．missD．meet13:A．successB．lifeC．actionD．sorrow14:A．earlierB．betterD．fasterC．less15:A．youD．themB．meC．him16:A．challengeB．dramaC．journeyD．dream17:A．changeB．pardonC．followD．beat第31页18:A．somewhereB．insteadC．afterwardsD．though19:A．crueltyB．dangerC．happinessD．quietness20:A．startingB．destroyingC．finishingD．replacing答案:1-5ABACD6-10ADBCD11-15DCABD16-20CDBCA2）阅读理解WhenwomensittogethertowatchamovieonTV,theyusuallytalksimultaneously（同时的）aboutavarietyofsubjects,includingchildren,men,careersandwhat'shappeningintheirlives.Whengroupsofmenandwomenwatchamovietogether,themenusuallyenduptellingthewomentoshutup.Mencaneithertalkorwatchthescreen--theycan'tdoboth--andtheydon'tunderstandthatwomencan.Besides,womenconsiderthatthepointofallgettingtogetheristohaveagoodtimeanddevelop第32页relationships--notjusttosittherelikecouchpotatoesstaringatthescreen.Duringtheadbreaks,amanoftenasksawomantoexplaintheplotandtellhimwheretherelationshipbetweenthecharactersisgoing.Heisunable,unlikewomen,toreadthesubtlebodylanguagesignalsthatrevealhowthecharactersarefeelingemotionally.Sincewomenoriginallyspenttheirdayswiththeotherwomenandchildreninthegroup,theydevelopedtheabilitytocommunicatesuccessfullyinordertomaintainrelationships.Forawoman,speechcontinuestohavesuchaclearpurpose:tobuildrelationshipsandmakefriends.Formen,totalkistorelatethefacts.Menseethetelephoneasacommunicationtoolforsendingfactsandinformationtootherpeople,butawomanseesitasameansofbonding.Awomancanspendtwoweeksonvacationwithhergirlfriendand,whenshereturnshome,telephonethesamegirlfriendandtalkforanothertwohours.第33页Thereisnoconvincingevidencethatsocialconditioning,thefactthatgirls'motherstalkedthemmore,isthereasonwhygirlstalkmorethanboys.PsychiatristDrMichaelLewis,authorSocialBehaviourandLanguageAcquisition,conductedexperimentsthatfoundmotherstalkedtoandlookedat,babygirlsmoreoftenthanbabyboys.Scientificevidenceshowsparentsresthebrainbiasoftheirchildren.Sinceagirl'sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech,wethereforetalktothemmore.Consequently,motherswhotrytotalktotheirsonsareusuallypointedtoreceiveonlyshortgruntsinreply.1.WhilewatchingTVwithothers,womenUsuallytalkalotbecausethey______________A.areafraidofawkwardsilencewiththeirfamiliesandfriendsB.canbothtalkandwatchthescreenattheSametimeC.thinktheycanhaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationships第34页D.havetoexplaintheplotandbodylanguagetotheirhusbands2.Afteravacationwithhergirlfriend,awomanwouldtalktoheragainonthephoneforhoursinorderto______________.A.experiencethehappytimeagainB.keepaclosetiewithherC.recommendheranewscenicspotD.remindherofsomethingforgotten3.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.Women'sbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunicationB.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WomenAreSociallyTrainedtoTalkB.TalkingMaintainsRelationships第35页C,WomenLovetoTalkD.MenTalkDifferentlyfromWomen5.Whereisthispassageadaptedfrom?A.newspaperB.SciencereportC.textbookD.Entertainmentjournal答案:1---